Method and apparatus for determining coverage sector of directional antenna, and computer program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna and a computer program product. Relates to the field of directional antenna signal transmission. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring node positions respectively corresponding to a plurality of sensors; determining a plurality of initial coverage sectors corresponding to the plurality of candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna; based on the node positions corresponding to the plurality of sensors and the plurality of initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of signal emission of the directional antenna and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization target, and the target coverage sector of the directional antenna is obtained, the sensor coverage rate is used for indicating the proportion of the maximum number of the sensors covered by the candidate transmission signals in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the transmission state to the total number of the plurality of sensors. According to the method and the device, the technical problem of excessive energy consumption caused by incomplete consideration factors when the coverage sector of the directional antenna is determined in the prior art is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of directional antenna signal transmission, and in particular to a method and device for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna, and a computer program product. Background Art

[0002] In the process of monitoring a specific area, the area is monitored based on the communication between the sensor and the directional antenna, for example, monitoring of forest fires.

[0003] The directional antenna transmits multiple signals to form a coverage sector so that the sensor can receive the signal and respond accordingly. In order to allow more sensors to receive the signal, the directional antenna will rotate the transmission direction, thereby transmitting signals in multiple directions. However, since the energy used for each signal transmission is doubled, transmitting multiple signals in this way will increase energy consumption. However, in the related art, when determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna, only as many sensors as possible are considered to receive the signal, but the energy consumption is not considered. The consideration of factors is not comprehensive, and the energy consumption is too high.

[0004] To address the above-mentioned problems, no effective solution has been proposed yet. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present invention provide a method, an apparatus and a computer program product for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna, so as to at least solve the technical problem of excessive energy consumption caused by incomplete consideration of factors when determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna in the related art.

[0006] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for determining coverage sectors of a directional antenna is provided, comprising: acquiring node positions corresponding to a plurality of sensors respectively; determining a plurality of initial coverage sectors corresponding to a plurality of candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna, wherein the plurality of candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the plurality of initial coverage sectors; based on the node positions corresponding to the plurality of sensors respectively and the plurality of initial coverage sectors, optimizing the coverage sectors of the directional antenna with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmission signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as optimization goals, and obtaining a target coverage sector of the directional antenna, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the maximum number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of the plurality of sensors.

[0007] Optionally, based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sectors of the directional antenna are optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signals and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goals to obtain the target coverage sectors of the directional antenna, including: determining the activation states corresponding to the multiple initial coverage sectors, wherein the activation states are used to indicate whether the candidate transmission signals are transmitted; obtaining a sector activation rate based on the proportion of the number of coverage sectors in the multiple initial coverage sectors that are activated to the total number of the multiple initial coverage sectors; determining the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signals based on the sector activation rate; based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sectors of the directional antenna are optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signals and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goals to obtain the target coverage sectors of the directional antenna.

[0008] Optionally, based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, including: determining the activation states corresponding to the multiple initial coverage sectors, wherein the activation state is used to indicate whether the candidate transmission signal is transmitted; obtaining the sensor coverage rate based on the proportion of the number of sensors included in the coverage sector with an activation state as activated to the multiple sensors; based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna.

[0009] Optionally, based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signals and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goals to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, including: based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signals and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goals, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized using a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the target coverage sector.

[0010] Optionally, based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, including: determining an initial particle group, wherein the initial particle group includes multiple initial particles, and the initial particles are used to indicate a set of target coverage sector selection strategies initially set; based on the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate, the initial particle group is iteratively optimized using a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal; based on the selection strategy of the target coverage sector indicated in the target particle, the target coverage sector is determined.

[0011] Optionally, based on the fact that the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal is the lowest and the sensor coverage rate is the highest, the discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the initial particle swarm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal, including: determining a sector activation rate based on the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal, wherein the sector activation rate is used to indicate the proportion of the number of coverage sectors with an activation state of activated to the total number of the multiple initial coverage sectors; determining the fitness of the initial particle swarm based on the sensor coverage rate and the sector activation rate; taking the highest fitness as the optimization goal, and iteratively optimizing the initial particle swarm using the discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal.

