A construction device and method for reducing tunnel high ground stress using laser

Abstract

The invention discloses a construction device and a construction method for reducing high ground stress in a tunnel by using laser, relates to the field of tunnel excavation, solves the problem that the laser emission hole of a laser generator is easily blocked during excavation by the existing construction device, comprises: a rotating cutter disc and a roller cutter, four mounting cylinders equidistantly distributed are arranged between the rotating cutter disc and the roller cutter, a laser generating rod is arranged on the inner side of the mounting cylinder, four laser output devices are fixedly installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc, and a laser head is fixedly installed on one end of the laser generating rod; further comprises: a hole cleaning mechanism for cleaning mud stuck on the inner side of the mounting cylinder, the hole cleaning mechanism is installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc; the invention can push out mud stuck in the inserting cylinder through the hole cleaning mechanism, solves the problem that mud blocks the laser head, and thus achieves the effect of mud cleaning and anti-blocking.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel excavation, and in particular to a construction device and a construction method for reducing high ground stress in a tunnel by using laser. Background Art

[0002] High geostress refers to the ratio of rock compressive strength to geostress. In geology, high geostress is a relative concept. Different rocks have different elastic moduli, so their energy storage properties are also different. Generally speaking, the size of the initial geostress in a region is related to the deformation characteristics of the rock formations in the region. The harder the rock, the more elastic energy it can store and the greater the geostress.

[0003] During the tunnel excavation process, high ground stress may cause rock burst. Rock burst is one of the main risks faced when constructing underground tunnels in high ground stress areas. It has the characteristics of suddenness, location concentration, time concentration and continuity, ejection, and high hazard. Rock burst may cause major engineering losses such as equipment scrapping and casualties. The existing Chinese public patent document: CN113217005B discloses a construction device and a construction method for reducing tunnel high ground stress by laser. The laser is used to release the internal stress of the rock mass in advance, which can not only effectively reduce the risks of rock burst and large deformation of soft rock during construction. However, after the laser generator is recovered, the soft soil can easily block the emission hole of the laser generator when the rotating cutterhead is excavating, making it difficult for the laser generator to extend again to emit laser, and the blocked soil will block the emission end, reducing the irradiation power of the laser. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a construction device and a construction method for reducing high ground stress in a tunnel by using laser, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A construction device for reducing high ground stress in a tunnel by using laser, comprising: a rotating cutter disc and a roller cutter mounted on the outer side of the rotating cutter disc, the rotating cutter disc being capable of docking with a tunnel boring machine, four equally spaced inserts being arranged between the rotating cutter disc and the roller cutter, an opening for limiting and inserting the inserts being arranged on the outer side of the roller cutter, a laser generating rod being arranged on the inner side of the inserts, four laser output devices respectively docked with the four laser generating rods being fixedly mounted on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc, a laser head being fixedly mounted on one end of the laser generating rod for laser rock breaking; further comprising: a hole cleaning mechanism for cleaning mud stuck on the inner side of the inserts, the hole cleaning mechanism being mounted on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc; a pushing mechanism for pushing the laser head out of the outer side of the opening of the roller cutter, the pushing mechanism being mounted on the inner side of the inserts; a cooling mechanism for rapidly cooling the laser generating rod, the cooling mechanism being mounted on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc.

