Water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system

Abstract

In the water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system of the present invention, in the safety analysis and early warning device, a comparative analysis module is used to obtain the pressure signal of the current measuring point, and controllably amplify it. When it is abnormal, the analog analysis module is entered to receive the water flow electrical signal and the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point, and the pressure signal of the current measuring point is calculated. When it is abnormal, the ground signal enters the analog analysis module. When both are abnormal, the red light indication is driven to perform qualitative early warning, which can ensure that the pressure detection prediction in the pressure measuring tube is accurate. A dual-parameter evaluation module is used to calculate the deviation of the current measuring point pressure signal from the standard value, and the deviation of the change rate of the current measuring point pressure signal from the tolerable change rate signal is calculated. Finally, the two deviation signals are coupled and used as the basis for the pressure regulating valve to regulate the pressure within the adjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system. Within the unadjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system, according to the deviation, the three-level alarm is repaired, the valve is closed, and the danger alarm is alarmed, so as to facilitate timely discovery of abnormal conditions and take measures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy dam engineering, and in particular relates to a water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system. Background Art

[0002] Dam seepage in water conservancy refers to the phenomenon that when the high water level lasts for a long time during the flood season, under the action of seepage pressure, the water in front of the dam penetrates into the dam through the pores, cracks and other channels inside the dam. Long-term seepage may cause great damage to the dam. Therefore, how to effectively monitor and control seepage is an important issue in water conservancy projects.

[0003] The existing technology adopts the method of installing water pressure sensors at multiple points inside the dam or at the dam foundation to monitor the seepage pressure of the dam body for a long time. The flow sensors installed at multiple points can monitor the seepage flow of the dam in real time. Through real-time monitoring and analysis of data, leakage problems inside the dam can be discovered in time. Pressure regulating valves are installed in the water conservancy system downstream of the dam or in the surrounding area to timely adjust the flow and pressure of water, which indirectly affects the seepage situation. However, it only analyzes and processes the data detected at a single measurement point and a single time point, and there are interference and measurement errors. In addition, there is no further analysis and tracking of historical data and multi-point data. It is impossible to detect and predict the pressure and flow parameters reflecting the seepage, and it is impossible to detect abnormal situations in time and take measures to reduce the risk of accidents. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system, which performs qualitative early warning through comparative analysis and analogy analysis, and uses two deviation signal coupling to perform three-level alarm repair, valve closing, and dangerous situation alarm, so as to facilitate timely detection of abnormal situations and take measures.

[0005] The technical scheme includes a water pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a safety analysis and early warning device, a pressure regulating valve and a three-level alarm. The water pressure sensor and the flow sensor are arranged in the dam or at the dam foundation. The water pressure sensor detects the water pressure in the pressure measuring tube and infers the existence and trend of seepage through the change of water pressure. The flow sensor detects the flow of water in the pressure measuring tube and infers the existence and trend of seepage through the change of flow. The pressure regulating valve is arranged downstream of the dam or in the surrounding water conservancy system to adjust the flow and pressure of water and indirectly affect the seepage situation. The current measuring point pressure signal and the water flow electrical signal then enter the safety analysis and early warning device. After amplification and conditioning, the detected and calculated current measuring point pressure signal is first compared and analyzed with the upper and lower thresholds within the pipe pressure range respectively, and the two are combined for analog analysis. After eliminating the disturbance, a qualitative early warning is issued, and the deviation of the current measuring point pressure signal from the standard value and the change rate of the current measuring point pressure signal are obtained, and the pressure regulating valve is used to adjust the pressure, the three-level alarm is repaired, the valve is closed, and a dangerous situation alarm is issued.

[0006] Preferably, the analog analysis module includes a photocoupler U1, pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to a power supply of +5V, pin 3 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of a grounded electrolytic capacitor E1 and the negative electrode of a voltage regulator tube SV2, and the positive electrode output signal of the voltage regulator tube SV2 is transmitted to the alarm to drive a red light indication for qualitative warning.

