Oyster breeding method

Abstract

The invention relates to an oyster breeding method. The method comprises the following steps: S10, constructing a floating mat main body in a breeding sea area; s20, a cage frame is constructed, the cage frame comprises a frame, the frame comprises a plurality of supporting pipes arranged at intervals, and at least two floaters are arranged below the frame; s30, fixing a plurality of young oyster strings and / or oyster cages with fresh oysters on the cage frame at intervals through cables; s40, the cage frame is put into a floating mat body through a suspension arm; and S50, the cage frames in the floating mat main body are sequentially hoisted out through a suspension arm at set intervals, the cage frames and the oyster cages fixed to the cage frames are washed, the growth state of the oysters is observed after washing is finished, and the cage frames are put back into the floating mat main body. According to the oyster breeding method, the cage frame can be lifted out of the sea surface or connected with the floating mat body through the lifting arm of the workboat, the cage frame and attachments on the oyster cage can be conveniently and regularly cleaned, the growth condition of the oysters can be conveniently and regularly checked, and the problems of diseases and insect pests and the like can be timely found and treated, so that the death rate of the oysters is reduced, and the yield of the oysters is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, and in particular to an oyster culture method and a fish-oyster mixed culture method. Background Art

[0002] Oysters, also known as oysters, are the world's largest farmed shellfish and one of the important marine biological resources available to humans. They are globally distributed species. Oyster meat is delicious, nutritious, and has unique health functions and medicinal value. It is a seafood delicacy with high nutritional value and is an important marine aquaculture target in countries around the world.

[0003] At present, the main method of offshore farming of oysters is to culture them on floating rafts. This method uses PE buoys, inflatable buoys or foam buoys as floating objects, and uses floating rafts built of bamboo and wood to culture oysters in bunches. However, PE buoys, inflatable buoys and foam buoys are prone to aging and breakage during use, thereby releasing microplastics into the ocean and causing long-term pollution to the marine ecological environment. Bamboo and wood materials are prone to cracking and breaking due to long-term immersion in seawater and exposure to sunlight, which damages the farming frame and causes economic losses to farmers.

[0004] In recent years, due to the continuous expansion of oyster farming, the limited area of ​​coastal shallow waters has made it difficult for plankton to meet the demand for oyster seedlings, and oyster farming has begun to develop in the direction of deep-sea farming. However, the coastal areas have strong winds and waves, and the floating rafts are easily hit by the huge waves caused by typhoons and the impact of underwater undercurrents caused by typhoons, which may cause them to fall apart. Once the floating rafts fall apart, the oysters hanging at the bottom will be lost in the sea, which will cause huge losses to the farmers.

[0005] In addition, the existing oyster farming methods usually require farmers to work on the sea surface, fixing oyster cages on the floating rafts one by one or removing them from the floating rafts one by one, which has low working efficiency and is easily affected by the weather. On the one hand, although it is relatively safe to work on sunny days, the temperature is high, and farmers who stay on the sea surface for a long time are prone to heatstroke. On the other hand, on rainy days or typhoon days, the sea has strong winds and waves, which is relatively dangerous and cannot be operated. Especially in Guangdong, typhoon days and plum rain days are long, which can easily affect farmers' farming operation plans. Therefore, it is necessary to develop efficient and practical oyster farming technology and farming models to reduce farmers' workload and improve the economic benefits of oysters. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art and provide an oyster farming method.

[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an oyster farming method, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S10, constructing a floating raft body in the aquaculture sea area, wherein the width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow, the floating raft body comprises a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array, a plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body;

[0009] S20, constructing a cage, wherein the cage comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support tubes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body;

[0010] S30, fixing a plurality of oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages filled with oysters to the frame body and / or the support tube of the cage frame at intervals by means of cables;

[0011] S40, placing the cage into the floating row body through the crane arm for oyster farming: each cage is set on two adjacent floating row units, and the two ends of the cage are respectively connected to the two ends of the two adjacent floating row units; or, at least one cage is placed in each floating row unit, and the cage is detachably connected to the floating row unit.

[0012] S50. Management during the culture period: at regular intervals, the cages in the floating rack body are lifted out in turn by the crane arm, and the cages and the oyster cages fixed on the cages are rinsed. After the rinsing, the growth status of the oysters is observed, and the cages are put back into the floating rack body.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the oyster farming method provided by the present invention fixes the oyster cage on a cage frame that is detachably connected to the floating raft body. The farmer can lift the cage frame out of the sea or connect it to the floating raft body through the crane arm of the working boat, and can fix or separate the oyster cage from the cage frame on the working boat or on the shore, so as to facilitate the farmer's operation. Combining the cage frame with the floating raft can be used for oyster farming. The cage frame can provide a more stable growth environment for oysters, reduce the influence of natural factors such as wind and waves, and is conducive to the growth of oysters. It is also conducive to the refined management of oysters; the cage frame is quickly separated from the floating raft, so as to facilitate the regular cleaning of the attachments on the cage frame and the oyster cage to avoid the attachments affecting the oysters' eating. During the cleaning, the growth of the oysters can also be checked, so as to timely discover and deal with problems such as pests and diseases, thereby reducing the mortality rate of oysters and increasing the yield of oysters.

[0014] Furthermore, the floating row body includes a truss and a connecting pipe, the truss includes a floating pipe, a number of the floating pipes are arranged in a U-shape or a quasi-U-shape, and the floating pipes are connected by hot-melt; a number of the connecting pipes are connected to the inside of the truss, and the connecting pipes and / or the connecting pipes and the truss are enclosed to form a plurality of floating row units arranged in a rectangular array; the cage frame includes a frame and a float, the frame is used to hang oyster seedling strings and / or oyster cages, a number of the floats are fixed under the frame, and the cage frame is detachably connected to at least one of the floating row units. By setting the truss of the floating row assembly to a quasi-U-shape connected together by hot-melt, and connecting adjacent floating pipes together through a plurality of connectors, it is not easy to fall apart, thereby improving the stability and wind and wave resistance of the truss, and at the same time, by connecting a plurality of connecting pipes to the inner side of the truss to form a stable mesh structure, the stability of the truss is further enhanced, and the serious impact of the truss falling apart on the environment, oyster production, etc. is avoided.

[0015] Furthermore, the middle part of each cage is laid on the common connecting pipe of two adjacent floating row units, and the ends of the frame are laid on the floating pipes and / or connecting pipes on both sides of the two adjacent floating row units, and / or the frame is connected to the floating pipes and / or connecting pipes on both sides of the two adjacent floating row units through cables or fasteners; a plurality of floats are respectively arranged in the area of ​​the frame located in each floating row unit; a plurality of hooks are arranged on the frame for connecting the boom. By laying the two ends and the middle part of the long tube on the floating pipe and the connecting pipe, a more stable support of the cage assembly is achieved, and the force of the cage assembly on the floating pipe and / or the connecting pipe is avoided to be mainly concentrated on the connection of the binding rope or the fastener, which makes the connection between the floating pipe and / or the connecting pipe and the binding rope or the fastener easy to be damaged.

