A multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of liquid hydrogen vaporization, and in particular, relates to a multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer. The device of the present invention includes a vaporizer inlet for releasing liquid hydrogen; an inlet multi-way valve, the first inlet interface of the inlet multi-way valve is docked with the vaporizer inlet to allow fluid to pass through, and has multiple first outflow interfaces; a vaporization pipeline, the vaporization pipeline inlet is docked with the first outflow interface to allow fluid to pass through, and the vaporization pipeline is provided with several and the number is the same as the number of the first outflow interfaces; an outlet multi-way valve, the outlet multi-way valve has a second outflow interface and multiple second inflow interfaces, the second outflow interface is docked with the buffer tank, and the second inflow interface is docked with the vaporization pipeline outlet. A heat exchange sleeve assembly is sleeved on the vaporization pipeline and used for heat exchange of the vaporization pipeline; the present invention adopts a dual-channel parallel pipeline layout to effectively solve the safety hazard that the hydrogen velocity at the outlet of a large-flow high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer is higher than the set value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid hydrogen vaporization, and in particular relates to a multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the rise of hydrogen energy and fuel cell vehicle industries, liquid hydrogen has more obvious advantages than gaseous hydrogen in the storage and transportation of the large-scale development of the hydrogen energy industry. Liquid hydrogen refueling stations have the advantages of high transportation efficiency, low storage and transportation pressure, and low safety risks compared to gaseous hydrogen refueling stations. In particular, they have the advantages of being fast, economical, and efficient in the long-distance transportation required for the cross-provincial utilization of cheap clean energy such as wind energy and solar energy.

[0003] A high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer is a device used to convert liquid hydrogen (liquid hydrogen) stored under high pressure into gaseous hydrogen. As a carrier of clean energy, liquid hydrogen needs to be stored at very low temperatures (approximately -253°C or 20K) and high pressure to maintain its liquid form. In order to convert it into a gaseous state at the point of use for easy transportation and use, it needs to be heated by a vaporizer. Therefore, the liquid hydrogen vaporizer is one of the core process equipment for liquid hydrogen storage and hydrogenation, and is a key equipment to ensure the realization of the liquid hydrogen vaporization process in the liquid hydrogen industry chain.

[0004] At present, the liquid hydrogen refueling stations that have been built or are about to be built in China generally have a capacity of 500-600Nm 3 / h, but with the promotion of liquid hydrogen, liquid hydrogen vaporizers with larger volume flow will be needed in the future for liquid hydrogen industry chain such as liquid hydrogen refueling stations and liquid hydrogen plants. The current small volume flow liquid hydrogen vaporizers can no longer meet the requirements, and large volume flow vaporizers are needed. Large volume flow vaporizers will have the problem of too high outlet gas velocity when the inner diameter of the pipeline remains unchanged, which may cause excessive wear inside the pipeline and equipment (such as valves and heat exchangers), which is not conducive to the operation of the device. However, blindly expanding the pipeline to reduce the outlet gas velocity may cause liquid substances to accumulate in the pipeline, especially at the low points or elbows of the pipeline. This accumulation may cause flow instability and even block the pipeline in some cases.

[0005] In summary, there is a need for a high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer that can flexibly adjust the outlet flow rate. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer. The present invention adopts a dual-channel parallel pipeline layout to effectively solve the safety hazard of the outlet hydrogen velocity of the large-flow high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer being higher than the set value.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problems is: a multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, comprising:

[0008] a vaporizer inlet, which is arranged on a liquid hydrogen pump connected to the liquid hydrogen storage tank and is used to release the liquid hydrogen;

[0009] an inlet multi-way valve, wherein a first inlet interface of the inlet multi-way valve is connected to the vaporizer inlet to allow fluid to pass therethrough, and the inlet multi-way valve has a plurality of first outflow interfaces;

[0010] A vaporization pipeline, wherein the inlet of the vaporization pipeline is connected to the first outlet interface to allow fluid to pass through, and a plurality of the vaporization pipelines are provided and the number is the same as the number of the first outlet interfaces;

