Preparation and application of matrix for promoting development of rhizoma atractylodis seedling root system

Abstract

The invention discloses preparation and application of a substrate for promoting development of a rhizoma atractylodis seedling root system. The substrate is prepared from the following components: straw biogas residues, peat, vermiculite and perlite. According to the application of the substrate in rhizoma atractylodis seedling culture, a rhizoma atractylodis seedling culture method comprises the steps that after rhizoma atractylodis seeds are subjected to germination acceleration, the rhizoma atractylodis seeds are sown in the seedling culture substrate to be cultured, and the germination acceleration method comprises the following steps that A1, the rhizoma atractylodis seeds are disinfected with 75% alcohol for 1 min; a2, after rinsing with distilled water, soaking and disinfecting for 10min with 1% sodium hypochlorite, rinsing, and rinsing for 3-4 times with distilled water. The straw biogas residues and the peat are used as main raw materials of the matrix, the vermiculite and the perlite are used as auxiliary materials, the growth of rhizoma atractylodis seedling roots can be promoted, the fresh weight and the root activity of underground parts of the seedlings are remarkably improved, high-quality strong seedlings are provided for industrialized seedling production of rhizoma atractylodis, meanwhile, the straw biogas residues are wide in source and partially replace the peat for use, environmental pollution is reduced, and the method is suitable for industrial production of rhizoma atractylodis. The economic benefit is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine seedling propagation, and in particular to the preparation and application of a substrate for promoting the root development of atractylodes lancea seedlings. Background Art

[0002] Atractylodes is one of the "Top Ten Chu Medicines" in Hubei Province. The current market supply-demand gap exceeds 6,500 tons / year. The traditional Atractylodes seedling cultivation method has problems such as poor root development and low transplant survival rate, which greatly restricts the development of the Atractylodes industry. Therefore, improving the quality of Atractylodes seedlings is of great significance to the factory-based Atractylodes seedling cultivation.

[0003] In the technical field of promoting plant root development, many studies have focused on optimizing substrate formulations, adding growth regulators, adding PGPR, etc. For example, through scientific proportioning and improved substrates, the physical and chemical properties of the soil can be effectively improved and the growth of plant roots can be promoted; growth regulators such as indolebutyric acid and naphthylacetic acid are also widely used to promote plant root development; PGPR activates nutrients, secretes beneficial hormones to induce root growth or induces plants to produce systemic tolerance to abiotic stress, etc.

[0004] However, there is currently a lack of an efficient and environmentally friendly matrix seedling cultivation method to meet the specific needs of the root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings. Therefore, developing a matrix seedling cultivation method that can both meet the growth needs of Atractylodes lancea seedlings and promote root development is of great significance for improving the transplant survival rate of Atractylodes lancea seedlings and the yield of medicinal materials.

[0005] Therefore, the present application proposes a preparation and application of a substrate for promoting the root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above technical problems and to propose a preparation and application of a substrate for promoting the root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A substrate preparation for promoting the root development of atractylodes lancea seedlings is prepared from the following components: straw biogas residue, peat, vermiculite and perlite.

[0009] Preferably, the volume ratio of the straw biogas residue, peat, vermiculite and perlite is 10-20:50-60:20:20.

[0010] The invention also discloses an application of a substrate for promoting root development of atractylodes lancea seedlings, and the application of the substrate in atractylodes lancea seedling cultivation. The atractylodes lancea seedling cultivation method comprises: germinating atractylodes lancea seeds and then sowing them in the seedling cultivation substrate for cultivation.

[0011] Preferably, the method for accelerating germination comprises the following steps:

[0012] A1, sterilize the Atractylodes lancea seeds with 75% alcohol for 1 min;

[0013] A2, rinse with distilled water, then soak in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and rinse, then rinse with distilled water 3-4 times;

[0014] A3, soak the seeds in water for 6 hours, and then germinate them on gauze at 22-25℃ until more than 80% of the seeds turn white.

[0015] Preferably, water is poured once every 2-3 days during the cultivation process.

[0016] Preferably, the variety of Atractylodes lancea is Atractylodes macrocephala.