[0007] Preferably, the hole cleaning mechanism includes a positioning frame fixedly mounted on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc, a moving ring is slidably mounted on the outer side of the positioning frame, a plurality of centrally symmetrical hydraulic telescopic rods are fixedly mounted on the inner side of the positioning frame, the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod passes through the positioning frame and docks with the moving ring, the hydraulic telescopic rod can pull the moving ring to move along the outer side of the positioning frame, four equidistantly distributed support plates are fixedly mounted on the outer side of the moving ring, the laser generating rod slides through the support plate, a push cylinder is fixedly mounted on the side of the support plate close to the rotating cutter disc, a positioning cylinder is provided on the inner side of the push cylinder, and a mounting cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner side of the positioning cylinder A mounting cylinder, a slider is rotatably mounted on one end of the mounting cylinder away from the positioning cylinder, a sliding cavity is provided on the outer side of the rotating cutter disc for limiting the sliding of the slider, a rotating cylinder is fixedly mounted on the side of the slider away from the mounting cylinder, four laser generating rods are slidably mounted on the inner sides of the four rotating cylinders respectively, the rotating cylinder is arranged on the inner side of the inserting cylinder, two centrally symmetrical spiral strips are fixedly mounted on one end of the inserting cylinder close to the rotating cutter disc, the outer side of the spiral strip is an arc structure, a spiral groove matching the spiral strip is provided on the outer side of the rotating cylinder, and pushing the rotating cylinder can make the spiral groove on the rotating cylinder move along the outer side of the spiral strip, thereby rotating the rotating cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the pushing mechanism includes a clamping ring fixedly mounted on the outside of the laser generating rod, a sliding cavity for limiting the sliding of the clamping ring is opened on the inner side of the rotating cylinder, the outer side of the clamping ring is fixedly connected with a spring in contact with the inner side of the sliding cavity, so that the clamping ring can drive the laser generating rod to reset, two symmetrically distributed push strips are fixedly connected to the inner side of the push cylinder, and the push strips are in a T-shaped structure, and a push cavity for limiting the sliding of the push strip is opened on the outer side of the positioning cylinder, a push plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the laser generating rod, and the push plate is located on the inner side of the push cylinder, and a gasket in contact with the push plate is fixedly connected to the outer side of the support plate, and the laser generating rod is a retractable structure, which is convenient for pushing the laser laser head on the laser generating rod out of the outer side of the roller.

[0009] Preferably, the cooling mechanism includes two positioning plates symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner side of the mounting tube, a heat sink is fixedly installed between the two positioning plates, the laser generating rod slides through the heat sink, and the temperature on the laser generating rod is absorbed by the heat sink, a heat pipe is fixedly installed on the inner side of the heat sink for taking away the temperature in the heat sink, both ends of the heat pipe slide through the push plate and the support plate, a water pump is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support plate to circulate the water in the heat pipe, the water pump is docked with both ends of the heat pipe, and a heat dissipation fan is fixedly installed on the outer side of the water pump to dissipate the heat in the heat pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the insert is fixedly mounted to the rotating cutter disc via a flange, so as to facilitate installation and removal of the insert.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of equally spaced docking seats are fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotary cutter disc, so as to facilitate the installation of the rotary cutter disc and the tunnel boring machine.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the rotating cylinder away from the sliding block is fixedly connected to a mounting plate, and a plurality of scraping strips distributed at equal distances are fixedly connected to the outer side of the mounting plate for scraping off mud stuck to the inner side of the insert cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, a guide cylinder for limiting the sliding of the laser generating rod is fixedly connected to the outer side of the mounting plate, thereby providing guidance for the movement of the laser generating rod.

[0014] Preferably, a sleeve is fixedly mounted on the side of the sliding block away from the rotating drum, a positioning ring is slidably mounted on the inner side of the sleeve, and the positioning ring is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the push cylinder to improve the stability of the rotation of the rotating drum.

[0015] A construction device and a construction method for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser. The construction method is applicable to the above-mentioned construction device for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser. The steps of the construction method are as follows:

[0016] S1: Drilling and excavation stage, the rotary cutterhead is docked with the tunnel boring machine, so that the rotary cutterhead drives the roller cutter to rotate for drilling and excavation;

[0017] S2: In the clearing stage, the rotary cutter head is stopped, and the hydraulic telescopic rod is started to make the support plate push the push plate to move through the gasket ring, and the rotary drum rotates along the inner side of the insert cylinder to clean the soil inside the insert cylinder;

[0018] S3: In the emission phase, the hydraulic telescopic rod is started again, so that the laser generating rod pushes the laser head out of the roller cutter, and the laser output device is started so that the laser head emits laser to the rock mass;

[0019] S4: Cooling stage, retract the laser generating rod, start the cooling fan and water pump, let the heat pipe take out the heat on the heat sink, dissipate the heat of the laser generating rod, and rotate the roller cutter again to perform drilling operations.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention can push out the sticky mud in the insert through the hole cleaning mechanism, clean the opening of the roller cutter, solve the problem of mud blocking the laser head, maintain the power of the laser head, and achieve the effect of mud cleaning and anti-blocking.