[0012] Optionally, determining the fitness of the initial particle swarm based on the sensor coverage and the sector activation rate includes: constructing the fitness of the initial particle swarm in the following manner:

[0013] F=ωR T +(1-ω)(1-R S )

[0014] Wherein, F is the fitness, ω is the preset weight value, R T is the sensor coverage, R S is the sector activation rate.

[0015] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a device for determining coverage sectors of a directional antenna is also provided, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring node positions corresponding to multiple sensors respectively; a determination module for determining multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna, wherein the multiple candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the multiple initial coverage sectors; an optimization module for optimizing the coverage sectors of the directional antenna based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors respectively and the multiple initial coverage sectors, with the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmission signal being minimized and the sensor coverage rate being maximized as optimization goals, to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of the multiple sensors.

[0016] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a non-volatile storage medium is provided, wherein the non-volatile storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, wherein the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executing any one of the methods for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna.

[0017] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of any one of the methods for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna are implemented.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, by obtaining the node positions corresponding to multiple sensors respectively; determining multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple candidate transmission signals of a directional antenna, wherein the multiple candidate transmission signals correspond one to one to the multiple initial coverage sectors; based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors respectively and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sectors of the directional antenna are optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmission signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization target, and the target coverage sector of the directional antenna is obtained, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmission state to the total number of the multiple sensors. The purpose of accurately determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna by comprehensively considering the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmission signal and the sensor coverage rate is achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of comprehensively considering factors and reducing the energy consumption of the directional antenna when covering the sector, and thus solving the technical problem of excessive energy consumption caused by incomplete consideration of factors when determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna in the related technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a comparison diagram of activation rates of a simulation experiment of a method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a fitness comparison diagram of a simulation experiment of a method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a flow chart of an optional method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a coverage sector determination device of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0027] In the related art, wired transmission or wireless transmission can be used in the signal transmission process. Wired channel monitoring adopts wired communication, but this method faces the problems of difficult fault repair, difficult initial hardware facility construction, and high maintenance cost in the later stage. Wireless ad hoc networks can deploy and utilize multi-hop transmission of multiple relay nodes through wireless communication, enhance relay coverage, improve data transmission quality, and have strong data collection capabilities and fault tolerance and anti-destruction. However, the broadcast characteristics of wireless media can reduce total resource consumption, but will cause interference between wireless links. Therefore, directional antennas are used to transmit signals. Directional antennas concentrate the transmission power on the main lobe and radiate very little on the side lobes. In this case, only nodes located in the main lobe of the transmitter will interfere with other transmitters, thereby reducing co-channel interference between links running on the same channel. Wireless networks based on directional antennas can bring benefits such as lower interference, longer communication distance, and better network space reusability. Since the transmission power is concentrated in a certain direction, this can reduce interference, but it will increase the number of transmissions. When the transmission range of the sensor is limited to a certain coverage sector, the number of sensors in other coverage sectors will be reduced, resulting in reduced sensor coverage.

[0028] In order to allow the transmitted signal to cover more sensors, the related technology usually uses a directional antenna to transmit more signals to form a coverage sector so that the sensor can receive the signal and respond accordingly. In order to allow more sensors to receive the signal, the directional antenna will rotate the transmission direction, thereby sending transmission signals in multiple directions respectively. However, since the energy used for each signal transmission is doubled, transmitting multiple signals in this way will increase energy consumption. However, when determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna, the above method only considers as many sensors as possible to receive the signal, but does not consider the issue of energy consumption. The consideration of factors is not comprehensive, and the energy consumption is too high.

[0029] First, to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, some terms or nouns involved in the present invention are explained below:

[0030] Directional antenna refers to an antenna that transmits and receives electromagnetic waves very strongly in one or several specific directions, while transmitting and receiving electromagnetic waves in other directions is zero or very small. The use of directional transmitting antennas can increase the effective utilization of radiation power and increase confidentiality; directional antennas can also enhance signal strength and increase anti-interference capabilities.

