Pinellia ternate cultivation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of planting, in particular to a method for cultivating pinellia ternate. The invention provides a pinellia ternate cultivation method which comprises the following steps: (1) laying a substrate in an incubator to obtain a seedbed; (2) planting a seed source of pinellia ternate on the seedbed for cultivation; the cultivation comprises watering, soil covering and harvesting; the matrix comprises turfy soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer. According to the cultivation method, the yield of pinellia ternate can be remarkably increased, and the yield is stable; in the harvesting process, the labor cost can be reduced, and damage to the pinellia ternate due to conventional mechanical harvesting is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of Chinese medicinal material planting, and in particular to a method for cultivating pinellia tuber. Background Art

[0002] Pinellia termnata (Thunb.) Ten.ex Breitenb. is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Pinellia in the family Araceae. It has tubers, leaves at the base, long petioles, and often bulbils at the base of the petioles. The spadix has slender appendages; the flowers are monoecious and without perianth; the female part of the flower is adnate to the spathe. The berries are small and red when ripe. There are two ways of reproduction in Pinellia, sexual reproduction is completed through flowers, and vegetative reproduction is completed through bulbils and tubers. Because its tubers can be harvested in midsummer, it is called "Pinellia". Pinellia tubers are used as medicine, which is poisonous, can dry dampness and resolve phlegm, reduce adverse reactions and stop vomiting, and can eliminate carbuncle when used raw; it is mainly used to treat cough with phlegm, nausea and vomiting; it is used externally to treat acute mastitis and acute and chronic suppurative otitis media. It is used by veterinarians to treat lockjaw.

[0003] However, the yield of Pinellia ternata is low and unstable during its cultivation, and the development of artificial cultivation is slow. This is mainly due to the reduction of wild Pinellia ternata resources, and the difficulty of artificial cultivation in technology and management, which makes it difficult to guarantee the yield. In addition, Pinellia ternata cultivation requires a large number of bulbs. If the planting area is expanded, the supply in the market will be less and the price will be higher, forming a vicious circle.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating pinellia ternata with high and stable yield.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for cultivating pinellia ternata, comprising the following steps:

[0008] (1) laying a substrate in a culture box to obtain a seedbed;

[0009] (2) Planting the seeds of Pinellia ternata in a seedbed for cultivation;

[0010] The cultivation includes watering, covering with soil and harvesting;

[0011] The substrate includes peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer;

[0012] The mass ratio of the peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer is 6-8:3-5:1.

[0013] Preferably, the organic fertilizer comprises well-rotted farmyard manure and / or well-rotted compost.

[0014] Preferably, the method for preparing the substrate comprises the following steps: mixing peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer, and drying to obtain the substrate.

[0015] Preferably, the drying temperature is 30-40° C.; and the water content of the substrate is 4-10%.

[0016] Preferably, the substrate is laid at a depth of 10 to 20 cm.

[0017] Preferably, the planting spacing is 1 to 3 cm; the planting row spacing is 7 to 9 cm; and the planting depth is 4 to 6 cm.

[0018] Preferably, during the cultivation process, the moisture content of the seedbed is 20-30%; and the watering method is drip irrigation.

[0019] Preferably, the light intensity for the cultivation is 1500-4000 lx.

[0020] Preferably, the specific step of covering the soil is: covering the substrate when the pinellia buds grow to 0.7-1.2 cm, covering once every 15-25 days, each covering thickness is 1-3 cm higher than the pinellia buds, and the number of covering times is 7-10 times.

[0021] Preferably, the specific steps of harvesting are: pouring the matrix and the pinellia in the seedbed into a sieve, sieving out the matrix, and obtaining the pinellia.

[0022] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0023] The invention provides a method for cultivating pinellia ternata. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a matrix by mixing peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer. The matrix is ​​used for cultivation to reduce pests and diseases, thereby reducing the use of chemical agents. The light intensity and the water content of the seedbed are reasonably set to promote the growth and development of pinellia ternata. In a greenhouse cultivation process, the matrix is ​​covered on plant buds to promote plant bud germination, and then new plants grow out. The new plants continue to grow new plant buds, and the plant buds are covered with the matrix again. The process is repeated 7 to 10 times, and the yield of pinellia ternata can be significantly increased, and the yield is stable. Conventional field planting cannot realize the operation, so the yield is relatively low. In the harvesting process, the matrix and pinellia ternata only need to be poured into a sieve, and the matrix can be sieved out to harvest the pinellia ternata, so that the damage and loss of the pinellia ternata during the harvesting process can be reduced.