[0022] 2. The present invention can push one end of the laser generating rod to the outside of the roller through the pushing mechanism, so that the laser head can quickly destroy the rock mass, and can shake out the dust on the laser head when the laser generating rod is recovered, thereby achieving the effect of facilitating resetting and storage.

[0023] 3. The present invention uses a cooling mechanism to absorb the temperature of the laser generating rod during operation through a heat sink and brings out the temperature on the heat sink, thereby improving the durability of the laser generating rod, thereby achieving the effect of rapid cooling and improving the durability of the laser head. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the installation cylinder and the rotating cutter disc in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the positioning frame and the moving plate in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating drum and the mounting rod in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting plate and the scraper strip in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the heat sink and the mounting tube structure in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat dissipation pipe and the water pump in the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push bar and the positioning cylinder in the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Rotating cutter disc; 2. Hobbing cutter; 3. Insert cylinder; 4. Laser generating rod; 5. Laser output device; 6. Laser head; 7. Positioning frame; 8. Moving ring; 9. Hydraulic telescopic rod; 10. Support plate; 11. Push cylinder; 12. Positioning cylinder; 13. Mounting cylinder; 14. Sliding block; 15. Rotating cylinder; 16. Spiral strip; 17. Retaining ring; 18. Spring; 19. Push strip; 20. Push plate; 21. Gasket; 22. Positioning plate; 23. Heat sink; 24. Heat dissipation pipe; 25. Water pump; 26. Cooling fan; 27. Flange; 28. Docking seat; 29. ​​Mounting plate; 30. Scraper strip; 31. Guide cylinder; 32. Sleeve; 33. Positioning ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative inspiration are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 8 , a construction device for reducing high ground stress in a tunnel by using laser is shown in the figure, comprising a rotating cutter disc 1 and a roller cutter 2 installed on the outer side of the rotating cutter disc 1, the rotating cutter disc 1 can be docked with a tunneling machine, four equally spaced inserts 3 are arranged between the rotating cutter disc 1 and the roller cutter 2, an opening for limiting insertion of the inserts 3 is opened on the outer side of the roller cutter 2, a laser generating rod 4 is arranged on the inner side of the inserts 3, four laser output devices 5 respectively docked with the four laser generating rods 4 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc 1, a laser head 6 is fixedly installed at one end of the laser generating rod 4 for laser rock breaking; it also includes: a hole cleaning mechanism for cleaning the soil sticking to the inner side of the inserts 3, the hole cleaning mechanism is installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc 1; a pushing mechanism for pushing the laser head 6 out of the outer side of the opening of the roller cutter 2, the pushing mechanism is installed on the inner side of the inserts 3; a cooling mechanism for quickly cooling the laser generating rod 4, the cooling mechanism is installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc 1.

[0035] The hole cleaning mechanism includes a positioning frame 7 fixedly installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc 1, a moving ring 8 is slidably installed on the outer side of the positioning frame 7, a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods 9 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the positioning frame 7 in a centrally symmetrical manner, the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 9 passes through the positioning frame 7 and docks with the moving ring 8, the hydraulic telescopic rod 9 can pull the moving ring 8 to move along the outer side of the positioning frame 7, four support plates 10 distributed equidistantly are fixedly installed on the outer side of the moving ring 8, the laser generating rod 4 slides through the support plate 10, a push cylinder 11 is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate 10 close to the rotating cutter disc 1, a positioning cylinder 12 is arranged on the inner side of the push cylinder 11, a mounting cylinder 13 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the positioning cylinder 12, and a mounting cylinder 13 is installed. A slider 14 is rotatably mounted on one end of the cylinder 13 away from the positioning cylinder 12, a sliding cavity for limiting the sliding of the slider 14 is provided on the outer side of the rotating cutter disc 1, a rotating cylinder 15 is fixedly mounted on one side of the slider 14 away from the mounting cylinder 13, four laser generating rods 4 are slidably mounted on the inner sides of the four rotating cylinders 15 respectively, the rotating cylinder 15 is arranged on the inner side of the insert cylinder 3, and two centrally symmetrical spiral strips 16 are fixedly mounted on one end of the insert cylinder 3 close to the rotating cutter disc 1, the outer side of the spiral strip 16 is an arc-shaped structure, and a spiral groove matching with the spiral strip 16 is provided on the outer side of the rotating cylinder 15, and pushing the rotating cylinder 15 can make the spiral groove on the rotating cylinder 15 move along the outer side of the spiral strip 16, so that the rotating cylinder 15 rotates;

