Balanced self-counterweight swing head operating mechanism and processing machine tool

Abstract

The invention discloses a balance self-counterweight swing head operation mechanism and a processing machine tool, which are used for solving the problem that when a main shaft box in an existing swing head operation mechanism extends out of a supporting seat for a long distance in a preset direction, the gravity of a swing head device is too large, so that the main shaft box droops frequently. And therefore, the technical problem that the workpiece cannot be precisely machined is solved. A spindle box is arranged on a supporting seat in a penetrating mode and connected with the supporting seat in a sliding mode, the spindle box is connected with a first driving module, and the first driving module is used for driving the spindle box to move in the X-axis direction so as to stretch out of the supporting seat; the counterweight device comprises a first displacement sensor, a second displacement sensor, a counterweight block and a second driving module, the first displacement sensor is mounted at the second end of the spindle box, the second displacement sensor is mounted on the supporting seat, the second driving module is mounted at the top of the spindle box, and the counterweight block is slidably connected to the top of the spindle box; the second driving module is used for driving the balancing weight to move in the X-axis direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical manufacturing design, and in particular to a balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism and a processing machine tool. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the vigorous development of industries such as construction machinery and new energy vehicles, the key components required by these industries have gradually tended to be larger and more complex, and the precision requirements for each processing surface are also increasing. This requires metal cutting machining centers to focus mainly on heavy-duty machine tools with high precision and large travel.

[0003] A processing machine tool is a general-purpose machine used for processing large parts and components, and is widely used in industries such as metallurgy, energy, and engineering machinery. The above-mentioned processing machine tools generally include a swing head operating mechanism, which includes a spindle box, a guide rail, a support seat, and a swing head device connected to the spindle box. A tool is connected to the swing head device, wherein the spindle box is slidably connected to one of the side surfaces of the support seat through a guide rail to form a cantilevered moving part, thereby driving the swing head device to move to the processing surface of the workpiece. When the spindle box runs to a longer stroke (when it extends a long distance from the support seat), because the swing head device extends a long distance and its weight is large (about 400KG), the spindle box is very likely to sag due to the gravity of the swing head device, and in severe cases, it may bend and deform. When the spindle box is in the above situation, the processing machine tool cannot accurately process the workpiece, resulting in poor processing accuracy and technical problems in which the workpiece cannot meet the preset standards.

[0004] Therefore, finding a technical solution that can solve the above technical problems has become an important topic studied by technical personnel in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention discloses a method for solving the technical problem that when a spindle box in an existing swing head operating mechanism extends out of a support seat for a long distance in a preset direction, the spindle box often sags due to excessive gravity of a swing head device, thereby making it impossible to accurately process a workpiece.

[0006] A balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism provided by the present invention comprises a support seat, a weight counterweight device, a spindle box and a swing head device connected to a first end of the spindle box, wherein the swing head device is connected to a tool;

[0007] The spindle box is disposed on the support seat and is slidably connected to the support seat. The spindle box is connected to a first driving module, and the first driving module is used to drive the spindle box to move along the X-axis direction to extend out of the support seat;

[0008] The counterweight device includes a first displacement sensor, a second displacement sensor, a counterweight block and a second driving module. The first displacement sensor is installed on the second end of the spindle box, the second displacement sensor is installed on the support seat, the second driving module is installed on the top of the spindle box, the counterweight block is slidably connected to the top of the spindle box, and the second driving module is used to drive the counterweight block to move along the X-axis direction.

[0009] Optionally, a first guide rail extending along the X-axis direction is installed on the top of the spindle box, and the counterweight block is connected to a first slider, and the first slider is slidably connected to the first guide rail.

[0010] Optionally, the second driving module includes a servo motor, a lead screw and a bearing;

[0011] The bearing and the servo motor are both installed on the top of the spindle box, one end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the bearing, the servo motor is connected to the other end of the lead screw, and the counterweight is threadedly connected to the lead screw;

[0012] The servo motor is used to drive the lead screw to rotate so as to drive the counterweight to move along the X-axis direction.

[0013] Optionally, a second guide rail is installed at the bottom of the spindle box, and a second slider slidably matched with the second guide rail is arranged on the support seat, and the second slider is slidably connected to the second guide rail.

[0014] Optionally, the first driving module is an electric cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the swing head device includes a first rotary drive member, a second rotary drive member, a mounting seat and a spindle, and the spindle is connected to the tool;

[0016] The first rotating driving member is connected to the first end of the spindle box, the mounting seat is connected to the first rotating driving member, the first rotating driving member is used to drive the mounting seat to rotate around the X-axis, the second rotating driving member is installed on the mounting seat, the spindle is connected to the second rotating driving member, and the second rotating driving member is used to drive the spindle to rotate around the Y-axis.

[0017] Optionally, the tool is a drill or a milling cutter.

[0018] Optionally, the first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member are rotation motors.

[0019] Optionally, both the first displacement sensor and the second displacement sensor are laser displacement sensors.