[0007] Preferably, the dual-parameter evaluation module includes a thyristor VT1, the control electrode of the thyristor VT1 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator SV2, the second base of the thyristor VT1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R9, the first base of the thyristor VT1 is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier AR4, the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier AR4 and the pin 4 of the multiplier D1 are connected to the standard value signal, the output of the operational amplifier AR4 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R13 and the inverting input of the operational amplifier AR5, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the pin 3 of the multiplier D1, the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier AR5 is connected to the ground through the resistor R14, the output of the operational amplifier AR5 is respectively connected to the pin 1 of the multiplier D1 and one end of the inductor L3, and the other end of the inductor L3 outputs the signal to the pressure regulating valve and the three-level alarm;

[0008] It includes an operational amplifier AR6, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is connected to the ground, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R9, one end of the resistor R15, and one end of the capacitor C2, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the capacitor C2, and one end of the resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R16 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R18 and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR7, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the pin 3 of the multiplier D2, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR7 is connected to the ground through the resistor R17, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR7 is respectively connected to the pin 1 of the multiplier D2 and one end of the inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L4 outputs the signal to the pressure regulating valve and the three-stage alarm, and the pin 2 of the multiplier D2 is connected to the tolerable change rate signal.

[0009] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The pressure signal at the current measuring point is obtained through peak value acquisition, amplitude limiting at 0~+5V, and then amplitude limiting amplification, and finally amplified through a controllable amplitude modulation circuit, wherein the amplified amplitude is controlled by a predicted rate of change signal added to the gate of the field effect tube P1, and the predicted rate of change signal is calculated by superimposing the historical rate of change value of the pressure signal at the current measuring point on the historical predicted rate of change value, and the magnitude of the pressure signal at the current measuring point is adjusted by the predicted rate of change, and finally the voltage regulator tubes Z3-1 and Z3 are used to detect whether it is within the tube pressure range. In the event of an abnormality, the pressure signal at the current measuring point is added to pin 1 of the photoelectric coupler U1, and the water flow electrical signal and the water pressure signal at the previous measuring point are received. The square of the flow rate = flow area * (water pressure signal at the previous measuring point - water pressure signal at the current measuring point) / water density. Since the water density is constant and the flow area is fixed, it is expressed by a constant, and the divider IC1 can calculate the pressure signal at the previous measuring point. The difference between the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point and the water pressure signal of the current measuring point is then subtracted from the difference by the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point of transistors Q2 and Q3, and the pressure signal of the current measuring point is calculated. The voltage regulator tubes Z2-1 and Z2 detect whether it is within the tube pressure range. In case of abnormality, the voltage regulator tubes Z2-1 and Z2 are reversely broken down, the transistor Q1 is turned on, the collector voltage of the transistor Q1 is pulled to the ground, and the ground signal is added to the pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler U1. The voltage difference between the input end of the photoelectric coupler U1, that is, pin 1 and pin 2, is used to detect and calculate the pressure signal of the current measuring point by analogy analysis. When both are abnormal, the photoelectric coupler U1 is turned on, and the non-instantaneous high level, that is, after the disturbance is eliminated, the voltage regulator tube SV2 outputs a signal to the alarm, driving the red light indication for qualitative early warning, otherwise the green light is on, indicating that the working pressure of the water conservancy system is normal. The analog analysis can ensure the accurate prediction of pipeline working pressure detection;

[0010] 2. When the voltage regulator tube SV2 outputs a signal to the alarm, in one path, the operational amplifier AR4 calculates the difference between the current measuring point pressure signal and the median working pressure of the water conservancy system, that is, the standard value signal, and then the divider calculates the deviation between the current measuring point pressure signal and the standard value. In the other path, the current measuring point pressure signal is calculated by the integrator to obtain the change rate of the current measuring point pressure signal, and then the divider calculates the deviation between the change rate of the current measuring point pressure signal and the tolerable change rate signal. Among them, the tolerable change rate signal is obtained by the difference between the detection pressure signal and the alarm signal corresponding to the valve closing, and then the valve closing response time is differentiated and calculated by the differential circuit. Finally, the two deviation signals are coupled and used as the basis for the pressure regulating valve to adjust the pressure within the adjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system. In the unadjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system, according to the deviation, the three-level alarm is repaired, the valve is closed, and the dangerous situation alarm is carried out, so as to timely discover abnormal conditions and take measures to reduce the risk of accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 It is a circuit schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 2 It is the overall diagram of the module structure of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 3 It is a module structure diagram of the safety analysis early warning device of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solutions of various embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0015] The following is in conjunction with the instruction manual Figures 1 to 3 The specific implementation modes of the present invention are described in further detail.