[0016] Furthermore, the cage frame also includes vertically arranged vertical bars and horizontally arranged cross bars, and the top ends of the plurality of vertical bars are fixedly connected to the frame; the cross bars include a first cross bar fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the vertical bars to form a rectangular frame structure, and a second cross bar fixedly connected to the first cross bar at both ends, and a plurality of the second cross bars are arranged corresponding to the support tubes for fixing the bottom of the oyster cage; a plurality of the cage frames are respectively arranged in a floating row unit, and are connected to the floating row unit by cables or fasteners. By arranging vertical bars and cross bars to form a cage frame space for accommodating oyster cages, no additional fixing devices are required to fix the frame and oyster cages during harvesting and washing, and the cross bars and the frame respectively fix the two ends of the oyster cages, which can prevent the oyster cages from swinging due to water pressure during washing, thereby improving the washing effect and reducing energy consumption.

[0017] Furthermore, the lengths of the sides of the frame are equal; the step S50 includes: every 1-2 months, the cages in the floating row body are hoisted out in turn, the side of the cages facing the length direction of the floating row body is turned to face the width direction of the floating row, and the cages are put back into the floating row body; every 3-4 months, the cages in the floating row body are hoisted out in turn, the cages and oyster cages are rinsed, and the cages are installed back into the floating row body after the rinsing is completed; during the rinsing process, the growth status of the oysters is detected. By regularly cleaning the attachments on the cages and oyster cages, the attachments are prevented from affecting the feeding of the oysters. During the cleaning, the growth status of the oysters can also be checked, so as to timely discover and deal with problems such as pests and diseases, thereby reducing the mortality rate of oysters and increasing the yield of oysters.

[0018] Further, in step S30, the spacing between the oyster cages or oyster seedlings is greater than 400mm, and the aquaculture water depth of the oyster cages or oyster seedlings is maintained at 0.5-2.2m; each seedling collector is provided with 10 pieces of attached shells, the spacing between the attached shells is about 10cm, and each piece of attached shells is attached with 5-30 oyster seedlings, and when the oyster seedlings on the oyster seedlings string grow to a shell length of about 2-3mm, several cages are moved to the aquaculture sea area; the oyster cage includes several aquaculture chambers separated by several partitions, the radius of the partition is about 15cm, the spacing between the partitions is 15-20cm, and about 15 single oyster seedlings are placed in each aquaculture chamber. Through this setting, the aquaculture density of oysters is controlled appropriately to ensure that each oyster has enough growth space to avoid squeezing each other and affecting growth and breathing.

[0019] Further, the step S30 includes: tying a number of seedling collectors on a cage frame, placing the cage frame into a seawater cultivation pool for culturing oyster seedlings to collect seedlings, obtaining a number of oyster seedling strings, and then attaching a net to the outside of the oyster seedling strings; the individual oyster seedlings are obtained by the following steps: placing the cage frame with the oyster seedling string into the floating raft body for culturing, and when the oyster seedlings on the oyster seedling string grow to a shell length of 5-7cm and a width of 2-3cm, the cage frame is lifted out of the floating raft body, and the oyster seedlings on the oyster seedling string are peeled off to obtain individual oyster seedlings. In the seedling collection stage, the cage frame is used to hang the seedling collector for adaptive breeding, and then it is moved to the breeding sea area for breeding. During the entire breeding period, the seedling collector and the oyster cage only need to be fixed and disassembled once, which reduces the workload of the breeder and also reduces the impact on the growth of oysters.

[0020] Furthermore, the floating pipe, connecting pipe and frame are all made of HDPE material; reinforcing material is provided in the support pipe to strengthen the strength of the support pipe. The floating raft body and cage frame are mainly made of HDPE raw materials, which have the advantages of being more wear-resistant, UV-resistant, better ductile, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant; and the support pipe supporting the oyster cage is set as a reinforced pipe to improve the local strength and service life of the cage frame, so that the cage frame can still maintain the integrity and stability of the structure under severe sea conditions; while other parts are not reinforced to reduce the weight of the cage frame, increase the buoyancy of the cage frame, and reduce the pressure of the cage frame on the floating raft body. The increase in buoyancy helps to offset the downward pressure generated by wind and waves on the floating raft body and the cage frame, and reduce the possibility of the floating raft body tilting, sinking or even capsizing.

[0021] Furthermore, the oyster seedling culture includes: in step S30, every 1-2 months, the cages in the floating row body are sequentially hoisted, the cages and oyster cages are rinsed, and the growth status of the oysters is detected, and the cages are installed back to the floating row body after the rinsing. The cages provided by the present invention are convenient for regular rinsing, which is conducive to washing away biological attachments such as algae and shellfish that block the net cages and other sediments, thereby maintaining the smooth flow of the net cages, improving the water exchange effect, and preventing attachments from affecting the feeding of oysters. In addition, the growth of oysters is checked during cleaning, so as to timely discover and deal with problems such as pests and diseases, thereby reducing the mortality rate of oysters and increasing the yield of oysters.

[0022] Furthermore, the present invention also provides a method for polyculture of fish and oysters, comprising the following steps:

[0023] S100, constructing a floating raft body in the aquaculture sea area, wherein the width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow, the floating raft body comprises a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array, a plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body;

[0024] S200, constructing a cage frame, wherein the cage frame comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support pipes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body; and an oyster row net is connected to the outer side of the float row body to construct a fish farming cage;

[0025] S300, fixing a plurality of oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages containing oysters to the frame body and / or the support tube of the cage frame at intervals by means of cables;

[0026] S400, placing the cage into the floating row body through the crane arm, with one cage placed in each floating row unit, the cage being detachably connected to the floating row unit, or each cage being arranged on two adjacent floating row units, with two ends of the cage being respectively connected to two ends of the two adjacent floating row units; and placing the fry into the fish farming cage for mixed culture of fish and oysters;

[0027] S500. Management during the breeding period: Feed the fry regularly; every 1-2 months, lift the cages out of the sea and rinse the oyster cages fixed on the cages. After rinsing, install the cages back on the floating rack body.

[0028] By connecting oyster cages to the outside of oyster cages to form fish cages, fish and oysters can be mixed and cultured to maximize resource utilization and improve ecological and economic benefits: oysters, as filter-feeding shellfish, can filter and absorb suspended matter, organic debris and algae in the water, effectively purify water quality, reduce eutrophication of water bodies, and provide fish with a cleaner living environment. Fish excrement (such as fish feces) is a high-quality feed for oysters, and the filtration of oysters promotes water purification. A good ecological cycle is formed between the two, which is conducive to maintaining the ecological balance of the water body. In addition, by feeding fish with scientifically proportioned feed, the fish feces produced are directly used as feed for oysters, reducing the cost of purchasing feed, and the filtration of oysters also reduces the cost of water treatment. Moreover, in the mixed fish and oyster culture mode, farmers can obtain the benefits of both fish and oysters at the same time, which improves the output rate and economic benefits of each unit of water.

