Ore crushing device and mineral pre-selection method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of crushed ore, and the present application discloses an ore crushing device and a mineral preselection method, wherein a base is installed in the crushing box of the device, a support plate is arranged above the base, and a support spring is arranged between the support plate and the base; a force plate is arranged above the support plate, and the telescopic end of the lower end of the telescopic device is connected to the upper end of the force plate, and a plurality of force surfaces are arranged on the lower surface of the force plate, and the plurality of force surfaces are located at different heights in the vertical direction, and the spacing between the plurality of force surfaces and the support plate decreases along the direction of ore movement, and a discharge port is formed between the lower end of the force plate and the support plate, and the height of the discharge port is adapted to the size of the target ore, and a collection frame is arranged at the discharge port of the crushing box; a shock wave generator is arranged on the side wall of the crushing box, and the output window of the shock wave generator is located outside the ore crushing space. The present application solves the problems of easy blockage of the fine crushing chamber and high energy consumption of crushing and grinding in the traditional crushing process in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of ore crushing, and specifically relates to an ore crushing device and a mineral preselection method. Background Art

[0002] In the development of domestic mineral resources, minerals are processed based on the traditional mineral processing technology of "crushing-grinding-ore dressing". The crushing and grinding processes are implemented by mechanical equipment. Therefore, the fine crushing chamber of the mechanical equipment is easily blocked. At the same time, the crushing and grinding process has prominent problems such as high energy consumption, serious over-crushing, and subsequent resource loss, which makes it difficult to meet the existing mineral production needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an ore crushing device and a mineral preselection method, thereby solving the problems of easy blockage of the fine crushing chamber and high energy consumption of crushing and grinding in the traditional crushing process in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an ore crushing device, including a crushing box, a base, a support plate, a force application plate, a telescopic device, a collection frame and a shock wave generator;

[0005] The base is installed at the bottom of the crushing box, the top surface of the base is tilted downward, and the tilt direction of the top surface of the base is the direction of ore movement;

[0006] The support plate is arranged above the base, the support plate and the top surface of the base are arranged in parallel, and a support spring is arranged between the support plate and the base;

[0007] The force-applying plate is arranged above the support plate, the telescopic device is arranged above the force-applying plate, the telescopic end of the lower end of the telescopic device is connected to the upper end of the force-applying plate, a plurality of force-applying surfaces are arranged on the lower surface of the force-applying plate, the plurality of force-applying surfaces are located at different heights in the vertical direction, the spacing between the plurality of force-applying surfaces and the support plate decreases along the ore movement direction, and the space between the force-applying surfaces and the support plate is the ore crushing space;

[0008] A discharge port is formed between the lower end of the force application plate and the lower end of the support plate, the height of the discharge port is adapted to the size of the target ore, and the crushing box is provided with the collection frame at the discharge port;

[0009] The shock wave generator is arranged on the side wall of the crushing box, and the output window of the shock wave generator is located outside the ore crushing space.

[0010] In a possible implementation, each of the force-applying surfaces is an inclined surface, and the distance between each of the force-applying surfaces and the support plate increases along the moving direction of the ore.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the top surface of the support plate is a curved surface;

[0012] Along the moving direction of the ore, the height of the center of the top surface of the support plate is lower than the heights of both sides of the top surface of the support plate.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a plurality of support bars are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the support plate, and the length direction of the support bars is parallel to the movement direction of the ore;

[0014] A plurality of top cone groups are arranged at intervals on the force application surface of the force application plate, the plurality of top cone groups and the plurality of support bars are arranged alternately, and each of the top cone groups includes a plurality of top cones arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the ore.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the inner wall of the crushing box is provided with a reflection groove, and the bottom surface of the reflection groove is a parabola;

[0016] An equipment hole is provided on the upper part of the side wall of the crushing box, and the equipment hole is connected to the reflection groove;

[0017] The shock wave generator comprises a mounting rod, an electrode holder and a metal wire, wherein two electrode holders are arranged at the lower end of the mounting rod, and two ends of the metal wire are connected to the two electrode holders;

[0018] The lower end of the mounting rod passes through the equipment hole and then extends into the reflection groove, and the metal wire is located at the focus of the parabola.