[0031] The coverage sector refers to the area where the signal power density is greater than or equal to the minimum specified value.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0033] Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the method comprises the following steps:

[0034] Step S102, obtaining node positions corresponding to a plurality of sensors respectively;

[0035] Optionally, the deployment of multiple sensors is usually affected by multiple restrictions and random factors, resulting in the random distribution of the node positions of multiple sensors, so it is necessary to obtain the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors, wherein the node positions are the sensor deployment positions. Among them, the factors affecting the sensor location deployment include at least one of the following: First, environmental restrictions. Some places may not be accurately deployed as planned due to terrain, obstacles or safety reasons, and can only choose nearby feasible locations, thereby increasing the randomness of sensor placement. Second, the number of equipment settings. In many cases, the number of available sensors is limited, so it is impossible to place a sensor at each ideal monitoring point. In order to cover as many areas as possible, the node positions of sensors may be randomly distributed throughout the area. Third, in large-scale monitoring areas, such as forests, wilderness or oceans, the node positions of sensors may be deployed by drones, delivery equipment, etc., and the above methods are difficult to achieve accurate placement, resulting in random distribution of sensor node positions. Fourth, dynamic environmental impact. The monitored environment itself may change, resulting in the node position of the originally accurately placed sensor to be offset or unable to be effectively monitored. At this time, the distribution of the sensor node positions will become more random. In addition, in the current monitoring process, some inspection robots may be used, and the positions will change.

[0036] Optionally, in actual applications, the node positions of multiple sensors are random, but in the simulation and operation process, the node positions are pre-set by the staff, so in the actual simulation process, there is no need to obtain the corresponding node positions of multiple sensors.

[0037] Optionally, a set of multiple sensors is defined as T = {t1, t2, ..., t M}, where t b (b=1, 2, ..., M) represents any one of the multiple sensors, and M represents the total number of the multiple sensors.

[0038] Step S104, determining a plurality of initial coverage sectors corresponding to a plurality of candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna, wherein the plurality of candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the plurality of initial coverage sectors;

[0039] Optionally, a directional antenna is an antenna that can transmit signals in a specific direction. It can transmit signals by adjusting the transmission angle and direction. Multiple candidate transmission signals correspond to different signal transmission angles and transmission directions, and then multiple candidate transmission signals correspond to different initial coverage sectors. When determining that a directional antenna transmits multiple candidate transmission signals, it is necessary to consider the initial coverage sector corresponding to each candidate transmission signal, that is, the coverage range and direction of the transmission signal. By determining the initial coverage sector corresponding to each signal, the coverage range of the signal can be effectively managed and optimized.

[0040] Specifically, the direction of the directional antenna may be the main lobe direction of the directional antenna, and the main lobe direction may be adjusted to determine the position of the initial coverage sector corresponding to each candidate transmission signal.

[0041] Optionally, when there are multiple directional antennas S = {s1, s2, ..., s N}, any directional antenna s among multiple directional antennas i (i=1,2,…,N) has p i There are possible candidate transmission signal directions, each direction corresponds to an initial coverage sector D, where D = {D ij ,1≤i≤N,1≤j≤p i Specifically, each coverage sector D ij Directional antennas i The jth largest coverage sector, and each directional antenna s i You can select at least one D ij To cover.

[0042] Step S106, based on the node positions and the multiple initial coverage sectors respectively corresponding to the multiple sensors, the coverage sectors of the directional antenna are optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage as the optimization goal, and the target coverage sector of the directional antenna is obtained, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the maximum number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmitting signal in the transmitting state to the total number of multiple sensors.

[0043] Optionally, considering that each time a directional antenna transmits a candidate transmission signal, the energy consumption increases, if too many candidate transmission signals are transmitted, the entire monitoring area may be covered, but the energy consumption is high. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the energy consumption of the antenna transmission signal and the sensor coverage rate to effectively achieve a relative balance between the energy consumption of the antenna transmission signal and the sensor coverage rate.

[0044] In an optional embodiment, based on node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple sensors respectively, with the lowest energy consumption of directional antenna signal transmission and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, including: determining the activation status corresponding to the multiple initial coverage sectors respectively, wherein the activation status is used to indicate whether the candidate transmission signal is transmitted; obtaining the sector activation rate based on the proportion of the number of activated coverage sectors in the multiple initial coverage sectors to the total number of the multiple initial coverage sectors; determining the energy consumption of directional antenna signal transmission based on the sector activation rate; based on node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to the multiple sensors respectively, with the lowest energy consumption of directional antenna signal transmission and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna.