[0029] Further, the floating row body includes a truss and a connecting pipe, the truss includes a floating pipe, a plurality of the floating pipes are arranged in a U-shaped or U-shaped shape, the floating pipes are connected by hot melting, two adjacent floating pipes are connected in parallel by a plurality of connecting pieces, and the connecting pipe and / or the floating pipes enclose a plurality of floating row units arranged in a rectangular array; the connecting piece includes a first bracket, the first bracket has jacks on both sides for connecting the floating pipes, the first bracket is provided with a handrail column on the top, and the handrail column is provided with a plurality of connecting holes; the floating row body also includes a fixing pipe, the fixing pipe passes through the connecting holes of each first bracket in turn, and is connected end to end in turn to form a rectangular frame; the top of the oyster row net is connected to the rectangular frame, and the middle is connected to the truss; the height of the above-water part of the oyster row net is greater than 0.8m, and the depth of the underwater part is 3.5-4.5m. Through this setting, fish are prevented from jumping out of the fish farming cage from above the oyster row net, affecting economic benefits, and can protect people walking or working on the pedals from slipping and falling into the sea. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of oyster farming according to Example 1 of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 for Figure 1 BB cross-section diagram.

[0032] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of .

[0033] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the floating row body.

[0034] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the truss of the floating row body is shown.

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the connector.

[0036] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cage structure.

[0037] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection between the cage frame and the oyster cage.

[0038] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Side view of the cage stand and oyster cage shown.

[0039] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cage described in Example 2.

[0040] Fig.11 This is a schematic diagram of the fish and oyster polyculture described in Example 3.

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Example 1

[0043] This embodiment provides an oyster farming method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S10. Construct a floating raft body in the aquaculture sea area. The width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow. The floating raft body includes a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array. A plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and are connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body.

[0045] Among them, deep sea areas with abundant bait and not affected by inland environment are selected. The water depth is 10-20m, the water temperature is 12-30℃, the water quality is clear and the fluidity is good. The waters that meet the national first-class fishery aquaculture water requirements are selected as aquaculture areas. Specifically, muddy bottom sea areas are rich in nutrients, and marine microalgae grow rapidly, so the bait is abundant, which is suitable for the growth of oysters and helps to shorten the cultivation time of oysters. Deep sea areas that are not affected by inland environment can be far away from inland pollution sources to ensure the quality and safety of oysters. Appropriate seawater flow rate can provide oysters with sufficient oxygen and food (such as plankton, bacteria, algae, etc.), promote their healthy growth, and at the same time, moderate seawater flow rate also helps to keep the aquaculture environment clean and reduce the occurrence of diseases.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 1-6 As shown, the floating row body 10 includes a truss 11, a connecting pipe 12, a floating barrel 13 and a connecting piece 14. The connecting pipe 12 is connected to the inside of the truss 11 to form a plurality of floating row units A arranged in a rectangular array.

[0047] See also Figure 2-5 The truss 11 includes a transverse floating tube 111 and a vertical floating tube 112. A plurality of the transverse floating tubes 111 and a plurality of the vertical floating tubes 112 are connected by heat-melting at the head and tail parts in sequence to form a truss 11 arranged in a U-shaped or quasi-U-shaped shape. Between two adjacent transverse floating tubes 111, two vertical floating tubes 112 are arranged in parallel with each other through a plurality of connecting members 14. Preferably, the head and tail parts of the two transverse floating tubes 111 and the two vertical floating tubes 112 are connected by heat-melting in sequence to form a first rectangular frame, and the two transverse floating tubes 111 and the two vertical floating tubes 112 are surrounded to form a second rectangular frame slightly smaller than the first rectangular frame. One end of the two transverse floating tubes 111 and the two vertical floating tubes 112 in the second rectangular frame protrudes from the second rectangular frame and is connected to the vertical floating tubes 112 or the transverse floating tubes 111 of the first rectangular frame to form a quasi-U-shaped rectangular truss 11. In this embodiment, the ends of each floating tube are connected to other floating tubes by hot-melt, the middle of each floating tube is connected to other floating tubes by a plurality of connectors 14, and the ends of each connecting tube 12 are fixedly connected to the second rectangular frame to enhance the stability of the truss 11 and prevent the truss 11 from falling apart due to wind and waves.

[0048] The connecting pipe 12 includes a transverse connecting pipe 121 and a vertical connecting pipe 122. The transverse connecting pipe 121 includes a first transverse connecting pipe 121a and a second transverse connecting pipe 121b. The first transverse connecting pipe 121a is disposed in the middle of the second direction of the truss 11, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the width direction of the truss 11, and two first transverse connecting pipes 121a are connected in parallel to each other through a plurality of connecting members 14. A plurality of vertical connecting pipes 122 and a plurality of second transverse connecting pipes 121b are spaced between the transverse floating pipe 111 and the adjacent first transverse connecting pipe 121a. One end of the vertical connecting pipe 122 is fixedly connected to the transverse floating pipe 111b or the first transverse connecting pipe 121a, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second transverse connecting pipe 121b. The two ends of the second transverse connecting pipe 121b are respectively fixedly connected to the two vertical floating pipes 112b. In this embodiment, the first direction is the length direction of the floating row assembly 10, the second direction is the width direction of the floating row assembly 10, the widths of the floating row units A in the second direction of the truss 11 are consistent, and at least two floating row units A have different lengths. Preferably, the lengths of the floating row units A at both ends of the truss 11 in the first direction are less than the lengths of the floating row units A in the middle of the truss 11 in the first direction, and the lengths of the floating row units A in the second direction are different. In other embodiments, the first direction may also be the width direction, and the second direction may also be the length direction, without limitation thereto.

[0049] The plurality of buoys 13 are fixedly mounted on the bottom of the truss 11 and / or the bottom of the two first transverse connecting pipes 121 a, and the narrow sides of the buoys 13 are arranged facing the water flow direction to reduce the force of the water flow and waves on the floating raft body 10 and improve the stability of the floating raft body 10.

[0050] See also Figure 6 The connecting member 14 includes a bracket 141, which is an integrally formed bracket structure. The left and right sides of the bracket 141 are provided with plug holes 142. The floating tube or the connecting tube 12 passes through the plug holes 142 to achieve the connection between the connecting member 14 and two adjacent floating tubes or two adjacent connecting tubes 12. The connecting member 14 connected to the floating tube also includes a handrail column 143 fixed on the top of the bracket 141. The handrail column 143 is located on the outside of the truss 11, and a plurality of connecting holes 143a are provided on the handrail column 143. The floating row body 10 also includes a fixed pipe 16, which passes through the corresponding connecting holes 143a of each connecting member 14 in sequence, and is connected end to end in sequence to form a fixed frame. The multi-layer fixed frame further enhances the stability of the truss 11 and protects people walking on the pedals. Preferably, two connection holes 143a are provided on the handrail column 143, the distance between the two connection holes 143a is 50-70cm, and the height of the connection piece 14 with the handrail column 143 is 110-130cm.

[0051] The pedal 15 is disposed above the truss 11 and / or the connecting pipe 12. Specifically, a pedal mounting base is disposed on the top of the bracket 141, and the pedal 15 is fixedly connected to the pedal mounting base via a locking member. Preferably, the width of the pedal is greater than 350 mm and the thickness is greater than 65 mm.

[0052] A plurality of anchor piles 30 are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the floating row body 10 and are respectively connected to the width direction of the floating row body 10. By fixing the anchor piles 30 on both sides of the width direction of the floating row body 10, the influence of wind and waves on the width direction of the floating row body 10 is reduced, and the wind and wave resistance of the oyster rack is further improved.