[0019] In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a mineral pre-selection method, which uses the above ore crushing device and includes the following steps:

[0020] Pour water into the crushing box so that the water level is higher than the highest force application surface;

[0021] Placing the ore on the upper end of the support plate, and allowing the ore to slide down to below the first force-applying surface of the force-applying plate under the action of gravity;

[0022] The shock wave generator is started, and the shock wave generator generates shock waves and acts on the ore to break the ore or generate cracks;

[0023] Start the telescopic device, the telescopic device drives the force plate downward through the telescopic end, and the force plate drives the support plate downward through the ore. When the support spring is compressed to the lowest point, the force plate and the support plate begin to squeeze the ore, so that the ore is broken along its cracks. The telescopic end of the telescopic device automatically resets after reaching the lowest point;

[0024] When the support spring is reset, the support plate shakes up and down, and the crushed ore slides under the action of gravity and shaking. The ore with a height less than the distance between the second force-applying surface and the support plate enters under the second force-applying surface;

[0025] Repeat the above operation until all the crushed ores pass through the discharge port and enter the collection frame.

[0026] In a possible implementation, when the force-applying plate and the support plate squeeze the ore, the ore tends to move downward because the distance between the force-applying surface and the support plate increases along the direction of ore movement.

[0027] In a possible implementation, the height of the center of the top surface of the support plate is lower than the heights of both sides of the top surface of the support plate, so that the crushed ore moves toward and gathers at the center of the top surface of the support plate.

[0028] In a possible implementation, when the force-applying plate and the support plate squeeze the ore, the support bar supports the lower part of the ore, and the multiple top cones apply force from the upper part of the ore.

[0029] In a possible implementation, when the shock wave generator is started, high voltage direct current is passed through two electrode holders. After the high voltage direct current is loaded onto the metal wire, the metal wire is electrically exploded to form a shock wave, a part of the shock wave acts directly on the ore, and another part of the shock wave acts on the ore after being reflected by the parabola;

[0030] Then move the shock wave generator upward, replace the new metal wire, and reset the shock wave generator.

[0031] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0032] The embodiment of the present invention provides an ore crushing device and a mineral preselection method. The multiple force-applying surfaces of the force-applying plate of the device form a step shape, and different ore crushing spaces of different heights are formed between different force-applying surfaces and support plates. After the ore is crushed, it will enter a certain ore crushing space when its height is lower than that of the ore crushing space. During the ore crushing process, the volume of the ore continues to decrease, so the ore will gradually enter the next ore crushing space until all the ores are crushed. When the ore height is less than the height of the discharge port, the ore passes through the discharge port and is collected in the collection frame. The steps formed by the force-applying surface of the force-applying plate have the function of size classification and screening of the ore, so that the ore within the set height range stays in a certain ore crushing space and waits for the next crushing. The telescopic device drives the force-applying plate to apply force to the ore and crush it. The force-applying plate can crush the ores in multiple ore crushing spaces at the same time, because there is no need to crush the ores in the ore crushing space separately, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. The support plate is tilted, and the crushed ore can move toward the discharge port under the action of its own weight and the support spring. Therefore, the device also has the function of automatically transporting the crushed ore. The device has good crushing effect, simple structure and easy maintenance.

[0033] The crushed ore slides under the action of gravity and shaking, and then the ore with a height less than the distance between the second force-applying surface and the support plate enters under the second force-applying surface. Of course, the ore with a height less than the distance between the third force-applying surface and the support plate will enter under the third force-applying surface, and so on. The ore with a height less than the discharge port enters the collection frame. During the next operation, the crushed ore will also move in the above manner until all the ores pass through the discharge port and enter the collection frame. The ore in the collection frame can be separated into coarse ore and concentrate by an ore sorting device, and the coarse ore and concentrate are separated and enter the next step. The present invention utilizes a force plate for pressing the ore to realize the screening and grading of the ore, and utilizes an inclined support plate to allow the ore to move by itself. Therefore, the method is highly operational, easy to implement, and has a good crushing effect and high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an ore crushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of an ore crushing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 for Figure 2 AA section view.

