Anti-ant flame-retardant cable and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, and proposes an anti-ant flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. The anti-ant flame-retardant cable includes a conductor, an insulating layer and a protective layer from the inside to the outside, and the protective layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 15-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 10-16 parts of carbon black, 2-4 parts of a first antioxidant, 35-45 parts of a flame retardant, 2-6 parts of an anti-ant agent, and 1-3 parts of a first plasticizer; the insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 1-3 parts of a second plasticizer, and 2-4 parts of a second antioxidant; the flame retardant is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate. Through the above technical scheme, the problem of poor flame retardancy and poor mechanical properties of anti-ant flame-retardant cables in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of cable materials, and in particular to an anti-ant flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Cable is a power or signal transmission device, usually composed of a conductor and an insulating layer and a protective layer wrapped around the surface of the conductor. It has the advantages of high reliability and good safety. It is widely used in many fields such as power systems, communication systems, transportation systems, industrial automation, etc. Cables are used in urban power grids, factories, mines, railways, ships, petrochemicals and other places. At present, the protective layer of the cable is usually made of polyethylene material, which is easily bitten by ants. Anti-ant agents are usually added to the cable material to achieve protection against ant bites, and the anti-ant effect is good, but this type of cable has poor flame retardant properties, and the addition of a large amount of flame retardants will cause the mechanical properties of the cable material to drop significantly, making it impossible to achieve long-term operation of the cable. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop an anti-ant flame retardant cable with good flame retardant properties and excellent mechanical properties. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides an anti-ant flame-retardant cable and a preparation method thereof, which solves the problems of poor flame-retardant performance and poor mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame-retardant cable in the related art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] The present invention provides an anti-termite flame-retardant cable, which comprises a conductor, an insulating layer and a protective layer from the inside to the outside, wherein the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 15-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 10-16 parts of carbon black, 2-4 parts of a first antioxidant, 35-45 parts of a flame retardant, 2-6 parts of an anti-termite agent, and 1-3 parts of a first plasticizer;

[0006] The insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of EPDM rubber, 1-3 parts of a second plasticizer, and 2-4 parts of a second antioxidant;

[0007] The flame retardant is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the preparation method of the ammonium polyphosphate loaded vermiculite comprises the following steps: dissolving ammonium polyphosphate in water to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution, adding vermiculite to the ammonium polyphosphate solution, dispersing evenly, and drying to obtain the ammonium polyphosphate loaded vermiculite.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the weight ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate to the vermiculite is 1-4:1.

[0010] When the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to vermiculite is 1-4:1, the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable can be further improved.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the mass fraction of the ammonium polyphosphate solution is 40% to 50%.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite is brominated epoxy resin-modified ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite.

[0013] Brominated epoxy resin has excellent flame retardant effect. The surface modification of vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate using brominated epoxy resin can not only improve the dispersibility of vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate, but also effectively combine with chlorosulfonated polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, thereby further improving the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the preparation method of the brominated epoxy resin modified vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate comprises the following steps: melting the brominated epoxy resin, adding the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate, stirring, and cooling to obtain the brominated epoxy resin modified vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

[0015] As a further technical solution, during the melting, the temperature is 170-180° C.; during the stirring, the time is 30-60 minutes.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the weight ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite to the brominated epoxy resin is 9-19:1.

[0017] When the weight ratio of vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate and brominated epoxy resin is 9-19:1, the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable can be further improved.

[0018] As a further technical solution, the first antioxidant is one or both of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168; the anti-ant agent is one or both of cypermethrin and permethrin; the first plasticizer is one or more of diisononyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester.

[0019] As a further technical solution, the second plasticizer is one or both of diisodecyl phthalate and diisononyl phthalate; the second antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 425, antioxidant 1010, and antioxidant 330.

[0020] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the ant-proof flame-retardant cable, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1, mixing and kneading the components of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain a protective layer material;

[0022] S2, mixing and kneading the components of the insulating layer, and extruding to obtain an insulating layer material;

[0023] S3. The insulating layer material and the protective layer material are sequentially coated on the surface of the conductor in the order of conductor, insulating layer and protective layer from inside to outside to obtain the ant-proof flame-retardant cable.