[0024] The cultivation method of the present invention has unique designs from substrate preparation, greenhouse cultivation to harvesting methods, can effectively improve the yield and quality of Pinellia ternata, and is worthy of further research and promotion and application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention provides a method for cultivating pinellia ternata, comprising the following steps:

[0026] (1) laying a substrate in a culture box to obtain a seedbed;

[0027] (2) Planting the seeds of Pinellia ternata in a seedbed for cultivation;

[0028] The cultivation includes watering, covering with soil and harvesting;

[0029] The substrate includes peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer;

[0030] The mass ratio of the peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer is 6-8:3-5:1, preferably 7:4:1.

[0031] In the present invention, the organic fertilizer includes decomposed farmyard manure and / or decomposed compost.

[0032] In the present invention, the method for preparing the substrate comprises the following steps: mixing peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer, and drying to obtain the substrate.

[0033] In the present invention, the substrate needs to be disinfected before drying; the disinfectant used for disinfection is wood vinegar and / or lime nitrogen;

[0034] In the present invention, the drying temperature is 30-40° C., preferably 33-37° C., and more preferably 35° C.; the water content of the substrate is 4-10%, preferably 6-8%, and more preferably 7%.

[0035] In the present invention, the substrate is laid to a depth of 10 to 20 cm, preferably 13 to 17 cm, and more preferably 15 cm.

[0036] In the present invention, cultivation is carried out in a light-permeable and air-permeable glass greenhouse, the temperature of the greenhouse is set at 20-30°C, five layers of culture racks are arranged in the greenhouse, each layer of the culture rack is installed with 4 supplementary lights, a water-permeable and air-permeable plastic box is selected as the culture box, and each culture box is installed with 4 vertical drip irrigation nozzles;

[0037] In the present invention, the seed source needs to be rinsed with 0.5% bleaching powder solution for 25 to 30 minutes before planting, then soaked with 75% thiophanate-methyl for 30 to 35 minutes, and dried;

[0038] The rinsing time of the 0.5% bleaching powder solution is preferably 27.5 minutes; the soaking time of the 75% thiophanate-methyl is preferably 32.5 minutes;

[0039] The thiophanate-methyl needs to be diluted 1000 to 1500 times, preferably 1250 times.

[0040] In the present invention, the planting distance is 1 to 3 cm, preferably 2 cm; the planting row distance is 7 to 9 cm, preferably 8 cm; the planting depth is 4 to 6 cm, preferably 5 cm.

[0041] In the present invention, during the cultivation process, the moisture content of the seedbed is 20-30%, preferably 23-27%, and more preferably 25%; the watering method is drip irrigation.

[0042] In the present invention, the light intensity for the cultivation is 1500-4000 lx, preferably 2500-3000 lx, and more preferably 2750 lx.

[0043] In the present invention, supplementary lighting is started after 6 to 8 days of cultivation, the light intensity before supplementary lighting is 1500 to 2000 lx, and the light intensity after supplementary lighting is 3000 to 4000 lx;

[0044] The time for starting supplementary light is preferably after 7 days of cultivation; the light intensity before supplementary light is preferably 1750 lx; ​​the light intensity after supplementary light is preferably 3500 lx;

[0045] The supplementary lighting time is 8 hours a day, 7:00-11:00 in the morning and 2:00-6:00 in the afternoon.

[0046] In the present invention, the specific steps of covering the soil are: covering the substrate when the buds of Pinellia ternata grow to 0.7-1.2 cm, covering once every 15-25 days, each covering thickness is 1-3 cm higher than the buds of Pinellia ternata, and the number of covering times is 7-10 times;

[0047] Preferably, the substrate is covered when the buds of Pinellia ternata grow to 0.95 cm, and the substrate is covered once every 20 days. The thickness of each covering is 2 cm higher than the buds of Pinellia ternata, and the number of covering times is 9 times.

[0048] In the present invention, the specific steps of harvesting are: pouring the matrix and the pinellia in the seedbed into a sieve, sieving out the matrix, and obtaining the pinellia.