[0038] Figure markings: 1-crushing box; 2-base; 3-support plate; 4-support spring; 5-force plate; 6-telescopic device; 7-discharge port; 8-collection frame; 9-shock wave generator; 10-support bar; 11-top cone; 12-reflection groove; 13-force surface; 14-equipment hole; 15-mounting rod; 16-electrode seat; 17-metal wire; 18-baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the ore crushing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a crushing box 1, a base 2, a support plate 3, a force application plate 5, a telescopic device 6, a collection frame 8 and a shock wave generator 9.

[0042] A base 2 is installed at the bottom of the crushing box 1. The top surface of the base 2 is tilted downward, and the tilt direction of the top surface of the base 2 is the direction of ore movement.

[0043] The support plate 3 is arranged above the base 2 , the support plate 3 and the top surface of the base 2 are arranged in parallel, and a support spring 4 is arranged between the support plate 3 and the base 2 .

[0044] The force plate 5 is arranged above the support plate 3, the telescopic device 6 is arranged above the force plate 5, the telescopic end of the lower end of the telescopic device 6 is connected to the upper end of the force plate 5, and a plurality of force surfaces 13 are arranged on the lower surface of the force plate 5. The plurality of force surfaces 13 are located at different heights in the vertical direction, and the spacing between the plurality of force surfaces 13 and the support plate 3 decreases along the direction of ore movement, and the space between the force surfaces 13 and the support plate 3 is an ore crushing space.

[0045] A discharge port 7 is formed between the lower end of the force applying plate 5 and the lower end of the supporting plate 3 . The height of the discharge port 7 is adapted to the size of the target ore. The crushing box 1 is provided with a collecting frame 8 at the discharge port 7 .

[0046] A shock wave generator 9 is provided on the side wall of the crushing box 1, and an output window of the shock wave generator 9 is located outside the ore crushing space.

[0047] It should be noted that the crushing box 1 can be installed on the ground or at a set height according to actual conditions. The left side of the crushing box 1 is the feed end, and the right side is the discharge end. The base 2 is mainly used for the installation of the support plate 3. The left side of the base 2 is high and the right side is low. The direction of ore movement is the inclination direction of the top surface, and the direction of ore movement is from the upper left to the lower right. The crushing box 1 is provided with a water inlet and a drain. The upper part of the crushing box 1 is provided with a movable cover to prevent water from splashing. The telescopic device 6 can adopt a hydraulic telescopic device, and the telescopic device 6 is used to drive the force plate 5 to move up and down.

[0048] The shock wave generated by the shock wave generator 9 acts on the ore, causing cracks to form inside the ore, thereby crushing the ore or reducing its overall strength, so that the telescopic device 6 can subsequently drive the force plate 5 to force and crush the ore.

[0049] The multiple force-applying surfaces 13 of the force-applying plate 5 form a step shape, and different ore crushing spaces of different heights are formed between different force-applying surfaces 13 and the support plate 3. After the ore is crushed, it will enter a certain ore crushing space when its height is lower than that of the ore crushing space. During the ore crushing process, the volume of the ore continues to decrease, so the ore will gradually enter the next ore crushing space until all the ores are crushed. When the ore height is less than the height of the discharge port 7, the ore passes through the discharge port 7 and is collected in the collection frame 8. The steps formed by the force-applying surface 13 of the force-applying plate 5 have the function of grading and screening the ore by size, so that the ore within the set height range stays in a certain ore crushing space and waits for the next crushing. The telescopic device 6 drives the force-applying plate 5 to apply force to the ore and crush it. The force-applying plate 5 can crush the ores in multiple ore crushing spaces at the same time, because there is no need to crush the ores in the ore crushing space separately, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. The support plate 3 is tilted, and the crushed ore can move toward the discharge port 7 under the action of its own weight and the support spring 4. Therefore, the device also has the function of automatically transporting the crushed ore. The device has good crushing effect, simple structure and easy maintenance.

[0050] In this embodiment, each force-applying surface 13 is an inclined surface, and the distance between each force-applying surface 13 and the support plate 3 increases gradually along the ore moving direction.

