Photovoltaic module cover plate glass capable of weakening shielding influence

Abstract

The invention discloses photovoltaic module cover plate glass capable of weakening shielding influence, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic module cover plate glass comprises cover plate glass, a pyramid-shaped structure layer is arranged on the upper surface of the cover plate glass, and the pyramid-shaped structure layer comprises a plurality of groups of pyramid-shaped structures which are continuously arranged; and a bubble layer is arranged in the cover plate glass. The pyramid-shaped structure layer can enable incident light to keep a large scattering angle, and the bubble layer can enable the incident light to keep a large transverse transmission distance. Through mutual coupling of the pyramid-shaped structure layer and the bubble layer, incident light bypasses a large-size shielding object, and the light bypassing the shielding object can ensure that a solar cell in a shielded area has certain power output, so that the overall power generation capacity of a photovoltaic module is improved, and damage of hot spots to the photovoltaic module is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, the reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover plate glass is equivalent to that of common photovoltaic module cover plate glass, and extra light energy loss cannot be caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and in particular relates to a photovoltaic component cover glass capable of reducing shading effects. Background Art

[0002] In actual working environment, photovoltaic modules will inevitably be blocked by various objects such as leaves, bird droppings, dust, wires, etc., resulting in partial shadows on the photovoltaic modules. The power generation capacity of the blocked cells is reduced, resulting in a serious mismatch between their output current and the output current of other cells in the module. On the one hand, it will significantly affect the overall power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module; on the other hand, it will cause the blocked cells to be in a reverse bias state, causing hot spot effect, resulting in a reduction in the service life of the photovoltaic module, and even fire hazards.

[0003] The most commonly used solution at present is to connect a bypass diode in parallel with the photovoltaic module. Although this method can shield the influence of the entire string of cells where the shaded cell is located on other modules, and prevent the power produced by other modules from being consumed by the shaded cell, this method has the following two disadvantages: first, the power production capacity of the entire string of cells where the shaded cell is located is completely abandoned; second, the shaded cell is still in a reverse biased state, and the hot spot effect cannot be avoided.

[0004] From an optical point of view, designing the cover glass structure can change the light propagation path. At present, there have been studies on the design of the upper and lower surface structures of optical glass, but the main purpose of most of the research is to increase the haze of the glass, thereby improving the light absorption efficiency of the solar cell light absorption layer, and does not involve the effect of allowing the incident light to bypass the obstruction. Although a patent such as CN209434210U discloses a solar cell module, including a front glass and a solar chip, and a convex lens is provided on an array of one side of the front glass close to the solar chip, the patent designs a convex lens structure on the lower surface of the photovoltaic cover glass, which can allow the incident light to bypass the shadow area. However, the convex lens structure in the patent is located on the lower surface of the cover glass, close to the light absorption layer in the solar cell, and the light emitted from the convex lens does not have enough longitudinal transmission distance, and it is difficult to bypass the shadow area, resulting in poor effect of improving the absorption of light intensity at the obstruction of the photovoltaic module.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary for the present invention to provide a photovoltaic module cover glass that can weaken the impact of obstruction, change the light propagation path, allow the incident light to bypass large-sized obstructions, and reach the battery area under the obstruction, thereby preventing the battery from forming a hot spot effect and ensuring that the solar cells in the obstructed area have a certain power output, thereby improving the overall power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems raised by the background technology, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module cover glass that can weaken the impact of obstruction, by designing a pyramid-shaped structure on the upper surface of the ordinary photovoltaic module cover glass to change the incident angle of light; designing a bubble layer inside the cover glass to change the light propagation path, and at the same time, with the help of total reflection on the inner surface of the cover glass, greatly improve the lateral transmission distance of the incident light; thereby, the incident light can bypass large-sized obstructions and reach the battery area under the obstructions.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module cover glass that can weaken the shielding effect, including a cover glass, the upper surface of which is provided with a pyramid-shaped structure layer, and the pyramid-shaped structure layer includes a plurality of groups of pyramid-shaped structures arranged continuously; and a bubble layer is provided inside the cover glass.

[0008] Furthermore, the bubble distribution density of the bubble layer is 4 to 20 / cm 2 .

[0009] Furthermore, the bubbles in the bubble layer are spherical and have a diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the gas in the bubbles is air or nitrogen.

[0011] Furthermore, the pyramid-shaped structure layer is made of glass with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.55.