[0016] The water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system includes a water pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a safety analysis early warning device, a pressure regulating valve, and a three-level alarm. The water pressure sensor and the flow sensor are arranged in the dam or at the dam foundation, and are specifically arranged in a pressure measuring tube. The pressure measuring tube is installed in the dam or at the dam foundation. The water pressure sensor detects the water pressure in the pressure measuring tube, and infers the existence and trend of seepage through the change of water pressure. The flow sensor detects the flow rate of water in the pressure measuring tube, and infers the existence and trend of seepage through the change of flow rate. The pressure regulating valve is arranged in the downstream of the dam or in the surrounding water conservancy system to adjust the flow and pressure of water, and indirectly affect the seepage The current measuring point pressure signal and water flow electrical signal then enter the safety analysis and early warning device, which uses a comparative analysis module for comparative analysis. Specifically, the current measuring point pressure signal obtains the peak value through the peak detection circuit, limits the amplitude at 0~+5V, and then is amplified by the limiting amplifier. Finally, it is amplified by the controllable amplitude modulation circuit composed of operational amplifier AR3, resistor R5-resistor R8, and field effect transistor P1. The amplification amplitude is controlled by the predicted change rate signal added to the gate of the field effect transistor P1. When the predicted change rate signal increases, due to reverse charging, the FET of the field effect transistor P1 The effective resistance can be reduced, which can increase the gain of the controllable amplitude modulation circuit. The predicted change rate signal is calculated by superimposing the historical change rate value of the pressure signal at the current measuring point on the historical predicted change rate value. The size of the pressure signal at the current measuring point is adjusted by the predicted change rate to solve the accident impact caused by hysteresis detection and hysteresis pressure regulating valve adjustment. Finally, the voltage regulator Z3-1 and Z3 detect whether it is within the tube pressure range. In the event of an abnormality, the voltage regulator Z3-1 and Z3 reversely break down. The current measuring point pressure signal is added to pin 1 of the optocoupler U1 to receive the water flow electrical signal and the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point. The square of the flow rate = flow area * ( The water pressure signal of the previous measuring point - the water pressure signal of the current measuring point) / water density. Since the water density is constant and the flow area is fixed, it is expressed as a constant. The divider IC1 can calculate the difference between the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point and the water pressure signal of the current measuring point. Then, the transistors Q2 and Q3 subtractors calculate the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point minus the difference. The calculated pressure signal of the current measuring point is detected by the voltage regulator tubes Z2-1 and Z2 to see if it is within the tube pressure range. In the event of an abnormality, the voltage regulator tubes Z2-1 and Z2 are reversely broken down, the transistor Q1 is turned on, the collector voltage of the transistor Q1 is pulled to the ground, and the ground signal is added to the pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler U1.

[0017] The safety analysis and early warning device adopts analog analysis module for analog analysis. Specifically, the voltage difference between the input end of the photoelectric coupler U1, namely pin 1 and pin 2, is used for detection and calculation of the current measuring point pressure signal analog analysis. When both are abnormal, the photoelectric coupler U1 is turned on, and the output end of the photoelectric coupler U1, namely pin 3, outputs a high level. The high level is charged by the resistor R11 and the electrolytic capacitor E1. The non-instantaneous high level, namely, after the disturbance is eliminated, is output to the alarm through the voltage regulator tube SV2, driving the red light indication for qualitative early warning. Otherwise, the green light is on, indicating that the working pressure of the water conservancy system is normal. The analog analysis can ensure the accurate detection and prediction of the pipeline working pressure.