[0017] The present invention uses the northern atractylodes lancea variety as the test material, selects straw biogas residue, peat, vermiculite and perlite to compound into a seedling matrix, and studies the physical and chemical properties of the matrix under different ratios and the growth index of the atractylodes lancea seedling stage. The results show that the plant height and stem thickness of the atractylodes lancea seedlings treated with S10 (straw biogas residue: peat: vermiculite: perlite = 10:50:20:20) are the best at 60 days after sowing; the fresh and dry weight of the atractylodes lancea seedlings treated with S10 are significantly better than those of other matrices; the total root length, total surface area, and total root volume of the root system are the highest in S10 treatment, which are 115.46cm, 31.19cm2, and 1.83cm3, respectively, which are 65.44%, 43.41%, and 18.65% higher than those of CK, and the root growth is significantly improved; the S10 treatment can improve the root vitality of the atractylodes lancea, and the comprehensive analysis of the S10 treatment ranks first. In summary, straw biogas residue can partially replace peat to prepare seedling medium, and straw biogas residue: peat: vermiculite: perlite = 10:50:20:20 is the best formula. The present invention reduces the use of peat and significantly improves the root growth of Atractylodes lancea, laying a solid foundation for subsequent transplanting and growth.

[0018] The present invention uses straw biogas residue and peat as main raw materials of the matrix, and vermiculite and perlite as auxiliary materials. The present invention can promote the root growth of Atractylodes lancea seedlings, significantly increase the fresh weight of the underground part of the seedlings and the root vitality, and provide high-quality and strong seedlings for factory-based seedling cultivation of Atractylodes lancea. At the same time, straw biogas residue has a wide source and can partially replace peat, thereby reducing environmental pollution and improving economic benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention discloses a diagram of the root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings obtained by applying a matrix for promoting the root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings proposed by the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 The effect of different treatments on the emergence rate of Atractylodes lancea.

[0021] Figure 3Effects of different treatments on the fresh and dry weights of the aboveground and underground parts of Atractylodes lancea seedlings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0023] Reference Figure 1 A substrate preparation for promoting the root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings is prepared from the following components: straw residue, peat, vermiculite and perlite.

[0024] In the present invention, the volume ratio of the straw biogas residue, peat, vermiculite and perlite is 10-20:50-60:20:20.

[0025] The invention also discloses an application of a substrate for promoting root development of atractylodes lancea seedlings, and the application of the substrate in atractylodes lancea seedling cultivation. The atractylodes lancea seedling cultivation method comprises: germinating atractylodes lancea seeds and then sowing them in the seedling cultivation substrate for cultivation.

[0026] In the present invention, the method for accelerating germination comprises the following steps:

[0027] A1, sterilize the Atractylodes lancea seeds with 75% alcohol for 1 min;

[0028] A2, rinse with distilled water, then soak in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and rinse, then rinse with distilled water 3-4 times;

[0029] A3, soak the seeds in water for 6 hours, and then germinate them on gauze at 22-25℃ until more than 80% of the seeds turn white.

[0030] In the present invention, water is poured once every 2-3 days during the cultivation process.

[0031] In the present invention, the variety of Atractylodes lancea is Atractylodes macrocephala.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] 1 Materials and methods

[0034] 1.1 Test materials

[0035] The test substrates were peat, straw residue, vermiculite, and perlite. Peat was purchased from Pinshi Substrate Flagship Store with a size of 0-10 mm; straw residue and commercial substrate were purchased from Hubei Lvxin Ecological Technology Co., Ltd.; vermiculite was purchased from Yilan Horticulture Vermiculite with a size of 2-4 mm; and perlite was purchased from Devodo Horticulture Flagship Store with a size of 2-5 mm. The test material Atractylodes lancea seeds came from the team of Professor Mei Zhinan of the College of Plant Science and Technology of Huazhong Agricultural University.

