Special-shaped part machining clamp and using method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a special-shaped part machining clamp and a using method thereof, and relates to the technical field of tool clamp machinery, the machining clamp comprises a first clamp plate, a second clamp plate and a third clamp plate, the first clamp plate is used for supporting and placing a bottom plate, and the first clamp plate is provided with a negative pressure structure capable of adsorbing the bottom plate to the surface of the first clamp plate; the second clamp plate is detachably and vertically arranged on the first clamp plate, and the second clamp plate is attached to the first to-be-machined face of the wing plate in a supporting mode. The third clamp plate is detachably and vertically arranged on the first clamp plate, the third clamp plate is located on one side of the second to-be-machined face of the wing plate, and the third clamp plate fixes the wing plate through the supporting positioning column. According to the use method of the clamp, the workpiece bottom plate is mounted on the first clamp plate in an adsorption mode, and the second clamp plate and the third clamp plate are alternately mounted on the first clamp plate to clamp and support two machining faces of a workpiece wing plate in sequence. The problem of machining deformation of the high vertical wing plate of the thin-wall part is effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tooling and fixture machinery, and in particular to a special-shaped parts processing fixture and a method for using the same. Background Art

[0002] like Figure 1 The figure shows the structure of a special-shaped part, which is a thin-walled part with a base plate 700 of a large-span arc structure and a wing plate 800 of a high upright plate structure. The existing fixture uses a process boss to clamp the edge of the part for processing. During the processing of the wing plate, the wing plate of the high upright plate structure is easily bent and deformed, thereby affecting the quality of the workpiece. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of this application is to provide a special-shaped parts processing fixture and a method of using the same, aiming to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0004] The technical solutions adopted in this application are as follows:

[0005] First hair:

[0006] A special-shaped parts processing fixture, comprising:

[0007] A first fixture plate, the first fixture plate is used to support and place the bottom plate, and the first fixture plate is provided with a negative pressure structure capable of adsorbing the bottom plate to the surface of the first fixture plate;

[0008] a second fixture plate, the second fixture plate being detachably disposed upright on the first fixture plate, and the second fixture plate being supported and attached to the first surface to be processed of the wing plate;

[0009] The third fixture plate is detachably and uprightly arranged on the first fixture plate, and the third fixture plate is located on the side of the second to-be-processed surface of the wing plate, and the third fixture plate fixes the wing plate through a supporting positioning column.

[0010] Optionally, the first fixture plate has an arc-shaped bearing surface with the same curvature as that of the bottom plate, and a plurality of negative pressure air holes for negative pressure adsorption are arranged along the arc-shaped bearing surface.

[0011] Optionally, the negative pressure structure includes a main airflow channel arranged inside the first clamp body and a plurality of auxiliary airflow channels connected to the main airflow channel, each of the auxiliary airflow channels is connected to a corresponding negative pressure air hole, and the main airflow channel is connected to an external negative pressure device.

[0012] Optionally, a main pressure block and an auxiliary pressure block for pressing the bottom plate are arranged on the first fixture plate, the main pressure block is pressed on both ends of the bottom plate, and a plurality of the auxiliary pressure blocks are arranged between the main pressure blocks.

[0013] Optionally, a plurality of positioning grooves for installing the auxiliary pressure blocks are provided on the first fixture plate, and the auxiliary pressure blocks are installed in the positioning grooves by bolts.

[0014] Optionally, a plurality of supporting cushion blocks are provided on a side surface of the second fixture plate facing the wing plate.

[0015] Optionally, there are at least five supporting positioning columns, which are respectively arranged at four corner points and a center position of the wing plate.

[0016] Optionally, the second fixture plate and the third fixture plate are arranged on the first fixture plate by bolts.

[0017] Optionally, the second fixture plate and the third fixture plate are both provided with hanging rings.

