Lightweight sound-absorbing cotton composite material with strong sound insulation and noise reduction functions as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a lightweight sound-absorbing cotton composite material with strong sound insulation and noise reduction as well as a preparation method and application thereof, sound-absorbing cotton and a plastic film or a rubber and plastic damping film are bonded through glue and then are subjected to rolling bonding, then are fed into a drying tunnel to be dried and cured, and finally are rolled to obtain the sound-absorbing cotton composite material. The sound-absorbing cotton composite material is used for sealing a cabin or an automobile interior trim part. By means of the mode, the sound absorption and noise reduction effects are achieved, the strong sound insulation effect of noise reflection and damping vibration attenuation and noise reduction is achieved, the advantages of being low in density, low in cost and easy to manufacture are achieved, and the noise reduction effect is better when the sound absorption and noise reduction composite material is used in a closed cabin or an automobile interior.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of sound-absorbing materials, and in particular to a lightweight, highly sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Acoustic materials can be divided into sound-absorbing materials and sound-insulating materials according to their different functions. Sound absorption is mainly to solve the noisy feeling caused by the reflection of sound. Sound-absorbing materials can attenuate the reflected energy of the incident sound source, thereby achieving the fidelity effect of the original sound source. Sound insulation is mainly to solve the problem of the transmission of sound, which makes the subject feel noisy in the space. Sound insulation materials can attenuate the transmission energy of the incident sound source, thereby achieving a quiet state in the subject space.

[0003] Sound-absorbing cotton is a porous sound-absorbing material. The sound absorption mechanism is that there are a large number of tiny interconnected pores inside the material. Sound waves can penetrate into the material along these pores and rub against the material to convert sound energy into heat energy. The sound absorption characteristic of porous sound-absorbing materials is that the sound absorption coefficient gradually increases with the increase of frequency, which means that low-frequency absorption is not as good as high-frequency absorption. The necessary conditions for porous materials to absorb sound are: the material has a large number of gaps, the gaps are interconnected, and the pores penetrate deep into the material.

[0004] Sound-absorbing cotton can consume sound energy in the process of sound wave propagation, thus achieving the purpose of reducing noise. Sound waves have mechanical energy. When sound waves are incident on the surface of sound-absorbing cotton, part of the sound energy is reflected by the sound-absorbing cotton; part of it will enter the pores of the sound-absorbing cotton, and when it hits the air and tiny fibers, it will cause them to vibrate. Under the action of friction and viscosity, the sound energy is finally converted into heat energy; and part of it will penetrate the sound-absorbing cotton.

[0005] The main factors affecting the sound absorption performance of sound-absorbing cotton are thickness, density and air flow resistance. Density is the weight of material per cubic meter. Air flow resistance is the ratio of air pressure and air velocity on both sides of the material per unit thickness. Air flow resistance is the most important factor affecting the sound absorption performance of sound-absorbing cotton. If the flow resistance is too small, it means that the material is sparse, air vibration can easily pass through, and the sound absorption performance decreases; if the flow resistance is too large, it means that the material is dense, air vibration is difficult to pass through, and the sound absorption performance also decreases. For sound-absorbing cotton, there is an optimal flow resistance for sound absorption performance.

[0006] At present, the two common sound-absorbing cottons on the market are glass fiber sound-absorbing cotton and polyester fiber sound-absorbing cotton. Sound-absorbing cotton can consume sound energy during the propagation of sound waves to achieve the purpose of reducing noise, but the sound absorption coefficient of most sound-absorbing cottons is not high, resulting in poor noise reduction effect, and it is difficult to meet the technical index requirements of some car companies for sound-absorbing cotton. Summary of the invention