[0011] An outlet multi-way valve, wherein the outlet multi-way valve has a second outflow interface and a plurality of second inflow interfaces, wherein the second outflow interface is connected to the buffer tank, and the second inflow interfaces are connected to the outlet of the vaporization pipeline and the number of the second inflow interfaces is the same as the number of the vaporization pipelines;

[0012] A heat exchange sleeve assembly, sleeved on the vaporization pipe and used for exchanging heat with the vaporization pipe;

[0013] The inlet multi-way valve is provided with a control mechanism to allow the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank to flow into the vaporization pipeline from any one or more outflow interfaces at the same time.

[0014] Among them, the heat exchange sleeve assembly is a core component in the high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, which is used to achieve heat transfer from one medium to another, such as heating medium to liquid hydrogen. The heat exchange sleeve assembly is made of materials with good thermal conductivity, such as stainless steel, aluminum, copper or special alloys to ensure effective heat transfer. In addition, the heat exchange sleeve assembly transfers heat from the heat source to liquid hydrogen through its surface, so it has a large surface area to increase the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, despite the large surface area, the heat exchange sleeve assembly is usually designed to be very compact in order to achieve efficient heat exchange in a limited space.

[0015] Among them, the inlet multi-way valve is a mechanical device designed to control and distribute the flow direction of fluid. In this multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, it distributes liquid hydrogen from the storage tank safely and effectively to different vaporization pipes of the vaporizer. This distribution method can adjust the flow rate of liquid hydrogen as needed to achieve different outlet flow rates.

[0016] The function of the vaporization pipeline is to transport the liquid hydrogen distributed from the inlet multi-way valve to different parts of the vaporizer for heat exchange and phase change, from liquid to gas. The vaporization pipeline is the core component of the entire vaporization process, used to ensure that the liquid hydrogen can be efficiently and safely heated and converted into gaseous hydrogen.

[0017] Among them, the control mechanism on the inlet multi-way valve refers to a device or system installed on the inlet valve of a multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, which can adjust the flow of liquid hydrogen from the storage tank to any vaporization pipeline connected to the inlet multi-way valve. The control mechanism is divided into a manual operation unit and an electronic control unit. The manual operation unit is such as a handwheel, a lever or a knob, etc. The operator can manually open, close or adjust the valve through these devices to control the flow of liquid hydrogen to a specific vaporization pipeline. The electronic control unit adjusts the opening direction of the valve according to the input instructions and the feedback from the sensor to control the distribution of liquid hydrogen. The electronic control unit also includes software and algorithms, that is, programs that process data and execute commands through the control unit, which can dynamically adjust the behavior of the valve based on preset logic or in response to external inputs, such as instructions from the control panel or sensor feedback. The control mechanism may also include equipment for communicating with external systems, such as a central control system or a remote monitoring system, to facilitate centralized management or remote operation.

[0018] A further preferred technical solution is that: the inlet multi-way valve is provided with two first outflow interfaces with the same specifications, the outlet multi-way valve is provided with two second inflow interfaces with the same specifications, and two vaporization pipes are provided with the same specifications.

[0019] Among them, the inlet multi-way valve with two first outflow interfaces is similar to the three-way valve in the prior art. In particular, it allows liquid to be supplied to two outflow interfaces at the same time, or the flow to any outflow interface can be adjusted as needed, providing more operational flexibility.

[0020] The term "specification" generally refers to the physical dimensions and / or design parameters of the interface, which determine the type of fluid, flow rate, and other characteristics that the interface can handle. In this application, it refers to the physical dimensions of the inflow interface, that is, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction of the pipeline fluid. Larger interfaces can usually handle higher flow rates, while smaller interfaces are used for lower flow applications. Interfaces with the same specifications must have the same cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction of the pipeline fluid.