[0053] Preferably, the truss 11 and the connecting pipe 12 are made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) material, and the connecting piece 14 is injection molded using HDPE raw material. More preferably, the second transverse connecting pipe 121b is an HDPE pipe with reinforcing ribs or reinforcing layers inside to withstand the downward pressure of the cage assembly 20 on the second transverse connecting pipe 121b. By enhancing the strength of the local position of the floating raft body 10, the floating raft body 10 can reduce the gravity and increase the buoyancy as much as possible while increasing the strength of the position that mainly bears the gravity or pressure of the oyster cage, thereby preventing the floating raft body 10 from being damaged or falling apart due to insufficient strength, resulting in the loss of the oyster cage and affecting economic benefits. In addition, the floating raft body made of HDPE raw material has the advantages of being more wear-resistant, UV-resistant, better ductility, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant, and can avoid seawater immersion and long-term sun and rain corrosion of the floating raft body, resulting in its damage and difficulty in repair.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the floating pipe is a HDPE pipe with an outer diameter of 315 mm and a wall thickness of 12 mm or more, and the connecting pipe 12 is a HDPE pipe with an outer diameter of 300 mm or more and a wall thickness of 15 mm or more. In other embodiments, the sizes of the truss 11 and the connecting pipe 12 can be set according to specific needs.

[0055] S20, constructing a cage frame, wherein the cage frame comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support tubes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body.

[0056] Specifically, see Figure 1-9The cage 20 includes a frame 21 and a float 22. The frame 21 includes a long tube 211, a short tube 212 and a support tube 213. At least two of the long tubes 211 and at least two of the short tubes 212 are perpendicular to each other to form a rectangular frame body. A plurality of support tubes 213 are arranged above the long tubes 211 at intervals, extend along the length direction of the short tubes 212, and are fixedly connected to at least two of the long tubes 211. At least two of the floats 22 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame 21 and are fixedly connected to the corresponding long tubes 211 and / or the short tubes 212 to provide buoyancy for the cage 20 and maintain the balance and stability of the cage 20.

[0057] Preferably, the frame 21 is made of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) material. More preferably, the support tube 213 and the short tube 212 are provided with reinforcing ribs or reinforcing layers inside to improve the strength of the HDPE tube. The reinforcing ribs or reinforcing layers include reinforcing materials such as glass fiber. By enhancing the strength of the local position of the cage frame 20, the cage frame 20 can reduce the gravity as much as possible, increase the buoyancy, and improve the strength of the position that mainly bears the gravity or pressure of the oyster cage, thereby preventing the cage frame 20 from being damaged or falling apart due to insufficient strength, resulting in the loss of the oyster cage and affecting economic benefits. Furthermore, by setting the support tubes for supporting the oyster cages as reinforced tubes, the local strength and service life of the cage frame 20 are improved, so that the cage frame 20 can still maintain the structural integrity and stability under severe sea conditions; while other parts are not reinforced to reduce the weight of the cage frame 20, increase the buoyancy of the cage frame 20 and the downward pressure of the cage frame 20 on the floating row body 10, thereby helping to offset the downward pressure generated by wind and waves on the cage frame 20 and the floating row body 10, and reduce the possibility of the cage frame 20 and the floating row body 10 tilting, sinking or even capsizing.

[0058] Further, in some embodiments, the long tube 212 and the short tube 211 use a HDPE tube with an outer diameter of 125 mm and a wall thickness greater than or equal to 7.4 mm, and the support tube 213 uses a HDPE tube with an outer diameter of 90 mm and a wall thickness greater than or equal to 6.7 mm. In other embodiments, the sizes of the long tube 212, the short tube 211 and the support tube 213 can be set according to specific needs.

[0059] S30. Fix several oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages filled with oysters on the frame body and / or the support tube of the cage frame at intervals through cables; wherein the oyster seed string is an attached shellfish string with several oyster seedlings attached, the attached shellfish string comprises several attached shellfish and ropes, the surface of the attached shellfish is provided with rope threading holes, the inside of the rope threading holes is penetrated by ropes, several oyster seedlings are attached to the attached shellfish, and the net cover is arranged outside the oyster seed string; the oyster cage comprises a net cage and a multi-layer partition arranged in the net cage, the net cage is provided with several flexible cables passing through and fixing the partition, and the net cage is divided by the partition to form several breeding chambers.

[0060] Specifically, see Figure 8-9 , the tops of several oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages are arranged on the short tube 212 and the support tube 213 of the cage frame 20 at intervals through cables, the spacing between the oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages is greater than 400mm, and the distance between the top partition of the oyster cage and the frame 21 is 0.5-1m. In some embodiments, the cage frame 20 also includes fasteners, several of which are fixed to the support tube 213 and / or the short tube 212, the oyster seed strings or oyster cages are connected to the fasteners through cables, and the oyster cages are conveniently and quickly installed or removed by manually opening and closing the fasteners.

[0061] Furthermore, the step S30 further includes the following steps:

[0062] S31, tie a number of seedling collectors on a cage frame, put the cage frame into the seawater cultivation pond for culturing oyster seedlings to collect seedlings, obtain a number of oyster seedling strings, and then attach nets to the outside of the oyster seedling strings. Specifically, select healthy and vigorous oyster seedlings to ensure that the seedlings are disease-free, genetically excellent and highly adaptable, and then place the oyster seedlings of appropriate density in the seawater cultivation pond for cultivation, provide sufficient plankton as food during the period, and control the water temperature of the seawater cultivation pond to 20-25°C and the salinity to 28-35‰. When 70-80% of the oyster seedlings have eye spots, put attached shell strings as seedling collectors, the oyster seedlings are attached to the attached shells, and microalgae (such as Chlorella, diatoms, etc.) are put daily as the main food source for the oyster seedlings.

[0063] When collecting seedlings, the attached shellfish string is tied to the cage frame, and the cage frame is hung or suspended in the seawater cultivation pool for seedling collection. Each piece of attached shellfish is attached with 5-30 oyster seedlings to obtain a number of oyster seedling strings. When the oyster seedlings on the oyster seedling string grow to a shell length of about 2-3 mm (shell length refers to the length of the oyster shell measured along its longest axis), a net is attached to the outside of the oyster seedling string. In other embodiments, the attached shellfish string can be first tied to a crossbar and hung in a seawater cultivation pool for seedling collection. After the seedling collection is completed, the attached shellfish string is fixed to the cage frame. In addition, during the cultivation period, the density of oyster seedlings in the seawater cultivation pool is adjusted according to the growth status of the oyster seedlings. Usually, the cultivation density of the D-shaped larvae of the oyster seedlings is controlled to be about 5 / mL, and the cultivation density of the eye-spot larvae is controlled to be about 1 / mL.

[0064] The seawater culture pond uses deep ocean water and changes water every day to allow oyster seedlings to adapt to the deep-sea farming environment in advance and enhance the survival rate of oysters in deep-sea farming. The remaining bait, feces, dead oysters and other debris in the seawater culture pond are cleaned regularly to ensure the clean water quality, which can meet the national requirements for Class I fishery farming water.

[0065] S32, placing individual oyster seedlings of appropriate density into oyster cages, and then fixing the tops of several oyster cages to the cage racks by cables. The spacing between oyster cages in each cage rack is greater than 400 mm, the top of the oyster cage is 0.5-1 m from the sea surface, the height of the oyster cage is 1-1.5 m, and the shell of the individual oyster seedling is 5-7 cm long and 2-3 cm wide.