[0012] Furthermore, the size of the pyramid-shaped structure is in the micrometer range, and the ratio of the height of the pyramid-shaped structure to the width of the base is 0.4-2.0.

[0013] Furthermore, the width of the base of the pyramid-shaped structure is 6 to 25 μm, and the height of the pyramid-shaped structure is 10 to 12 μm.

[0014] Furthermore, the cover glass has a thickness of 1.8 to 3.2 mm.

[0015] Furthermore, the cover glass is selected from one of K9 glass, polymethyl methacrylate glass or ultra-white glass.

[0016] Furthermore, when the blocked area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass reaches 10% of the total area, the average light intensity of the blocked area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass is 18% to 35% of the incident light intensity.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the photovoltaic module cover glass provided by the present invention can weaken the impact of shading, so that the incident light can bypass large-sized obstructions. The light bypassing the obstructions can ensure that the solar cells in the obstructed area have a certain power output, thereby improving the overall power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module and effectively avoiding damage to the photovoltaic module caused by hot spots.

[0018] At the same time, the reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover glass of the present invention is comparable to that of ordinary photovoltaic module cover glass, and no additional light energy loss will be caused. Compared with the currently most commonly used method of using bypass diodes to avoid hot spots, the photovoltaic module cover glass of the present invention can reduce the shading effect, increase the irradiance on the shaded cell, reduce the reverse bias voltage on the shaded cell, and not only reduce the impact of the hot spot effect, but also significantly improve the overall power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side structure of a photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing the shading effect in one embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a top view structure of a bubble layer in a photovoltaic module cover glass that can reduce the shading effect in one embodiment of the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the working principle of the pyramid-shaped structure layer of the photovoltaic module cover glass in Example 1 of the present invention to increase the scattering angle of incident light so that light bypasses an obstruction;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the light intensity distribution on the surface of the photovoltaic module cover glass of Example 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the working principle of the bubble layer of the photovoltaic module cover glass in Example 2 of the present invention increasing the lateral transmission distance of the incident light and thus allowing the light to bypass the obstruction;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the light intensity distribution on the surface of the photovoltaic module cover glass of Example 2 of the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic diagram showing the working principle of the bubble layer and pyramid-shaped structure layer of the photovoltaic module cover glass in Example 4 of the present invention to enable light to bypass an obstruction;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the light intensity distribution on the surface of the photovoltaic module cover glass of Example 4 of the present invention is shown;

[0027] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the side structure of the photovoltaic module cover glass in the comparative example of the present invention is shown;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of light intensity distribution on the surface of the photovoltaic module cover glass in a comparative example of the present invention is shown.

[0029] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following figure marks: 1-cover glass, 2-bubble layer, 3-pyramid layer, 4-obstruction, 5-convex lens, 6-PVB glue, A-incident light, B-large-angle scattered light, C-angle corresponding to the incident point light on the bubble surface, D-light reaching the lower surface of the cover glass, E-light path of the incident light in the bubble gap when there is no pyramid structure, A'-incident light in the bubble gap. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper limit and the lower limit of the scope is also specifically disclosed. Each smaller range between the intermediate value in any stated value or stated range and any other stated value or the intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope. The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0031] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module cover glass that can weaken the shielding effect, including a cover glass, the upper surface of which is provided with a pyramid-shaped structure layer, and the pyramid-shaped structure layer includes a plurality of groups of pyramid-shaped structures arranged continuously; and a bubble layer is provided inside the cover glass.

[0032] The present invention sets a pyramid-shaped structure layer on the upper surface of the cover glass and sets a bubble layer inside the cover glass. The effects of the pyramid-shaped structure layer and the bubble layer are coupled with each other, which can greatly improve the ability of incident light to bypass large-sized obstructions. Among them, the pyramid-shaped structure layer can keep the incident light at a large scattering angle, and the bubble layer can keep the incident light at a large lateral transmission distance. Under the refraction and reflection of the pyramid structure, the light emitted from the lower surface of the pyramid-shaped structure layer has a large scattering angle. On the one hand, it can play the role of allowing the incident light to bypass obstructions. On the other hand, the incident light originally at the bubble gap position can be scattered by the pyramid structure and irradiated onto the bubble, so that the light path is changed by the bubble.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the bubble distribution density of the bubble layer is 4 to 20 / cm 2 The bubbles in the bubble layer are spherical and have a diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 mm.