[0018] The safety analysis and early warning device adopts a dual parameter evaluation module for voltage regulation and level early warning. Specifically, when the voltage regulator tube SV2 outputs a signal to the alarm, the thyristor VT1 is triggered to turn on at the same time. On one path, the difference between the current measuring point pressure signal and the median working pressure of the water conservancy system, that is, the standard value signal, is calculated by the operational amplifier AR4, and then the deviation between the current measuring point pressure signal and the standard value is calculated by the divider. On the other path, the current measuring point pressure signal is calculated by the integrator to obtain the change rate of the current measuring point pressure signal, and then the divider calculates the deviation between the change rate of the current measuring point pressure signal and the tolerable change rate signal. Among them, the tolerable change rate signal is obtained by the difference between the detection pressure signal and the alarm signal corresponding to the valve closing, and then the valve closing response time is differentiated and calculated by the differential circuit. Finally, the two deviation signals are coupled and used as the basis for the pressure regulating valve to regulate the pressure within the adjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system. Within the unadjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system, according to the deviation, the three-level alarm is repaired, the valve is closed, and the dangerous situation alarm is carried out, so as to timely discover abnormal conditions and take measures to reduce the risk of accidents.

[0019] On the basis of the above scheme, the comparative analysis module receives the current measuring point pressure signal, which can be collected by the HSP-W210MA pressure sensor, with a wide working range of -100KPa~4KPa~100MPa (differential pressure range), meeting the requirements of water supply system use (0.15~0.5MPa) and test (1.5 times the use requirement), output type: 4~20mA (current), 0~5V, 0~10V, this application uses 0~5V, accuracy: 0.25%, FS working temperature: -20-80℃, the current measuring point pressure signal is transmitted through operational amplifier AR1, voltage regulator Z1, and electric The peak value is obtained by the peak detection circuit of capacitor C1, which is limited to 0~+5V by the series-connected diodes D1 and D2, and then amplified by the limiting amplifier composed of operational amplifier AR2 and resistors R1-resistor R4, wherein the dual voltage regulator SV1 is connected in parallel at both ends of the feedback resistor R2 to limit the amplified amplitude, and finally amplified by the controllable amplitude modulation circuit composed of operational amplifier AR3, resistors R5-resistor R8, and field effect transistor P1, wherein the amplified amplitude is controlled by the predicted rate of change signal added to the gate of the field effect transistor P1. When the predicted rate of change signal increases, it is reversed through resistor R6 and electrolytic capacitor E2, and the FET effective resistance of the field effect transistor P1 can be reduced, which can increase the gain of the controllable amplitude modulation circuit. Conversely, when the predicted rate of change signal decreases, it is reversed through resistor R6 and electrolytic capacitor E2, and the FET of the field effect transistor P1 The effective resistance increases, which can reduce the gain of the controllable amplitude modulation circuit. The predicted change rate signal is calculated by superimposing the historical change rate value of the current measuring point pressure signal on the historical predicted change rate value. The size of the current measuring point pressure signal is adjusted by the predicted change rate to solve the accident impact caused by hysteresis detection and hysteresis pressure regulating valve adjustment. Finally, the voltage regulator Z3-1 and Z3 detect whether it is within the tube pressure range, among which the voltage regulator values ​​of the voltage regulator Z3-1 and Z3 correspond to the lower and upper thresholds respectively. In case of abnormality, the voltage regulator Z3-1 and Z3 reversely break down, and the current measuring point pressure signal is added to pin 1 of the optocoupler U1, including the operational amplifier AR1. The in-phase input terminal of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the current measuring point pressure signal detected by the tube pressure sensor, and the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the voltage regulator The positive electrode of the tube Z1 and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1 are respectively connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR1, one end of the grounding capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the diode D1, the positive electrode of the diode D2, and one end of the resistor R1. The negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected to the power supply +5V, the positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the ground, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2, one end of the resistor R2, and the left end of the dual voltage regulator tube SV1. The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to the ground through the resistor R3. The output terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to one end of the resistor R4. The other end of the resistor R4 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R2, the right end of the dual voltage regulator tube SV1, and one end of the resistor R5. The other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR3.The inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is respectively connected to the D end of the field effect tube P1, the S end of the field effect tube P1 is connected to the ground, the G end of the field effect tube P1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R6 and the negative electrode of the grounded electrolytic capacitor E2, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the predicted rate of change signal of the pressure at the measuring point, the output end of the operational amplifier AR3 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R7 and one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z3, and the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z3 is connected to the pin 1 of the photoelectric coupler U2;,

