Method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of watermelon planting, and discloses a method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings. By controlling the watering quantity of the watermelon seeds, the single-time watering quantity, the watering period and the watering interval of the watermelon seeds can be controlled according to different growth periods of the watermelon seeds, so that the watermelon seeds can gradually adapt to a drought and water-deficient environment on the premise that the germination rate of the watermelon seeds is guaranteed, the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings is remarkably improved, and the yield of the watermelon seedlings is increased. The watermelon can normally grow in the drought environment, the yield and quality of watermelons are improved, especially the survival rate and annual yield of watermelons in northwest drought regions are guaranteed, and the periodic influence on watermelon planting in the drought season is reduced. The watermelon seed drought resisting method is easy to operate, compared with an existing watermelon seed drought resisting method, the watermelon seed drought resisting method has the advantages of being low in cost and suitable for large-scale planting, and the watermelon seed drought resisting method is environmentally friendly, free of pollution and high in operability and practicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of watermelon planting, and in particular to a method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Watermelon is a widely planted fruit. During its growth, water is one of the important factors affecting its growth and yield. Watermelon needs a lot of water throughout its growth period. Drought causes slow vine growth, thin vines, and narrow leaves. Long-term drought can also cause flowers and fruits to fall and reduce yield. In some arid areas or dry seasons, water shortage has become an important problem restricting watermelon planting. For example, Northwest my country is the preferred place for watermelon planting. The watermelons planted there are large and taste better. However, most of the precipitation in Northwest China is low. Therefore, in some dry weather, the watermelon yield in Northwest China will be greatly affected. In recent years, frequent droughts have seriously restricted the development of the watermelon industry.

[0003] At present, my country has made many explorations in improving the drought resistance of watermelon seeds. For example, Patent No.: CN201710230296.X discloses a method for grafting watermelons with high drought resistance. By using gourd seedlings as grafting bodies, watermelons can obtain the characteristics of gourds in later cultivation, making watermelon seedlings more drought-resistant and watermelon growth stronger. Patent No.: CN201410822232.5 discloses a method for planting corn on watermelon stubble to resist drought and protect seedlings. It covers the surface of the ridge with fine soil in time when the soil is suitable for cultivation after rain and the sky is clear to reduce water evaporation. The surface of the ridge is covered with fine soil 4-5 times within 20 days after sowing to achieve soil covering for drought resistance and seedling protection. It can be seen from the search of the prior art that the exploration direction of the prior art is concentrated on the cultivation and cultivation of watermelons, but no exploration is made on the pre-cultivation direction of seedlings. In addition, the existing methods for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings have limited effects and cannot meet the needs of actual production. Moreover, the operating cost is too high and it is not suitable for mass production. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the embodiment of the present application provides a method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings, which can effectively improve the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings and is low-cost and convenient for large-scale watermelon seedling planting activities.

[0005] According to one aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings is provided. The method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings includes the following steps; S1: configuring a cultivation matrix for planting watermelon seeds, specifically, mixing humus, peat, and perlite in a ratio of 10:1:1, and adding 1000ppm carbendazim solution in the middle of stirring to form a cultivation matrix; S2: planting watermelon seeds, specifically, selecting full watermelon seeds, pre-treating them, and then planting them in the cultivation matrix described in S1; S3: controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions, specifically: T1, controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to 50 ml per plant each time , the interval between two waterings is two days, and this continues for three cycles; T2, controlling the amount of glue for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to be 70-80 ml for each watering, with an interval of three days between two waterings, and this continues for three cycles: T3, controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to be 100 ml for each watering, with an interval of 5 days between two waterings, and this continues for two cycles; T4, controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to be 80 ml for each watering, with an interval of three days between two waterings, and this continues until the seedlings grow into a three-leaf one-heart state; S4, when the seedlings grow to the three-leaf one-heart state, spraying a growth regulator solution onto the outer surface of the seedlings.

[0006] In some embodiments, the growth regulator solution is a melatonin solution.

[0007] In some embodiments, the concentration of the melatonin solution is 1%.

[0008] In some embodiments, the pretreatment described in S2 includes dry heat disinfection treatment and seed surface mucus treatment.

