Composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power station component
Through the composite laser decontamination method, the appropriate laser is selected for decontamination treatment of nuclear power plant components based on the pollution distribution map and the thickness of the attachment, which solves the problem of poor decontamination effect of a single laser, improves the decontamination effect and resource utilization rate, and reduces the decontamination effect and the use of resources. The radiation risk to staff.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411458186.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-10-18
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-06
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, a single laser decontamination method is difficult to effectively remove radioactive substances from the surface of nuclear power plant components, resulting in enhanced system radiation field and increased radiation dose for staff.
Using composite laser decontamination method, the pollution distribution map is generated by scanning to determine the degree of pollution, and select the appropriate laser (high-efficiency nanosecond laser, ultra-high energy nanosecond laser or high-efficiency picosecond laser) for cleaning until the attachment is completely removed, combining with different Choose different laser decontamination methods for pollution degree and thickness.
It improves the decontamination effect, ensures efficient utilization of resources, prevents resource waste, and significantly reduces the radioactive pollution of nuclear power plant components and reduces the radiation dose of staff.
Smart Images
Figure CN119076526A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of composite laser decontamination methods, in particular to a composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components. Background Art
[0002] During the operation of a nuclear power plant, the corrosion products of structural materials and the primary coolant are activated by neutrons to form radioactive substances, which are transmitted, distributed, and deposited on the surfaces of the system's pipes, valves, and pumps. As the service time of a nuclear power plant increases, these radioactive substances accumulate day by day, leading to an increase in the system's radiation field and an increase in the radiation dose of the workers. Therefore, regular or irregular radioactive decontamination is required to ensure the safe operation of the power plant and reduce the collective radiation dose of the operating personnel. With the large-scale construction and operation of domestic nuclear power plants, more and more components will need to be decontaminated with radioactivity.
[0003] Laser decontamination is generally used in the prior art, but it is a single laser decontamination technology. The same laser is used to perform decontamination treatment on the body of the component to be decontaminated and the attachments on the body, which makes it difficult to achieve an ideal decontamination effect.
[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components is proposed. Summary of the invention
[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components, the decontamination steps comprising:
[0006] Step 1: Take the contaminated workpiece, scan the radioactivity and shape of the workpiece surface, and generate a workpiece contamination distribution map;
[0007] Step 2: Determine the degree of contamination based on the contamination distribution of the workpiece contamination distribution map;
[0008] Step 3: Check the surface adhesion of the workpiece, and select a high-efficiency nanosecond laser, ultra-high-energy nanosecond laser or high-efficiency picosecond laser to clean the workpiece according to the adhesion;
[0009] Step 4: Perform a second inspection on the cleaned workpiece for attachments. If attachments are still present, repeat step 1 until there are no attachments.
[0010] Preferably, the workpiece contamination distribution map in step 1 is a three-dimensional map generated by combining the workpiece shape and the radioactivity detected on the surface of the shape, and calculating the contamination degree.
[0011] Preferably, the contamination degree=(contaminated area / workpiece area)×100%.
[0012] Preferably, if the contamination area in the contamination distribution situation of the workpiece contamination distribution diagram in step 2 is greater than 50% of the entire workpiece area, it is determined to be severely contaminated and the entire workpiece is thoroughly cleaned; if the contamination area is less than 50% of the entire workpiece area, it is determined to be slightly contaminated and the entire workpiece is partially cleaned.