[0051] In this embodiment, a baffle 18 is provided around the support plate 3 , and the baffle 18 and the support plate 3 form a cover structure with an open lower end, and the cover structure is sleeved on the base 2 .

[0052] It should be noted that a flexible rubber strip is provided between the baffle 18 and the inner wall of the crushing box 1. The flexible rubber strip is located at the upper end of the baffle 18. The flexible rubber strip can block the gap between the baffle 18 and the crushing box 1, so that the crushed ore falls back onto the support plate 3, avoiding the crushed ore from being stuck in the gap between the baffle 18 and the crushing box 1.

[0053] In this embodiment, the top surface of the support plate 3 is a curved surface;

[0054] Along the ore moving direction, the height of the center of the top surface of the support plate 3 is lower than the heights of both sides of the top surface of the support plate 3 .

[0055] In this embodiment, a plurality of support bars 10 are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the support plate 3, and the length direction of the support bars 10 is parallel to the moving direction of the ore.

[0056] A plurality of top cone groups are arranged at intervals on the force applying surface 13 of the force applying plate 5. The plurality of top cone groups and the plurality of support bars 10 are arranged alternately. Each top cone group includes a plurality of top cone bodies 11 arranged at intervals along the moving direction of the ore.

[0057] It should be noted that each set of top cones is arranged in a straight line, and the straight line formed by each set of top cones is parallel to the direction of ore movement. The straight line formed by each set of top cones and the support bars 10 are arranged alternately to crush the crushed stone and reduce the probability of forming ore with a larger width and a smaller height.

[0058] In this embodiment, a reflection groove 12 is provided on the inner wall of the crushing box 1, and the bottom surface of the reflection groove 12 is a parabola.

[0059] An equipment hole 14 is provided at the upper portion of the side wall of the crushing box 1 , and the equipment hole 14 is communicated with the reflection groove 12 .

[0060] The shock wave generator 9 includes a mounting rod 15 , an electrode holder 16 and a metal wire 17 . Two electrode holders 16 are provided at the lower end of the mounting rod 15 , and two ends of the metal wire 17 are connected to the two electrode holders 16 .

[0061] The lower end of the mounting rod 15 passes through the equipment hole 14 and extends into the reflection groove 12. The metal wire 17 is located at the focus of the parabola.

[0062] It should be noted that the metal wire 17 is located at the focus of the parabola, so part of the shock wave generated is reflected by the parabola to form a plane wave, thereby better crushing the ore. The equipment hole 14 is used for the installation of the shock wave generator 9, so that the metal wire 17 can be replaced after the shock wave generator 9 is removed. A high-voltage cable connected to the electrode holder 16 is arranged in the mounting rod 15.

[0063] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a mineral pre-selection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned ore crushing device and includes the following steps:

[0064] Water is poured into the crushing box 1 so that the height of the water is higher than the force application surface 13 at the highest point.

[0065] The ore is placed on the upper end of the support plate 3 , and the ore slides down to below the first force applying surface 13 of the force applying plate 5 under the action of gravity.

[0066] The shock wave generator 9 is started, and the shock wave generator 9 generates shock waves and acts on the ore, so that the ore is broken or cracked.

[0067] Start the telescopic device 6, which drives the force plate 5 downward through the telescopic end. The force plate 5 drives the support plate 3 downward through the ore. When the support spring 4 is compressed to the lowest point, the force plate 5 and the support plate 3 begin to squeeze the ore, causing the ore to break along its cracks. The telescopic end of the telescopic device 6 automatically resets after reaching the lowest point.

[0068] When the support spring 4 is reset, the support plate 3 swings up and down, and the crushed ore slides under the action of gravity and the swing. The ore with a height less than the distance between the second force-applying surface 13 and the support plate 3 enters under the second force-applying surface 13.

[0069] The above operation is repeated until all the crushed ores pass through the discharge port 7 and enter the collection frame 8.