[0020] The comparison and analysis module receives the water flow electrical signal and the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point. The square of the flow rate = flow area * (water pressure signal of the previous measuring point - water pressure signal of the current measuring point) / water density. Since the water density is constant and the flow area is fixed, it is expressed by a constant. The divider IC1 can calculate the difference between the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point and the water pressure signal of the current measuring point, and then the water pressure signal of the previous measuring point is subtracted from the difference by transistors Q2 and Q3. The pressure signal of the current measuring point is calculated and detected by the voltage regulator Z2-1 and Z2 to see if it is within the tube pressure range. In case of abnormality, the voltage regulator Z2-1 and Z2 will reversely break down, the transistor Q1 will be turned on, the collector voltage of the transistor Q1 will be pulled to the ground, and the ground signal will be added to the pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler U1, including the divider. divider IC1, pin 6 of divider IC1 is connected to the pressure signal of the previous measuring point, pin 1 of divider IC1 is connected to the flow rate signal, pin 7, pin 8, pin 9 and pin 10 of divider IC1 are connected to ground, pin 2 of divider IC1 is connected to the power supply +15V, pin 5 of divider IC1 is connected to the power supply -15V, pin 4 of divider IC1 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of voltage regulator tube Z2 and the upper end of potentiometer RP1, the lower end of potentiometer RP1 is connected to ground, the adjustable end of potentiometer RP1 is connected to pin 3 of divider IC1, the positive electrode of voltage regulator tube Z2 is connected to the base of transistor Q1, the emitter of transistor Q1 is connected to ground through resistor R10, and the collector of transistor Q1 is connected to pin 2 of photocoupler U2.

[0021] On the basis of the above scheme, the analog analysis module detects and calculates the voltage difference between the input end of the photoelectric coupler U1, that is, pin 1 and pin 2, and performs analog analysis on the current measuring point pressure signal. When both are abnormal, the photoelectric coupler U1 is turned on, and the output end of the photoelectric coupler U1, that is, pin 3, outputs a high level, and the high level is charged by the resistor R11 and the electrolytic capacitor E1. The non-instantaneous high level, that is, after the disturbance is eliminated, outputs a signal to the alarm through the voltage regulator tube SV2, drives the red light indication, and performs qualitative early warning, otherwise the green light is on, indicating that the working pressure of the water conservancy system is normal. The module includes a photoelectric coupler U1, wherein pin 4 of the photoelectric coupler U1 is connected to the power supply +5V, pin 3 of the photoelectric coupler U1 is connected to one end of the resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of the grounded electrolytic capacitor E1 and the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube SV2, and the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube SV2 outputs a signal to the alarm, drives the red light indication, and performs qualitative early warning.

[0022] On the basis of the above scheme, when the voltage regulator tube SV2 outputs a signal to the alarm, the dual parameter evaluation module triggers the thyristor VT1 to turn on at the same time. On one path, the difference between the current measuring point pressure signal and the median working pressure of the water conservancy system, that is, the standard value signal, is calculated by the operational amplifier AR4, and then the deviation between the current measuring point pressure signal and the standard value is calculated by the divider composed of the operational amplifier AR5, the multiplier D1, and the resistor R12-resistor R14. On the other path, the current measuring point pressure signal is calculated by the integrator composed of the operational amplifier AR6, the resistor R15, and the capacitor C2 to calculate the change rate of the current measuring point pressure signal, and then the operational amplifier The divider composed of AR7, multiplier D2, resistor R16-resistor R18 calculates the deviation between the change rate of the pressure signal at the current measuring point and the tolerable change rate signal, wherein the tolerable change rate signal is obtained by the difference between the detected pressure signal and the alarm signal corresponding to the valve closing, and then the valve closing response time is differentiated and calculated by the differential circuit. Finally, the two deviation signals are coupled and used as the basis for the pressure regulating valve to adjust the pressure within the adjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system. Within the unadjustable pressure range of the water conservancy system, according to the deviation, for example, when the deviation reaches 60% of the dangerous alarm, the third-level alarm takes repair, and when the deviation reaches 75% of the dangerous alarm, the valve is closed, and the deviation is When the deviation reaches 90% of the dangerous alarm, the dangerous alarm is sounded, or the two deviation signals are not coupled, when a single deviation reaches 2 or both reach 1.5, repair is reported; when a single deviation reaches 2.6 or both reach 1.9, the valve is closed; when a single deviation reaches 3.2 or both reach 2.6, a dangerous alarm is sounded; when there is obvious improvement, the risk level of the three-level alarm can be reduced, including thyristor VT1, the control electrode of thyristor VT1 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube SV2, the second base of thyristor VT1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R9, and the first base of thyristor VT1 is connected to The inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR4 is connected, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR4 and the pin 4 of the multiplier D1 are connected to the standard value signal, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR4 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R13 and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR5, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the pin 3 of the multiplier D1, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR5 is connected to the ground through the resistor R14, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR5 is respectively connected to the pin 1 of the multiplier D1 and one end of the inductor L3, and the other end of the inductor L3 outputs the signal to the pressure regulating valve and the three-stage alarm;