[0021] A further preferred technical solution is that: the inlet multi-way valve is provided with two first outflow interfaces, which are respectively a first outflow interface of a larger specification and a first outflow interface of a smaller specification; the outlet multi-way valve is provided with two second inflow interfaces, which are respectively a second inflow interface of a larger specification and a second inflow interface of a smaller specification; two vaporization pipes are provided, which are respectively a pipe of a larger specification and a pipe of a smaller specification; both ends of the pipe of a larger specification are respectively connected to the first outflow interface of a larger specification and the second inflow interface of a larger specification; and both ends of the pipe of a smaller specification are respectively connected to the first outflow interface of a smaller specification and the second inflow interface of a smaller specification.

[0022] Among them, two first outflow interfaces are provided on the inlet multi-way valve, one of which is of larger specification and the other of which is of smaller specification. This indicates that the valve is designed to supply liquid to two outflow channels of different specifications, i.e., different flow capacities, simultaneously or separately, in order to meet different operating requirements. The valve has the function of opening two outflow interfaces at the same time or opening only one of them as needed.

[0023] A further preferred technical solution is that: the inlet multi-way valve is provided with three first outflow interfaces with the same specifications, the outlet multi-way valve is provided with three second inflow interfaces with the same specifications, and three vaporization pipelines are provided with the same specifications.

[0024] A further preferred technical solution is that: the inlet multi-way valve is provided with three first outflow interfaces, which are two first outflow interfaces of the same larger specification and one first outflow interface of a smaller specification, the outlet multi-way valve is provided with three second inflow interfaces, which are two second inflow interfaces of the same larger specification and one second inflow interface of a smaller specification, the vaporization pipes are provided with three, which are two larger pipes of the same specification and one pipe of a smaller specification, the two ends of the two larger pipes are respectively connected to two first outflow interfaces of a larger specification and a second inflow interface of a larger specification, and the two ends of the smaller pipe are respectively connected to a first outflow interface of a smaller specification and a second inflow interface of a smaller specification.

[0025] A further preferred technical solution is that the control mechanism of the inlet multi-way valve is controlled by a remote operation system.

[0026] The remote operation system is a system that uses computer networks, wireless communications, or other electronic control technologies to remotely monitor and operate equipment. The remote operation system allows operators to control the switch state, adjust the flow, or perform other operations at a distance from the valve without directly contacting the valve body. The communication network connecting the remote operation interface and the valve can be a wired network, such as Ethernet, or a wireless network, such as Wi-Fi, cellular network. Mechanical equipment installed on the valve can perform opening, closing or adjustment operations according to remotely sent instructions. These actuators are usually electric, but can also be pneumatic or hydraulic, depending on the type of valve and operating requirements.

[0027] A further preferred technical solution is that when two vaporization pipelines are provided with the same specifications, the working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization amount is less than 1 / 2 times the rated vaporization amount, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve is used to control one way to be in a connected state and the other way to be in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization amount is between 1 / 2 and 1 times the rated vaporization amount, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve is controlled to connect the two pipelines and work at the same time, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

[0028] The calculation formula of outlet gas velocity is as follows:

[0029] v=q / (s*n)

[0030] Where q is the volume flow rate, s is the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the flow direction of the pipeline fluid, and n is the number of pipelines.

[0031] It can be seen from the above formula that the flow rate of hydrogen at the outlet of the liquid hydrogen vaporizer can be effectively reduced by increasing the number of pipelines while keeping the inner diameter of the pipeline unchanged. Secondly, two vaporization pipelines are set, that is, a dual-channel connection is adopted in the form of a tee, and the liquid hydrogen is divided into two paths for vaporization. For a large-flow high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, the problem of excessively high hydrogen outlet gas velocity is solved, and a dual-channel parallel pipeline layout is adopted to effectively solve the safety hazard that the hydrogen outlet velocity of a large-flow high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer is higher than the set value.

[0032] A further preferred technical solution is that when n vaporization pipelines are provided with the same specifications, the working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization amount is less than 1 / n times the rated vaporization amount, and the n+1-way inlet multi-way valve is used to control one way to be in a connected state and the other way to be in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization amount is 1 / n-2 / n times the rated vaporization amount, and the n+1-way inlet multi-way valve is controlled to connect the two pipelines and work at the same time, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank; and the same applies to state three to state n.

