A biomass energy pellet dryer and drying process thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a biomass energy particle dryer and a drying process thereof, belonging to the technical field of biomass energy particle drying. The biomass energy particle dryer comprises: a drum, a heating cylinder and a base, wherein the heating cylinder can heat the biomass energy particles inside the drum, the drum is installed on the base and rotated by a driving source, and further comprises: a plurality of swing assemblies, wherein the plurality of swing assemblies are hinged on the inner side wall of the drum, the swing assemblies can swing to one side and abut against adjacent swing assemblies, so that every two adjacent swing assemblies constitute a drying chamber; by dividing the accumulated materials into multiple portions of materials, the accumulation amount of the materials can be reduced, thereby improving the drying speed of the materials; in addition, by placing multiple small portions of materials close to the heating cylinder, the small portions of materials are easier to dry, thereby improving the drying efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass energy particle drying, and in particular relates to a biomass energy particle dryer and a drying process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Biomass fuel: refers to the burning of biomass materials as fuel, generally mainly agricultural and forestry waste (such as straw, sawdust, bagasse, rice bran, etc.). It is mainly different from fossil fuels. In the current national policies and environmental protection standards, direct combustion of biomass is a highly polluting fuel and is only used in large stoves in rural areas and is not allowed in cities. The application of biomass fuel is actually mainly biomass molded fuel, which uses agricultural and forestry waste as raw materials, and is made into various shapes (such as blocks, granules, etc.) through processes such as crushing, mixing, extrusion, and drying. It is a new type of clean fuel that can be directly burned.

[0003] The drum dryer is one of the traditional drying equipment. The equipment operates reliably, has great operational flexibility, strong adaptability and large processing capacity. It is widely used in metallurgy, building materials, chemical industry, coal washing, fertilizer, ore, sand, clay, kaolin, sugar and other fields. If the object to be dried is not allowed to be contaminated and is not allowed to be diluted by air, the heat should be transmitted through the drum wall. At this time, the drum is installed in a brick room, and the flue gas is passed outside the drum. The central pipe or tube, sleeve and other surface heat exchangers can also be installed in the drum. The metal wall is used for heat transfer, and the evaporated water is taken away only by clean gas.

[0004] A Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN113532056B discloses an undulating drum drying device for biomass fuel. The inner drum is rolled and the biomass fuel is dynamically tumbled by using a shoveling plate. The control box on the external heating drum provides heat and applies a magnetic field to ensure that the heat in the inner drum is always relatively even and high-temperature areas are not easily generated. The undulating layer arranged on the inner drum is repelled by the magnetic field interference of the control box when it rotates to the upper side. The undulating layer will actively arch inward and simultaneously pull the undulating strips to unfold, peeling off the biomass fuel with wall sticking phenomenon, and falling down to restore the shape after rolling out of the magnetic field range of the control box. The contact heat conduction effect between the biomass fuel and the metal wall of the inner drum will not be affected. Compared with the existing drum dryer, this patent can use the undulating action of the undulating layer to reduce the wall sticking phenomenon of the biomass fuel and improve the drying efficiency.

[0005] Although the above technical solution introduces the lifting plate design to realize the function of turning the materials and improve the efficiency of the drying process, in actual operation, it is not difficult to find that the materials still tend to accumulate at the bottom of the drum. This accumulation state creates a challenge, that is, the middle materials are often difficult to fully receive effective heat radiation. A significant problem caused by this is that the overall drying efficiency of the materials is restricted to a certain extent, making the drying process not as efficient and smooth as expected. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a biomass energy pellet dryer and a drying process thereof, aiming to solve the problem in the prior art of an undulating drum drying device for biomass fuel that the material is in a piled state when drying the material, resulting in slow drying of the material.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a biomass energy pellet dryer comprises: a drum, a heating cylinder and a base, the heating cylinder can heat the biomass energy pellets inside the drum, the drum is installed on the base and rotated by a driving source, and also comprises: a plurality of swinging assemblies, the plurality of swinging assemblies are hinged on the inner wall of the drum, the swinging assemblies can swing to one side and abut against adjacent swinging assemblies, so that every two adjacent swinging assemblies constitute a drying chamber, and when the drum rotates, the material can enter the interior of the drying chamber and drive the drying chamber to revolve.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: multiple drying chambers are formed by multiple swinging components, and most of the materials enter the interior of the drying chamber, so that the materials are divided into multiple small portions, the accumulation of the materials is reduced, and the small portions of materials are brought closer to the heating cylinder, thereby increasing the drying speed.