[0034] Through experimental research, the inventors found that the distribution pattern and size of bubbles have a certain influence on the ability of incident light to bypass large-area obstructions. With the increase of bubble size and distribution density, the average light intensity of the obstructed area shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. When the bubble distribution density and bubble diameter of the bubble layer are limited to the above range, the influence of obstructions can be well weakened, and the average light intensity of the obstructed area on the lower surface of the cover glass can be improved.

[0035] More preferably, the bubble distribution density of the bubble layer is 6 to 12 / cm 2 The bubble diameter of the bubble layer is 1.2 to 1.8 mm. Optimally, the bubble density of the bubble layer is 9 / cm 2 , the bubble diameter is 1.6mm.

[0036] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the bubbles in the bubble layer may be evenly distributed or randomly distributed, but more preferably, the bubbles in the bubble layer are evenly distributed. Specifically, the bubbles in the bubble layer are evenly distributed inside the cover glass, the cover glass is a single row of bubbles in the longitudinal direction, and the bubbles in the single row of bubbles are evenly distributed horizontally at the same interval, and the cover glass is a plurality of rows of bubbles in the transverse direction, and the plurality of rows of bubbles are evenly distributed vertically at the same interval.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the gas in the bubble layer is air or nitrogen, and the refractive index of the bubbles is about 1.0.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pyramid structure layer and the cover glass are made of the same material, and the refractive index is 1.45 to 1.55. By limiting the glass refractive index of the pyramid structure layer to the above range, the light can have a significant path change at the air / glass interface, and at the same time, most of the light can enter the interior of the glass. If the refractive index of the glass is too low, it will not be able to effectively change the path of the incident light, and thus will not be able to effectively promote the lateral transmission of the incident light; if the refractive index of the glass is too high, it will increase the reflectivity of the light at the air / glass interface, thereby increasing the reflectivity of the glass as a whole.

[0039] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the size of the pyramidal structure is in the micrometer range, and the ratio of the height of the pyramidal structure to the width of the base is 0.4 to 2.0. Furthermore, the width of the base of the pyramidal structure is 6 to 25 μm, and the height of the pyramidal structure is 10 to 12 μm. By synergistically controlling the height and base width of the pyramidal structure, not only can the scattering angle of the incident light be greatly improved, but also the reflectivity of the glass surface can be effectively reduced.

[0040] In order to further improve the ability of the photovoltaic module cover glass to weaken the influence of obstructions, in some optional embodiments of the present invention, the cover glass may include, but is not limited to, one or more of K9 glass (optical borosilicate glass, the number 9 represents the proportion of its lead oxide content), polymethyl methacrylate glass or ultra-white glass (also known as low-iron glass, high-transparency glass). The thickness of the cover glass is 1.8 to 3.2 mm.

[0041] The photovoltaic module cover glass of the present invention has a better effect of weakening the influence of obstructions. Through light intensity performance test research, when the obstructed area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass of the present invention reaches 10% of the total area, the average light intensity of the obstructed area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass can reach 18% to 35% of the incident light intensity.

[0042] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a photovoltaic module cover glass having a reduced shading effect, such as Figure 1 Its specific composition and indicators are as follows:

[0043] s1, using cover glass 1 (K9 glass) of ordinary photovoltaic modules, with an area of ​​20cm×20cm, a thickness of 3.2mm, and a refractive index of 1.46.

[0044] s2, a pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 is designed on the upper surface of the cover glass. The pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 includes a plurality of groups of pyramid-shaped structures arranged continuously. The width of the base of the pyramid is 3 μm, and the height is 15 μm. The material of the pyramid is glass, and the refractive index is 1.46.

[0045] s3, a bubble layer 2 is designed inside the cover glass, the bubble diameter is 1.6mm, and the bubble distribution density is 9 / cm 2 The bubbles in the bubble layer are evenly distributed inside the cover glass, and their distribution is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the cover glass has a single row of bubbles in the longitudinal direction, and the bubbles in the single row are evenly distributed horizontally with the same intervals. The cover glass has multiple rows of bubbles in the transverse direction, and the multiple rows of bubbles are evenly distributed vertically with the same intervals. The gas in the bubble layer is air, and the refractive index is 1.0.

[0046] The pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 on the upper surface of the photovoltaic module cover glass and the internal bubble layer 2 are coupled to enhance the ability of incident light to bypass large-area obstructions.