[0045] Optionally, each time a directional antenna transmits a signal, energy consumption increases, so the amount of energy consumption is related to the number of times the signal is transmitted. Each time a signal is transmitted, a coverage sector appears, so the amount of energy consumption is related to the number of coverage sectors. The coverage sector formed by the transmitted signal is determined as an activated coverage sector. The more activated coverage sectors there are, the higher the energy consumption may be. That is, the number of activated coverage sectors needs to be reduced to achieve the effect of reducing energy consumption.

[0046] Optionally, determine whether the overlay sector is activated, specifically:

[0047]

[0048] Among them, y ij Indicates the activation status corresponding to any initial coverage sector among multiple initial coverage sectors.

[0049] Optionally, based on the acquired activation status, a sector activation rate is determined, wherein the sector activation rate may be determined based on a ratio of the number of activated coverage sectors to the total number of multiple initial coverage sectors, and may also be determined based on a ratio of the number of unactivated coverage sectors to the total number of multiple initial coverage sectors. In the case where the number of activated coverage sectors is large, the number of activated coverage sectors may be indirectly obtained by obtaining the number of unactivated coverage sectors.

[0050] Optionally, the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal is determined based on the sector activation rate. The higher the sector activation rate, the higher the energy consumption. Conversely, the lower the sector activation rate, the lower the energy consumption. When the activation rate is minimized, the energy consumption is minimized, thereby effectively reducing energy consumption.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, based on node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple sensors respectively, with the lowest energy consumption of directional antenna signal transmission and the maximum sensor coverage rate as optimization goals, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, including: determining the activation states corresponding to the multiple initial coverage sectors respectively, wherein the activation state is used to indicate whether the candidate transmission signal is transmitted; obtaining the sensor coverage rate based on the proportion of the number of sensors included in the coverage sector with the activation state as activated to the multiple sensors; based on node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to the multiple sensors respectively, with the lowest energy consumption of directional antenna signal transmission and the maximum sensor coverage rate as optimization goals, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna.

[0052] Optionally, determining whether the multiple sensors are covered by the initial coverage sector and determining whether the multiple sensors are covered by the activated coverage sector are specifically expressed as follows:

[0053]

[0054] in, Represents the mth sensor t among multiple sensors m Whether it is covered by the jth coverage sector of the i-th directional antenna, represents the mth sensor t m Whether it is covered by any activated overlay sector, represents the mth sensor t m Whether it is covered by the coverage sector emitted by the i-th directional antenna.

[0055] Optionally, the mth sensor t m Covered as well as The following constraints exist, as follows:

[0056]

[0057] Optionally, based on whether the multiple sensors obtained above are covered by the activated coverage sector, the number of sensors in the activated coverage sector is determined, so as to obtain the proportion of the number of sensors included in the activated coverage sector to all sensors in the monitored area and determine the sensor coverage rate; or, when the number of sensors in the activated coverage sector is large and difficult to obtain, the method of obtaining the number of sensors in the unactivated coverage sector can be adopted to obtain the sensor coverage rate.

[0058] Optionally, the sector activation rate is minimized (energy consumption is minimized) while the sensor coverage rate is maximized, and both characteristic factors are considered at the same time to achieve a balance, thereby effectively achieving the effect of reducing energy consumption.

[0059] In an optional embodiment, based on node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple sensors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, including: based on node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple sensors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized using a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector.

[0060] Optionally, a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to optimize the coverage sector of the directional antenna to find the best directional antenna coverage sector configuration to achieve the best performance. Through the above optimization method, the efficiency and performance of the directional antenna can be improved, while reducing energy consumption and increasing the coverage range of the sensor.

[0061] Optionally, Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) is an optimization method based on particle swarm optimization algorithm, which can solve discrete optimization problems. In the DPSO algorithm, each particle represents a candidate solution in a solution space, and the particle updates its position according to its own fitness and the optimal solution of its neighboring particles. At the same time, the DPSO algorithm has a high convergence speed and global search capability, which can solve discrete optimization problems and effectively achieve the selection of the target coverage sector with the lowest energy consumption and the maximum sensor coverage while considering two optimization objectives at the same time.