[0009] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the swing assembly includes a swing frame and a spring sheet, the swing frame is hinged on the drum, the spring sheet is C-shaped, and a pushing member is provided on the drum, which can enable the opening of the spring sheet to be reversed when the swing member forms a drying chamber, thereby increasing the space inside the drying chamber.

[0010] A further technical solution of the present invention is that it also includes a toggle assembly, which includes a toggle block, which is arranged on the rotating shaft of the swing assembly, and covers are arranged at both ends of the roller. The roller can rotate relative to the cover, and a friction block is arranged on the inner side wall of the cover. When the toggle block rotates with the roller, the toggle block can contact the friction block and rotate through friction force.

[0011] The effect is that the swing assembly can be driven to flip in sequence by setting the toggle assembly.

[0012] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a plurality of top plates corresponding to the swing assemblies are arranged at both ends of the drum, and two top balls are arranged on the top plates, which respectively correspond to the angle of the reset state of the swing assembly and the angle of the drying chamber formed by the swing assembly, and the shift block is provided with a clamping hole that can be used in conjunction with the top ball, and the drum is provided with an elastic member that pushes the top ball to cooperate with the clamping hole.

[0013] The effect is that the swing angle of the swing component can be fixed by clamping the top column into the inside of the clamping hole.

[0014] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a positioning plate is provided between two adjacent swing assemblies, and the swing assembly can abut against the positioning plate.

[0015] A further technical solution of the present invention is that the pushing member includes a stirring plate, the stirring plate can rotate inside the drying chamber, gears are provided at both ends of the stirring plate, and a gear ring matching the gear is provided on the cover.

[0016] The effect is that the rotation of the stirring plate can accelerate the drying of the materials in the drying chamber.

[0017] A further technical solution of the present invention is that a plurality of ventilation holes are provided on the spring sheet.

[0018] A drying process of a biomass energy pellet dryer comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. Add materials into the drum;

[0020] S2, driving the drum to rotate and driving the heating cylinder to heat the material;

[0021] S3, the swinging components swing in the same direction in sequence and form a drying chamber, so that the material is located inside the drying chamber;

[0022] S4. The drum drives the drying chamber to revolve.

[0023] By dividing the accumulated materials into multiple portions, the accumulation of materials is reduced and the drying efficiency is improved. At the same time, multiple portions of materials can be close to the heating cylinder, and the drying efficiency is faster.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] By dividing the accumulated materials into multiple portions, the accumulation amount of the materials can be reduced, thereby increasing the drying speed of the materials. In addition, by placing multiple small portions of materials close to the heating cylinder, the small portions of materials are easier to dry, thereby improving the drying efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is an axonometric cross-sectional view of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a toggle assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of a swing assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a cover in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the top plate and the elastic member in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of a drying chamber formed by a swing assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pushing member in a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. roller; 2. heating cylinder; 3. swing assembly; 31. swing frame; 311. side plate; 312. connecting rod; 32. spring; 321. vent; 4. drying chamber; 5. exhaust fan; 6. pusher; 61. stirring plate; 62. gear; 63. gear ring; 7. toggle assembly; 71. toggle block; 72. cover; 73. friction block; 74. top plate; 75. top bead; 76. clamping hole; 77. elastic member; 8. positioning plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 8The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a biomass energy pellet dryer, comprising a drum 1, a heating drum 2, a swinging assembly 3 and a drying chamber 4. Materials are filled into the drum 1, and the drum 1 is driven to rotate by a driving source, and then the materials in the drum 1 are heated by the heating drum 2. When the drum 1 rotates, multiple swinging assemblies 3 inside the drum 1 swing to one side in turn and abut against adjacent swinging assemblies 3, so that two adjacent swinging assemblies 3 form a small drying chamber 4. When the drum 1 rotates, the materials in the drying chamber 4 can be closely attached to the inner wall of the drum 1, so that the materials are closer to the heat source, thereby improving the drying speed.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 3 The drum 1 is horizontally arranged on a base, and a driving source is arranged on the base. The driving source is a reduction motor, which can drive the drum 1 to rotate on the base, and a heating cylinder 2 is arranged on the drum 1. The heating cylinder 2 can be used to heat and dry the material inside the drum 1. The heating cylinder 2 is a prior art and will not be described in detail. An exhaust fan 5 is also arranged at one end of the drum 1. The steam generated when the material is dried can be discharged from the drum 1 through the exhaust fan 5.