[0036] The hydraulic telescopic rod 9 can pull the moving ring 8 to move along the outside of the positioning frame 7, so that the moving ring 8 pulls the support plate 10 to move, and the support plate 10 pushes the installation cylinder 13 to move through the push cylinder 11 and the positioning cylinder 12, so that the installation cylinder 13 pushes the rotating cylinder 15 to move along the inside of the insertion cylinder 3 through the slider 14, and the spiral groove on the rotating cylinder 15 moves along the outside of the spiral bar 16, so that the rotating cylinder 15 is in a rotating state when moving, and the rotating cylinder 15 can quickly push out the mud stuck to the inside of the insertion cylinder 3, thereby achieving the effect of clearing mud and preventing obstruction.

[0037] The pushing mechanism includes a clamping ring 17 fixedly mounted on the outer side of the laser generating rod 4, a sliding cavity for limiting the sliding of the clamping ring 17 is provided on the inner side of the rotating cylinder 15, and a spring 18 in contact with the inner side of the sliding cavity is fixedly connected to the outer side of the clamping ring 17, so that the clamping ring 17 can drive the laser generating rod 4 to reset, and two symmetrically distributed pushing strips 19 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the pushing cylinder 11, and the pushing strips 19 are in a T-shaped structure, and a pushing cavity for limiting the sliding of the pushing strips 19 is provided on the outer side of the positioning cylinder 12, and a pushing plate 20 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the laser generating rod 4, and the pushing plate 20 is located on the inner side of the pushing cylinder 11, and a gasket 21 in contact with the pushing plate 20 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the support plate 10, and the laser generating rod 4 is a retractable structure, so that the laser laser head 6 on the laser generating rod 4 can be pushed out of the outer side of the hob 2;

[0038] When the support plate 10 moves, it can push the push plate 20 to move through the gasket 21, so that the push plate 20 pushes the laser generating rod 4 to extend, and the laser generating rod 4 compresses the spring 18 through the retaining ring 17 and moves to the outside of the rotating cylinder 15, and the push bar 19 on the inside of the push cylinder 11 moves along the push cavity on the positioning cylinder 12, and when it contacts one end of the push cavity, the positioning cylinder 12 is pushed to move by the push bar 19, so that the rotating cylinder 15 can be moved, thereby, the laser laser head 6 on the laser generating rod 4 moves to the end of the rotating cylinder 15, and the laser laser head 6 is aligned with the end of the rotating cylinder 15, which is convenient for rapid laser crushing of the rock mass, and when the laser generating rod 4 is recovered, the rebound force of the spring 18 is used to make the retaining ring 17 quickly contact with the sliding cavity inside the rotating cylinder 15, and the dust on the laser generating rod 4 and the laser laser head 6 is shaken out, which has the effect of facilitating resetting and storage.