[0070] It should be noted that the crushed ore slides under the action of gravity and shaking, and then the ore with a height less than the distance between the second force-applying surface 13 and the support plate 3 enters below the second force-applying surface 13. Of course, the ore with a height less than the distance between the third force-applying surface 13 and the support plate 3 will enter below the third force-applying surface 13. By analogy, the ore with a height less than the discharge port 7 enters the collection frame 8. During the next operation, the crushed ore will also move in the above manner until all the ores pass through the discharge port 7 and enter the collection frame 8. The ore in the collection frame 8 can be separated into coarse ore and concentrate by an ore sorting device, and the coarse ore and concentrate are separated and enter the next step. The present invention uses the force plate 5 for pressing the ore to realize the screening and grading of the ore, and uses the inclined support plate 3 to make the ore move by itself. Therefore, the method is easy to operate, easy to implement, and has good crushing effect and high efficiency.

[0071] In this embodiment, when the force-applying plate 5 and the support plate 3 squeeze the ore, since the distance between the force-applying surface 13 and the support plate 3 increases along the moving direction of the ore, the ore has a tendency to move downward.

[0072] It should be noted that the distance between each force-applying surface 13 and the support plate 3 increases along the direction of ore movement, so that the ore before crushing has a tendency to move in the direction of ore movement, or even directly move downward, thereby promoting the ore to move in the direction of ore movement. Such a setting can promote the ore to reach the next ore crushing space and reduce the probability of ore blockage.

[0073] In this embodiment, the height of the center of the top surface of the support plate 3 is lower than the heights of both sides of the top surface of the support plate 3 , so the crushed ore moves to the center of the top surface of the support plate 3 and gathers.

[0074] It should be noted that such a configuration reduces the probability of crushed stones sliding out from both sides of the support plate 3 on the one hand, and gathers the crushed stones at the center of the support plate 3 on the other hand, and crushes the crushed stones centrally through the force plate 5 to improve the crushing efficiency.

[0075] In this embodiment, when the force-applying plate 5 and the support plate 3 squeeze the ore, the support bar 10 supports the lower part of the ore, and the plurality of top cones 11 apply force from the upper part of the ore.

[0076] It should be noted that the support bars 10 and the top cone 11 can increase the pressure applied to the ore, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. The staggered arrangement of the support bars 10 and the top cone group can avoid the formation of ore with a larger width and a smaller height.

[0077] In this embodiment, when the shock wave generator 9 is started, high voltage direct current is passed into the two electrode holders 16. After the high voltage direct current is loaded onto the metal wire 17, the metal wire 17 is electrically exploded to form a shock wave. A part of the shock wave acts directly on the ore, and the other part of the shock wave acts on the ore after being reflected by the parabola.

[0078] Then the shock wave generator 9 is moved upwards, and after the new metal wire 17 is replaced, the shock wave generator 9 is reset.

[0079] It should be noted that the shock wave generator 9 is convenient for replacing the metal wire 17 and can also perform shock wave operation on the ore. The shock wave generators 9 are arranged on both sides of the crushing box 1 so that the ore can be crushed evenly.

[0080] In this embodiment, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from which point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and therefore it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention.