[0013] Preferably, in the step three, the thickness of the attachment on the surface of the workpiece is detected. If the thickness of the workpiece is ≤10mm, a high-efficiency nanosecond laser is selected to clean the surface of the workpiece. If the thickness of the workpiece is 10mm<the thickness of the workpiece≤13mm, an ultra-high-efficiency nanosecond laser is selected to clean the surface of the workpiece. If the thickness of the workpiece is 13mm<the thickness of the workpiece≤18mm, a high-efficiency nanosecond laser and a high-efficiency picosecond laser are selected to clean the surface of the workpiece. If the thickness of the workpiece is greater than 18mm, an ultra-high-efficiency nanosecond laser and a high-efficiency picosecond laser are selected to clean the surface of the workpiece.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention determines whether to perform comprehensive cleaning or partial cleaning on the workpiece by calculating the contamination degree of the workpiece, and then selects a laser combination method to clean the workpiece according to the thickness of the attachments on the workpiece surface until the attachments on the workpiece surface are cleaned up. Different laser decontamination methods are used for workpiece attachments with different contamination degrees and different thicknesses, thereby improving the decontamination effect and preventing waste of resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0017] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components, and the decontamination steps include:
[0018] Step 1: Take the contaminated workpiece, scan the radioactivity and shape of the workpiece surface respectively, generate the workpiece contamination distribution map, that is, combine the workpiece shape and the radioactivity detected on the surface of the shape to generate a three-dimensional map, and calculate the contamination degree, the contamination degree = (contaminated area / workpiece area) × 100%;
[0019] Step 2: Determine the degree of contamination based on the contamination distribution of the workpiece contamination distribution map. If the contamination area is greater than 50% of the entire workpiece area, it is determined to be severely contaminated and the entire workpiece is fully cleaned; if the contamination area is less than 50% of the entire workpiece area, it is determined to be slightly contaminated and the entire workpiece is partially cleaned;
[0020] Step 3: Check the surface adhesion of the workpiece, and select a high-efficiency nanosecond laser, ultra-high-energy nanosecond laser or high-efficiency picosecond laser to clean the workpiece according to the adhesion;
[0021] Detect the thickness of the attachment on the workpiece surface. If the workpiece thickness is ≤10mm, use a high-efficiency nanosecond laser to clean the workpiece surface. If the workpiece thickness is 10mm<workpiece thickness≤13mm, use an ultra-high-efficiency nanosecond laser to clean the workpiece surface. If the workpiece thickness is 13mm<workpiece thickness≤18mm, use a high-efficiency nanosecond laser and a high-efficiency picosecond laser to clean the workpiece surface. If the workpiece thickness is greater than 18mm, use an ultra-high-efficiency nanosecond laser and a high-efficiency picosecond laser to clean the workpiece surface.
[0022] Step 4: Perform a second inspection on the cleaned workpiece for attachments. If attachments are still present, repeat step 1 until there are no attachments.
[0023] Embodiment 1:
[0024] The contamination degree of a nuclear power plant component is 57% and the thickness of the attachment is 13mm.
[0025] Step 1: Take the contaminated workpiece, scan the radioactivity and shape of the workpiece surface, generate a workpiece contamination distribution map, that is, combine the workpiece shape and the radioactivity detected on the surface of the shape to generate a three-dimensional map, and calculate the contamination degree as 57%;
[0026] Step 2: Determine the degree of contamination based on the contamination distribution of the workpiece contamination distribution map. If the contamination area is greater than 50% of the entire workpiece area, it is considered to be severely contaminated and the entire workpiece is fully cleaned.
[0027] Step 3: Check the surface attachment of the workpiece, detect the thickness of the attachment on the workpiece surface 10mm<the thickness of the workpiece ≤13mm, and use an ultra-high-efficiency nanosecond laser to clean the surface of the workpiece;
[0028] Step 4: Perform a second inspection on the cleaned workpiece for attachments. If attachments are still present, repeat step 1 until there are no attachments.
[0029] Utilizing the technical solution described in the present invention, or those skilled in the art designing a similar technical solution inspired by the technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above-mentioned technical effects, all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components, characterized in that: Decontamination steps include: Step 1: Take the contaminated workpiece, scan the radioactivity and shape of the workpiece surface, and generate a workpiece contamination distribution map; Step 2: Determine the degree of contamination based on the contamination distribution of the workpiece contamination distribution map; Step 3: Check the surface adhesion of the workpiece, and select a high-efficiency nanosecond laser, ultra-high-energy nanosecond laser or high-efficiency picosecond laser to clean the workpiece according to the adhesion; Step 4: Perform a second inspection on the cleaned workpiece for attachments. If attachments are still present, repeat step 1 until there are no attachments.
2. A composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The workpiece contamination distribution map in step 1 is a three-dimensional map generated by combining the workpiece shape and the radioactivity detected on the surface of the shape, and calculating the contamination degree.
3. A composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contamination degree=(contaminated area / workpiece area)×100%.
4. A composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components according to claim 1, characterized in that: If the contamination area in the contamination distribution diagram of the workpiece in step 2 is greater than 50% of the entire workpiece area, it is determined to be severely contaminated and the entire workpiece is fully cleaned; if the contamination area is less than 50% of the entire workpiece area, it is determined to be slightly contaminated and the entire workpiece is partially cleaned.
5. A composite laser decontamination method for radioactive decontamination of nuclear power plant components according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step three, the thickness of the attachment on the workpiece surface is detected. If the workpiece thickness is ≤10mm, a high-efficiency nanosecond laser is selected to clean the workpiece surface. If the workpiece thickness is 10mm<the workpiece thickness≤13mm, an ultra-high-efficiency nanosecond laser is selected to clean the workpiece surface. If the workpiece thickness is 13mm<the workpiece thickness≤18mm, a high-efficiency nanosecond laser and a high-efficiency picosecond laser are selected to clean the workpiece surface. If the workpiece thickness is greater than 18mm, an ultra-high-efficiency nanosecond laser and a high-efficiency picosecond laser are selected to clean the workpiece surface.