[0007] The main technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material and its preparation method and application. It has the effect of sound absorption and noise reduction, and also has a strong sound insulation effect of noise reflection, damping and vibration reduction and noise reduction. It has the advantages of lightweight density, low cost and easy manufacturing, and has a better noise reduction effect when used in closed cabins or car interiors.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material, including two layers of sound-absorbing cotton, the two layers of sound-absorbing cotton are connected by a plastic film layer or a rubber-plastic damping film layer to form an overall composite material, and the plastic film layer or the rubber-plastic damping film layer reflects the sound back into the sound-absorbing cotton.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, both sides of the plastic film layer or the rubber-plastic damping film layer are bonded to the sound-absorbing cotton by glue to form an integral composite material.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plastic film layer is a PE film, a PET film or a nylon film.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rubber-plastic damping film layer is a butyl rubber film or an EPDM ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber film or a silicone film.

[0012] In order to solve the above technical problems, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a method for preparing a lightweight, highly sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material, comprising the following steps: S1. unwinding a plastic film or a rubber-plastic damping film, and then applying glue on the upper and lower surfaces of the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping film; S2. unwinding the sound-absorbing cotton, and bonding the sound-absorbing cotton and the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping film together; S3. rolling and bonding the bonded sound-absorbing cotton and the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping film, and then sending them into a drying tunnel for drying and curing, and finally rolling them up to obtain the sound-absorbing cotton composite material.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drying temperature in S3 is 60-90° C. and the curing time is 1 hour.

[0014] In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide an automobile interior decoration part, in which the above sound-absorbing cotton composite material is arranged.

[0015] In order to solve the above technical problem, another technical solution adopted by the present invention is: to provide a closed cabin, in which the above sound-absorbing cotton composite material is arranged.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the lightweight, highly sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material and its preparation method and application can effectively absorb noise through the sound-absorbing cotton, and the internal plastic film layer or rubber-plastic damping film layer can reflect the incoming noise back into the sound-absorbing cotton, further improving the noise reduction and sound absorption effect.

[0017] The lightweight, highly sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material of the present invention and its preparation method and application adopt a combination of sound-absorbing cotton and a plastic film layer or a rubber-plastic damping film layer. The overall material is lightweight, low in cost and easy to prepare.

[0018] The lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material of the present invention, as well as its preparation method and application, can improve the noise reduction and sound insulation effect by 3 to 5 times when used in a closed cabin or automobile interior, providing a quiet and comfortable working environment in the closed cabin or automobile, which is beneficial to the physical and mental health of the people inside and improves work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work, among which: Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a lightweight, sound-absorbing cotton composite material with strong sound insulation and noise reduction according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the sound absorption coefficient of a foreign company's sound-absorbing cotton and the sound absorption coefficient index requirements of Shanghai General Motors; Figure 4 It is the sound absorption coefficient of the sound-absorbing cotton of a domestic company; Figure 5 It is a comparison table of the sound absorption coefficient of the present invention and the sound insulation value detected by the standing wave tube method; The markings of the components in the accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. sound-absorbing cotton, 2. plastic film layer, 3. rubber-plastic damping film layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification, so that people familiar with this technology can understand and read them, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions that the present invention can implement, so they have no substantial technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size should still fall within the scope that the technical content disclosed by the present invention can cover without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and so on quoted in this specification are only for the convenience of narration, and are not used to limit the scope that can be implemented. The change or adjustment of the relative relationship should also be regarded as the scope that the present invention can implement without substantially changing the technical content.

[0021] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 A lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material comprises two layers of sound-absorbing cotton 1, which are connected to form an integral composite material by a plastic film layer 2 or a rubber-plastic damping film layer 3, and the plastic film layer 2 or the rubber-plastic damping film layer 3 reflects the sound back into the sound-absorbing cotton 1. Both sides of the plastic film layer 2 or the rubber-plastic damping film layer 3 are bonded to the sound-absorbing cotton 1 by glue to form an integral composite material.

[0022] The plastic film layer 2 is a PE film, a PET film, a nylon film or the like.

[0023] The rubber-plastic damping film layer 3 is a butyl rubber film, an EPDM terpolymer rubber film, a silicone film or the like.