[0039] There are multiple swing components 3 in a circular array on the inner wall of the drum 1. When the drum 1 rotates, the multiple swing components 3 can swing to one side in turn and overlap on the adjacent swing components 3, so that the two swing components 3 and the side wall of the drum 1 constitute a drying chamber 4, so that most of the materials in the drum 1 are inside the drying chamber 4. The swing components 3 can divide the materials accumulated in the drum 1 into multiple small portions, and make multiple groups of small portions of materials close to the inner wall of the drum 1 and rotate with the drum 1, so as to dry the materials. By evenly dividing the accumulated materials into multiple small portions and keeping them close to the inner wall of the drum 1, not only can the amount of material accumulation be reduced and the drying efficiency be improved, but also the small portions of materials can be kept close to the heat source to speed up the drying of the small portions of materials and avoid the waste of heat energy.

[0040] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the swing assembly 3 is composed of a swing frame 31 and a spring 32. One end of the swing frame 31 is rotated on the inner wall of the drum 1 through a rotating shaft. The swing frame 31 is composed of two side plates 311 and two connecting rods 312. The spring 32 is located between the two connecting rods 312. The two side plates 311 are located on both sides of the length direction of the spring 32, and the two sides of the spring 32 can slide on the side plates 311. The spring 32 is in a C shape (as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown in the figure, the opening faces the opposite direction of the swing assembly 3. A pusher 6 is also provided between the two swing assemblies 3. When the swing assembly 3 swings clockwise, the back of the spring sheet 32 ​​is pushed by the pusher 6, so that the pusher 6 pushes the spring sheet 32 ​​to deform. When the deformation of the spring sheet 32 ​​reaches a certain limit value, the opening of the spring sheet 32 ​​is reversed (as shown in the figure). Figure 7 As shown in the figure), after the opening of the spring piece 32 is reversed, the swing assembly 3 swings so that one end of the swing frame 31 abuts against the spring piece 32, closing the opening of the drying chamber 4 to prevent leakage of materials.

[0041] When in use, before the spring piece 32 is swapped, the swing assembly 3 is rotated counterclockwise so that the material falls on the back side of the spring piece 32. Since the back side of the spring piece 32 is in an arc shape, part of the material will slide off the spring piece 32, thereby reducing the amount of material in the drying chamber 4. Then, the spring piece 32 is deformed to swap the opening of the spring piece 32, thereby increasing the ratio of the space inside the drying chamber 4 to the material. In other words, after a part of the material slides off the spring piece 32 before the swap, the amount of material in the drying chamber 4 can be reduced. After the opening of the spring piece 32 is swapped, on the premise that the space inside the drying chamber 4 does not change, the material in the drying chamber 4 is reduced compared with before the swap, thereby increasing the ratio of the space inside the drying chamber 4 to the material.

[0042] Therefore, when the drying chamber 4 rotates with the drum 1, the material inside the drying chamber 4 has enough space to roll, avoiding the problem of small space inside the drying chamber 4, which makes it difficult for the material to roll inside the drying chamber 4 and causes uneven drying.

[0043] See also Figure 4 A plurality of vent holes 321 are provided on the spring piece 32, and the vent holes 321 can discharge the steam inside the drying chamber 4, and discharge the steam outside the drum 1 through the exhaust fan 5, thereby accelerating the drying speed.