[0062] In an optional embodiment, based on the node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors respectively corresponding to multiple sensors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, including: determining an initial particle group, wherein the initial particle group includes multiple initial particles, and the initial particles are used to indicate a set of target coverage sector selection strategies initially set; based on the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate, a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the initial particle group to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal; based on the selection strategy of the target coverage sector indicated in the target particle, the target coverage sector is determined.

[0063] Optionally, the specific steps of the DPSO algorithm are as follows:

[0064] Step S1061, initializing a particle swarm, including parameters such as particle positions and velocities, wherein the initial particles are used to indicate a set of initially set target coverage sector selection strategies.

[0065] Specifically, define the particle position set X z =(x z1 ,x z2 ,...,x zD ) and the velocity set V z =(v z1 ,v z2 ,...,v zD ), the fitness function is used to calculate the fitness to evaluate the solution quality of each particle, where D represents the number of moves of any particle (such as the zth particle) in the initialized particle swarm, and the position set X z Each element in corresponds to a position of the zth particle; the velocity set V z Each element in corresponds to a moving speed of the zth particle.

[0066] Step S1062, calculating the fitness of each initial particle swarm, and updating the optimal position of the particle swarm and the global optimal position.

[0067] Step S1063, according to the preset optimization target (the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal is the lowest and the sensor coverage is the highest), the speed and position of each particle are updated.

[0068] Specifically, the speed and position of the particle are updated so that it iteratively approaches the optimal solution in the discrete search space. The position of the zth particle after the tth iteration is calculated according to renew.

[0069] In the DPSO algorithm, particle velocity and position are updated through three operations. First, Represents the speed operation of particles and generates temporary particles F1 represents the mutation operator, and its application probability is c1. Then, a random number r∈(0,1) is generated. If r∈(0,1)<c1, a new particle is generated by applying the mutation operator to the current particle. Otherwise, set the new particle as the current particle, i.e. Next, perform the operation is the cognitive part of the particle, is a temporary particle, F2 represents the crossover operator, which is applied with probability c2. Therefore, the result is, or The third operation is This is the social part of the particle. F3 represents the crossover operator, which is applied with probability c3. The result is or Location The mutation operator F1 of represents replacing the initial coverage sector of the sensor with a randomly selected coverage sector. For example, when And when mutations occur at the second, third, and seventh positions, you may get Operator F2 represents the selection and As the first and second parents of the intersection operation respectively. If the random number r∈(0,1)<c1, then swap from left to right and Each coverage sector in . For example, 3,0,2,3,1,4,0,2) and If all generated uniform random numbers are less than c1, then we get The crossover operator F3 represents the selection and G t As the first and second parents of the crossover operator, respectively, similar to F2; if the random number r∈(0,1)<c2, then swap from left to right and G t Each different coverage sector in.

[0070] Step S1064, iteratively repeating step S1062 and step S1063 until the number of iterations is reached or the optimal target is reached, and outputting the selection strategy of the target coverage sector.

[0071] In an optional embodiment, based on the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage, a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the initial particle swarm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal, including: determining the sector activation rate based on the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal, wherein the sector activation rate is used to indicate the proportion of the number of coverage sectors with an activation state of activated to the total number of multiple initial coverage sectors; determining the fitness of the initial particle swarm based on the sensor coverage and the sector activation rate; taking the highest fitness as the optimization goal, and iteratively optimizing the initial particle swarm using a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal.

[0072] It can be understood that by determining the sector activation rate through the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal, the ratio of the number of activated coverage sectors to the total number of initial coverage sectors can be evaluated, thereby quantifying the activation status of the coverage sectors; based on the sensor coverage rate and the sector activation rate, the fitness of the initial particle swarm is determined to evaluate the quality of the particle swarm; the discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the initial particle swarm to maximize the fitness and obtain the target particles that meet the optimization goals.