[0066] The culture density of oysters in oyster cages is determined according to the size of the oysters, the growth stage and the specific conditions of the culture facilities. Too high a density will cause the oysters to squeeze each other, affecting their growth and breathing, while too low a density will reduce economic benefits. Specifically, in this embodiment, the oyster cage is provided with six layers of partitions, each with a radius of about 15 cm, and the spacing between the partitions is 15-20 cm, that is, the oysters are cultured in an area 0.5-2.5 m from the sea surface, and the density of oysters is about 15 per culture chamber to ensure that each oyster has enough growth space to avoid squeezing each other and affecting their growth and breathing. In other embodiments, the size and number of partitions in the oyster cage can be set according to specific needs, and the density of oysters can be adjusted according to the size of the oysters, the size of the oyster cage, etc.

[0067] Furthermore, the individual oyster seedlings can be purchased directly, or obtained by the following method: the cage frame fixing the oyster seedling strings is placed in a seawater cultivation pond or a floating raft body for cultivation, and when the oyster seedlings on the oyster seedling strings grow to a shell length of 5-7cm and a width of 2-3cm, the cage frame is taken out, and the oysters on the oyster seedling strings are peeled off to obtain the individual oyster seedlings.

[0068] Furthermore, in some embodiments, step S30 further includes: setting up an indoor operation room on the shore or on the operation vessel, completing the fixing of the oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages to the cage frames in the indoor operation room, and completing the peeling of the oysters from the oyster seed strings and placing the individual oyster seedlings into the oyster cages in the indoor operation room. Through this setting, farmers can reduce the direct operation on the sea surface, improve the safety of the operation environment, and avoid the operation being affected by the weather.

[0069] S40, transfer the cages fixed with oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages from the shore to the aquaculture sea area by means of an operating boat, and place the cages into the floating row body by means of a crane arm for oyster aquaculture: each cage is arranged on two adjacent floating row units, and the two ends of the cage are respectively connected to the two ends of the two adjacent floating row units; or, at least one cage is placed in each floating row unit, and the cage is detachably connected to the floating row unit. Preferably, a plurality of cages are arranged along the length direction of adjacent floating row units, and extend along the width direction of two adjacent floating row units, so that the two ends and the middle of the cage are respectively connected to the length direction of two adjacent floating row units.

[0070] Specifically, see Figure 1-2, each of the cages 20 is arranged on at least two floating row units A. Specifically, the frame 21 of the cage 20 is set on the common connecting pipe 12 between at least two adjacent floating row units A, and the cage 20 is located in the area of ​​each floating row unit A. A plurality of oyster cages are hung on the frame 21, and a plurality of floats 22 are fixed at the bottom, and at least two cages are arranged on the two adjacent floating row units. By setting the cage 20 to be set on the connecting pipe 12 between at least two floating row units A, the mechanized installation of the cage 20 and the harvesting cage 20 are convenient. Furthermore, the cage 20 is connected to the truss 11 and / or the connecting pipe 12 forming the floating row unit A by cables or fasteners, so as to improve the stability and wind and wave resistance of the oyster rack and prevent the cage 20 from being separated from the floating row body 10.

[0071] Furthermore, one end of the long tube 211 of the cage 20 is laid on the truss 11 and is clamped with the connecting piece 14 on the truss 11, and one end is laid on the first transverse connecting pipe 121a and is clamped with the connecting piece 14 on the first transverse connecting pipe 121a, thereby facilitating the rapid installation of the cage 20 and the floating row body 10.

[0072] In other embodiments, at least one cage 20 is disposed in each floating row unit A, and the cage 20 is detachably connected to both ends of the floating row unit A.

[0073] Furthermore, the cage 20 also includes hooks, and a plurality of the hooks are symmetrically arranged on the frame 21 . The hooks cooperate with the hooks of the boom to facilitate the installation or harvesting of the cage 20 by the boom of the work boat.

[0074] S50. Management during the culture period: At regular intervals, the cages in the floating rack body are hoisted out in turn, and the cages and the oyster cages fixed on the cages are rinsed. After the rinsing is completed, the growth status of the oysters is observed, and the cages are placed back into the floating rack body. When the oysters grow to commercial specifications, the oysters are harvested.

[0075] Further, the step S50 specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] S51. During the oyster cage culture period, the cage frames in the floating rack body are hoisted out one by one every 1-2 months, and the cage frames and oyster cages are rinsed. After the rinsing is completed, the cage frames are installed back into the floating rack body. During the rinsing process, the growth status of the oysters is tested to facilitate timely detection of diseases and intervention. At the same time, the cage frames and oyster cages are checked and repaired in a timely manner.

[0077] In this embodiment, a water pump is used to wash the cage frame and the oyster cage. The maximum head of the water pump is 30m and the maximum flow rate is 20m. 3 / h. Regular flushing is helpful to wash away algae, shellfish and other biological attachments and other sediments that clog the cages, thereby keeping the cages unobstructed, improving the water exchange effect, and preventing attachments from affecting oysters' feeding.

[0078] In addition, online water quality monitoring equipment can be used to monitor the temperature, salinity, pH value, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, etc. of the aquaculture area during oyster cage farming, and adjust the cleaning frequency of the oyster cages according to the water quality. When the water quality is poor, the cleaning frequency of the oyster cages can be increased; the blockage of the oyster cages can also be directly observed. If the mesh of the oyster cages is covered with mud, the oyster cages can be flushed.

[0079] In order to shorten the cultivation time of oysters, the types and concentrations of microalgae in the cultivation area can be regularly tested during oyster cage cultivation, and microalgae bait can be added to the cultivation area based on the test results to promote the growth of oysters.

[0080] In addition, each time the cages and oyster cages are rinsed, they can be inspected and repaired in a timely manner to avoid damage to them and loss of oysters.

[0081] S52. After 1-2 years of natural cultivation, oysters can be harvested when they reach the commercial size of 12-15cm and the soft part is plump. When harvesting, each cage rack is lifted out of the sea in turn, the oyster cages on the cage racks are removed, and the oysters in the oyster cages are harvested.

[0082] Among them, using ships and cranes to lift cages can improve work efficiency and reduce the workload of farmers.

[0083] The oyster farming method provided in this embodiment adopts modular cages and floating rafts for deep-sea farming of oysters. The cages and floating rafts can be combined together to carry out oyster farming. Among them, the modular cages can provide a more stable growth environment for oysters, reduce the influence of natural factors such as wind and waves, which is beneficial to the growth of oysters, and is also beneficial to the refined management of oysters; in addition, the cages and floating rafts can be quickly separated, so as to facilitate regular cleaning of attachments on the cages and oyster cages to prevent the attachments from affecting the feeding of oysters. During cleaning, the growth of oysters can also be checked, so as to timely discover and deal with problems such as diseases and insect pests, thereby reducing the mortality rate of oysters and increasing the yield of oysters.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] The present embodiment provides an oyster farming method, comprising the following steps:

[0086] S10. Construct a floating raft body in the aquaculture sea area. The width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow. The floating raft body includes a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array. A plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and are connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body.