[0044] like Figures 3 to 6 As shown, in order to enable the swing assembly 3 to swing in sequence, a toggle assembly 7 is provided at the rotating shaft of the swing assembly 3, and the toggle assembly 7 can enable the swing assembly 3 to swing in sequence in the same direction at the same angle and position its angle, thereby achieving the purpose of forming a drying chamber 4.

[0045] The shifting assembly 7 includes a shifting block 71, which is fan-shaped, and the axis is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft of the swinging assembly 3. The fan-shaped parts of the shifting block 71 are all arranged toward the drum 1. Covers 72 are arranged at both ends of the drum 1. The exhaust fan 5 is installed on one of the covers 72. The cover 72 can be fixed on the base so that the drum 1 can rotate relative to the cover 72. A friction block 73 is arranged on the inner side wall of the cover 72. When the shifting block 71 rotates with the drum 1, the arc surface of the shifting block 71 can contact the friction block 73. The friction block The contact surface between 73 and the shift block 71 is an arc-shaped surface, and the axis is coaxial with the axis of the drum 1. When the shift block 71 contacts the friction block 73, the shift block 71 can be rotated due to the action of friction force, so that the shift block 71 drives the swing assembly 3 to swing at a certain angle and abuts against the adjacent swing assembly 3. Then the shift block 71 is separated from the friction block 73, thereby achieving the adjustment of the angle of the swing assembly 3. Of course, in order to take into account the problem of wear of the friction block 73, the friction block 73 is configured to be detachable, which is convenient for replacing the friction block 73.

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, after the angle of the swing assembly 3 is adjusted, in order to fix the adjusted angle of the swing assembly 3, a plurality of top plates 74 are evenly arranged in an annular array at both ends of the drum 1, and the number of the top plates 74 corresponds to the number of the swing assemblies 3, and the top plates 74 can slide toward the axial direction of the drum 1, two top beads 75 are arranged on the top plate 74, and a clamping hole 76 that can be used in conjunction with the top beads 75 is arranged on the shift block 71, and mounting chambers are arranged at both ends of the drum 1, the top plate 74 slides inside the mounting chamber, and an elastic member 77 is arranged inside the mounting chamber, the elastic member 77 can push the top plate 74 to one side of the mounting chamber, so that the top beads 75 pass through the outside of the mounting chamber, and one of the top beads 75 is clamped into the inside of the clamping hole 76, so that the swing angle of the swing assembly 3 can be fixed, and by providing two top beads 75, two different angles of the swing assembly 3 can be corresponded, that is, the two top beads 75 respectively correspond to the angle of the reset state of the swing assembly 3 and the angle of the swing assembly 3 forming the drying chamber 4.

[0047] When in use, when the friction block 73 drives the shift block 71 to rotate, the arc surface of the top ball 75 can push the top ball 75 into the interior of the installation chamber and compress the elastic member 77. When the swing assembly 3 abuts against the adjacent swing assembly 3, one of the top balls 75 can be inserted into the inside of the clamping hole 76, so that the swing assembly 3 can fix the angle of the swing assembly 3 when forming the drying chamber 4, thereby preventing the swing assembly 3 from rotating due to the influence of gravity. In addition, when the drum 1 is turned over, the shift block 71 can be turned over by the action of the friction block 73, thereby resetting the swing assembly 3. When the swing assembly 3 is reset, the side plate 311 can abut against the pushing member 6, and the pushing member 6 can reset the spring sheet 32. In this state, the clamping hole 76 on the shift block 71 cooperates with another top ball 75 to prevent the swing assembly 3 from rotating.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, a positioning plate 8 is provided between two adjacent swinging assemblies 3, and the positioning plate 8 can be fixed on the inner wall of the drum 1. When a plurality of swinging assemblies 3 swing in sequence, the swinging assembly 3 close to the positioning plate 8 can first abut against the positioning plate 8 to fix the swinging angle of the swinging assembly 3, and then the subsequent swinging assemblies 3 abut against the adjacent swinging assemblies 3 in sequence, which can realize the function of positioning the swinging angle of the swinging assembly 3.

