Design, manufacturing structure and using method of strong light furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to design, a manufacturing structure and a using method of a strong light furnace. The clean development mechanism utilizes solar energy to the maximum extent and with the highest efficiency. From the perspective of total sunlight irradiation to the earth, the utilization quantity is very small, the conversion efficiency is also very low, the conventional sunlight utilization general conditions are as follows: the photovoltaic power generation efficiency is less than 20%, and the photo-thermal power generation efficiency is about 30%, and from the perspective of living small and medium-sized light / heat conversion hot water facilities, the light energy utilization rate easily reaches more than 80%, and the visible light heat utilization efficiency is much better. In practice, many photovoltaic power generation projects are specially built for heating liquid media, process water is heated immediately and locally after low-efficiency power generation, and obviously, the abnormal behaviors of high efficiency and low efficiency are abandoned, because no other modes and methods are selected, the photovoltaic power generation projects can only be used in this way, and the low-efficiency cyclic utilization mode is strengthened; therefore, the development, innovation, development and promotion of the light furnace are very necessary and urgent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent belongs to the field of clean, low-carbon new energy and solar energy. It also belongs to the mechanical equipment and thermal energy engineering manufacturing industries. Background Art

[0002] The sun has enormous energy, irradiating the earth with a power of about 1.73E17 watts. Excluding the reflection from the atmosphere and water surface, the solar energy used by the earth's biosphere alone is less than one thousandth of the sun's incident power, and most of it is absorbed by photosynthetic organisms (about 4E13 watts). There is enormous potential for accelerating the utilization of sunlight, but there is also a long way to go.

[0003] Photovoltaic power generation and solar / thermal power generation are the largest aspects of the current large-scale utilization of sunlight. The light energy conversion rate of photovoltaic power generation is generally less than 20% (the latest product laboratory can reach 25%), and the sunlight utilization rate of solar / thermal power generation is about 30%, which is obviously very low; however, the light energy utilization efficiency of miniaturized solar / thermal water collection systems can easily reach 80-90%, and the visible light-to-heat conversion efficiency is much higher.

[0004] Many photovoltaic projects are built for on-site heating of water liquid media. They abandon high-efficiency light / heat conversion and adopt low-efficiency light / electricity and light / heat / electricity conversion. This is obviously "counterintuitive" behavior, and they are still continuing and strengthening this original model. The reason is: after comprehensive consideration, no other better ways and methods have been found to choose from in terms of sunlight utilization. It can be seen that it is necessary and urgent to vigorously innovate light heating facilities and expand the promotion of light heating technology.

[0005] The strong light furnace is a new heating facility. It not only has zero emissions during use, but also greatly simplifies energy-using facilities, is very convenient, and greatly reduces costs. In actual production and life, the usage methods vary greatly due to different situations. In order to cooperate with clean development and promote the widespread and efficient use of solar energy, we have specially launched a complete set of efficient and safe daylight utilization facilities and methods in different categories. Summary of the invention

[0006] The current solar heating system is to place vacuum collector tubes outdoors to heat the liquid medium in the heating tubes (large amounts of domestic water, various aqueous solutions, and small amounts of various molten salt solutions, hereinafter referred to as liquid medium). The heated liquid medium flows in the solar collector tubes and is heated. The liquid medium is heated by sunlight. This patent concentrates sunlight and transmits it to the container of the heated medium (liquid medium furnace, water tank, pool, gas, bulk solid) for heating. It absorbs almost 100% of the light energy and converts it into heat energy (volatile and decomposable, flammable and explosive media cannot be directly exposed to light, and rely on heat transfer from the container wall for heating). There are several typical usage methods:

[0007] The strong light irradiates the inner pot for heating, and the heat is transferred to the medium outside the light / heat surface, just like the hot pot on our dining table, the fire burns inside and transfers heat to the outside. Figure 1; (The same principle applies to using tube bundles and special-shaped plates to form a light-absorbing surface, which will not be explained in detail).