[0023] It includes an operational amplifier AR6, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is connected to the ground, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R9, one end of the resistor R15, and one end of the capacitor C2, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the capacitor C2, and one end of the resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R16 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R18 and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR7, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the pin 3 of the multiplier D2, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR7 is connected to the ground through the resistor R17, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR7 is respectively connected to the pin 1 of the multiplier D2 and one end of the inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L4 outputs the signal to the pressure regulating valve and the three-stage alarm, and the pin 2 of the multiplier D2 is connected to the tolerable change rate signal. On the basis of the above scheme, the deviation of the current measuring point pressure signal from the standard value and the rate of change of the current measuring point pressure signal are calculated, and the pressure regulating valve is adjusted, the three-level alarm is repaired, the valve is closed, and the danger alarm is alarmed. On the basis of the above-mentioned control measures, the duration can be set as a positive incentive; the false alarm rate is the reverse incentive; the positive change of the change trend is used as a positive incentive, and the negative change is used as a reverse incentive. The risk level of the three-level alarm can be reduced or increased, and historical data and multi-point data can be combined for further analysis and tracking. The pipeline working pressure detection prediction is accurate, and abnormal situations can be discovered in time and measures can be taken to reduce the risk of accidents.

[0024] The above is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific implementation method, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to this; for technical personnel in the technical field to which the present invention belongs and related technical fields, based on the technical solution of the present invention, the expansion and replacement of operating methods and data should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system, including a water pressure sensor, a flow sensor, a safety analysis early warning device, a pressure regulating valve, and a three-level alarm, characterized in that: The water pressure sensor and flow sensor are arranged in the dam or at the dam foundation. The water pressure sensor detects the water pressure in the pressure measuring tube and infers the existence and trend of seepage through the change of water pressure. The flow sensor detects the flow rate of water in the pressure measuring tube and infers the existence and trend of seepage through the change of flow rate. The pressure regulating valve is arranged downstream of the dam or in the surrounding water conservancy system to adjust the flow rate and pressure of water and indirectly affect the seepage situation. The current measuring point pressure signal and water flow electrical signal then enter the safety analysis and early warning device. After amplification and conditioning, the detected and calculated current measuring point pressure signal is first compared and analyzed with the upper and lower thresholds within the pipe pressure range respectively, and the two are combined for analog analysis. After eliminating the disturbance, a qualitative early warning is carried out, and the deviation of the current measuring point pressure signal from the standard value and the change rate value of the current measuring point pressure signal are obtained, and the pressure regulating valve, the repair of the three-level alarm, the valve closing, and the danger alarm are adopted; The comparative analysis in the safety analysis early warning device is completed by the comparative analysis module; The analogy analysis in the safety analysis early warning device is completed by the analogy analysis module; The triggering of the pressure regulating valve pressure regulation and the third-level alarm alarm in the safety analysis early warning device is completed by the dual-parameter evaluation module; The comparison and analysis module includes an operational amplifier AR1, the in-phase input terminal of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the current measuring point pressure signal detected by the water pressure sensor, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR1 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1, the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z1 is respectively connected to the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR1, one end of the grounding capacitor C1, the negative electrode of the diode D1, the positive electrode of the diode D2, and one end of the resistor R1, the negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected to the power supply +5V, the positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the ground, the other end of the resistor R1 is respectively connected to the in-phase input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2, one end of the resistor R2, and the left end of the dual voltage regulator tube SV1, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to the ground through the resistor R3, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR2 is connected to one end of the resistor R4, and the resistor R The other end of 4 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R2, the right end of the dual voltage regulator SV1, and