[0087] S20, constructing a cage frame, wherein the cage frame comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support tubes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body.

[0088] Specifically, see Fig.10 The cage frame of this embodiment is similar to that of embodiment 1, except that, in this embodiment, the cage frame 20 further includes a fixing rod 23, the fixing rod 23 includes a vertical rod 231 arranged vertically and a horizontal rod, and the top ends of the plurality of vertical rods 231 are fixedly connected to the frame 21; the horizontal rod 232 includes a first horizontal rod 232a fixedly connected to the bottom end of the vertical rod 231 to form a rectangular frame structure, and a second horizontal rod 232b fixedly connected to the first horizontal rod 232a at both ends, and the plurality of second horizontal rods 232 correspond to the short tubes 212 and the support tubes 213 one by one, and the second horizontal rods 232 are parallel to the short tubes 212 and the support tubes 213, and are used to fix the bottom of the oyster cage, enhance the stability and safety of the oyster cage during the breeding process, and prevent the oyster cage from being lost due to the impact of wind and waves. During oyster farming, each cage frame 20 is installed in a floating row unit A and detachably connected to the floating row body 10, so that each cage frame 20 is independent of each other, avoiding collision between cage frames 20, and facilitating farmers to operate in units.

[0089] In some embodiments, the vertical rod 231 is fixed to one of its two adjacent vertical rods 231 through a connecting rod to enhance the stability of the cage 20. Preferably, the connecting rod is arranged in the width direction of the cage 20 to facilitate the farmer to operate in the length direction.

[0090] In some embodiments, the second crossbar 232 is perpendicular to the short tube 212 and the support tube 213, and their projections on the horizontal plane partially overlap, and the overlapping position is the position where the oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages are hung. The multiple vertical rods 231 and the multiple crossbars form a second frame for accommodating oyster cages, further enhancing the stability of the cage frame and preventing the loss of oyster seed strings or oyster cages.

[0091] S30, fixing a plurality of oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages filled with oysters to the frame body and / or the support pipe of the cage frame at intervals by cables.

[0092] S40, transferring the cages fixed with oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages from the shore to the aquaculture sea area by means of an operating boat, and placing the cages into the floating row body by means of a crane arm for oyster aquaculture; at least one cage is placed in each floating row unit, and the cages are detachably connected to the floating row unit.

[0093] S50. Management during the culture period: At regular intervals, the cages in the floating rack body are lifted out in turn by the crane arm, and the cages and the oyster cages fixed on the cages are rinsed. After the rinsing, the growth status of the oysters is observed, and the cages are put back into the floating rack body. When the oysters grow to commercial specifications, the oysters are harvested.

[0094] By arranging that one end of the oyster cage is connected to the short tube 212 and the support tube 213, and the other end is connected to the second cross bar 232, when the oyster cage is flushed, the fixing rod 23 can support the entire cage frame, and no other fixing device is needed to fix the frame and the oyster cage. In addition, the fixing rod 23 and the frame 21 fix the two ends of the oyster cage, which can prevent the oyster cage from swinging due to the water pressure during flushing, resulting in poor flushing effect.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] The present embodiment provides an oyster farming method, comprising the following steps:

[0097] S10. Construct a floating raft body in the aquaculture sea area. The width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow. The floating raft body includes a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array. A plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and are connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body.

[0098] S20, constructing a cage frame, wherein the cage frame comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support tubes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body.

[0099] Specifically, see Fig.10 The cage of this embodiment is similar to that of Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, except that, in this embodiment, the frame 21 of the cage 20 is square, and the frame 21 includes a transverse tube, a vertical tube and a support tube 213 of the same length, at least two transverse tubes and at least two vertical tubes are perpendicular to each other to form a square frame body, a plurality of support tubes 213 are arranged on the frame body at intervals, and at least two floats 22 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the frame 21 and fixedly connected to the corresponding transverse tubes and / or vertical tubes to provide buoyancy for the cage 20 and maintain the balance and stability of the cage 20.

[0100] S30, fixing a plurality of oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages filled with oysters to the frame body and / or the support pipe of the cage frame at intervals by cables.

[0101] S40, transfer the cages fixed with oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages from the shore to the aquaculture sea area by means of an operating boat, and place the cages into the floating row body by means of a crane arm for oyster aquaculture: each cage is arranged on two adjacent floating row units, and the two ends of the cage are respectively connected to the two ends of the two adjacent floating row units; or, at least one cage is placed in each floating row unit, and the cage is detachably connected to the floating row unit. Preferably, a plurality of cages are arranged along the length direction of adjacent floating row units, and extend along the width direction of two adjacent floating row units, so that the two ends and the middle of the cage are respectively connected to the length direction of two adjacent floating row units.

[0102] S50. Management during the culture period: at regular intervals, the cages in the floating rack body are hoisted out in turn, the side of the cages facing the length direction of the floating rack body is turned to face the width direction of the floating rack, and the cages are put back into the floating rack body; at regular intervals, the cages in the floating rack body are hoisted out in turn, and the cages and the oyster cages fixed on the cages are rinsed. After the rinse, the growth status of the oysters is observed, and the cages are put back into the floating rack body; when the oysters grow to commercial specifications, the oysters are harvested.

[0103] Furthermore, step S50 specifically includes the following steps: during oyster cage culture, every 1-2 months, the cage frames in the floating row body are hoisted out in turn, the side of the cage frames facing the length direction of the floating row body is turned to face the width direction of the floating row, and the cage frames are put back into the floating row body; every 3-4 months, the cage frames in the floating row body are hoisted out in turn, the cage frames and oyster cages are rinsed, and the cage frames are installed back into the floating row body after the rinsing is completed; during the rinsing process, the growth status of the oysters is detected to facilitate timely detection of diseases and intervention.

[0104] After 1-2 years of natural cultivation, oysters can be harvested when they reach the commercial size of 12-15cm and the soft part is plump. When harvesting, each cage rack is lifted out of the sea in turn, the oyster cages on the cage racks are removed, and the oysters in the oyster cages are harvested.

[0105] By setting the cage frame to be square, it is convenient to regularly turn the surface of the cage frame toward the water flow direction, change the direction of automatic flushing of the cage frame and the oyster cage fixed on the cage frame by the water flow in the seawater, reduce the frequency of manual flushing of the cage frame and the oyster cage by farmers, reduce the impact of high-pressure flushing on the growth of oysters, and save energy consumption and costs.

[0106] Example 4

[0107] This embodiment provides a method for polyculture of fish and oysters, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0108] S100, constructing a floating raft body in an aquaculture sea area, wherein the width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow, the floating raft body comprises a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array, a plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and are connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body.

[0109] S200, constructing a cage frame, wherein the cage frame comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support tubes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body; at the same time, an oyster raft net is connected to the outside of the floating raft body to construct a fish farming cage.