[0047] In order to compare the effect of the structure of the cover glass of the photovoltaic module on weakening the effect of the obstruction, an obstruction with an area of ​​6.6cm×6.6cm was placed in the center of the cover glass of the photovoltaic module to test the light intensity distribution. For example, only a pyramid-shaped structure layer is designed on the upper surface of the cover glass of the photovoltaic module. The cover glass of the photovoltaic module can greatly increase the scattering angle of the incident light. The specific test results are reflected in the obstructed area. The light intensity gradually decays from the edge of the obstruction to the center to 0, and the attenuation distance reaches 1cm. The reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover glass with only a pyramid-shaped structure layer is less than 1%.

[0048] For example, if only a bubble layer is designed inside the cover glass of a photovoltaic module, the light intensity will increase faster from the edge of the obstruction to the center, and the attenuation distance is about 3mm, but the bubble layer can greatly increase the lateral transmission distance of the incident light. The specific test results are reflected in the obstructed area, where the minimum light intensity can reach 12% of the incident light intensity, and the average light intensity in the obstructed area can reach 27.7% of the incident light intensity. The reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover glass with only an internal bubble layer is about 12%.

[0049] For example, the photovoltaic module cover glass with both the upper surface pyramid structure layer and the internal bubble layer, the pyramid structure layer keeps the incident light at a large scattering angle, and the bubble layer keeps the incident light at a large lateral transmission distance, the minimum light intensity in the shaded area reaches 18% of the incident light intensity, and the average light intensity under the shaded area can reach 30.2% of the incident light intensity. The reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover glass with both the upper surface pyramid structure layer and the internal bubble layer is less than 6%, which is equivalent to the reflectivity of 6.75% of the ordinary photovoltaic module cover glass.

[0050] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. These embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection claimed in the present application.

[0051] Example 1

[0052] A photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing the effect of shading, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes a cover glass 1, and a pyramid structure layer 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the cover glass 1. The pyramid structure layer 3 includes a plurality of groups of pyramid structures arranged continuously. The material of the pyramid structure is glass, and the refractive index is 1.46. After the incident light A is reflected and refracted by the pyramid structure, it enters the main body of the cover glass 1 at a large scattering angle. The light B scattered at a large angle can bypass the obstruction and reach the bottom of the obstruction.

[0053] When the cover glass 1 of the photovoltaic module has an area of ​​20 cm × 20 cm, a thickness of 3.2 mm, and a refractive index of 1.46, and the size of the obstruction 4 is 6.6 cm × 6.6 cm and is located in the center of the cover glass 1, only the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 is designed on the upper surface of the cover glass of the photovoltaic module. The bottom side length of the pyramid-shaped structure is 3 μm and the height is 15 μm. The light intensity distribution obtained on the lower surface of the cover glass of the photovoltaic module is as follows: Figure 4 shown.

[0054] It can be found from the figure that the light intensity gradually decays to 0 from the edge of the obstruction to the center, and the attenuation distance (referring to the distance from the edge of the obstruction area to the center direction where the light flux decays to the incident light intensity of 0) reaches 1 cm. The light intensity at the central position of the obstruction area is 0, indicating that only the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 cannot make the incident light bypass the large-area obstruction; the attenuation distance reaches 1 cm, indicating that the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 can greatly increase the scattering angle of the incident light. Moreover, the reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover glass with only the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 on the upper surface is 0.8%. Therefore, the role of the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 is mainly to greatly increase the scattering angle of the incident light, so that the light bypasses the obstruction.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] A photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing the effect of shading, such as Figure 5 As shown, it includes a cover glass 1, and a bubble layer 2 is arranged inside the cover glass 1. When incident light A irradiates the bubble, there are three cases according to the angle corresponding to the incident point light.

[0057] In the first case, when the incident light A hits the edge of the bubble (the angle corresponding to the incident point is less than 21.5°), the incident light is totally reflected by the bubble, but the outgoing light D does not meet the total reflection condition on the lower surface of the cover glass 1, so part of the light is reflected and part of the light is transmitted.

[0058] In the second case, when the incident light A irradiates the middle of the bubble (the angle corresponding to the incident point is greater than 21.5° and less than 47°), the incident light is totally reflected by the bubble, and the outgoing light D is totally reflected at the lower surface of the cover glass 1 .

[0059] In the third case, when the incident light A irradiates the upper part of the bubble (the angle corresponding to the incident point is greater than 47°), part of the incident light is reflected by the bubble, and part of the incident light enters the interior of the bubble and is reflected and transmitted multiple times. The outgoing light D has multiple incident angles on the lower surface of the cover glass 1.

[0060] In a photovoltaic module cover glass with multiple bubbles, the mutual influence of the bubbles can allow part of the incident light A to have a large lateral transmission distance, thereby bypassing the obstruction and reaching under the obstruction.