[0008] Strong light shines on the outer wall of the container, transferring heat to the medium inside the light / heat surface. The principle of light heating the outer wall is the same as that of light heating the inner container. Figure 1 .

[0009] For small water tanks and pools, a solid photothermal heating plate is inserted into the liquid medium for conduction heating: strong light is irradiated onto the light-absorbing heat transfer plate inserted into the medium, which converts the light energy into heat energy after absorbing the light, and conducts heat to the lower extended part to heat the medium to increase its temperature.

[0010] For pools, water tanks, and water cans, a hollow semi-light-transmitting heating tube (referred to as the light-transmitting heating tube) is inserted into the liquid medium: strong light passes into the light-transmitting heating tube, and each time it irradiates the wall, a portion of the strong light is absorbed and converted into heat energy, and the remaining strong light is reflected and continues to irradiate forward, and is gradually absorbed to heat the liquid medium.

[0011] Floating and submerged light / heat conversion heating: 1) Floating light / heat conversion heating is to make the light-absorbing and heat-dissipating surface into an uncovered box shape, floating on the liquid surface. The upper light-absorbing surface is specially treated to absorb light, and the heat-dissipating surface below is used to heat the liquid medium. It can be equipped with heat-dissipating wings and claws, etc. The edge of the light-absorbing disc is equipped with an isolation ring to prevent the liquid medium from entering the light-absorbing surface. The lower part has a gap baffle ring to prevent a large amount of energy loss when there is accidental vaporization. The gas can only be discharged through a small gap and absorbed by the liquid medium. There are also heat-dissipating wings and claws under the heat dissipation plate, such as Figure 2 ; 2) When the light-absorbing and heat-dissipating surface is directly submerged in the liquid medium, it is the submerged type: a moisture-resistant light-absorbing surface is used, and heat-dissipating support claws are provided under the peripheral heat dissipation plate to support the light-absorbing and heat-dissipating surface at an appropriate depth below the liquid surface (if it is too shallow, it will lose energy when it vaporizes accidentally).

[0012] Heating gas conditions, winter heating in life, strong light irradiation of light-absorbing air radiator, (the simplest method of heating in life is to shine obliquely on the rough wall, irradiate the heating water tank, radiator for heating, the principle is the same as above; there should be no steel bars, wires and cables, water pipes and other facilities on the wall where strong light is irradiated).

[0013] Use strong light to heat solid loose objects, such as fried melon seeds, hairy chestnuts, fried asphalt gravel, etc., directly irradiate the objects with strong light, and continuously turn and stir the objects to prevent overburning, just like a sand and gravel concrete mixer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1Sandwich pot type optical heating furnace, the picture shows strong light irradiating the inner wall; the same applies to the outer wall; when the optical furnace is working under pressure, both the inner and outer tanks use pressure-bearing national standard heads, and the manufacturing flaw detection level is in accordance with relevant national regulations; when the optical heating furnace is working at normal pressure, it is low-cost to use a flat plate instead of a head for sealing and welding, and the specific cost is determined according to actual conditions.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a floating light / heat conversion heating diagram, 1-outer peripheral isolation ring, the lower part of the heat exchange plate is called the baffle ring, and there is a small leakage hole at the highest part 2-heat exchange plate 3-special light-absorbing surface 4-heat dissipation wings and claws floating light / heat heating-the light-absorbing heat exchanger floats in the liquid medium, the light-absorbing surface is specially treated, and the surface has high light absorption, and then the heat energy is transferred to heat the lower liquid medium. The baffle ring blocks a large amount of steam leakage, and the small leakage holes ensure that no air is stored; when the load is low, no baffle ring is required; submerged light thermal heating-when the light-absorbing heat exchanger absorbs the optical disc surface with water-resistant material, no peripheral vertical plates are required, and the lower part only has heat dissipation support wings and claws, which are placed at an appropriate depth below the liquid medium (too shallow will cause steam loss), that is, flat plate light absorption heat exchange is directly used. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] Light energy is very convenient and advantageous to use. There is a lot of wasted sunlight on the earth, and there is no ceiling for the utilization of light energy... Although humans have a long history of using solar energy, they have only just begun to explore the use of true solar heating furnaces. This patent aims to maximize the efficiency of sunlight conversion while adhering to the principles of minimum cost and safety and reliability.