[0049] The technical solutions provided by the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0050] Embodiment 1 A method for cultivating pinellia

[0051] (1) Cultivating in a light-permeable and air-permeable glass greenhouse, the temperature of the greenhouse is set to 25° C., a five-layer culture rack is set in the greenhouse, each layer of the culture rack is installed with 4 supplementary lights, and a breathable and water-permeable plastic box is selected as a culture box, each culture box is provided with 4 vertical drip irrigation nozzles, and the culture box is placed on the culture rack; peat soil, sandy soil and decomposed compost are mixed in a mass ratio of 7:4:1, sprayed with wood vinegar for disinfection, and dried at 35° C. to a water content of 5% to obtain a matrix; the matrix is ​​laid in the culture box to a laying depth of 15 cm to obtain a seedbed;

[0052] (2) Selecting disease-free Pinellia ternata seed sources of uniform size, washing with 0.5% bleaching powder solution for 30 minutes, soaking in 75% thiophanate-methyl diluted 1200 times for 35 minutes, drying, and planting in the seedbed for cultivation, with a planting spacing of 2 cm, a row spacing of 8 cm, and a depth of 5 cm;

[0053] During the cultivation process, drip irrigation was carried out on the seedbed to maintain the moisture content of the seedbed at 25%. The light intensity of the cultivation was 2000 lx. After 7 days of cultivation, supplementary light was applied to the light intensity of 3500 lx. The supplementary light time was 7:00-11:00 in the morning and 2:00-6:00 in the afternoon, 8 hours a day.

[0054] When the buds of Pinellia ternata grow to 1.0 cm, cover them with the substrate. Cover them once every 20 days. The thickness of each covering should be 2 cm higher than the buds of Pinellia ternata. Cover them 8 times.

[0055] When the pinellia is mature, pour the substrate and pinellia in the seedbed into the sieve, sieve out the substrate, and obtain the pinellia.

[0056] Embodiment 2 A method for cultivating pinellia

[0057] (1) Cultivating in a light-permeable and air-permeable glass greenhouse, the temperature of the greenhouse is set to 20° C., a five-layer culture rack is set in the greenhouse, each layer of the culture rack is installed with 4 supplementary lights, a breathable and water-permeable plastic box is selected as the culture box, each culture box is provided with 4 vertical drip irrigation nozzles, and the culture box is placed on the culture rack; peat soil, sandy soil and decomposed compost are mixed in a ratio of 6:5:1, sprayed with wood vinegar for disinfection, and dried at 30° C. to a water content of 8% to obtain a matrix; the matrix is ​​laid in the culture box to a laying depth of 10 cm to obtain a seedbed;

[0058] (2) Select disease-free Pinellia ternata seed sources of uniform size, rinse with 0.5% bleaching powder solution for 25 minutes, soak in 75% thiophanate-methyl diluted 1000 times for 30 minutes, dry, and plant in the seedbed for cultivation, with a planting distance of 3 cm, a row spacing of 7 cm, and a depth of 6 cm;

[0059] During the cultivation process, drip irrigation was carried out on the seedbed to maintain the moisture content of the seedbed at 30%. The light intensity of the cultivation was 1500lx. After 8 days of cultivation, supplementary light was applied to the light intensity of 3000lx. The supplementary light time was 7:00-11:00 in the morning and 2:00-6:00 in the afternoon, 8 hours a day.

[0060] When the buds of Pinellia ternata grow to 1.2 cm, cover them with the substrate. Cover them every 15 days. The thickness of each cover should be 1 cm higher than the buds of Pinellia ternata. Cover them 10 times.

[0061] When the pinellia is mature, pour the substrate and pinellia in the seedbed into the sieve, sieve out the substrate, and obtain the pinellia.

[0062] Embodiment 3 A method for cultivating pinellia

[0063] (1) Cultivating in a light-permeable and air-permeable glass greenhouse, the temperature of the greenhouse is set to 30° C., a five-layer culture rack is set in the greenhouse, each layer of the culture rack is equipped with 4 supplementary lights, and a breathable and water-permeable plastic box is selected as the culture box, each culture box is equipped with 4 vertical drip irrigation nozzles, and the culture box is placed on the culture rack; peat soil, sandy soil and decomposed compost are mixed in a ratio of 8:3:1, sprayed with lime nitrogen for disinfection, and dried at 40° C. to a water content of 6% to obtain a matrix; the matrix is ​​laid in the culture box to a laying depth of 20 cm to obtain a seedbed;

[0064] (2) Select disease-free Pinellia ternata seed sources of uniform size, rinse with 0.5% bleaching powder solution for 25 minutes, soak in 75% thiophanate-methyl diluted 1500 times for 32 minutes, dry, and plant in the seedbed for cultivation, with a planting spacing of 1 cm, a row spacing of 9 cm, and a depth of 4 cm;

[0065] During the cultivation process, drip irrigation was carried out on the seedbed to maintain the moisture content of the seedbed at 20%. The light intensity of the cultivation was 1800 lx. After 6 days of cultivation, supplementary light was applied to the light intensity of 4000 lx. The supplementary light time was 7:00-11:00 in the morning and 2:00-6:00 in the afternoon, 8 hours a day.