[0073] Optionally, based on calculating the fitness of each initial particle group, and updating the optimal position of the particle group and the global optimal position, the optimal target coverage sector selection strategy is achieved. For example, a specific scenario is selected in an area of ​​800m×400m, and the number of sensors is 50. The simulation parameters are selected as follows: coverage radius R=70m, field of view θ=60°, fitness function weight ω=0.5, and a simulation is established. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 This is a comparison chart of activation rates of a simulation experiment of a method for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, it is a comparison between the sector activation rate obtained by the DPSO algorithm adopted in this embodiment and the sector activation rates obtained by the greedy algorithm and the genetic algorithm respectively in the related technology. It can be seen that based on the above simulation results, as the number of target nodes (sensors) increases, the coverage range increases due to the increase in the number of nodes (sensors) that need to be covered, thereby gradually increasing the coverage sector activation rate. The sector activation rate using the DPSO algorithm increases more slowly than that using the greedy algorithm and the genetic algorithm, effectively showing the effect of reducing energy consumption. Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 This is a fitness comparison diagram of a simulation experiment of a method for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fitness of the DPSO algorithm is higher than the corresponding fitness of the greedy algorithm and the genetic algorithm, which effectively shows that the DPSO algorithm is more suitable for obtaining a sector selection strategy with low energy consumption and high sensor coverage.

[0074] In an optional embodiment, determining the fitness of the initial particle swarm based on the sensor coverage rate and the sector activation rate includes: constructing the fitness of the initial particle swarm in the following manner: constructing the fitness of the initial particle swarm in the following manner:

[0075] F=ωR T +(1-ω)(1-R S )

[0076] Among them, F is the fitness, ω is the preset weight value, R T is the sensor coverage, R S is the sector activation rate.

[0077] Optionally, the sensor coverage rate and the sector activation rate are comprehensively considered, that is, the two are added according to the preset weights. The preset weight values ​​can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual application. When the communication requirements are high, the value of the preset weight value is increased, which can increase the proportion of the sensor coverage rate; when the communication requirements are low, the value of the preset weight value can be reduced, so that the proportion of the sensor coverage rate is reduced, and the proportion of the sector activation rate is increased. When the consideration of the sector activation rate increases, the number of covered sectors is reduced, thereby achieving the effect of reducing energy consumption.

[0078] Through the above steps S102 to S106, the purpose of comprehensively considering the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the sensor coverage rate and accurately determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna can be achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of comprehensively considering factors and reducing the energy consumption of the coverage sector of the directional antenna, and further solving the technical problem of excessive energy consumption caused by incomplete consideration of factors when determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna in the related technology.

[0079] Based on the above embodiments and optional embodiments, the present invention proposes an optional implementation mode: Figure 4 is a flow chart of an optional method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 4 As shown, the method includes:

[0080] Step S1, constructing a model, abstracting the elements involved in the wireless sensor network corresponding to the directional antenna into target nodes (location nodes of multiple sensors) and convergence sensors based on directional antennas (directions corresponding to candidate transmission signals of directional antennas, i.e., locations of coverage sectors).

[0081] Step S2, proposing the problem of wireless sensor network coverage enhancement and determining the optimization target;

[0082] Define the objective function: maximize the number of covered targets (maximum sensor coverage) Minimize the number of activated directional antenna nodes (sector activation rate) Among them, y ij Indicates whether the directional antenna node is activated. Whether the sensor is covered by the activation direction coverage sector, p i is the direction of the candidate transmitted signal.

[0083] Step S3, obtaining a coverage sector selection strategy with enhanced wireless sensor network coverage and low energy consumption based on a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm (DPSO).

[0084] Through the above steps S1 to S3, the purpose of comprehensively considering the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the sensor coverage rate and accurately determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna can be achieved, thereby achieving the technical effect of comprehensively considering factors and reducing the energy consumption of the coverage sector of the directional antenna, and further solving the technical problem of excessive energy consumption caused by incomplete consideration of factors when determining the coverage sector of the directional antenna in the related technology.