[0024] As a further technical solution, in step S1, the temperature during extrusion is 110-130°C; in step S2, the temperature during extrusion is 120-140°C.

[0025] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] In the present invention, linear low-density polyethylene is selected as the base material of the protective layer of the anti-ant flame-retardant cable, and a flame retardant is added, the flame retardant is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate, the raw materials of the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate include vermiculite and ammonium polyphosphate, the ammonium polyphosphate has a good flame retardant effect, and the vermiculite expands when heated to form a heat insulation layer, which can prevent heat from being transferred to the inside of the cable, and can also achieve a good flame retardant effect, by loading the ammonium polyphosphate on the vermiculite, when the amount of the flame retardant is small, the effective flame retardant of the anti-ant flame-retardant cable can be achieved, and through the synergistic effect of ammonium polyphosphate and vermiculite, while improving the flame retardant performance of the anti-ant flame-retardant cable, its mechanical properties are also improved. In addition, the addition of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in the protective layer can also improve the flame retardant performance and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame-retardant cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the following embodiments and comparative examples, the model of linear low-density polyethylene is LL6101XR; the model of chlorosulfonated polyethylene is CSM3304; the model of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is D2908; the model of carbon black is N660; the particle size of vermiculite is 325 mesh; the model of brominated epoxy resin is NPEB-400; the model of EPDM rubber is 3092PM; the conductor is an aluminum alloy conductor, the model of which is AA8030; and the model of ammonium polyphosphate is FR CROS 486.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] An anti-ant flame-retardant cable comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor, an insulating layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 15 parts of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 10 parts of carbon black, 2 parts of antioxidant 168, 35 parts of flame retardant, 2 parts of cypermethrin, and 1 part of diisononyl phthalate;

[0031] The insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 1 part of diisodecyl phthalate, and 2 parts of antioxidant 1010;

[0032] The flame retardant is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate;

[0033] The preparation method of ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite comprises the following steps: dissolving 17 parts of ammonium polyphosphate in water to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, adding 18 parts of vermiculite to the ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, stirring until the vermiculite is evenly dispersed, and drying to obtain the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

[0034] The preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0035] S1, mixing and extruding the components of the protective layer to obtain a protective layer material;

[0036] During extrusion, the temperature of zone 1 is 110°C, the temperature of zone 2 is 130°C, and the temperature of zone 3 is 120°C;

[0037] S2, mixing and kneading the components of the insulating layer, and extruding to obtain an insulating layer material;

[0038] During extrusion, the temperature of zone 1 is 120°C, the temperature of zone 2 is 140°C, and the temperature of zone 3 is 130°C;

[0039] S3. Insulating layer material and protective layer material are sequentially coated on the surface of the conductor in the order of conductor, insulating layer and protective layer from inside to outside to obtain an anti-ant flame-retardant cable.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] An anti-ant flame-retardant cable comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor, an insulating layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 23 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 18 parts of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 13 parts of carbon black, 3 parts of antioxidant 168, 40 parts of flame retardant, 4 parts of cypermethrin, and 2 parts of diisononyl phthalate;

[0042] The insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 23 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 2 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, and 3 parts of antioxidant 1010;

[0043] The flame retardant is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate;

[0044] The preparation method of ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite comprises the following steps: dissolving 18 parts of ammonium polyphosphate in water to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, adding 22 parts of vermiculite to the ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, stirring until the vermiculite is evenly dispersed, and drying to obtain the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

[0045] The preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0046] S1, mixing and extruding the components of the protective layer to obtain a protective layer material;

[0047] During extrusion, the temperature of zone 1 is 110°C, the temperature of zone 2 is 130°C, and the temperature of zone 3 is 120°C;

[0048] S2, mixing and kneading the components of the insulating layer, and extruding to obtain an insulating layer material;

[0049] During extrusion, the temperature of zone 1 is 120°C, the temperature of zone 2 is 140°C, and the temperature of zone 3 is 130°C;

[0050] S3. Insulating layer material and protective layer material are sequentially coated on the surface of the conductor in the order of conductor, insulating layer and protective layer from inside to outside to obtain an anti-ant flame-retardant cable.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] An anti-ant flame-retardant cable comprises, from the inside to the outside, a conductor, an insulating layer and a protective layer, wherein the protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 25 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 20 parts of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 16 parts of carbon black, 4 parts of antioxidant 168, 45 parts of flame retardant, 6 parts of cypermethrin, and 3 parts of diisononyl phthalate;