[0033] Among them, the above is an extended modular high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer. The dual-channel vaporizer can be evolved into a multi-channel vaporizer by adding modules. When the inner diameter of the pipeline reaches the boundary condition, the purpose of reducing the vaporizer outlet gas velocity and increasing the vaporization amount is achieved by adding parallel pipelines.

[0034] A further preferred technical solution is that when two vaporization pipes are provided and one of them is larger and the other is smaller, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the smaller pipe perpendicular to the fluid flow direction is 1 / 2 of that of the larger pipe, the working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization amount is less than 1 / 3 times the rated vaporization amount, and the pipe with the smaller size is controlled to be in a connected state through the three-way inlet multi-way valve, and the other is in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization amount is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 times the rated vaporization amount, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve is controlled to make the pipe with the larger size in a connected state, and the other is in a silent state; in state three, the vaporization amount is between 2 / 3 and 1 times the rated vaporization amount, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve is controlled to make the two pipelines connected and work at the same time, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

[0035] Among them, the above is an extended modular high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer. The dual-channel vaporizer can be evolved into a multi-channel vaporizer by changing the specifications. When the inner diameter of the pipeline reaches the boundary condition, the purpose of adjusting the vaporizer outlet gas velocity is achieved by switching different parallel pipelines.

[0036] A further preferred technical solution is that the heat exchange sleeve assembly includes fins, and the fins are used for heat exchange with the vaporization pipe.

[0037] A further preferred technical solution is that the fins are formed by extruding aluminum.

[0038] Among them, the vaporizer, as one of the key equipment for liquid hydrogen vaporization, uses the air in the atmospheric environment as a heat source and extrude finned tubes with good thermal conductivity of aluminum to perform heat exchange, so that the low-temperature liquid hydrogen is vaporized into gas at a certain temperature.

[0039] A further preferred technical solution is that the heat exchange sleeve assembly further comprises a connector, which is used to fix the fins.

[0040] In summary, the present invention has the following benefits:

[0041] 1. The present invention is aimed at a large-flow high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer. In order to solve the problem of excessively high hydrogen outlet gas velocity, a dual-channel parallel pipeline layout is adopted to effectively solve the safety hazard that the hydrogen outlet velocity of the large-flow high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer is higher than the set value.

[0042] 2. The dual-channel vaporizer of the present invention can be evolved into a multi-channel vaporizer by adding modules. When the inner diameter of the pipeline reaches the boundary condition, the purpose of reducing the vaporizer outlet gas velocity and increasing the vaporization amount can be achieved by adding parallel pipelines.

[0043] 3. The dual-channel vaporizer of the present invention can be evolved into a multi-channel vaporizer by changing the specifications. When the inner diameter of the pipeline reaches the boundary condition, the purpose of adjusting the vaporizer outlet gas velocity can be achieved by switching different parallel pipelines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the upper part;

[0046] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of the lower part;

[0047] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top of the high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer of the present invention, wherein the vaporization pipeline is arranged according to the first embodiment;

[0048] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a liquid hydrogen storage tank;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-way valve in Example 1;

[0050] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-way valve in the second embodiment;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-way valve in Example 3;

[0052] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a heat exchange sleeve assembly;

[0053] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the internal components of a multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

[0054] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the various reference numerals are as follows: heat exchange sleeve assembly 2, vaporizer inlet 3, inlet multi-way valve 4, vaporization pipeline 5, outlet multi-way valve 6, liquid hydrogen storage tank 8, fin 201, connector 202, first inflow interface 401, first outflow interface 402, second inflow interface 601, second outflow interface 602. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 -Attached Figure 4 The basic structure of the high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer mainly includes the following parts:

[0058] 1. Heat exchanger: This is the core part of the high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer. Its main function is to transfer heat energy to heat the low-temperature liquid hydrogen to the vaporization temperature. The heat exchanger can use external heat sources such as ambient air, water or electric heating to heat the liquid hydrogen.