[0085] In this embodiment, a device for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna is also provided, and the device is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and the descriptions that have been made are not repeated here. As used below, the terms "module" and "device" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware for a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus embodiment for implementing the above-mentioned method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna. Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a device for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the above-mentioned coverage sector determination device of the directional antenna includes: an acquisition module 501, a determination module 502 and an optimization module 503, wherein:

[0087] An acquisition module 501 is used to acquire node positions corresponding to a plurality of sensors respectively;

[0088] The determination module 502 is connected to the acquisition module 501 and is used to determine a plurality of initial coverage sectors corresponding to a plurality of candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna, wherein the plurality of candidate transmission signals correspond to the plurality of initial coverage sectors one by one;

[0089] The optimization module 503 is connected to the determination module 502, and is used to optimize the coverage sector of the directional antenna based on the node positions and multiple initial coverage sectors respectively corresponding to the multiple sensors, with the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal being minimized and the sensor coverage rate being maximized as the optimization goal, so as to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the maximum number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of multiple sensors.

[0090] It should be noted that the above modules can be implemented by software or hardware. For example, for the latter, it can be implemented in the following ways: the above modules can be located in the same processor; or the above modules can be located in different processors in any combination.

[0091] It should be noted that the acquisition module 501, the determination module 502 and the optimization module 503 correspond to steps S102 to S106 in the embodiment, and the examples and application scenarios implemented by the modules and the corresponding steps are the same, but are not limited to the contents disclosed in the embodiment. It should be noted that the modules as part of the device can be run in a computer terminal.

[0092] It should be noted that the optional or preferred implementation of this embodiment can refer to the relevant description in the embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0093] The above-mentioned directional antenna coverage sector determination device may also include a processor and a memory. The above-mentioned acquisition module 501, determination module 502 and optimization module 503 are all stored in the memory as program modules, and the processor executes the above-mentioned program modules stored in the memory to realize corresponding functions.

[0094] The processor includes a kernel, which retrieves the corresponding program module from the memory. The kernel may be one or more. The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of a non-volatile storage medium is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the non-volatile storage medium includes a stored program, wherein when the program is executed, the device where the non-volatile storage medium is located is controlled to execute any of the above-mentioned methods for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna.

[0096] Optionally, in this embodiment, the non-volatile storage medium may be located in any computer terminal in a computer terminal group in a computer network, or in any mobile terminal in a mobile terminal group, and the non-volatile storage medium includes a stored program.

[0097] Optionally, when the program is running, the device where the non-volatile storage medium is located is controlled to perform the following functions: obtaining node positions corresponding to multiple sensors respectively; determining multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna, wherein the multiple candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the multiple initial coverage sectors; based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors respectively and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sectors of the directional antenna are optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmission signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goals, and the target coverage sectors of the directional antenna are obtained, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the maximum number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of multiple sensors.

[0098] According to an embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of a processor is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the processor is used to run a program, wherein when the program is run, any one of the above-mentioned methods for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna is executed.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of a computer program product is also provided. Optionally, in this embodiment, the computer program product includes a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements any of the steps of the above-mentioned method for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna.

[0100] Optionally, the above-mentioned computer program product, when executed on a data processing device, is suitable for executing an initialization program having the following method steps: obtaining node positions corresponding to multiple sensors respectively; determining multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna, wherein the multiple candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the multiple initial coverage sectors; based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors respectively and the multiple initial coverage sectors, optimizing the coverage sectors of the directional antenna with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmission signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goals, and obtaining the target coverage sectors of the directional antenna, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of multiple sensors.

[0101] An embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the following steps are implemented: obtaining node positions corresponding to multiple sensors respectively; determining multiple initial coverage sectors corresponding to multiple candidate transmission signals of a directional antenna, wherein the multiple candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the multiple initial coverage sectors; based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors respectively and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sectors of the directional antenna are optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmission signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goals, to obtain the target coverage sectors of the directional antenna, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of multiple sensors.

[0102] The above sequence of the embodiments of the present invention is for description only and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0103] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0104] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the above modules can be a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, modules or indirect coupling or communication connection of modules, which can be electrical or other forms.

[0105] The modules described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple modules. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0106] In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing module, or each module may exist physically separately, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules.

[0107] If the above-mentioned integrated module is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable non-volatile storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a non-volatile storage medium, including a number of instructions to enable a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned non-volatile storage medium includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.