[0053] The insulating layer includes the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 25 parts of ethylene propylene rubber, 3 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, and 4 parts of antioxidant 1010;

[0054] The flame retardant is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate;

[0055] The preparation method of ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite comprises the following steps: dissolving 22 parts of ammonium polyphosphate in water to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, adding 23 parts of vermiculite to the ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, ultrasonicating until the vermiculite is evenly dispersed, and drying to obtain the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

[0056] The preparation method thereof comprises the following steps:

[0057] S1, mixing and kneading the components of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain a protective layer material;

[0058] During extrusion, the temperature of zone 1 is 110°C, the temperature of zone 2 is 130°C, and the temperature of zone 3 is 120°C;

[0059] S2, mixing and kneading the components of the insulating layer, and extruding to obtain an insulating layer material;

[0060] During extrusion, the temperature of zone 1 is 120°C, the temperature of zone 2 is 140°C, and the temperature of zone 3 is 130°C;

[0061] S3. Insulating layer material and protective layer material are sequentially coated on the surface of the conductor in the order of conductor, insulating layer and protective layer from inside to outside to obtain an anti-ant flame-retardant cable.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the preparation method of vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate comprises the following steps: dissolving 34 parts of ammonium polyphosphate in water to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, adding 6 parts of vermiculite to the ammonium polyphosphate solution with a mass fraction of 45%, stirring until the vermiculite is evenly dispersed, and drying to obtain vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

[0064] Example 5

[0065] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that 32 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 8 parts of vermiculite are added.

[0066] Example 6

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 4 is that 20 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 20 parts of vermiculite are added.

[0068] Example 7

[0069] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 6 is that the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate is brominated epoxy resin modified vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate, and its preparation method comprises the following steps: 6 parts of brominated epoxy resin are melted at 175°C, 34 parts of vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate are added (when preparing the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate, 17 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 17 parts of vermiculite are added), stirred for 45 minutes, cooled, and obtained epoxy resin modified vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

[0070] Example 8

[0071] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that 1 part of brominated epoxy resin is added, and 39 parts of ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite are added (when preparing the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite, 19.5 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 19.5 parts of vermiculite are added).

[0072] Example 9

[0073] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that 4 parts of brominated epoxy resin are added, and 36 parts of ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite are added (when preparing the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite, 18 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 18 parts of vermiculite are added).

[0074] Example 10

[0075] The only difference between this embodiment and embodiment 7 is that 2 parts of brominated epoxy resin are added, and 38 parts of ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite are added (when preparing the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite, 19 parts of ammonium polyphosphate and 19 parts of vermiculite are added).

[0076] Comparative Example 1

[0077] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the flame retardant added is 35 parts of ammonium polyphosphate.

[0078] Comparative Example 2

[0079] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the added flame retardant is 35 parts of vermiculite.

[0080] Comparative Example 3

[0081] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no flame retardant is added.

[0082] Comparative Example 4

[0083] The only difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no chlorosulfonated polyethylene is added.

[0084] Experimental Example 1 Anti-ant effect test

[0085] The anti-termite flame-retardant cables prepared in Examples 1 to 10 were subjected to a termite corrosion grade test according to the experimental group method in JB / T 10696.9-2011 "Test methods for mechanical and physical and chemical properties of wires and cables - Part 9: Termite test". Three samples were taken for testing in each example. No tooth marks of termite corrosion were found on the surface of the anti-termite flame-retardant cables, and the termite corrosion grade was 1, which proves that the anti-termite flame-retardant cables prepared in Examples 1 to 10 have good anti-termite effect.

[0086] Experimental Example 2 Flame retardant performance test

[0087] The protective layer materials of the anti-ant flame-retardant cables prepared in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were tested for oxygen index according to the method of GB / T2406.2-2009 "Determination of Combustion Behavior of Plastics by Oxygen Index Method Part 2: Room Temperature Test", and the test results were the average values ​​of the three samples.