[0110] Specifically, see Fig.11 The device for mixed culture of fish and oysters in this embodiment is similar to the device for oyster culture in Example 1, except that, in this embodiment, the height of the connecting piece 14 with the handrail column 143 is 1.1-1.3m, so that the water height of the floating row body 10 is greater than 1m; the floating row body 10 also includes a fixing pipe 16, which passes through the connecting holes 143a corresponding to each connecting piece 14 in sequence, and is connected end to end in sequence to form a fixed frame, and the top of the oyster row net is detachably connected to the fixed frame above the floating row body 10, and the middle is connected to the outside of the truss 11. The water height of the oyster row net is about 1m, and the underwater depth is 3.5-4.5m, preferably 4m. By setting the handrail column and the fixed frame, on the one hand, it protects people walking or working on the pedals to prevent them from slipping and falling into the sea, and on the other hand, it connects the oyster row net to prevent the fish in the fish farming cage from jumping out of the fish farming cage from the top of the oyster row net, affecting the economic benefits.

[0111] S300, fixing a plurality of oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages filled with oysters to the frame body and / or the support pipe of the cage frame at intervals by means of cables.

[0112] S400, placing the cage into the floating row body through the crane arm, each cage being arranged on two adjacent floating row units, and two ends of the cage being respectively connected to two ends of the two adjacent floating row units, or at least one cage is placed in each floating row unit, and the cage is detachably connected to the floating row unit; and placing the fry into the fish farming cage for mixed culture of fish and oysters.

[0113] Among them, select fish that swim slowly, are omnivorous, and live in the middle and upper layers of water for mixed culture of fish and oysters; when releasing fish fry, choose large-sized fry with intact bodies, no parasitic infections, strong vitality, and uniform sizes.

[0114] S500, management during the culture period: feed the fry regularly; every 1-2 months, lift the cages out of the sea and rinse the oyster cages fixed on the cages, and install the cages back on the floating rack body after rinsing; harvest the oysters and / or fry when they reach commercial specifications.

[0115] In the fish-oyster co-culture model of this embodiment, there is a close relationship between fish and oysters, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Ecological complementarity: fish help improve water quality and increase oxygen content in the water through behaviors such as feeding and swimming; oysters remove suspended matter, organic matter and harmful substances in the water through filtering, further purifying the water quality. This ecological complementary relationship helps maintain the stability and health of the aquaculture environment; (2) Resource sharing: In the same aquaculture environment, fish and oysters can share nutrients and living space in the water, and the feces excreted by fish can be used as feed for the fish. Organic matter such as feces and leftover bait can provide a rich source of nutrition for oysters; the filter feeding of oysters can also help reduce pollutants and harmful substances in the water, providing a cleaner growth environment for fish. (3) Mutual symbiosis: The filter feeding of oysters can help reduce the content of harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water, providing a more suitable living environment for fish; the activities of fish can also help promote the circulation and mixing of water, improve the filtration efficiency and growth rate of oysters, and in addition, fish may also provide oysters with necessary shade and shelter, reducing their risk of being attacked by natural enemies.

[0116] In summary, compared with the prior art, the oyster culture method and the fish-oyster polyculture method provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0117] (1) Modular gravity cage oyster racks are used for offshore oyster farming. The device has the advantages of strong wind and wave resistance (15-level typhoon), good stability, and long service life. It can reduce the impact of wind and waves on oysters, improve the stability of the oyster farming environment, and thus promote the growth of oysters.

[0118] (2) The present invention fixes the oyster cage on a cage frame that is detachably connected to the floating raft body. The farmer can lift the cage frame out of the sea or connect it to the floating raft body through the crane arm of the working boat, and can fix or separate the oyster cage from the cage frame on the working boat or on the shore, thereby facilitating the farmer's operation. In addition, during the breeding process, cage breeding helps the farmer to regularly clean the cage frame and oyster cage and observe the breeding conditions of oysters.

[0119] (3) Compared with the traditional floating raft aquaculture, in which farmers need to work on the sea surface for a long time, the cage frame provided by the present invention can be separated from the floating raft body. Therefore, farmers can fix or separate oyster cages or oyster seed strings from the cage frame on the working boat, on the shore, especially indoors, thereby reducing the farmers' working time at sea and avoiding the influence of weather on the working at sea, which in turn affects the progress of oyster farming. At the same time, it also improves the safety of the farmers' working environment.

[0120] (4) By setting the width direction of the floating raft body to face the water flow, the waves mainly act on the width direction of the floating raft body rather than the length direction, thereby reducing the impact of the waves on the floating raft body by reducing the action area; at the same time, by setting anchor piles on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body to fix the floating raft body, the stability and wind and wave resistance of the overall structure are enhanced.

[0121] (5) By setting the cage frame in a square shape and rotating the direction of the cage frame at regular intervals, different sides of the cage frame can be flushed with seawater, which is beneficial to keeping the oyster cage clean and reducing the occurrence of diseases. At the same time, it can reduce the frequency of manual flushing of oyster cages by farmers and reduce the impact of high-pressure flushing on oysters, while also saving energy.

[0122] (6) Compared with the traditional method of fixing the oyster cage to the oyster rope, the present invention fixes the oyster cage to the cage frame, and the overall structure is stable, which can reduce the swing of the oyster cage when washing the oyster cage and the cage frame, thereby improving the washing effect.

[0123] (7) In the oyster culture method of the present invention, a seed collector is fixed on a cage frame, and the cage frame is placed in a seawater culture pond for culturing oyster seedlings to collect seedlings and adaptively cultivate them. The cage frame is then moved to a culture area for cultivation. After the oyster seedlings grow to a suitable size, the oyster seedlings are separated from the seed collector and divided into cages. The oyster cages containing individual oyster seedlings are fixed to the cage frame and checked to ensure that they are firmly fixed. The cage frame is then moved to a culture area for cultivation. During the process, the cage frame is lifted up several times for cleaning. During the entire culture process, the seed collector and the oyster cage only need to be disassembled and fixed once. At other times, the cage frame can be moved by the crane arm, which saves manpower, facilitates the unit operation, and has high effect. It can minimize the time of moving oysters and other processes, thereby reducing the impact on the oysters.

[0124] (8) By connecting oyster cages to the outside of oyster cages to form fish cages, fish and oyster co-culture can be carried out to maximize resource utilization and improve ecological and economic benefits: oysters, as filter-feeding shellfish, can filter and absorb suspended matter, organic debris and algae in the water, effectively purify water quality, reduce eutrophication of water bodies, and provide a cleaner living environment for fish. Fish excrement (such as fish feces) is a high-quality feed for oysters, and the filtration feeding activity of oysters promotes water purification. A good ecological cycle is formed between the two, which is conducive to maintaining the ecological balance of the water body. In addition, by feeding fish with scientifically proportioned feed, the fish feces produced can be directly used as feed for oysters, reducing the cost of purchasing feed, and the filtration feeding effect of oysters also reduces the cost of water quality treatment. Moreover, in the fish and oyster co-culture model, farmers can obtain the benefits of both fish and oysters at the same time, which improves the output rate and economic benefits of each unit of water.

[0125] (9) Compared with the bamboo and wood materials of traditional floating rafts, HDPE materials are more environmentally friendly, more wear-resistant, UV-resistant, more extensible, corrosion-resistant and high-temperature resistant. Oyster rafts made of HDPE pipes can be used in seawater for a long time without being damaged, avoiding the aging problem caused by seawater erosion and ultraviolet radiation. They have a high bearing capacity and can withstand large weight and pressure. They have a stable structure and are not easy to deform, which can ensure the stability of oyster rafts in various sea conditions. In addition, HDPE pipes can be recycled and reused after use, reducing pollution to the environment. At the same time, they will not release harmful substances into the seawater and are harmless to the marine ecological environment. And because of their strong corrosion resistance and weather resistance, their maintenance and care are relatively simple. They have the characteristics of long service life, low maintenance cost and good environmental protection, which makes them more economically beneficial in the long term.