[0049] like Figure 8 and Figure 5 As shown, the pushing member 6 includes a stirring plate 61, which can rotate inside the drying chamber 4, and gears 62 are provided at both ends of the stirring plate 61, and a ring gear 63 is provided on the cover 72, the ring gear 63 is coaxially arranged with the cover 72, and the gear 62 can mesh with the ring gear 63, so that when the drum 1 drives the stirring plate 61 to revolve, it can also drive the gear 62 to revolve, because the gear 62 is meshed with the ring gear 63, so the stirring plate 61 can rotate at the same time as the revolving, so that the stirring plate 61 rotates inside the drying chamber 4, and the material inside the drying chamber 4 can be stirred by the rotation of the stirring plate 61, thereby improving the drying effect. Of course, when the stirring plate 61 rotates, it can push the spring piece 32 to deform and reverse the opening.

[0050] A drying process of a biomass energy pellet dryer comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1, adding materials into drum 1;

[0052] S2, driving the roller 1 to rotate and driving the heating cylinder 2 to heat the material;

[0053] S3, the swinging components 3 swing in the same direction in sequence and form a drying chamber 4, so that the material is located inside the drying chamber 4;

[0054] S4, the drum 1 drives the drying chamber 4 to revolve.

Claims

1. A biomass energy pellet dryer, comprising: A drum (1), a heating drum (2) and a base, wherein the heating drum (2) is capable of heating biomass energy particles inside the drum (1), and the drum (1) is mounted on the base and rotated by a driving source, and is characterized in that it also comprises: a plurality of swing assemblies (3), wherein the plurality of swing assemblies (3) are hinged on the inner wall of the drum (1), the swing assemblies (3) are capable of swinging to one side and abutting against adjacent swing assemblies (3), so that every two adjacent swing assemblies (3) form a drying chamber (4), and when the drum (1) rotates, the material can enter the drying chamber (4) and drive the drying chamber (4) to revolve; The swing assembly (3) comprises a swing frame (31) and a spring sheet (32); the swing frame (31) is hinged on the drum (1); the spring sheet (32) is C-shaped; and a pusher (6) is provided on the drum (1) so that when the swing assembly (3) forms a drying chamber (4), the opening of the spring sheet (32) is reversed, thereby increasing the space inside the drying chamber (4).

2. A biomass energy pellet dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a toggle assembly (7), wherein the toggle assembly (7) comprises a toggle block (71), wherein the toggle block (71) is arranged on the rotating shaft of the swing assembly (3), and sleeve covers (72) are arranged at both ends of the roller (1), wherein the roller (1) can rotate relative to the sleeve covers (72), and a friction block (73) is arranged on the inner side wall of the sleeve cover (72), and when the toggle block (71) rotates with the roller (1), the toggle block (71) can contact the friction block (73), and the friction force can be used to rotate the toggle block (71).

3. A biomass energy pellet dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of top plates (74) corresponding to the swing assemblies (3) are arranged at both ends of the drum (1); two top beads (75) are arranged on the top plates (74); the two top beads (75) respectively correspond to the angle of the reset state of the swing assembly (3) and the angle of the drying chamber (4) formed by the swing assembly (3); a clamping hole (76) capable of cooperating with the top beads (75) is arranged on the shifting block (71); and an elastic member (77) for pushing the top beads (75) to cooperate with the clamping hole (76) is arranged on the drum (1).

4. The biomass energy pellet dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A positioning plate (8) is provided between two adjacent swing assemblies (3), and the swing assemblies (3) can abut against the positioning plate (8).

5. The biomass energy pellet dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pushing member (6) comprises a stirring plate (61) which is capable of rotating inside the drying chamber (4). Gears (62) are provided at both ends of the stirring plate (61). A gear ring (63) which matches the gear (62) is provided on the cover (72).

6. The biomass energy pellet dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring sheet (32) is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes (321).

7. A drying process of a biomass energy pellet dryer, characterized in that: A biomass energy pellet dryer according to any one of claims 1 to 6 comprises the following steps: S1, adding materials into the drum (1); S2, driving the roller (1) to rotate and driving the heating cylinder (2) to heat the material; S3, the swinging components (3) swing in the same direction in sequence to form a drying chamber (4), so that the material is located inside the drying chamber (4); S4: The drum (1) drives the drying chamber (4) to revolve.

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