[0088] Experimental Example 3 Mechanical Properties Test

[0089] The protective layer materials of the anti-ant flame-retardant cables prepared in Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 were tested for tensile strength and elongation at break according to the method of GB / T2951.11-2008 "General test methods for insulation and sheath materials of electrical cables and optical cables Part 11: General test methods for thickness and dimensional measurement mechanical properties test", and the test results are the average values ​​of 5 specimens; wherein, in the tensile test step, the chuck moving speed is 30 mm / min.

[0090] The test results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0091] Table 1 Flame retardant and mechanical properties test results of Examples 1 to 10 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4

[0092]

[0093] Compared with Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the oxygen index, tensile strength and elongation at break of Example 1 are significantly improved, indicating that when the flame retardant in the protective layer is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate, by loading ammonium polyphosphate on vermiculite, effective flame retardancy of the anti-ant flame retardant cable can be achieved, and through the synergistic effect of ammonium polyphosphate and vermiculite, the flame retardant properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable are improved, and its mechanical properties are also improved. Compared with Comparative Example 4, the oxygen index, tensile strength and elongation at break of Example 1 are significantly improved, indicating that the addition of chlorosulfonated polyethylene in the protective layer can also improve the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable.

[0094] Compared with Examples 2 and 4, the oxygen index, tensile strength and elongation at break of Examples 5 to 6 are improved, indicating that when the weight ratio of ammonium polyphosphate to vermiculite is 1 to 4:1, the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable can be further improved. Compared with Example 6, the oxygen index, tensile strength and elongation at break of Examples 7 to 10 are improved, indicating that the surface modification of the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate using brominated epoxy resin can further improve the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable. In addition, compared with Examples 7 to 8, the oxygen index, tensile strength and elongation at break of Examples 9 to 10 are improved, indicating that when the weight ratio of the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate to the brominated epoxy resin is 9 to 19:1, the flame retardant properties and mechanical properties of the anti-ant flame retardant cable can be further improved.

[0095] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An anti-ant flame-retardant cable, comprising a conductor, an insulating layer and a protective layer from the inside to the outside, characterized in that: The protective layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35-45 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of chlorosulfonated polyethylene, 15-20 parts of ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, 10-16 parts of carbon black, 2-4 parts of a first antioxidant, 35-45 parts of a flame retardant, 2-6 parts of an anti-termite agent, and 1-3 parts of a first plasticizer; The insulating layer comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of linear low-density polyethylene, 20-25 parts of EPDM rubber, 1-3 parts of a second plasticizer, and 2-4 parts of a second antioxidant; The flame retardant is vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate; The ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite is brominated epoxy resin-modified ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite.

2. The anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite comprises the following steps: dissolving ammonium polyphosphate in water to obtain an ammonium polyphosphate solution, adding vermiculite to the ammonium polyphosphate solution, dispersing the solution uniformly, and drying the solution to obtain the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite.

3. The anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate to the vermiculite is 1-4:

1.

4. The anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass fraction of the ammonium polyphosphate solution is 40% to 50%.

5. The anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the brominated epoxy resin modified vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate comprises the following steps: melting the brominated epoxy resin, adding the vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate, stirring, and cooling to obtain the brominated epoxy resin modified vermiculite loaded with ammonium polyphosphate.

6. The anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to claim 5, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the ammonium polyphosphate-loaded vermiculite to the brominated epoxy resin is 9-19:

1.

7. The anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first antioxidant is one or both of antioxidant 1010 and antioxidant 168; the anti-termite agent is one or both of cypermethrin and permethrin; the first plasticizer is one or more of diisononyl phthalate, dioctyl adipate, and epoxy fatty acid methyl ester; the second plasticizer is one or both of diisodecyl phthalate and diisononyl phthalate; the second antioxidant is one or more of antioxidant 425, antioxidant 1010, and antioxidant 330.

8. The method for preparing an anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing and kneading the components of the protective layer, and extruding to obtain a protective layer material; S2, mixing and kneading the components of the insulating layer, and extruding to obtain an insulating layer material; S3. The insulating layer material and the protective layer material are sequentially coated on the surface of the conductor in the order of conductor, insulating layer and protective layer from inside to outside to obtain the ant-proof flame-retardant cable.

9. The method for preparing an anti-termite flame-retardant cable according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step S1, the temperature during extrusion is 110-130°C; in step S2, the temperature during extrusion is 120-140°C.

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