[0018] Second aspect:

[0019] A method for using a special-shaped parts processing fixture, comprising:

[0020] Using the first fixture plate to support and place the bottom plate, and using the negative pressure structure to adsorb and fix the bottom plate on the surface of the first fixture plate;

[0021] Install the second fixture plate on the first fixture plate, and support the second fixture plate to fit the first surface to be processed of the wing plate to process the second surface to be processed;

[0022] After the second surface to be processed is processed, the second fixture plate is removed, and the third fixture plate is installed on the first fixture plate and located on one side of the second surface to be processed, and the supporting positioning column is connected to the process boss provided on the wing plate to process the first surface to be processed;

[0023] After the first surface to be processed is processed, the third fixture plate is removed.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0025] The present application proposes a special-shaped parts processing fixture and a method of using the same. By setting a first fixture plate with a negative pressure structure, the large-span arc-shaped base plate can be adsorbed and fixed, which can improve the uniformity of force when the large-span arc-shaped thin-walled base plate is clamped, and deformation of the large-span arc-shaped base plate during clamping can be avoided. At the same time, the second fixture plate and the third fixture plate are alternately installed on the first fixture plate in sequence to support different processing surfaces of the high upright wing plate, thereby completing the sequential processing of the two processing surfaces of the wing plate, and the second fixture plate and the third fixture plate are used to provide support for the wing plate to prevent deformation during processing, thereby effectively improving the processing quality of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a special-shaped part;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of the special-shaped parts processing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present application at one viewing angle;

[0028] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the special-shaped parts processing fixture provided in an embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0029] Figure 4 The structure of the special-shaped parts processing fixture provided in the embodiment of the present application is schematically shown in the working state. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 5 The structure of the special-shaped parts processing fixture provided in the embodiment of the present application is schematically shown in the working state. Figure 2 .

[0031] Description of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings:

[0032] 100-first fixture plate, 101-arc-shaped bearing surface, 102-negative pressure air hole, 103-main air flow joint, 200-second fixture plate, 201-support cushion block, 300-third fixture plate, 301-support positioning column, 400-main pressure block, 500-auxiliary pressure block, 600-lifting ring, 700-bottom plate, 800-wing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0035] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "fixation", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0036] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present application, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the meaning of "and / or" appearing in the full text includes three parallel schemes. Taking "A and / or B" as an example, it includes scheme A, or scheme B, or a scheme that satisfies both A and B. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the ability of ordinary technicians in the field to implement. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0037] Refer to the attached Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a special-shaped parts processing fixture, including a first fixture plate 100, a second fixture plate 200 and a third fixture plate 300, the first fixture plate 100 is used to support a base plate for placing a workpiece, the second fixture plate 200 and the third fixture plate 300 are alternately installed on the first fixture plate 100, and are used to be placed successively on two surfaces to be processed of the wing plate of the workpiece, providing support for the successive processing of the two surfaces of the wing plate of the workpiece.

[0038] Specifically:

[0039] See attached Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the first fixture plate 100 has an arc-shaped bearing surface 101 with the same curvature as the workpiece bottom plate. When processing the workpiece, the arc-shaped bottom plate of the workpiece is placed correspondingly on the arc-shaped bearing surface 101 of the first fixture plate 100. A number of negative pressure air holes 102 for negative pressure adsorption are arranged along the arc-shaped bearing surface 101. A negative pressure structure is arranged inside the first fixture plate 100. The negative pressure structure generates negative pressure, and the workpiece bottom plate is adsorbed and fixed on the arc-shaped bearing surface 101 through the negative pressure air holes 102, so that the bottom plate is subjected to more uniform force during the processing.

[0040] As an embodiment, in the above, the negative pressure structure includes a main airflow channel arranged inside the first clamp body and a plurality of auxiliary airflow channels connected to the main airflow channel, each auxiliary airflow channel is connected to a corresponding negative pressure air hole 102, and the main airflow channel is connected to an external negative pressure device through an airflow main channel joint 103. It is not difficult to understand that negative pressure is generated inside the first clamp body by the negative pressure device, and the negative pressure air hole 102 is used to adsorb the workpiece bottom plate onto the arc-shaped bearing surface 101, thereby fixing the workpiece bottom plate.