[0017] The strong light furnace adopts a pot-like sandwich structure. Strong light shines on the inner wall of the pot, and heat is transferred outward to heat the liquid medium in the sandwich to increase the temperature, just like a hot pot on the dining table.

[0018] The light furnace adopts a pot-like sandwich structure. Strong light irradiates the outer surface of the outer wall, and heat is transferred inward to heat the liquid medium in the sandwich. It is a waste to irradiate the outside alone. It can be used in large venues with multiple sources of light for both inside and outside irradiation.

[0019] The above-mentioned pot-type elliptical head structure is expensive. If it is used to work under pressure to generate high-pressure steam, all national standard heads must be used and they must be designed and manufactured strictly in accordance with relevant standards. If it is used in a normal-pressure domestic hot water system, a flat plate can be used instead of a national standard head to reduce costs. The waterless position can be reliably shielded by a reflector and no light can be allowed.

[0020] ] Various tube bundles, special-shaped tubes, and special-shaped plates are densely arranged to form a light-absorbing surface, and the principle is exactly the same as above.

[0021] For small pools and water tank facilities, a light / heat conversion heating plate is inserted into the tank. The light-absorbing surface of the heating plate is above the liquid medium, and the heat dissipation surface of the heating plate is extended and inserted under the liquid medium. During normal operation, strong light shines on the light-absorbing surface, and light / heat conversion generates heat energy, which heats the liquid medium through the heat dissipation plate under the liquid medium to increase its temperature. For larger pools and water tanks, the design is equipped with heat dissipation wing plates, forced liquid circulation and other measures according to the actual load conditions to ensure that the heat energy is fully absorbed and there is no loss due to vaporization.

[0022] For water heating places such as pools, water tanks, and water tanks, a moderately reflective spiral tube section is installed at an appropriate depth of the liquid medium, which is called a semi-reflective light-transmitting heating tube (abbreviated as light-transmitting heating tube): when strong light enters the light-transmitting heating tube, a part of the strong light is absorbed by the tube wall each time and converted into heat energy to heat the liquid medium, and the remaining strong light is reflected and continues to move forward, and is gradually absorbed to heat the liquid medium. It has a simple structure, low cost, and relatively gentle heat exchange.

[0023] Floating and submerged light / heat conversion heating: 1) Floating light / heat heating is to make the light-absorbing and heat-dissipating surface into an uncovered box shape, floating on the liquid surface. The upper light-absorbing surface is specially treated to have high light absorption, and the heat-dissipating surface below is used to heat the liquid medium. It can be equipped with heat-dissipating wings and claws, etc. The edge of the light-absorbing disc is equipped with an isolation ring to prevent the liquid medium from entering the light-absorbing surface. The lower part has a gap baffle ring to prevent a large amount of energy loss when there is accidental vaporization. The gas can only be discharged through a small gap and absorbed by the liquid medium. There are also heat-dissipating wings and claws under the heat dissipation plate, such as Figure 2 ; 2) When the light-absorbing and heat-dissipating surface is directly submerged in the liquid medium, it is called the submerged type: a moisture-resistant light-absorbing surface must be used, and a heat-dissipating support claw is provided under the peripheral heat-dissipating plate to support the light-absorbing and heat-dissipating surface at an appropriate depth below the liquid surface (if it is too shallow, there will be a phenomenon of energy loss due to steam leakage during vaporization)

[0024] For heating, use strong light to illuminate the wall. The simplest way to heat the wall is to illuminate it obliquely to make it hot, just like the fire wall and heated kang used in many places in the north (there should be no steel bars or wires in the wall). No other additional facilities are required. It is the simplest and most economical.