[0059] 2. Pressure regulation system: The pressure of liquid hydrogen will change during the vaporization process. The pressure regulation system is used to maintain and adjust the pressure of the output gas to ensure that it meets specific application standards and safety requirements.

[0060] 3. Liquid hydrogen storage tank: used for temporary storage of liquid hydrogen, connected at the input of the vaporizer. Liquid storage tanks are usually designed with a high degree of thermal insulation to minimize heat loss and evaporation of liquid hydrogen.

[0061] 4. Gas collection system: The vaporized hydrogen is transported to the point of use or further processing through the gas collection system. The system usually includes components such as pipelines, valves and possible compressors to control and regulate the gas flow.

[0062] 5. Control system: The control system is used to monitor and regulate the operating status of the vaporizer, including real-time monitoring of parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow, to ensure safe and efficient operation of the equipment.

[0063] 6. Safety devices: including safety valves, pressure relief devices, emergency shut-off valves, etc., which are used to protect the safety of equipment and operators under abnormal circumstances and prevent potential dangerous situations such as overpressure and overheating.

[0064] The heat exchanger includes a heat exchange sleeve assembly 2, in which a sleeve is provided for installing a vaporization pipe 5, which helps to achieve efficient heat exchange. Considering the extremely low temperature characteristics of liquid hydrogen and the permeability of hydrogen, the material of the heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 is usually selected from metals with good low temperature performance and sufficient mechanical strength, such as stainless steel. In order to increase the heat exchange efficiency, the surface of the heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 may be specially treated or designed, such as using corrugated, concave-convex design or adding tiny protrusions to increase the heat exchange area and improve the fluid flow characteristics.

[0065] The pressure regulating system includes an inlet multi-way valve 4, an outlet multi-way valve 6 and a control mechanism on the inlet multi-way valve 4. The control mechanism is operated by an electric or pneumatic actuator, the electric actuator is powered by an electric motor, and the pneumatic actuator is driven by compressed air.

[0066] The liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 has a double-layer container structure, the inner layer is used to store liquid hydrogen, and the outer layer plays a role of protection and insulation. There is a vacuum insulation layer between the two layers, which greatly reduces the input of external heat, thereby reducing the evaporation loss of liquid hydrogen. In addition, the liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 is equipped with a safety valve and a pressure release system, which can automatically open when the pressure reaches a preset threshold to release hydrogen and prevent the tank from over-pressurization.

[0067] Among them, the gas collection system also includes a buffer tank, which is an important component of the gas collection system. It is mainly used to temporarily store gas, balance and adjust system pressure, and ensure the stability of gas flow. The buffer tank is equipped with one or more inlets and outlets to allow gas to enter and exit.

[0068] The basic structures of the following embodiments are all based on the basic structure described in the above-mentioned high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer.

[0069] Embodiment 1

[0070] Reference Figure 4 , a multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, comprising:

[0071] A vaporizer inlet 3 is provided on a liquid hydrogen pump connected to a liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 and is used to release liquid hydrogen;

[0072] an inlet multi-way valve 4, wherein a first inlet interface 401 of the inlet multi-way valve 4 is connected to the vaporizer inlet 3 to allow fluid to pass therethrough, and the inlet multi-way valve 4 has a plurality of first outflow interfaces 402;

[0073] A vaporization pipeline 5, the inlet of which is connected to the first outflow interface 402 to allow fluid to pass through, and a plurality of vaporization pipelines 5 are provided and the number is the same as the number of the first outflow interfaces 402;

[0074] An outlet multi-way valve 6, wherein the outlet multi-way valve 6 has a second outflow interface 602 and a plurality of second inflow interfaces 601, wherein the second outflow interface 602 is connected to the buffer tank, and the second inflow interfaces 601 are connected to the outlet of the vaporization pipeline 5 and the number of the second inflow interfaces is the same as the number of the vaporization pipeline 5;

[0075] The inlet multi-way valve 4 is provided with a control mechanism to allow the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 to flow into the vaporization pipeline 5 from any one or more outflow interfaces at the same time.