[0039] The cooling mechanism includes two positioning plates 22 symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner side of the installation tube 13, a heat sink 23 is fixedly installed between the two positioning plates 22, the laser generating rod 4 slides through the heat sink 23, and the temperature on the laser generating rod 4 is absorbed by the heat sink 23, a heat pipe 24 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the heat sink 23, which is used to take away the temperature in the heat sink 23, both ends of the heat pipe 24 slide through the push plate 20 and the support plate 10, a water pump 25 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the support plate 10, and the water in the heat pipe 24 is circulated and transported, the water pump 25 is connected to the two ends of the heat pipe 24, and a heat dissipation fan 26 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the water pump 25 to dissipate the heat in the heat pipe 24;

[0040] The heat sink 23 can absorb the temperature on the surface of the laser generating rod 4, and the water pump 25 circulates the water in the heat pipe 24, so that the heat pipe 24 takes away the temperature on the heat sink 23, and then the temperature in the heat pipe 24 is cooled by the cooling fan 26, so that the laser generating rod 4 can be quickly cooled, thereby improving the durability of the laser head 6.

[0041] Working principle: First, the user installs the rotating cutter head 1 on the tunnel boring machine, so that the tunnel boring machine drives the rotating cutter head 1 and the roller cutter 2 to rotate and perform drilling operations. When the rock mass needs to be broken, the user starts the hydraulic telescopic rod 9, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 9 pulls the moving ring 8 to move along the outer side of the positioning frame 7, so that the moving ring 8 pulls the support plate 10 to move, and the support plate 10 pushes the push plate 20 to move through the gasket ring 21, so that the push plate 20 pushes the laser generating rod 4 to extend, and the laser laser head 6 on the laser generating rod 4 moves to the end of the rotating cylinder 15, and the laser laser head 6 is aligned with the end of the rotating cylinder 15, and the push bar 19 on the inside of the push cylinder 11 moves along the push cavity on the positioning cylinder 12. When the push bar 19 contacts one end of the push cavity, the positioning cylinder 12 is pushed to move by the push bar 19, and the positioning cylinder 12 pushes the installation cylinder 13 to move, so that the installation cylinder 13 pushes the rotating cylinder 15 along the insertion cylinder 15 through the slider 14 The inner side of the cylinder 3 moves, and the spiral groove on the rotating cylinder 15 moves along the outer side of the spiral strip 16, so that the rotating cylinder 15 is in a rotating state when moving. The rotating cylinder 15 rotates and moves to push the mud stuck on the inner side of the insert cylinder 3 out from one end of the insert cylinder 3. At this time, the user starts the laser output device 5 to make the laser laser head 6 generate laser to break the rock mass. Finally, the user starts the water pump 25 and the cooling fan 26. The heat sink 23 absorbs the temperature of the surface of the laser generating rod 4, and the water pump 25 circulates the water in the heat dissipation pipe 24. The water pump 25 keeps the water in the heat dissipation pipe 24 in a circulating state, so that the heat dissipation pipe 24 takes away the temperature on the heat sink 23. The cooling fan 26 cools the temperature in the heat dissipation pipe 24 and discharges the heat in the heat dissipation pipe 24, so that the laser generating rod 4 can be quickly cooled, thereby achieving the effect of rapid mud removal and anti-blocking, and improving the destruction efficiency of the rock mass.

[0042] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 This embodiment further explains Example 1. The insert cylinder 3 shown in the figure is fixedly installed with the rotating cutter head 1 through a flange 27, which is convenient for installing and removing the insert cylinder 3. A plurality of equally spaced docking seats 28 are fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating cutter head 1, which is convenient for installing the rotating cutter head 1 with the tunnel boring machine.

[0043] In this embodiment, the user can install the rotary cutter head 1 on the tunnel boring machine through the docking seat 28 on the rotary cutter head 1, and can install and remove the insert cylinder 3 through the flange 27, so as to facilitate the later maintenance of the insert cylinder 3.

[0044] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 8This embodiment further illustrates other embodiments. In the figure, the end of the rotating cylinder 15 away from the slider 14 is fixedly connected to a mounting plate 29, and the outer side of the mounting plate 29 is fixedly connected to a plurality of scraping strips 30 distributed at equal intervals, which are used to scrape off the sticky mud on the inner side of the insert cylinder 3. The outer side of the mounting plate 29 is fixedly connected to a guide cylinder 31 for limiting the sliding of the laser generating rod 4, which provides guidance for the movement of the laser generating rod 4. A sleeve 32 is fixedly installed on the side of the slider 14 away from the rotating cylinder 15, and a positioning ring 33 is slidably installed on the inner side of the sleeve 32. The positioning ring 33 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the push cylinder 11 to improve the stability of the rotation of the rotating cylinder 15.