[0108] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for determining a coverage sector of a directional antenna, characterized in that: include: Get the node positions corresponding to multiple sensors respectively; Determine a plurality of initial coverage sectors corresponding to a plurality of candidate transmission signals of the directional antenna, wherein the plurality of candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the plurality of initial coverage sectors; Based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal and the maximum sensor coverage rate as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the maximum number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of the multiple sensors.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of optimizing the coverage sector of the directional antenna based on the node positions respectively corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, with the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal being the lowest and the sensor coverage rate being the maximum as the optimization target, to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, includes: Determine activation states corresponding to the multiple initial coverage sectors respectively, wherein the activation states are used to indicate whether the candidate transmission signal is transmitted; Obtaining a sector activation rate based on a ratio of the number of coverage sectors in which the activation state is activated to the total number of the multiple initial coverage sectors among the multiple initial coverage sectors; Determining the energy consumption of transmitting signals by the directional antenna based on the sector activation rate; Based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal and the maximum sensor coverage as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of optimizing the coverage sector of the directional antenna based on the node positions respectively corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, with the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal being the lowest and the sensor coverage rate being the maximum as the optimization target, to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, includes: Determine activation states corresponding to the multiple initial coverage sectors respectively, wherein the activation states are used to indicate whether the candidate transmission signal is transmitted; Obtaining a sensor coverage rate based on a ratio of the number of sensors included in the coverage sector whose activation state is activated to the plurality of sensors; Based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal and the maximum sensor coverage as the optimization goal to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of optimizing the coverage sector of the directional antenna based on the node positions respectively corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, with the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal being the lowest and the sensor coverage rate being the maximum as the optimization target, to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, includes: Based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, the coverage sector of the directional antenna is optimized by using a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the target coverage sector, with the lowest energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal and the maximum sensor coverage as the optimization goal.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of optimizing the coverage sector of the directional antenna based on the node positions respectively corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, with the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal being the lowest and the sensor coverage rate being the maximum as the optimization target, to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, includes: Determine an initial particle group, wherein the initial particle group includes a plurality of initial particles, and the initial particles are used to indicate a set of the target coverage sector selection strategies that are initially set; Based on the fact that the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal is the lowest and the sensor coverage rate is the highest, the initial particle swarm is iteratively optimized using a discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal; The target coverage sector is determined based on a selection strategy of the target coverage sector indicated in the target particle.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The energy consumption of transmitting the signal based on the directional antenna is the lowest, and the sensor coverage rate is the largest. The discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the initial particle swarm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal, including: Determine a sector activation rate based on the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting the signal, wherein the sector activation rate is used to indicate the proportion of the number of coverage sectors whose activation state is activated to the total number of the multiple initial coverage sectors; Determining the fitness of the initial particle swarm based on the sensor coverage rate and the sector activation rate; Taking the highest fitness as the optimization goal, the discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the initial particle swarm to obtain target particles that meet the optimization goal.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The determining the fitness of the initial particle swarm based on the sensor coverage rate and the sector activation rate includes: The fitness of the initial particle swarm is constructed in the following way: F=ωR T +(1-ω)(1-R S ) Wherein, F is the fitness, ω is the preset weight value, R T is the sensor coverage, R S is the sector activation rate.

8. A device for determining coverage sectors of a directional antenna, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to obtain node positions corresponding to multiple sensors respectively; A determination module, configured to determine a plurality of initial coverage sectors corresponding to a plurality of candidate transmission signals of a directional antenna, wherein the plurality of candidate transmission signals correspond one-to-one to the plurality of initial coverage sectors; An optimization module is used to optimize the coverage sector of the directional antenna based on the node positions corresponding to the multiple sensors and the multiple initial coverage sectors, with the energy consumption of the directional antenna transmitting signal being minimized and the sensor coverage rate being maximized as the optimization goal, so as to obtain the target coverage sector of the directional antenna, wherein the sensor coverage rate is used to indicate the proportion of the maximum number of covered sensors in the initial coverage sector corresponding to the candidate transmission signal in the transmitting state to the total number of the multiple sensors.

9. A non-volatile storage medium, characterized in that: The non-volatile storage medium stores a plurality of instructions, and the instructions are suitable for being loaded by a processor and executed by the method for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method for determining the coverage sector of a directional antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7 are implemented.

Images