[0066] When the buds of Pinellia ternata grow to 0.8 cm, cover them with the substrate. Cover them every 25 days. The thickness of each cover should be 3 cm higher than the buds of Pinellia ternata. Cover them 7 times.

[0067] When the pinellia is mature, pour the substrate and pinellia in the seedbed into the sieve, sieve out the substrate, and obtain the pinellia.

[0068] Comparative Example 1 A method for cultivating Pinellia

[0069] The difference from Example 1 is that the planting spacing is 5 cm; the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0070] Comparative Example 2: A method for cultivating Pinellia ternata

[0071] The difference from Example 1 is that the planting row spacing is 5 cm; the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0072] Comparative Example 3: A method for cultivating Pinellia ternata

[0073] The difference from Example 1 is that the planting depth is 7 cm; the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0074] Comparative Example 4: A method for cultivating Pinellia ternata

[0075] The difference from Example 1 is that the substrate is prepared as follows: coconut husk, vermiculite and decomposed compost are mixed in a mass ratio of 7:4:1, sprayed with wood vinegar for disinfection, and dried at 35° C. to a water content of 5% to obtain a substrate; the other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0076] Comparative Example 5: A method for cultivating Pinellia ternata

[0077] The difference from Example 1 is that when the Pinellia ternata buds grow to 0.8 cm, the substrate is covered, and the covering is done once every 25 days. The thickness of each covering is 3 cm higher than the Pinellia ternata buds, and the covering is done 3 times. The other steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0078] Comparative Example 6: A method for cultivating pinellia

[0079] The difference from Example 1 is that no supplementary light treatment is performed, and the light intensity for cultivation is 1500 lx; ​​the other steps are the same as Example 1.

[0080] Experimental Example 1

[0081] On April 10, 2023, an experiment was conducted in Huangdian Town, Dingtao District, Heze City, Shandong Province; cultivation was carried out according to the methods described in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6, and other management measures were carried out according to conventional methods; the yield of Pinellia ternata described in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 was compared, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0082] Table 1 Yield of Pinellia ternata under different treatments

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 1, the yield of Pinellia ternata obtained by using the cultivation methods described in Examples 1 to 3 is higher than 900 kg / mu;

[0085] It can be seen from the comparison between Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 that the adjustment of the spacing between rows and plants, the planting depth and the substrate will affect the yield of Pinellia ternata;

[0086] It can be seen from the comparison between Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5 that the reduction of the number of covering times and the deletion of the light supplementation step will significantly reduce the yield of Pinellia ternata.

[0087] It can be seen from the above embodiments that the present invention provides a method for cultivating Pinellia ternata, which can significantly increase the yield of Pinellia ternata and maintain a stable yield; during the harvesting process, not only can the labor cost be reduced, but also the damage to Pinellia ternata can be reduced.

[0088] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Pinellia ternata, characterized in that: The steps include: (1) laying a substrate in a culture box to obtain a seedbed; (2) Planting the seeds of Pinellia ternata in a seedbed for cultivation; The cultivation includes watering, covering with soil and harvesting; The substrate includes peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer; The mass ratio of the peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer is 6-8:3-5:

1.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer includes decomposed farmyard manure and / or decomposed compost.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The preparation method of the matrix comprises the following steps: mixing peat soil, sandy soil and organic fertilizer, and drying to obtain the matrix.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The drying temperature is 30-40° C.; the water content of the matrix is ​​4-10%.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The substrate is laid at a depth of 10 to 20 cm.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The planting distance is 1 to 3 cm; the planting row distance is 7 to 9 cm; and the planting depth is 4 to 6 cm.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that During the cultivation process, the water content of the seedbed is 20-30%; the watering method is drip irrigation.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The light intensity of the cultivation is 1500-4000 lx.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The specific steps of soil covering are: covering the substrate when the buds of Pinellia ternata grow to 0.7-1.2 cm, covering once every 15-25 days, each covering thickness is 1-3 cm higher than the buds of Pinellia ternata, and the number of covering times is 7-10 times.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The specific steps of harvesting are: pouring the matrix and the pinellia in the seedbed into a sieve, sieving out the matrix, and obtaining the pinellia.

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