[0009] In some embodiments, the dry heat disinfection treatment includes sending the watermelon seeds into a seed dry heat disinfection device for disinfection to eliminate viruses and other pathogens carried by the seeds.

[0010] In some embodiments, the surface mucus treatment comprises placing the watermelon seeds treated by the seed dry heat sterilization device in a baking soda solution, soaking the watermelon seeds, and scrubbing the watermelon seeds until the surface mucus of the watermelon seeds is removed.

[0011] In some embodiments, the surface is treated with slime twice in total, wherein the concentration of the baking soda solution during the first surface slime treatment is 1%, and the concentration of the baking soda solution during the second surface slime treatment is 0.2%.

[0012] In some embodiments, during the surface slime treatment process, the watermelon seeds are first soaked in a baking soda solution for 2 minutes, and then the watermelon seeds are scrubbed.

[0013] In some embodiments, the specific watering method in S3 of controlling the watering amount of the seedlings in the cultivation matrix so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions is drip irrigation.

[0014] In some embodiments, during the process of controlling the watering amount of the seedlings in the cultivation matrix in S3 so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions, the external environment temperature is 20-35 degrees Celsius and the air humidity is 45%-50%.

[0015] The beneficial effects in this application are:

[0016] 1. By setting up the culture matrix, the water retention capacity of the culture matrix is ​​improved, and the water loss of the culture matrix is ​​less, thus laying the foundation for the subsequent precise control of the watering amount of watermelon seeds and seedlings.

[0017] 2. By spraying melatonin solution, the transcription level of water channel protein-related genes can be indirectly regulated, root development can be promoted, and the water conductivity and growth ability of watermelon seedlings can be improved. By synchronously controlling the amount of watering for watermelon seeds, the water utilization rate of watermelon seeds can be further improved, and the drought resistance of watermelon seeds can be enhanced.

[0018] 3. According to the different growth periods of watermelon seeds, control the single watering amount of watermelon seeds, as well as the watering cycle and watering interval, so that the watermelon seeds can gradually adapt to the drought and water-scarce environment while ensuring the germination rate, significantly improve the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings, and increase the yield and quality of watermelon, especially to ensure the survival rate and annual yield of watermelon in the arid northwest region, and reduce the cyclical impact of the drought season on watermelon planting.

[0019] 4. The operation is simple, and compared with the existing watermelon seed drought resistance method, it has the characteristics of low cost, suitable for large-scale planting, environmentally friendly, no pollution, operability and strong practicality.

[0020] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Also, the same reference symbols are used throughout the accompanying drawings to represent the same components. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1A flow chart of a method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following will describe in detail the embodiments of the technical solution of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application and are therefore only used as examples and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present application; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned description of the drawings and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0024] Specifically, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings provided in the embodiment of the present application. The method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings comprises the following steps; S1: configuring a culture matrix for planting watermelon seeds, specifically, mixing humus, peat, and perlite in a ratio of 10:1:1, and adding 1000ppm carbendazim solution in the middle of stirring to form a culture matrix; S2: planting watermelon seeds, specifically, selecting full watermelon seeds, pre-treating them, and then planting them in the culture matrix described in S1; S3: controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the culture matrix so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions, specifically: T1, controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the culture matrix to 50 ml per plant each time. , the interval between two waterings is two days, and this continues for three cycles; T2, controlling the amount of glue for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to be 70-80 ml for each watering, with an interval of three days between two waterings, and this continues for three cycles: T3, controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to be 100 ml for each watering, with an interval of 5 days between two waterings, and this continues for two cycles; T4, controlling the amount of water for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to be 80 ml for each watering, with an interval of three days between two waterings, and this continues until the seedlings grow into a three-leaf one-heart state; S4, when the seedlings grow to the three-leaf one-heart state, spraying a growth regulator solution onto the outer surface of the seedlings.

[0025] The culture matrix is ​​formed by mixing humus, peat and perlite in a ratio of 10:1:1. It has the characteristics of high water retention and less water loss, thus facilitating the subsequent control of the amount of watering for watermelon seeds and seedlings. In addition, since carbendazim solution is added to the culture matrix, the carbendazim solution can effectively prevent and treat a variety of crop diseases caused by fungi and improve the resistance of watermelon seedlings to fungal diseases.