[0036] 1.2 Experimental design

[0037] Four substrates, peat soil, straw biogas residue, vermiculite and perlite, were used in different volume ratios to form a composite substrate. The specific seedling formula is shown in Table 1. A 50-hole plug tray was used for seedling cultivation. The seeds of Atractylodes lancea were disinfected with 75% alcohol for 1 minute, rinsed with distilled water, and then soaked in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and rinsed. They were rinsed with distilled water for 3 to 4 times and then soaked in water for 6 hours. The gauze germination treatment was carried out at 22 to 25°C until more than 80% of the seeds of Atractylodes lancea were exposed to white. After germination, one seed of Atractylodes lancea exposed to white was placed in each hole. Before germination, water was added according to the situation every day to keep the substrate moist. During the seedling cultivation period, the daytime temperature was set at 22°C and the nighttime temperature was set at 18°C. After the cotyledons were arched, the photoperiod was L:D=16:8. Water was applied once 2-3 days after germination. The seedling growth index and root characteristics were measured at 60 days of cultivation.

[0038] Table 1 Seedling culture medium formula test design

[0039]

[0040] 1.3 Measurement items

[0041] 1.3.1 Determination of physical and chemical properties of matrix

[0042] The matrix bulk density, aeration pores, water-holding pores, total porosity, electrical conductivity, pH, and index determination were carried out in accordance with the agricultural industry standard of the People's Republic of China NY / T2118-2012.

[0043] 1.3.2 Growth index determination

[0044] (1) Seedling emergence rate (%): The emergence rate was recorded once when more than half of the seedlings emerged after sowing, and then recorded every 2 days until the emergence rate stabilized.

[0045] Germination rate (%) = (number of germinated seeds / total number of seeds sown) × 100%.

[0046] (2) Determination of plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, and SPAD value: On the 60th day after sowing, 10 seedlings with consistent growth were randomly selected from each treatment and marked. The plant height (length from the stem base to the growth point), stem diameter, leaf length, and maximum leaf width of the Atractylodes lancea seedlings were measured with a ruler, and the SPAD value was measured using a SPAD meter.

[0047] (3) Seedling fresh and dry weight: On the 60th day after sowing, 10 plants were sampled from each treatment replicate for measurement. The fresh weight was measured using a 10,000-micrometer electronic balance. The fresh sample of Atractylodes lancea seedlings was placed in an oven at 105°C for 30 min to kill green, then dried at 55°C until the weight was stable, and the dry weight was measured using a 10,000-micrometer electronic balance.

[0048] (4) Seedling root system measurement

[0049] On the 60th day after sowing, three Atractylodes lancea seedlings with consistent growth were selected from each replicate, and the roots were washed with distilled water. The total number of roots, total root length, average diameter, total surface area, and total root volume were obtained by scanning using a plant image analyzer STD4800.

[0050] (5) Root activity measurement

[0051] Determined by TTC method.

[0052] 1.3.3 Comprehensive evaluation

[0053] The membership function method in fuzzy mathematics was used to comprehensively evaluate different indicators of Atractylodes lancea plants with different treatments.

[0054] (1) For cucumber plants grown under different substrate conditions, the following formula is used to calculate the value of the index:

[0055] X(f)=(XX min ) / (X max -X min )

[0056] (X is the measured value of a certain indicator of a certain treatment, Xmax is the maximum value of the measured value of the indicator, and Xmin is the minimum value of the measured value of the indicator)

[0057] (2) When a certain indicator is negatively correlated with the quality of the plant, the inverse membership function is used to calculate its membership function value:

[0058]

[0059] (3) The membership function values ​​of different treatment indicators are accumulated and the average value is taken as the comprehensive evaluation coefficient.

[0060] 1.4 Data Processing

[0061] Data statistics and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were performed using Excel 2019 and SPSS 26, Duncan (t < 0.05) was used for significance tests between treatments, and Organic Pro 2021 was used for drawing. The Winrhizo software system was used to analyze and save the saved root system images.

[0062] 2 Results and analysis

[0063] 2.1 Analysis of physicochemical properties of matrices with different ratios