[0045] In this embodiment: when the rotating drum 15 rotates and moves, it can drive the mounting plate 29 to rotate synchronously, so that the scraper 30 rotates and moves along the inner side of the insert cylinder 3, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency of the soil inside the insert cylinder 3, and the laser generating rod 4 can move along the inner side of the sleeve 32 to provide protection for the laser laser head 6, and the slider 14 can drive the positioning ring 33 to rotate along the inner side of the sleeve 32, thereby improving the stability of the rotation of the rotating drum 15.

[0046] Embodiment 4: A construction device and a construction method for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser. The construction method is applicable to the above-mentioned construction device for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser. The steps of the construction method are as follows:

[0047] S1: Drilling stage, the rotary cutter head 1 is docked with the tunnel boring machine, so that the rotary cutter head 1 drives the roller cutter 2 to rotate to perform drilling operations;

[0048] S2: In the clearing stage, the rotary cutter head 1 is stopped, and the hydraulic telescopic rod 9 is started to make the support plate 10 push the push plate 20 to move through the gasket 21, and the rotating drum 15 rotates along the inner side of the inserting cylinder 3 to clean the soil inside the inserting cylinder 3;

[0049] S3: In the emission stage, the hydraulic telescopic rod 9 is started again, so that the laser generating rod 4 pushes the laser head 6 out of the outside of the roller cutter 2, and the laser output device 5 is started so that the laser head 6 emits laser to the rock mass;

[0050] S4: Cooling stage, retract the laser generating rod 4, start the cooling fan 26 and the water pump 25, so that the heat pipe 24 can take out the heat on the heat sink 23, dissipate the heat of the laser generating rod 4, and rotate the roller 2 again to perform drilling operations.

[0051] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, construction method, article or equipment including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, construction method, article or equipment.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A construction device for reducing high ground stress in a tunnel using laser, characterized in that: include: A rotating cutter disc (1) and a roller cutter (2) mounted on the outside of the rotating cutter disc (1); four equally spaced insert cylinders (3) are arranged between the rotating cutter disc (1) and the roller cutter (2); an opening for limiting insertion of the insert cylinder (3) is provided on the outside of the roller cutter (2); a laser generating rod (4) is arranged on the inside of the insert cylinder (3); four laser output devices (5) are fixedly mounted on the inside of the rotating cutter disc (1) and are respectively connected to the four laser generating rods (4); a laser head (6) is fixedly mounted on one end of the laser generating rod (4); Also includes: A hole cleaning mechanism is used to clean the soil stuck on the inner side of the insert tube (3), the hole cleaning mechanism is installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc (1), and the hole cleaning mechanism comprises a positioning frame (7) fixedly installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc (1), a moving ring (8) is slidably installed on the outer side of the positioning frame (7), a plurality of hydraulic telescopic rods (9) are fixedly installed on the inner side of the positioning frame (7) in a centrally symmetrical manner, the output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod (9) passes through the positioning frame (7) and docks with the moving ring (8), four support plates (10) distributed at equal intervals are fixedly installed on the outer side of the moving ring (8), the laser generating rod (4) slides through the support plate (10), a push tube (11) is fixedly installed on the side of the support plate (10) close to the rotating cutter disc (1), and a positioning tube (11) is arranged on the inner side of the push tube (11) 12), a mounting cylinder (13) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the positioning cylinder (12), a slider (14) is rotatably mounted on one end of the mounting cylinder (13) away from the positioning cylinder (12), a sliding cavity for limiting the sliding of the slider (14) is provided on the outer side of the rotating cutter disc (1), a rotating cylinder (15) is fixedly mounted on the side of the slider (14) away from the mounting cylinder (13), the four laser generating rods (4) are respectively slidably mounted on the inner sides of the four rotating cylinders (15), the rotating cylinder (15) is arranged on the inner side of the insert cylinder (3), and two centrally symmetrical spiral strips (16) are fixedly mounted on one end of the insert cylinder (3) close to the rotating cutter disc (1), the outer side of the spiral strip (16) is an arc-shaped structure, and the outer side of the rotating cylinder (15) is provided with a spiral groove matching the spiral strip (16); A pushing mechanism is used to push the laser head (6) out of the opening of the hob (2), the pushing mechanism is installed on the inner side of the insert cylinder (3), the pushing mechanism includes a clamping ring (17) fixedly installed on the outer side of the laser generating rod (4), the inner side of the rotating cylinder (15) is provided with a sliding cavity for limiting the sliding of the clamping ring (17), the outer side of the clamping ring (17) is fixedly connected to a spring (18) in contact with the inner side of the sliding cavity, and the inner side of the push cylinder (11) is fixed Two symmetrically distributed push strips (19) are connected, the push strips (19) are in a T-shaped structure, the outer side of the positioning cylinder (12) is provided with a push cavity for limiting the sliding of the push strip (19), the outer side of the laser generating rod (4) is fixedly connected with a push plate (20), the push plate (20) is located on the inner side of the push cylinder (11), the outer side of the support plate (10) is fixedly connected with a gasket (21) in contact with the push plate (20), and the laser generating rod (4) is a telescopic structure; A cooling mechanism is used for rapidly cooling the laser generating rod (4), the cooling mechanism being installed on the inner side of the rotating cutter disc (1), the cooling mechanism comprising two positioning plates (22) symmetrically fixedly installed on the inner side of the mounting tube (13), a heat sink (23) being fixedly installed between the two positioning plates (22), the laser generating rod (4) slidingly passing through the heat sink (23), a heat dissipation pipe (24) being fixedly installed on the inner side of the heat sink (23), both ends of the heat dissipation pipe (24) slidingly passing through the push plate (20) and the support plate (10), a water pump (25) being fixedly installed on the outer side of the support plate (10), the water pump (25) being butt-jointed with both ends of the heat dissipation pipe (24), and a heat dissipation fan (26) being fixedly installed on the outer side of the water pump (25).