[0020] The present invention provides a processing machine tool, comprising the above-mentioned balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] In the balanced self-balanced swing head operating mechanism of the present embodiment, when the spindle box extends a certain distance relative to the support seat along the X-axis direction, the first displacement sensor cooperates with the second displacement sensor to detect the displacement caused by the change in the relative position of the spindle box and the support seat, and transmits the above displacement to the second drive module. The second drive module drives the counterweight block to make an equal amount of counterweight displacement to ensure that the spindle box is in a state of parallel force, thereby avoiding the spindle box from sagging, bending and deformation due to the weight of the swing head device, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the specific structure of a spindle box of a balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Illustration: support seat 1; spindle box 2; swing head device 3; counterweight block 4; screw 5; servo motor 6; bearing 7; first displacement sensor 8; second displacement sensor 9; second guide rail 10; mounting seat 11; spindle 12; first slider 13; first guide rail 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The embodiment of the present invention discloses a method for solving the technical problem that when the spindle box in the existing swing head operating mechanism extends out of the support seat for a long distance in a preset direction, the spindle box often sags due to excessive gravity of the swing head device, thereby making it impossible to accurately process the workpiece.

[0028] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 , a balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention comprises a support seat 1, a weight counterweight device, a spindle box 2, and a swing head device 3 connected to a first end of the spindle box 2, wherein the swing head device 3 is connected to a tool;

[0030] The spindle box 2 is disposed on the support seat 1 and is slidably connected to the support seat 1. The spindle box 2 is connected to a first driving module, and the first driving module is used to drive the spindle box 2 to move along the X-axis direction to extend out of the support seat 1;

[0031] The counterweight device includes a first displacement sensor 8, a second displacement sensor 9, a counterweight block 4 and a second driving module. The first displacement sensor 8 is installed on the second end of the spindle box 2, the second displacement sensor 9 is installed on the support seat 1, the second driving module is installed on the top of the spindle box 2, the counterweight block 4 is slidably connected to the top of the spindle box 2, and the second driving module is used to drive the counterweight block 4 to move along the X-axis direction.

[0032] The counterweight principle of the above counterweight block 4 is:

[0033] In the initial state, the spindle box 2 is moved relative to the support seat 1 along the X-axis direction and extended to the maximum distance, and the counterweight block 4 is driven by the second drive module to move toward the second end of the spindle box 2 to ensure that the spindle box 2 is in a force balance state, which is set as the reference limit point. At the same time, several counterweight points are taken in the X-axis direction of the spindle box 2 for counterweighting to ensure that the extension displacement of the counterweight block 4 matches the spindle box 2. After the counterweight is confirmed, the spindle box 2 is extended to the limit point, the counterweight block 4 is retracted to the second end of the spindle box 2, and the first displacement sensor 8 and the second displacement sensor 9 are cleared as the initial judgment position.

[0034] In the balanced self-balancing weighted swing head operating mechanism of the present embodiment, when the spindle box 2 is extended a certain distance relative to the support seat 1 along the X-axis direction, the first displacement sensor 8 and the second displacement sensor 9 cooperate to detect the displacement caused by the change in the relative position of the spindle box 2 and the support seat 1, and transmit the above displacement to the second drive module. The second drive module drives the counterweight block 4 to make an equal amount of counterweight displacement to ensure that the spindle box 2 is in a state of parallel force, thereby avoiding the spindle box 2 from sagging, bending and deformation due to the weight of the swing head device 3, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0035] Furthermore, a first guide rail 14 extending along the X-axis direction is installed on the top of the spindle box 2 in this embodiment, and the counterweight block 4 is connected to a first slider 13 , and the first slider 13 is slidably connected to the first guide rail 14 .

[0036] It should be noted that, through the above design, the counterweight 4 can be driven to move more smoothly.

[0037] Furthermore, the second driving module in this embodiment includes a servo motor 6, a lead screw 5 and a bearing 7;

[0038] The bearing 7 and the servo motor 6 are both installed on the top of the spindle box 2, one end of the lead screw 5 is rotatably connected to the bearing 7, the servo motor 6 is connected to the other end of the lead screw 5, and the counterweight 4 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 5;

[0039] The servo motor 6 is used to drive the lead screw 5 to rotate so as to drive the counterweight 4 to move along the X-axis direction.

[0040] It should be noted that, through the above design, when the servo motor 6 drives the screw 5 to rotate, the counterweight 4 threadedly connected to the screw 5 can move along the screw 5 in the X-axis direction. In addition, in this embodiment, the length direction of the spindle box 2 and the length direction of the screw 5 are in the same direction as the X-axis direction.

[0041] Furthermore, a second guide rail 10 is installed at the bottom of the spindle box 2 in this embodiment, and a second slider slidably matched with the second guide rail 10 is provided on the support seat 1, and the second slider is slidably connected to the second guide rail 10.

[0042] It should be noted that, through the above design, the main shaft box 2 can be driven to move more smoothly.

[0043] Furthermore, the first driving module in this embodiment is an electric cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

[0044] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the type of the first driving module, and designers can select a suitable type of the first driving module according to actual conditions.