[0061] When the cover glass 1 of the photovoltaic module has an area of ​​20 cm × 20 cm, a thickness of 3.2 mm, and a refractive index of 1.46, and the size of the shielding object 4 is 6.6 cm × 6.6 cm and is located in the center of the cover glass 1, only the bubble layer 2 is designed inside the cover glass of the photovoltaic module, the bubble diameter is 1.6 mm, and the distribution density of the bubble is 9 / cm 2 , evenly distributed, the distribution is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the bubble refractive index is 1.0. The light intensity distribution obtained on the lower surface of the photovoltaic module cover glass is as follows Figure 6 shown.

[0062] It can be found from the figure that the light intensity gradually decays from the edge of the obstruction to the center to 12% of the incident light intensity, and the attenuation distance (referring to the distance from the edge of the obstruction area to the center where the light flux decays to an incident light intensity of 0) is 3mm. The attenuation distance is only 3mm, which means that the bubble layer 2 cannot make the surface of the cover glass 1 have a larger light intensity in a larger range close to the edge of the obstruction like the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3. When the cover glass 1 only has an internal bubble layer 2, the average light intensity in the obstructed area can reach 27.7% of the incident light intensity. The reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover glass with only an internal bubble layer 2 is 12.1%. Therefore, the main function of the bubble layer 2 is to greatly increase the lateral transmission distance of the incident light and allow the light to bypass the obstruction.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] When only the bubble layer is designed inside the cover glass of the photovoltaic module, the bubble size, surface density and distribution significantly affect the ability of the incident light to bypass large-area obstructions. Therefore, this embodiment explores the performance of different bubble sizes and bubble distribution densities. Table 1 shows that when the area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass is 20cm×20cm, the thickness is 3.2mm, the refractive index is 1.46, and the obstruction size is 6.6cm×6.6cm and is located in the center of the cover glass, the bubbles are evenly distributed, and the distribution is as follows Figure 2 As shown in Figure 1, when the bubble refractive index is 1.0, the bubble size and surface density affect the average light intensity in the shaded area. The unit of light intensity is expressed as a percentage of the incident light intensity.

[0065] Table 1 shows the average light intensity of the blocked area under different bubble sizes and distribution densities.

[0066]

[0067] It can be found from Table 1 that with the increase of bubble size and distribution density, the average light intensity of the blocked area shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Therefore, the distribution of bubbles also has a certain influence on the ability of incident light to bypass large-area obstructions. The optimal bubble size and distribution density are bubble diameter of 1.6 mm and bubble distribution density of 9 / cm. -2At the optimal size and density, when the bubbles are randomly distributed, the average light intensity of the shaded area on the lower surface of the cover glass is 26.67% of the incident light intensity; when the bubbles are evenly distributed, the average light intensity of the shaded area on the lower surface of the cover glass is 27.7% of the incident light intensity.

[0068] Example 4

[0069] A photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing the effect of shading, such as Figure 7 As shown, it includes a cover glass 1, the upper surface of which is provided with a pyramid structure layer 3, the pyramid structure layer 3 includes a plurality of groups of pyramid structures arranged continuously, the material of the pyramid structure is glass, and the refractive index is 1.46; a bubble layer 2 is provided inside the cover glass 1. The bottom side length of the pyramid structure of the photovoltaic module cover glass 1 is 3 μm, the height is 15 μm, the bubble diameter is 1.6 mm, and the distribution density of the bubble is 9 / cm -2 , bubbles are evenly distributed (distribution method such as Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , the refractive index of the bubble layer is 1.0. At this time, the incident light A above the bubbles on the upper surface of the cover glass 1 of the photovoltaic module will be scattered at a large angle by the pyramid structure layer 3; the incident light A' incident to the gap between the bubbles will also be scattered at a large angle by the pyramid structure layer 3, and will not directly pass through the glass along the light path E as when there is no pyramid structure.