[0024] By combining the sound-absorbing cotton 1 and the plastic film layer 2 or the rubber-plastic damping film layer 3, the overall composite material can be made lightweight, novel in structure, easy to mass-produce, and low in cost, which is conducive to large-scale promotion and application in the automotive or other industries.

[0025] A plastic film layer 2 or a rubber-plastic damping layer is laid and bonded between the two layers of sound-absorbing cotton 1. The noise first enters the sound-absorbing cotton 1 and is partially absorbed. Then the unabsorbed noise hits the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping layer and is reflected, and enters the sound-absorbing cotton 1 again, thereby achieving secondary absorption of noise. The sound absorption coefficient can be effectively improved, and it has a strong sound insulation effect of reflecting noise, damping vibration and reducing noise.

[0026] A method for preparing a lightweight, highly sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material comprises the following steps: S1. unwinding a plastic film or a rubber-plastic damping film, and then applying glue on the upper and lower surfaces of the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping film; S2. unwinding the sound-absorbing cotton, and bonding the sound-absorbing cotton and the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping film together; S3. bonding the bonded sound-absorbing cotton and the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping film by rolling, and then sending them into a drying tunnel for drying and curing, the drying temperature is 60-90°C, the curing time is 1h, and finally rolling up to obtain the sound-absorbing cotton composite material.

[0027] An automobile interior part, in which the above-mentioned sound-absorbing cotton composite material is arranged. An enclosed cabin, in which the above-mentioned sound-absorbing cotton composite material is arranged. The sound-absorbing cotton composite material has a more obvious noise reduction effect when used in an enclosed cabin or automobile interior (the sound insulation effect is improved by 3 to 5 times), providing a quiet and comfortable working environment in the enclosed cabin or automobile, which is beneficial to the physical and mental health of the personnel inside and improves work efficiency.

[0028] Different from the prior art, the present invention has the effect of sound absorption and noise reduction, and also has a strong sound insulation effect of noise reflection, damping and vibration reduction. It has the advantages of light density, low cost and easy manufacturing, and has a better noise reduction effect when used in closed cabins or car interiors.

[0029] The present invention and its embodiments are described schematically above, and the description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by it and designs a structural method and an embodiment similar to the technical solution without creativity without departing from the purpose of the invention, they shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightweight, sound-absorbing cotton composite material with strong sound insulation and noise reduction, characterized in that: The invention comprises two layers of sound-absorbing cotton, which are connected by a plastic film layer or a rubber-plastic damping film layer to form an integral composite material. The plastic film layer or the rubber-plastic damping film layer reflects the sound back into the sound-absorbing cotton.

2. The lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Both sides of the plastic film layer or the rubber-plastic damping film layer are bonded to the sound-absorbing cotton by glue to form an integral composite material.

3. The lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The plastic film layer is a PE film, a PET film or a nylon film.

4. The lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rubber-plastic damping film layer is a butyl rubber film or an EPDM terpolymer rubber film or a silicone film.

5. A method for preparing the lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Unwind the plastic film or rubber-plastic damping film, and then apply glue on the upper and lower surfaces of the plastic film or rubber-plastic damping film; S2. Unwind the sound-absorbing cotton and bond the sound-absorbing cotton to the plastic film or rubber-plastic damping film; S3. The sound-absorbing cotton and the plastic film or the rubber-plastic damping film are bonded by rolling, and then sent into a drying tunnel for drying and curing, and finally rolled up to obtain a sound-absorbing cotton composite material.

6. The lightweight, strong sound-insulating and noise-reducing sound-absorbing cotton composite material according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The drying temperature in S3 is 60-90° C. and the curing time is 1 hour.

7. An automotive interior component, characterized in that: The interior trim is provided with a sound-absorbing cotton composite material as described in any one of claims 1-4.

8. A closed cabin, characterized in that: The cabin is provided with a sound-absorbing cotton composite material as described in any one of claims 1-4.

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