[0076] The inlet multi-way valve 4 is provided with two first outflow interfaces 402 with the same specifications, the outlet multi-way valve 6 is provided with two second inflow interfaces 601 with the same specifications, and two vaporization pipelines 5 are provided with the same specifications.

[0077] The control mechanism of the inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled by a remote operation system.

[0078] The working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization volume is less than 1 / 2 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is used to control one line to be in a connected state and the other line to be in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization volume is between 1 / 2 and 1 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled to connect the two pipelines and work at the same time, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

[0079] The heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 includes fins 201 , and the fins 201 are used for heat exchange with the vaporization pipe 5 .

[0080] The heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 further includes a connector 202 .

[0081] The fins 201 are formed by extruding aluminum.

[0082] The above device was subjected to application tests as follows:

[0083] Application scenario 1: The actual vaporization volume is 6 / 10 times the rated vaporization volume. At this time, the inlet multi-way valve 4 of the three-way is controlled to connect the two pipelines and work at the same time. The hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank, so that the outlet gas speed is halved compared to the gas speed using a single pipeline.

[0084] Application scenario 2: The actual vaporization volume is 3 / 10 times the rated vaporization volume. At this time, the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 controls one way to be in a connected state and the other way to be in a silent state, entering the buffer tank, so that the outlet gas speed is equivalent to the gas speed using a single pipeline.

[0085] Embodiment 2

[0086] A multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, comprising:

[0087] a vaporizer inlet 3, which is arranged on the liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 and is used to release the liquid hydrogen;

[0088] an inlet multi-way valve 4, wherein a first inlet interface 401 of the inlet multi-way valve 4 is connected to the vaporizer inlet 3 to allow fluid to pass therethrough, and the inlet multi-way valve 4 has a plurality of first outflow interfaces 402;

[0089] A vaporization pipeline 5, the inlet of which is connected to the first outflow interface 402 to allow fluid to pass through, and a plurality of vaporization pipelines 5 are provided and the number is the same as the number of the first outflow interfaces 402;

[0090] An outlet multi-way valve 6, wherein the outlet multi-way valve 6 has a second outflow interface 602 and a plurality of second inflow interfaces 601, wherein the second outflow interface 602 is connected to the buffer tank, and the second inflow interfaces 601 are connected to the outlet of the vaporization pipeline 5 and the number of the second inflow interfaces is the same as the number of the vaporization pipeline 5;

[0091] The inlet multi-way valve 4 is provided with a control mechanism to allow the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 to flow into the vaporization pipeline 5 from any one or more outflow interfaces at the same time.

[0092] The inlet multi-way valve 4 is provided with three first outflow interfaces 402 of the same specification, the outlet multi-way valve 6 is provided with three second inflow interfaces 601 of the same specification, and three vaporization pipelines 5 are provided with the same specification.

[0093] The control mechanism of the inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled by a remote operation system.

[0094] The working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization amount is less than 1 / 3 of the rated vaporization amount, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is used to control one way to be in a connected state and the other way to be in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization amount is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 times the rated vaporization amount, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled to connect the two pipelines and work at the same time, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank; in state three, the vaporization amount is between 2 / 3 and 1 times the rated vaporization amount, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled to connect the three pipelines and work at the same time, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

[0095] The heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 includes fins 201 , and the fins 201 are used for heat exchange with the vaporization pipe 5 .

[0096] The heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 further includes a connector 202 .

[0097] The fins are formed by extruding an aluminum material.

[0098] The above device was subjected to application tests as follows:

[0099] Application scenario 3: The actual vaporization volume is 1 / 2 times the rated vaporization volume. At this time, the inlet multi-way valve 4 of the three-way is controlled to connect the two pipelines and work at the same time. The hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank, so that the outlet gas speed is halved compared to the gas speed using a single pipeline.