[0025] In standard heating, strong light is irradiated on the wall-mounted light-absorbing air radiator panel. The radiator panel is a double-layer hollow structure, hung on the wall, with light absorbing on the back and pictures and decorations on the front, and air channels in the middle for heat dissipation; (strong light is used to irradiate the heating water tank and radiator, the principle is the same as the above clause and will not be explained in detail).

[0026] Strong light irradiation to heat solid objects, such as fried melon seeds, hairy chestnuts, and fried asphalt stones. Strong light is directly irradiated on the objects, and the objects are continuously turned and stirred to make the heat evenly and prevent overburning, just like a sand and gravel or concrete mixer is turned over to keep the outer surface warm.

[0027] Light path safety: Strong light has huge energy and can easily burn objects. The safety of people, money and materials is the top priority! The optical path facilities must be safe and reliable, ensuring no leakage and no hindrance to the passage and activities of personnel; when using low-cost direct reflection transmission to transmit light, the optical path design must be reasonable and reliable, and must not be directed to other directions due to accidental factors; children must also be educated to pay attention to safety and not to look at strong light.

[0028] Safety of strong light furnace: do not burn the furnace without water, keep the furnace body reasonably warm, and scale will fall off automatically when shining on the inner tank; when strong light shines on the outer wall, the bottom plate must not be illuminated (scale will hinder heat transfer); the furnace body should not only have light holes, but also sewage and inspection holes; when the system is running, there must also be pipelines, safety valves, automatic instrument alarms, and control systems.

[0029] The strong light heating furnace is a new thing and there is no mature experience to learn from. We can only refer to the principles of the relevant national "Boiler Pressure Vessel Specifications" and combine the strong light characteristics in practice to actively explore, summarize, improve and upgrade, so as to mature and fully implement it as soon as possible and contribute to clean development.

Claims

1. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace, which is characterized by the following conditions: 1) Use highly focused strong light as energy to heat the medium to be heated 1》a. Strong light is irradiated on the inner wall to transfer heat to the liquid medium to be heated on the outside; b. Strong light is irradiated on the outer wall plate to transfer heat to the liquid medium to be heated on the inside; 2》a. A light-absorbing heating plate (light / heat conversion heat transfer plate) is installed in the pool or water tank; b. A light / heat heating spiral pipe section (light / heat conversion arc heating pipe) with moderate light absorption and light transmission is installed in the pool, water tank or water tank; c. Floating and submerged light-absorbing heating is adopted, and the light-absorbing heat dissipation plate floats on the surface of the liquid medium to be heated to complete light / heat conversion and heat dissipation, and heat the liquid medium; 2) For gaseous media: use light-absorbing gas phase heat sink (strong light irradiation air heating plate in heating / strong light irradiation heating steam heater in power generation); 3) For heating solid loose items, such as fried melon seeds, peanuts, chestnuts, fried asphalt stones, etc., directly irradiate the items to be heated, and continuously turn and stir them.

2. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features Use highly focused strong light as energy to heat the medium to be heated.

3. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features: Strong light shines on the inner wall and transfers heat to the outside liquid medium to be heated.

4. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features: Strong light shines on the outer wall panel and transfers heat to the liquid medium inside to be heated.

5. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features: A light absorbing heating plate (light / heat conversion heat transfer plate) is arranged in the water pool or water tank.

6. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features: A light / heat heating spiral pipe section (light / heat conversion arc heating tube) with the function of moderately absorbing and transmitting light is arranged in a water pool, water tank or water tank.

7. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features It adopts floating and submerged light absorption heating, and the light absorption heat dissipation plate floats on the surface of the liquid medium to be heated, completing light / heat conversion and heat dissipation, and heating the liquid medium.

8. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features When heating the gas medium - use a light-absorbing gas phase heat sink (strong light irradiates the air heating plate in heating, and strong light irradiates the steam heater in power generation).

9. The design, manufacturing structure and use method of the strong light furnace according to claim 1 is the design, manufacturing and use method of the concentrated strong sunlight heating furnace. Features Heat solid loose items, such as fried melon seeds, peanuts, chestnuts, fried asphalt stones, etc., directly irradiate the items to be heated, and continuously turn and stir them.

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