[0026] It should be noted that the pretreatment described in S2 includes dry heat disinfection treatment and seed surface mucus treatment. The dry heat disinfection treatment includes sending the watermelon seeds into a seed dry heat disinfection device for disinfection treatment to eliminate viruses and other pathogens carried by the seeds. The dry heat disinfection device here can be purchased on the market, and since it is a prior art and has been fully disclosed, it will not be described in detail here. The surface mucus treatment includes placing the watermelon seeds treated by the seed dry heat disinfection device in a baking soda solution, soaking and scrubbing the watermelon seeds until the surface mucus of the watermelon seeds is removed. Here, the baking soda solution can remove the surface mucus of the seeds, thereby improving the permeability and water absorption performance of the seeds and the germination rate. More specifically, in the process of surface mucus treatment, the watermelon seeds are first soaked in a baking soda solution for 2 minutes, and then the watermelon seeds are scrubbed. After the watermelon seeds are soaked in the baking soda solution for 2 minutes, the surface mucus is in an easy-to-fall-off state. At this time, the mucus on the surface of the watermelon seeds can be quickly fallen off by rubbing or stirring. The surface mucus treatment process can be two times, wherein the concentration of the baking soda solution configured in the first surface mucus treatment process is 1%, and the concentration of the baking soda solution configured in the second surface mucus treatment process is 0.2%. The treatment effect is better in the two surface mucus treatment processes.

[0027] It is worth mentioning that the growth regulator solution used in S4 is a melatonin solution, and the concentration of the melatonin solution is 1%. Melatonin can increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes in watermelon seedlings, inhibit reactive oxygen metabolism and electrolyte leakage, thereby reducing oxidative damage, and help watermelon seedlings better cope with drought stress by regulating the release of reactive oxygen in cells, improve the ultrastructure of watermelon seedling leaves, reduce chlorophyll loss and oxidative damage, regulate the transcription level of water channel protein-related genes, promote root development, and improve the water conductivity and growth ability of watermelon seedlings. By effectively controlling the amount of watering for watermelon seeds, the water utilization rate of watermelon seeds can be further improved, and the drought resistance of watermelon seeds can be improved.

[0028] In S3, drip irrigation technology can be used when watering watermelon seeds. The drip irrigation speed can be controlled to control the watering amount and watering frequency. The drip irrigation technology is low-cost and convenient for flexible control of watering amount. The drip irrigation equipment with controllable water output at the end can accurately control the watering amount of each watermelon seed. During the irrigation process, the water outlet of the drip irrigation belt can accurately correspond to each watermelon seedling. On the other hand, the drip irrigation belt can be used for a long time. After all the watermelon seeds have sprouted, the drip irrigation belt system does not need to be dismantled and can continue to be used, which is in line with water-saving irrigation. It should be noted that in the process of drip irrigation, especially during the seed emergence period, the above-mentioned irrigation frequency and watering amount should be strictly followed.

[0029] In the process of planting watermelon seedlings, the control requirements for the amount of irrigation water are extremely strict. If the amount of water is too little, the watermelon seedlings will be hesitant to lack water and die of drought and cannot emerge, or some watermelon seedlings will die of drought. However, if the amount of water is too much, on the one hand, water resources will be wasted, and on the other hand, the watermelon seedlings will no longer be able to adapt to the drought environment after emergence, and they still need to maintain a high irrigation frequency and amount of water. In the T1 stage of this application, it is a critical stage for the watermelon seedlings to absorb water and begin to gradually develop. In this stage, this application controls the amount of water for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix to be 50 ml per plant each time, and the interval between two waterings is two days, which is not much different from the existing watering control. Its purpose is to ensure the survival rate of the seedlings during initial development. In the T2 stage, the watermelon seedlings have completed initial development, and due to development, their water consumption will be further enhanced. At this time, the water consumption of the watermelon seedlings is enhanced. Therefore, in the embodiment of this application, the amount of glue for the seedlings in the cultivation matrix is ​​controlled to be 70-80 ml per plant each time, and the interval between two waterings is three days, which lasts for three cycles. During the T3 stage, the water consumption of the seedlings will be further increased. At this time, in the embodiment of the present application, the watering amount is controlled to be increased to 100 and the interval between two waterings is extended to 5 days, so as to maintain the survival rate and normal development of the watermelon seeds on the one hand, and enable the watermelon seeds to gradually adapt to the arid environment during the water outage period between two waterings on the other hand. After a total of 25 days in the three stages of T1-T3, the watermelon seeds are gradually able to adapt to the arid environment. At this time, the watering amount can be appropriately reduced. Then, in the T4 stage of the present application, the watering amount of the seedlings in the cultivation matrix is ​​controlled to be 80 ml per plant each time, and the interval between two waterings is three days. After the completion of the T4 stage, the watermelon seedlings have been fully able to adapt to the arid environment and have grown to a three-leaf and one-heart state to complete the teething. At this time, normal planting and care can be carried out. The above temperature control can be carried out with reference to the following table:

[0030]

[0031] Through the above-mentioned control of the watering amount of watermelon seeds, the single watering amount of watermelon seeds, the watering cycle and the watering interval can be controlled according to the different growth periods of watermelon seeds, so that the watermelon seeds can gradually adapt to the drought and water shortage environment under the premise of ensuring the germination rate, significantly improve the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings, enable them to grow normally in a drought environment, improve the yield and quality of watermelon, especially ensure the survival rate and annual yield of watermelon in the arid areas of northwest China, and reduce the periodic impact of drought season on watermelon planting. The watermelon seed drought resistance method presented in this application is simple to operate, and has the characteristics of low cost and suitability for large-scale planting compared to the existing watermelon seed drought resistance method, and is environmentally friendly, does not cause pollution, and is highly operable and practical.

[0032] In some embodiments, during the process of controlling the watering amount of the seedlings in the cultivation matrix in S3 so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions, the external environment temperature is 20-35 degrees Celsius and the air humidity is 45%-50%.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving the drought resistance of watermelon seedlings, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: preparing a culture medium for planting watermelon seeds, specifically, mixing humus, peat, and perlite in a ratio of 10:1:1, and adding a 1000 ppm carbendazim solution during the stirring to form a culture medium; S2: watermelon seed planting, specifically, selecting plump watermelon seeds, pre-treating them, and then planting them in the cultivation medium described in S1; S3: Control the amount of watering for the seedlings in the cultivation substrate so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions, specifically: T1, the watering amount of the seedlings in the culture medium was controlled to be 50 ml per plant each time, with an interval of two days between two waterings, for three cycles; T2, control the amount of glue in the culture medium to 70-80 ml per plant for each watering, with a three-day interval between two waterings, for three cycles: T3, the watering amount of the seedlings in the culture medium was controlled to be 100 ml per plant each time, with an interval of 5 days between two waterings, for two cycles; T4, the watering amount of the seedlings in the culture medium was controlled to be 80 ml per plant each time, and the interval between two waterings was three days, which continued until the seedlings grew into a state of three leaves and one heart; S4, when the seedlings grow to the three-leaf and one-heart state, spraying a growth regulator solution onto the outer surface of the seedlings.

2. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The growth regulator solution is a melatonin solution.

3. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the melatonin solution is 1%.

4. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pretreatment described in S2 includes dry heat disinfection treatment and seed surface mucilage treatment.

5. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dry heat disinfection treatment includes sending the watermelon seeds into a seed dry heat disinfection device for disinfection treatment to eliminate viruses and other pathogens carried by the seeds.

6. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 5, characterized in that: The surface mucus treatment comprises placing the watermelon seeds treated by the seed dry heat disinfection device in a baking soda solution, soaking the watermelon seeds, and scrubbing the watermelon seeds until the surface mucus of the watermelon seeds is removed.

7. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that: The surface slime treatment was performed twice in total, wherein the concentration of the baking soda solution during the first surface slime treatment was 1%, and the concentration of the baking soda solution during the second surface slime treatment was 0.2%.

8. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the surface mucus treatment process, the watermelon seeds were first soaked in a baking soda solution for 2 minutes, and then the watermelon seeds were scrubbed.

9. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific watering method of controlling the watering amount of the seedlings in the cultivation medium in S3 so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions is drip irrigation.

10. The method for improving drought resistance of watermelon seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the process of controlling the watering amount of the seedlings in the cultivation matrix in S3 so that the seedlings gradually adapt to the dry soil conditions, the external environment temperature is 20-35 degrees Celsius and the air humidity is 45%-50%.

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