[0100] Application scenario 4: The actual vaporization volume is 8 / 10 times the rated vaporization volume. At this time, the three pipelines are connected through the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 and work simultaneously. The hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank, so that the outlet gas velocity is reduced to 1 / 3 compared with the gas velocity using a single pipeline.

[0101] Embodiment 3

[0102] A multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, comprising:

[0103] a vaporizer inlet 3, which is arranged on the liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 and is used to release the liquid hydrogen;

[0104] an inlet multi-way valve 4, wherein a first inlet interface 401 of the inlet multi-way valve 4 is connected to the vaporizer inlet 3 to allow fluid to pass therethrough, and the inlet multi-way valve 4 has a plurality of first outflow interfaces 402;

[0105] A vaporization pipeline 5, the inlet of which is connected to the first outflow interface 402 to allow fluid to pass through, and a plurality of vaporization pipelines 5 are provided and the number is the same as the number of the first outflow interfaces 402;

[0106] An outlet multi-way valve 6, wherein the outlet multi-way valve 6 has a second outflow interface 602 and a plurality of second inflow interfaces 601, wherein the second outflow interface 602 is connected to the buffer tank, and the second inflow interfaces 601 are connected to the outlet of the vaporization pipeline 5 and the number of the second inflow interfaces is the same as the number of the vaporization pipeline 5;

[0107] The inlet multi-way valve 4 is provided with a control mechanism to allow the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank 8 to flow into the vaporization pipeline 5 from any one or more outflow interfaces at the same time.

[0108] The inlet multi-way valve 4 is provided with two first outflow interfaces 402, which are respectively the first outflow interfaces 402 of larger specifications and the first outflow interfaces 402 of smaller specifications. The outlet multi-way valve 6 is provided with two second inflow interfaces 601, which are respectively the second inflow interfaces 601 of larger specifications and the second inflow interfaces 601 of smaller specifications. The vaporization pipeline 5 is provided with two, which are respectively the pipeline of larger specifications and the pipeline of smaller specifications. The two ends of the pipeline of larger specifications are respectively connected to the first outflow interface 402 of larger specifications and the second inflow interface 601 of larger specifications. The two ends of the pipeline of smaller specifications are respectively connected to the first outflow interface 402 of smaller specifications and the second inflow interface 601 of smaller specifications. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline of smaller specifications perpendicular to the fluid flow direction is 1 / 2 of that of the pipeline of larger specifications.

[0109] The control mechanism of the inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled by a remote operation system.

[0110] The working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization volume is less than 1 / 3 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is used to control the pipeline with a smaller specification to be in a connected state, and the other is in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization volume is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled to make the pipeline with a larger specification in a connected state, and the other is in a silent state; in state three, the vaporization volume is between 2 / 3 and 1 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 is controlled to make the two pipelines connected and work simultaneously, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

[0111] The heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 includes fins 201 , and the fins 201 are used for heat exchange with the vaporization pipe 5 .

[0112] The heat exchange sleeve assembly 2 further includes a connector 202 .

[0113] The fins are formed by extruding an aluminum material.

[0114] The above device was subjected to application tests as follows:

[0115] Application scenario 5: The actual vaporization volume is 1 / 2 times the rated vaporization volume. At this time, the larger channel is controlled by the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 to be in a connected state, so that the outlet gas speed is halved compared to the gas speed using a single pipeline.

[0116] Application scenario 6: The actual vaporization volume is 8 / 10 times the rated vaporization volume. At this time, the two pipelines are connected through the three-way inlet multi-way valve 4 and work at the same time. The hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

[0117] In addition, the same or similar element symbols are used to refer to the same or similar parts or steps in the drawings and descriptions as much as possible. The drawings are presented in simplified form and are not drawn to exact scale. For convenience and clarity only, directional terms such as top, bottom, left, right, upward, above, above, below, below, behind, and in front may be used with respect to the drawings. These and similar directional terms should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present disclosure in any way.