2. A construction device for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: The insert (3) is fixedly mounted on the rotating cutter disc (1) via a flange (27).

3. The construction device for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of equally spaced docking seats (28) are fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating cutter disc (1).

4. The construction device for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: An end of the rotating drum (15) away from the sliding block (14) is fixedly connected to a mounting plate (29), and a plurality of scraping strips (30) distributed at equal distances are fixedly connected to the outer side of the mounting plate (29).

5. The construction device for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser according to claim 4, characterized in that: A guide cylinder (31) for limiting the sliding movement of the laser generating rod (4) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the mounting plate (29).

6. The construction device for reducing tunnel high ground stress by using laser according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sleeve (32) is fixedly mounted on a side of the sliding block (14) away from the rotating cylinder (15), a positioning ring (33) is slidably mounted on the inner side of the sleeve (32), and the positioning ring (33) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the push cylinder (11).

7. A construction method for a construction device for reducing high ground stress in a tunnel using laser according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The construction method includes the following steps: S1: In the drilling and excavation stage, the rotating cutter head (1) is docked with the tunnel boring machine, so that the rotating cutter head (1) drives the roller cutter (2) to rotate to perform drilling and excavation operations; S2: in the clearing stage, the rotary cutter disc (1) is stopped, the hydraulic telescopic rod (9) is started to make the support plate (10) push the push plate (20) to move through the gasket (21), and the rotating drum (15) rotates along the inner side of the insert cylinder (3) to clean the soil inside the insert cylinder (3); S3: In the emission phase, the hydraulic telescopic rod (9) is started again, so that the laser generating rod (4) pushes the laser head (6) out of the roller cutter (2), and the laser output device (5) is started so that the laser head (6) emits laser light to the rock mass; S4: Cooling stage, retracting the laser generating rod (4), starting the cooling fan (26) and the water pump (25), allowing the heat pipe (24) to remove the heat on the heat sink (23), dissipating the heat of the laser generating rod (4), and rotating the roller cutter (2) again to perform drilling operations.

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