[0070] When the cover glass 1 of the photovoltaic module has an area of ​​20 cm × 20 cm and a thickness of 3.2 mm, and the shielding object 4 has a size of 6.6 cm × 6.6 cm and is located in the center of the cover glass 1, the light intensity distribution obtained on the lower surface of the cover glass of the photovoltaic module is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0071] It can be seen from the figure that the light intensity gradually decays from the edge of the obstruction to the center to 18% of the incident light intensity, and the attenuation distance is 1 cm. The attenuation distance is 1 cm, which is equivalent to the case with only the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3, indicating that the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 keeps the incident light A at a large scattering angle. The light intensity at the central position of the obstruction area is 18% of the incident light intensity, which is higher than the case with only the bubble layer 2, indicating that the bubble layer 2 keeps the incident light at a longer lateral transmission distance, and the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 is coupled with the bubble layer 2 to further enhance the ability of the incident light to bypass large-sized obstructions. When the photovoltaic module cover glass has both the upper surface pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 and the internal bubble layer 2, the average light intensity under the obstructed area can reach 30.2% of the incident light intensity. The reflectivity of the photovoltaic module cover glass with both the upper surface pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 and the internal bubble layer 2 is 5.8%, which is equivalent to the reflectivity of 6.75% of the ordinary photovoltaic module cover glass.

[0072] Comparative Example

[0073] This comparative example proposes a photovoltaic module cover glass, such as Fig. 9 As shown, it includes a cover glass 1, and a convex lens 5 is arranged on the lower surface of the cover glass. The designed convex lens 5 allows the incident light to bypass the large-sized obstruction. The area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass is 20cm×20cm, the thickness is 3.2mm, and the refractive index is 1.46. The obstruction size is 6.6cm×6.6cm and is located in the center of the cover glass 1. The curvature radius of the convex lens 5 on the lower surface of the cover glass 1 is set to 5mm, and PVB glue 6 is arranged below the convex lens 5 with a thickness of 0.1mm. The refractive index of the cover glass 1 and the convex lens 5 is 1.52, and the refractive index of the PVB glue 6 (polyvinyl butyral glue) is 1.488.

[0074] The light intensity distribution obtained on the lower surface of the photovoltaic module cover glass is as follows Fig.10 As shown, it can be seen that the attenuation distance of light intensity from the edge of the obstruction to the center is only 3 mm, the light intensity at the center of the obstruction area is only 2% of the incident light intensity, and the average light intensity in the obstructed area is 3.0% of the incident light intensity. All three indicators are far lower than the photovoltaic module cover glass proposed in the present invention.

[0075] In summary, the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 can keep the incident light at a large scattering angle. On the one hand, it can make the incident light bypass the obstruction. On the other hand, it can make the incident light originally in the gap between the bubbles be scattered by the pyramid and shine on the bubbles, so that the light path is changed by the bubbles. The bubble layer 2 can keep the incident light at a large lateral transmission distance. Through the mutual coupling of the pyramid-shaped structure layer 3 and the bubble layer 2, the ability of the incident light to bypass large-sized obstructions can be further improved. The light bypassing the obstruction can ensure that the solar cells in the obstructed area have a certain power output, thereby improving the overall power generation capacity of the photovoltaic module and effectively avoiding the damage of hot spots to the photovoltaic module.

[0076] The above-described embodiments only represent the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. The present invention can also be implemented in other specific ways or other specific forms without departing from the gist or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the described embodiments should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive in any respect. The scope of the present invention should be described by the attached claims, and any changes equivalent to the intention and scope of the claims should also be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing the effect of shading, characterized in that: It comprises a cover glass, the upper surface of which is provided with a pyramid structure layer, wherein the pyramid structure layer comprises a plurality of groups of pyramid structures arranged continuously; and a bubble layer is provided inside the cover glass.

2. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing the shading effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bubble distribution density of the bubble layer is 4 to 20 / cm 2 .

3. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing the shading effect according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bubbles in the bubble layer are spherical and have a diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 mm.

4. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing shading effects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas in the bubble layer is air or nitrogen.

5. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing shading effects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyramid structure layer is made of glass with a refractive index of 1.45 to 1.

55.

6. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing shading effects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The size of the pyramid-shaped structure is in the micrometer range, and the ratio of the height to the base width of the pyramid-shaped structure is 0.4-2.

0.

7. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing shading effects according to claim 6, characterized in that: The base width of the pyramid structure is 6 to 25 μm, and the height of the pyramid structure is 10 to 12 μm.

8. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing shading effects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the cover glass is 1.8-3.2 mm.

9. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing shading effects according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover glass is selected from one of K9 glass, polymethyl methacrylate glass or ultra-white glass.

10. The photovoltaic module cover glass capable of reducing shielding effects according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein when the shielded area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass reaches 10% of the total area, the average light intensity of the shielded area of ​​the photovoltaic module cover glass is 18% to 35% of the incident light intensity.

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