[0041] It is not difficult to find that only by using the negative pressure structure to fix the workpiece base during processing, it is easy to cause tool jumping, thus affecting the workpiece processing quality. For this reason, see Figure 2 As shown, the first fixture plate 100 is provided with a main pressure block 400 and an auxiliary pressure block 500 for pressing the bottom plate. The main pressure block 400 is pressed on both ends of the bottom plate, and a number of auxiliary pressure blocks 500 are arranged between the main pressure blocks 400. The main pressure plate is a conventional pressure block structure for mechanical processing, and is pressed on the top surface of the bottom plate to obtain a larger force-bearing area, so as to minimize the pressure deformation of the bottom plate. The auxiliary pressure block 500 is shaped like a Z-shaped structure, pressed on the side edge of the bottom plate, and the auxiliary pressure blocks 500 are installed at a certain distance. While ensuring that the base is fixed, the number of auxiliary pressure blocks 500 is minimized to avoid pressure deformation of the workpiece. Of course, in order to facilitate each processing, the main pressure block 400 and the auxiliary pressure block 500 can be quickly installed to the specified position. Preferably, a threaded hole for installing the main pressure block 400 is provided on the first fixture plate 100, and the main pressure block 400 is installed in the threaded hole by bolts. The tightness of the main pressure block 400 can be adjusted by adjusting the bolts. The first fixture plate 100 is also provided with a plurality of positioning grooves, and the auxiliary pressure block 500 is installed in the positioning grooves by means of bolts, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly positioning and installing the main pressure block 400 and the auxiliary pressure block 500.

[0042] At the same time, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second fixture plate 200 and the third fixture plate 300 are detachably mounted on the first fixture plate 100 by bolts, and the second fixture plate 200 is located on the first surface to be processed of the workpiece wing plate, and the third fixture plate 300 is located on the second surface to be processed of the workpiece wing plate. When processing the workpiece wing plate, the second fixture plate 200 is installed first. After the processing of the second surface to be processed is completed, the second fixture plate 200 is removed and the third fixture plate 300 is installed to process the first surface to be processed.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of supporting cushion blocks 201 are provided on the side of the second fixture plate 200 facing the workpiece wing plate, and the supporting cushion blocks 201 are in contact with the first surface to be processed. It should be noted that the second surface to be processed is a surface with more workpiece features. During processing, the second surface to be processed is processed first. Since the workpiece blank is still relatively thick at this time, the probability of deformation during the processing is relatively low, and the supporting cushion blocks 201 can have a certain buffering effect, which further helps to reduce the deformation of the workpiece.

[0044] A plurality of support and positioning columns 301 are arranged on the side of the third fixture plate 300 facing the workpiece wing plate. When processing the first surface to be processed, a plurality of process bosses are processed on the workpiece, and process holes are processed on the process bosses. The support and positioning columns 301 are inserted into the process holes to support the workpiece wing plate, thereby processing the first surface to be processed with relatively few workpiece features. At the same time, it can be understood that in order to ensure that the support and positioning columns 301 provide uniform support force to the workpiece wing plate, the support and positioning columns 301 are preferably five, which are respectively arranged at the four corner points and the center position of the wing plate.

[0045] Of course, in order to facilitate the installation of the second fixture plate 200 and the third fixture plate 300 on the first fixture plate 100, as shown in FIG. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the second fixture plate 200 and the third fixture plate 300 are both provided with lifting rings 600, and the second fixture plate 200 and the third fixture plate 300 can be easily replaced by a lifting device such as a crane.