one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the non-inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR3, the inverting input end of the operational amplifier AR3 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R7 and one end of the resistor R8, the other end of the resistor R8 is respectively connected to the D end of the field effect tube P1, the S end of the field effect tube P1 is connected to the ground, the G end of the field effect tube P1 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R6 and the negative electrode of the grounded electrolytic capacitor E2, the other end of the resistor R6 is connected to the predicted change rate signal of the measuring point pressure, the output end of the operational amplifier AR3 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R7 and one end of the resistor R9, the other end of the resistor R9 is connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z3, and the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z3 is connected to the pin 1 of the photoelectric coupler U2; It includes a divider IC1, wherein pin 6 of the divider IC1 is connected to the pressure signal of the previous measuring point, pin 1 of the divider IC1 is connected to the flow rate signal, pins 7, 8, 9 and 10 of the divider IC1 are connected to the ground, pin 2 of the divider IC1 is connected to the power supply +15V, pin 5 of the divider IC1 is connected to the power supply -15V, pin 4 of the divider IC1 is respectively connected to the negative electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z2 and the upper end of the potentiometer RP1, the lower end of the potentiometer RP1 is connected to the ground, the adjustable end of the potentiometer RP1 is connected to pin 3 of the divider IC1, the positive electrode of the voltage regulator tube Z2 is connected to the base of the transistor Q1, the emitter of the transistor Q1 is connected to the ground through the resistor R10, and the collector of the transistor Q1 is connected to pin 2 of the photoelectric coupler U2; The analog analysis module includes a photocoupler U1, a pin 4 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to a power supply +5V, a pin 3 of the photocoupler U1 is connected to one end of a resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is respectively connected to the positive electrode of a grounded electrolytic capacitor E1 and the negative electrode of a voltage regulator tube SV2, and the positive electrode output signal of the voltage regulator tube SV2 is sent to the alarm to drive a red light indication for qualitative early warning; The dual-parameter evaluation module includes a thyristor VT1, the control electrode of the thyristor VT1 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator SV2, the second base of the thyristor VT1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R9, the first base of the thyristor VT1 is connected to the inverting input of the operational amplifier AR4, the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier AR4 and the pin 4 of the multiplier D1 are connected to the standard value signal, the output of the operational amplifier AR4 is connected to one end of the resistor R12, the other end of the resistor R12 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R13 and the inverting input of the operational amplifier AR5, the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the pin 3 of the multiplier D1, the non-inverting input of the operational amplifier AR5 is connected to the ground through the resistor R14, the output of the operational amplifier AR5 is respectively connected to the pin 1 of the multiplier D1 and one end of the inductor L3, and the other end of the inductor L3 outputs the signal to the pressure regulating valve and the three-level alarm; It includes an operational amplifier AR6, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is connected to the ground, the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R9, one end of the resistor R15, and one end of the capacitor C2, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR6 is respectively connected to the other end of the resistor R15, the other end of the capacitor C2, and one end of the resistor R16, the other end of the resistor R16 is respectively connected to one end of the resistor R18 and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR7, the other end of the resistor R18 is connected to the pin 3 of the multiplier D2, the non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier AR7 is connected to the ground through the resistor R17, the output terminal of the operational amplifier AR7 is respectively connected to the pin 1 of the multiplier D2 and one end of the inductor L4, the other end of the inductor L4 outputs the signal to the pressure regulating valve and the three-stage alarm, and the pin 2 of the multiplier D2 is connected to the tolerable change rate signal.

2. The water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tolerable change rate signal is obtained by calculating the difference between the detection pressure signal and the alarm signal corresponding to the valve closing, and then differentiating the valve closing response time through a differential circuit.

3. The water conservancy dam seepage pressure detection and early warning system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of obtaining the deviation of the current measuring point pressure signal from the standard value, the rate of change of the current measuring point pressure signal, taking measures such as pressure regulating valve pressure regulation, repair of the three-level alarm, valve closing, and dangerous situation alarm, also includes duration, false alarm rate, and change trend.

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