[0045] Furthermore, the swing head device 3 in this embodiment includes a first rotary drive member, a second rotary drive member, a mounting seat 11 and a spindle 12, and the spindle 12 is connected to the tool;

[0046] The first rotating driving member is connected to the first end of the spindle box 2, the mounting seat 11 is connected to the first rotating driving member, the first rotating driving member is used to drive the mounting seat 11 to rotate around the X-axis, the second rotating driving member is installed on the mounting seat 11, the spindle 12 is connected to the second rotating driving member, and the second rotating driving member is used to drive the spindle 12 to rotate around the Y-axis.

[0047] It should be noted that, through the above design, the tool can be rotated around the X-axis and the Y-axis, thereby meeting different processing requirements of the workpiece.

[0048] Specifically, the tool in this embodiment is a drill or a milling cutter.

[0049] It should be noted that this embodiment does not limit the specific type of tool, and designers can select the appropriate type of tool according to actual conditions. In addition, in this embodiment, the tool is preferably detachably connected to the spindle 12. The above design facilitates the operator to replace or maintain the tool.

[0050] Furthermore, the first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member in this embodiment are rotation motors.

[0051] Furthermore, the first displacement sensor 8 and the second displacement sensor 9 in this embodiment are both laser displacement sensors.

[0052] It should be noted that the above-mentioned first displacement sensor 8 and second displacement sensor 9 cooperate with each other to detect the relative displacement between the support seat 1 and the spindle box 2, so that the second drive module can drive the counterweight block 4 to move to a suitable position, thereby keeping the spindle box 2 in a force balance state at all times.

[0053] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 An embodiment of the present invention provides a processing machine tool, including the above-mentioned balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism.

[0054] In the balanced self-balancing swing head operating mechanism of the processing machine tool of the present embodiment, when the spindle box 2 is extended a certain distance relative to the support seat 1 along the X-axis direction, the first displacement sensor 8 and the second displacement sensor 9 cooperate to detect the displacement caused by the change in the relative position of the spindle box 2 and the support seat 1, and transmit the above displacement to the second drive module. The second drive module drives the counterweight block 4 to make an equal amount of counterweight displacement to ensure that the spindle box 2 is in a state of parallel force, thereby avoiding the spindle box 2 from sagging, bending and deformation due to the weight of the swing head device 3, thereby ensuring the processing accuracy of the workpiece.

[0055] The above is a detailed introduction to a balancing self-weighted swing head operating mechanism and a processing machine tool provided by the present invention. For a general technician in this field, according to the ideas of the embodiments of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. A balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism, characterized in that: It comprises a support seat (1), a counterweight device, a spindle box (2), and a swing head device (3) connected to a first end of the spindle box (2), wherein the swing head device (3) is connected to a tool; The spindle box (2) is inserted into the support seat (1) and is slidably connected to the support seat (1); the spindle box (2) is connected to a first driving module, and the first driving module is used to drive the spindle box (2) to move along the X-axis direction so as to extend out of the support seat (1); The counterweight device comprises a first displacement sensor (8), a second displacement sensor (9), a counterweight block (4) and a second drive module, wherein the first displacement sensor (8) is mounted on the second end of the spindle box (2), the second displacement sensor (9) is mounted on the support seat (1), the second drive module is mounted on the top of the spindle box (2), the counterweight block (4) is slidably connected to the top of the spindle box (2), and the second drive module is used to drive the counterweight block (4) to move along the X-axis direction.

2. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A first guide rail (14) extending along the X-axis direction is installed on the top of the spindle box (2); the counterweight block (4) is connected to a first slider (13); and the first slider (13) is slidably connected to the first guide rail (14).

3. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second drive module comprises a servo motor (6), a lead screw (5) and a bearing (7); The bearing (7) and the servo motor (6) are both mounted on the top of the spindle box (2); one end of the lead screw (5) is rotatably connected to the bearing (7); the servo motor (6) is connected to the other end of the lead screw (5); and the counterweight (4) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (5); The servo motor (6) is used to drive the lead screw (5) to rotate so as to drive the counterweight (4) to move along the X-axis direction.

4. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A second guide rail (10) is installed at the bottom of the spindle box (2), and a second sliding block slidably matched with the second guide rail (10) is provided on the support seat (1), and the second sliding block is slidably connected to the second guide rail (10).

5. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The first driving module is an electric cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder.

6. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The swing head device (3) comprises a first rotating drive member, a second rotating drive member, a mounting seat (11) and a main shaft (12), wherein the main shaft (12) is connected to the tool; The first rotating driving member is connected to a first end portion of the spindle box (2), the mounting seat (11) is connected to the first rotating driving member, and the first rotating driving member is used to drive the mounting seat (11) to rotate around the X-axis. The second rotating driving member is installed on the mounting seat (11), the spindle (12) is connected to the second rotating driving member, and the second rotating driving member is used to drive the spindle (12) to rotate around the Y-axis.

7. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The tool is a drill or a milling cutter.

8. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The first rotation driving member and the second rotation driving member are rotation motors.

9. The self-balancing weight swing head operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first displacement sensor (8) and the second displacement sensor (9) are both laser displacement sensors.

10. A processing machine tool, characterized in that: It comprises a balanced self-weighted swing head operating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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