[0046] Based on the above content, the present application embodiment also provides a method for using the above-mentioned special-shaped parts processing fixture, see Figures 4 to 5 As shown, including:

[0047] First, place the workpiece bottom plate along the arc-shaped bearing surface 101 where the first fixture plate 100 is located, and use a negative pressure structure to adsorb the workpiece bottom plate on the first fixture plate 100, and use the main pressure block 400 and the auxiliary pressure block 500 to further press and fix the bottom plate;

[0048] Then, the second fixture plate 200 is installed on the first fixture plate 100 by bolts, and the supporting cushion block 201 is made to fit with the first surface to be processed of the wing plate of the workpiece, and the second surface to be processed of the wing plate is processed;

[0049] After the second surface to be processed is completed, remove the second fixture plate 200, install the third fixture plate 300 on the first fixture plate 100 by bolts, and locate it on one side of the second surface to be processed. By aligning the support positioning column 301 with the process boss on the wing plate, the wing plate is supported by the third fixture plate 300 to complete the processing of the first surface to be processed.

[0050] It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application provides a special-shaped parts processing fixture and a method of using the same. By setting a first fixture plate with a negative pressure structure, the large-span arc-shaped base plate can be adsorbed and fixed, which can improve the uniformity of force when the large-span arc-shaped thin-walled base plate is clamped, and the deformation of the large-span arc-shaped base plate during clamping can be avoided. At the same time, the second fixture plate and the third fixture plate are alternately installed on the first fixture plate in sequence to support different processing surfaces of the high upright wing plate, thereby completing the sequential processing of the two processing surfaces of the wing plate, and using the second fixture plate and the third fixture plate to provide support for the wing plate to prevent deformation during processing, thereby effectively improving the processing quality of the workpiece.

[0051] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A special-shaped parts processing fixture, characterized in that: include: A first fixture plate, the first fixture plate is used to support and place the bottom plate, and the first fixture plate is provided with a negative pressure structure capable of adsorbing the bottom plate to the surface of the first fixture plate; a second fixture plate, the second fixture plate being detachably disposed upright on the first fixture plate, and the second fixture plate being supported and attached to the first surface to be processed of the wing plate; The third fixture plate is detachably and uprightly arranged on the first fixture plate, and the third fixture plate is located on the side of the second to-be-processed surface of the wing plate, and the third fixture plate fixes the wing plate through a supporting positioning column.

2. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first fixture plate has an arc-shaped bearing surface with the same curvature as that of the bottom plate, and a plurality of negative pressure air holes for negative pressure adsorption are arranged along the arc-shaped bearing surface.

3. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The negative pressure structure includes a main airflow channel arranged inside the first clamp body and a plurality of auxiliary airflow channels connected to the main airflow channel, each of the auxiliary airflow channels is correspondingly connected to one of the negative pressure air holes, and the main airflow channel is connected to an external negative pressure device.

4. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixture plate is provided with a main pressing block and an auxiliary pressing block for pressing the bottom plate, the main pressing block is pressed on both ends of the bottom plate, and a plurality of the auxiliary pressing blocks are arranged between the main pressing blocks.

5. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The first fixture plate is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves for installing the auxiliary pressure blocks, and the auxiliary pressure blocks are installed in the positioning grooves by bolts.

6. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of supporting cushion blocks are arranged on a side surface of the second fixture plate facing the wing plate.

7. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are at least five supporting and positioning columns, which are respectively arranged at the four corner points and the center position of the wing plate.

8. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second clamping plate and the third clamping plate are arranged on the first clamping plate by bolts.

9. The special-shaped parts processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second fixture plate and the third fixture plate are both provided with hanging rings.

10. A method for using the special-shaped parts processing fixture according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: Using the first fixture plate to support and place the bottom plate, and using the negative pressure structure to adsorb and fix the bottom plate on the surface of the first fixture plate; Install the second fixture plate on the first fixture plate, and support the second fixture plate to fit the first surface to be processed of the wing plate to process the second surface to be processed; After the second surface to be processed is processed, the second fixture plate is removed, and the third fixture plate is installed on the first fixture plate and located on one side of the second surface to be processed, and the supporting positioning column is connected to the process boss provided on the wing plate to process the first surface to be processed; After the first surface to be processed is processed, the third fixture plate is removed.

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