[0126] The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments. If various changes or modifications to the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and if these changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims and equivalent technologies of the present invention, the present invention is also intended to include these changes and modifications.

Claims

1. A method for culturing oysters, It is characterized in that The steps include: S10, constructing a floating raft body in the aquaculture sea area, wherein the width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow, the floating raft body comprises a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array, a plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body; S20, constructing a cage, wherein the cage comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support tubes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body; S30, fixing a plurality of oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages filled with oysters to the frame body and / or the support tube of the cage frame at intervals by means of cables; S40, placing the cage into the floating row body through the crane arm to culture oysters: each cage is set on two adjacent floating row units, and the two ends of the cage are respectively connected to the two ends of the two adjacent floating row units; or, at least one cage is placed in each floating row unit, and the cage is detachably connected to the floating row unit; S50. Management during the culture period: at regular intervals, the cages in the floating rack body are lifted out in turn by the crane arm, and the cages and the oyster cages fixed on the cages are rinsed. After the rinsing, the growth status of the oysters is observed, and the cages are put back into the floating rack body.

2. The oyster cultivation method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The floating row body includes a truss and connecting pipes. The truss includes floating pipes. Several of the floating pipes are arranged in a U-shape or a quasi-U-shape, and the floating pipes are connected by hot melting. Several connecting pipes are connected to the inside of the truss, and the connecting pipes and / or the connecting pipes and the truss are enclosed to form a plurality of floating row units arranged in a rectangular array.

3. The oyster cultivation method according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The middle part of each cage frame is laid on the common connecting pipe of two adjacent floating row units, and the ends of the frame are laid on the floating pipes and / or connecting pipes on both sides of the two adjacent floating row units, and / or the frame is connected to the floating pipes and / or connecting pipes on both sides of the two adjacent floating row units through cables or fasteners; a plurality of floats are respectively arranged in the area of ​​the frame located in each floating row unit; a plurality of hooks are arranged on the frame for connecting the boom.

4. The oyster cultivation method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The cage frame also includes vertically arranged vertical rods and horizontally arranged cross rods, and the top ends of multiple vertical rods are fixedly connected to the frame; the cross rods include a first cross rod fixedly connected to the bottom ends of the vertical rods to form a rectangular frame structure, and a second cross rod with two ends respectively fixed to the first cross rod, and several second cross rods are arranged corresponding to the support tubes for fixing the bottom of the oyster cage; several cage frames are respectively arranged in a floating row unit and connected to the floating row unit by cables or fasteners.

5. The oyster cultivation method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The lengths of the sides of the frame are equal; the step S50 comprises: every 1-2 months, the cages in the floating row body are hoisted out in turn, the side of the cages facing the length direction of the floating row body is turned to face the width direction of the floating row, and the cages are put back into the floating row body; every 3-4 months, the cages in the floating row body are hoisted out in turn, the cages and oyster cages are rinsed, and the cages are installed back into the floating row body after the rinsing is completed; during the rinsing process, the growth status of the oysters is detected.

6. The oyster cultivation method according to claim 4, It is characterized in that In step S30, the spacing between the oyster cages or oyster seed strings is greater than 400 mm, and the aquaculture water depth of the oyster cages or oyster seed strings is maintained at 0.5-2.2 m; each seed collector is provided with 10 attached shells, the spacing between the attached shells is about 10 cm, and each attached shell is attached with 5-30 oyster seedlings. When the oyster seedlings on the oyster seed string grow to a shell length of about 2-3 mm, several cages are moved to the aquaculture sea area; the oyster cage includes several aquaculture chambers separated by several partitions, the radius of the partition is about 15 cm, the spacing between the partitions is 15-20 cm, and about 15 individual oyster seedlings are placed in each aquaculture chamber.

7. The oyster cultivation method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The step S30 comprises: tying a plurality of seedling collectors on a cage frame, placing the cage frame into a seawater cultivation pool for culturing oyster seedlings to collect seedlings, obtaining a plurality of oyster seedling strings, and then attaching a net to the outside of the oyster seedling strings; the individual oyster seedlings are obtained by the following steps: placing the cage frame with the oyster seedling strings into a floating raft body for culturing, and when the oyster seedlings on the oyster seedling strings grow to a shell length of 5-7 cm, lifting the cage frame out of the floating raft body, peeling off the oyster seedlings on the oyster seedling strings, and obtaining individual oyster seedlings.

8. The oyster cultivation method according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The floating pipe, the connecting pipe and the frame are all made of HDPE material; the support pipe is provided with reinforcing material to enhance the strength of the support pipe.

9. A method for polyculture of fish and oysters, It is characterized in that The steps include: S100, constructing a floating raft body in the aquaculture sea area, wherein the width direction of the floating raft body is arranged in the direction of the water flow, the floating raft body comprises a plurality of floating raft units arranged in a rectangular array, a plurality of anchor piles are evenly arranged on the seabed on both sides of the width direction of the floating raft body, and connected to the width direction of the floating raft body by cables and / or anchor chains to fix the floating raft body; S200, constructing a cage frame, wherein the cage frame comprises a frame, wherein the frame comprises a frame body and a plurality of support pipes spaced apart on the frame body, and at least two floats are arranged below the frame body; and an oyster row net is connected to the outer side of the float row body to construct a fish farming cage; S300, fixing a plurality of oyster seed strings and / or oyster cages containing oysters to the frame body and / or the support tube of the cage frame at intervals by means of cables; S400, placing the cage into the floating row body through the crane arm, with one cage placed in each floating row unit, the cage being detachably connected to the floating row unit, or each cage being arranged on two adjacent floating row units, with two ends of the cage being respectively connected to two ends of the two adjacent floating row units; and placing the fry into the fish farming cage for mixed culture of fish and oysters; S500. Management during the breeding period: Feed the fry regularly; every 1-2 months, lift the cages out of the sea and rinse the oyster cages fixed on the cages. After rinsing, install the cages back on the floating rack body.

10. The method for polyculture of fish and oysters according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The floating row body includes a truss and a connecting pipe. The truss includes a floating tube. Several of the floating tubes are arranged in a U-shape or a quasi-U-shape. The floating tubes are connected by hot-melt. Two adjacent floating tubes are connected in parallel with each other by a number of connecting pieces. The connecting pipe and / or the floating tubes enclose a plurality of floating row units arranged in a rectangular array. The connecting piece includes a first bracket. Sockets are provided on both sides of the first bracket for connecting the floating tubes. A handrail column is provided on the top of the first bracket. Several connecting holes are provided on the handrail column. The floating row body also includes a fixing tube. The fixing tube passes through the connecting holes of each first bracket in turn and is connected end to end in turn to form a rectangular frame. The top of the oyster rack net is connected to the rectangular frame, and the middle is connected to the truss. The height of the above-water part of the oyster rack net is greater than 0.8m, and the depth of the underwater part is 3.5-4.5m.

Images