Claims

1. An ore crushing device, characterized in that: It comprises a crushing box (1), a base (2), a support plate (3), a force application plate (5), a telescopic device (6), a collection frame (8) and a shock wave generator (9); The base (2) is installed at the bottom of the crushing box (1), the top surface of the base (2) is arranged to be inclined downward, and the inclination direction of the top surface of the base (2) is the direction of movement of the ore; The support plate (3) is arranged above the base (2), the support plate (3) and the top surface of the base (2) are arranged in parallel, and a support spring (4) is arranged between the support plate (3) and the base (2); The force-applying plate (5) is arranged above the support plate (3), the telescopic device (6) is arranged above the force-applying plate (5), the telescopic end of the lower end of the telescopic device (6) is connected to the upper end of the force-applying plate (5), a plurality of force-applying surfaces (13) are arranged on the lower surface of the force-applying plate (5), the plurality of force-applying surfaces (13) are located at different heights in the vertical direction, the spacing between the plurality of force-applying surfaces (13) and the support plate (3) decreases along the direction of movement of the ore, and the space between the force-applying surfaces (13) and the support plate (3) is an ore crushing space; A discharge port (7) is formed between the lower end of the force application plate (5) and the lower end of the support plate (3); the height of the discharge port (7) is adapted to the size of the target ore; and the crushing box (1) is provided with the collection frame (8) at the discharge port (7); The side wall of the crushing box (1) is provided with the shock wave generator (9), and the output window of the shock wave generator (9) is located outside the ore crushing space; Each of the force-applying surfaces (13) is an inclined surface, and the distance between each of the force-applying surfaces (13) and the support plate (3) increases gradually along the direction of movement of the ore; A plurality of support bars (10) are arranged at intervals on the top surface of the support plate (3), and the length direction of the support bars (10) is parallel to the movement direction of the ore; A plurality of top cone groups are arranged at intervals on the force application surface (13) of the force application plate (5), the plurality of top cone groups and the plurality of support bars (10) are arranged in a staggered manner, and each of the top cone groups comprises a plurality of top cone bodies (11) arranged at intervals along the direction of movement of the ore; The inner wall of the crushing box (1) is provided with a reflection groove (12), and the bottom surface of the reflection groove (12) is a parabola; An equipment hole (14) is provided at the upper portion of the side wall of the crushing box (1), and the equipment hole (14) is in communication with the reflection groove (12); The shock wave generator (9) comprises a mounting rod (15), an electrode holder (16) and a metal wire (17); two electrode holders (16) are arranged at the lower end of the mounting rod (15); and two ends of the metal wire (17) are connected to the two electrode holders (16); The lower end of the mounting rod (15) passes through the equipment hole (14) and extends into the reflection groove (12), and the metal wire (17) is located at the focus of the parabola.

2. The ore crushing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top surface of the support plate (3) is a curved surface; Along the direction of movement of the ore, the height of the center of the top surface of the support plate (3) is lower than the heights of both sides of the top surface of the support plate (3).

3. A mineral preselection method, characterized in that: The ore crushing device according to any one of claims 1 to 2 is used, comprising the following steps: Filling water into the crushing box (1) so that the water level is higher than the highest force application surface (13); Placing the ore on the upper end of the support plate (3), so that the ore slides down to below the first force-applying surface (13) of the force-applying plate (5) under the action of gravity; The shock wave generator (9) is started, and the shock wave generator (9) generates shock waves and acts on the ore, so that the ore is broken or cracked; The telescopic device (6) is started, and the telescopic device (6) drives the force plate (5) to move downward through the telescopic end, and the force plate (5) drives the support plate (3) to move downward through the ore. When the support spring (4) is compressed to the lowest point, the force plate (5) and the support plate (3) begin to squeeze the ore, so that the ore is broken along the cracks, and the telescopic end of the telescopic device (6) automatically resets after reaching the lowest point; When the support spring (4) is reset, the support plate (3) is caused to shake up and down, and the crushed ore slides under the action of gravity and shaking, and the ore whose height is less than the distance between the second force-applying surface (13) and the support plate (3) enters below the second force-applying surface (13); The above operation is repeated until all the crushed ores pass through the discharge port (7) and enter the collection frame (8).

4. The mineral pre-selection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the force-applying plate (5) and the support plate (3) squeeze the ore, the ore has a tendency to move downward because the distance between the force-applying surface (13) and the support plate (3) increases along the direction of movement of the ore.

5. The mineral pre-selection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The height of the center of the top surface of the support plate (3) is lower than the heights of both sides of the top surface of the support plate (3), so the crushed ore moves toward the center of the top surface of the support plate (3) and gathers.

6. The mineral pre-selection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the force-applying plate (5) and the support plate (3) squeeze the ore, the support bar (10) supports the lower part of the ore, and the plurality of top cones (11) apply force from the upper part of the ore.

7. The mineral pre-selection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the shock wave generator (9) is started, high voltage direct current is passed into the two electrode holders (16). After the high voltage direct current is loaded onto the metal wire (17), the metal wire (17) is electrically exploded to form a shock wave, a part of the shock wave directly acts on the ore, and another part of the shock wave acts on the ore after being reflected by the parabola; Then the shock wave generator (9) is moved upwards, and after the new metal wire (17) is replaced, the shock wave generator (9) is reset.

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