Claims

1. A multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer, characterized in that: include: A vaporizer inlet (3) is arranged on a liquid hydrogen pump connected to a liquid hydrogen storage tank (8) and is used to release liquid hydrogen; An inlet multi-way valve (4), wherein a first inlet interface of the inlet multi-way valve (4) is connected to the vaporizer inlet (3) to allow fluid to pass through, and has a plurality of first outflow interfaces; A vaporization pipeline (5), the inlet of the vaporization pipeline (5) being connected to the first outlet interface to allow fluid to pass through, and a plurality of vaporization pipelines (5) are provided and the number is the same as the number of the first outlet interfaces; An outlet multi-way valve (6), the outlet multi-way valve (6) having a second outflow interface and a plurality of second inflow interfaces, the second outflow interface being connected to the buffer tank, and the second inflow interfaces being connected to the outflow outlet of the vaporization pipeline (5) and the number of the second inflow interfaces being the same as the number of the vaporization pipelines (5); A heat exchange sleeve assembly (2) is sleeved on the vaporization pipe (5) and is used to perform heat exchange on the vaporization pipe (5); The inlet multi-way valve (4) is provided with a control mechanism to allow the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (8) to flow into the vaporization pipeline (5) from any one or more first outflow interfaces simultaneously; The control mechanism of the inlet multi-way valve (4) is controlled by a remote operating system; When two vaporization pipelines (5) are provided, one of which is larger and the other is smaller, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the pipeline of the smaller specification in the vertical direction of fluid flow is 1 / 2 of that of the pipeline of the larger specification, the working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization volume is less than 1 / 3 times the rated vaporization volume, and the pipeline of the smaller specification is controlled by the three-way inlet multi-way valve (4) to be in a connected state, and the other is in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization volume is between 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve (4) is controlled to make the pipeline of the larger specification in a connected state, and the other is in a silent state; in state three, the vaporization volume is between 2 / 3 and 1 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve (4) is controlled to make the two pipelines connected and work simultaneously, and the hydrogen converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

2. A multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet multi-way valve (4) is provided with two first outflow interfaces with the same specifications, the outlet multi-way valve (6) is provided with two second inflow interfaces with the same specifications, and two vaporization pipelines (5) are provided with the same specifications.

3. A multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet multi-way valve (4) is provided with two first outflow interfaces, which are respectively a first outflow interface of a larger specification and a first outflow interface of a smaller specification; the outlet multi-way valve (6) is provided with two second inflow interfaces, which are respectively a second inflow interface of a larger specification and a second inflow interface of a smaller specification; the vaporization pipeline (5) is provided with two, which are respectively a pipeline of a larger specification and a pipeline of a smaller specification; the two ends of the pipeline of a larger specification are respectively connected to the first outflow interface of a larger specification and the second inflow interface of a larger specification; the two ends of the pipeline of a smaller specification are respectively connected to the first outflow interface of a smaller specification and the second inflow interface of a smaller specification.

4. The multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet multi-way valve (4) is provided with three first outflow interfaces with the same specifications, the outlet multi-way valve (6) is provided with three second inflow interfaces with the same specifications, and three vaporization pipelines (5) are provided with the same specifications.

5. The multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: When two vaporization pipelines (5) are provided and have the same specifications, the working principle of the remote operation system is as follows: in state one, the vaporization volume is less than 1 / 2 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve (4) is used to control one of the pipelines to be in a connected state and the other pipeline to be in a silent state; in state two, the vaporization volume is between 1 / 2 and 1 times the rated vaporization volume, and the three-way inlet multi-way valve (4) is controlled to connect the two pipelines and operate simultaneously, and the hydrogen gas converges at the outlet and enters the buffer tank.

6. The multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange sleeve assembly (2) comprises fins (201), and the fins (201) are used to perform heat exchange with the vaporization pipe (5).

7. A multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fin (201) is formed by extruding an aluminum material.

8. The multi-channel variable flow rate high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporizer according to claim 6, characterized in that: The heat exchange sleeve assembly (2) also includes a connector (202).

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