[0064] The pH and EC of the substrate affect the activity of plant roots and the release of nutrients. If the EC value is too low, the crop will be insufficient in mineral nutrition, while if the EC value is too high, it will damage the plant roots. Figure 1 As shown. The pH values ​​of each treatment were generally acidic, and the EC values ​​ranged from 0.22 to 2.87 mS / cm. They increased significantly with the addition of biogas residue, among which the S60 treatment had the largest value, reaching 2.87 mS / cm, indicating a high salt stress. The ideal seedling medium has the characteristics of high water holding capacity, high total porosity and low bulk density, which are conducive to root infiltration and nutrient availability. As shown in Table 2, with the addition of straw biogas residue, the total porosity, aeration porosity and water holding porosity of the medium all showed a downward trend. The bulk density of the matrix is ​​related to the particle size and the total porosity. It is generally believed that the appropriate range of the bulk density of the matrix is ​​0.1-0.8 g / cm3. The bulk density of all the treatments in this experiment is distributed in the range of 0.133-0.354 g / cm3, which is within the range and significantly increased compared with CK. The total porosity of each treatment is between 56.93% and 69.33%, among which S0 has the largest total porosity and S60 has the smallest total porosity. The ventilation porosity of each treatment is between 11.33% and 19.4%, S0 has the highest ventilation porosity and S60 has the lowest, which is only 11.33%. The water-holding porosity of each treatment is between 45.60% and 53.02%, S10 has the largest water-holding porosity and S60 has the smallest water-holding porosity. The water-gas ratio of each treatment is between 2.50 and 4.02, S0 has the smallest and S60 has the largest. After mixing various substrates, the nutrient content of the substrate is increased, which can provide good cultivation conditions for the development and growth of the root system of Atractylodes lancea.

[0065] Table 2 Comparison of physical properties of different treatments

[0066]

[0067] 2.2 Effects of different substrate ratios on the emergence rate of Atractylodes lancea seedlings

[0068] The test substrates were mixed into a composite substrate and their effects on the germination of Atractylodes lancea seeds were determined. Figure 2 The results showed that the germination rates of Atractylodes lancea seeds in each treatment ranged from 28.67% to 73.33%. The germination rate of seeds in the CK treatment was the highest, at 73.33%, followed by S10, which was slightly lower than CK at 72%, but the difference was not significant. This showed that partial replacement of peat with biogas residue did not affect the emergence of Atractylodes lancea seeds.

[0069] 2.3 Effects of different substrate ratios on the growth of Atractylodes lancea seedlings

[0070] As shown in Table 3, the growth indicators of Atractylodes lancea treated with different substrates showed that the plant height of S10 treatment was the highest, reaching 3.28 cm, which was higher than that of CK treatment, with significant difference, and the plant height of Atractylodes lancea seedlings could be increased. The stem diameter of each treatment of S0-S40 was above 0.10 cm, and the stem diameter of S10 treatment was higher than that of CK. It can be seen that S10 treatment can increase the stem diameter of Atractylodes lancea seedlings, but the effect is not significant. S10 has the longest leaf length, which is 1.80 cm, and S0 treatment has the largest leaf width, reaching 1.43 cm. The SPAD value of Atractylodes lancea seedlings treated with S10 was higher than that of CK, reaching 45.53, and the difference was not significant.

[0071] Table 3 Effects of different treatments on growth indicators of Atractylodes lancea seedlings

[0072]

[0073] 2.4 Effects of different substrate ratios on the biomass of Atractylodes lancea seedlings

[0074] Depend on Figure 3 It can be seen that under the treatment conditions of different substrate ratios, the fresh and dry weights of the treatments were significantly different. The fresh weight of Atractylodes lancea seedlings ranged from 0.0636 to 0.3030 g, among which the S10 treatment had the largest fresh weight, which was significantly higher than the CK treatment, at 0.3030 g, with an increase of 70.62%. The dry weight of Atractylodes lancea seedlings ranged from 0.0158 to 0.0842 g, and the S10 treatment had the largest dry weight, at 0.0842 g, an increase of 42.74% compared with CK. Compared with CK, S10 and S20 treatments can improve the fresh and dry weight of Atractylodes lancea seedlings, among which S10 had the most obvious effect. In general, with the continuous increase of the content of biogas residue in the treatment, the fresh dry weight of the underground part of the single plant showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and there was no obvious trend in the fresh dry weight of the aboveground part of the single plant.

[0075] 2.5 Effects of different substrate ratios on root morphology of Atractylodes lancea

[0076] Different substrates have a significant effect on the root growth of Atractylodes lancea. As shown in Table 4, the total root length, total surface area, and total root volume of S10 treatment are the highest, which are 115.46cm, 31.19cm2, and 1.83cm3, respectively, which are 12.02%, 21.16%, and 16.14% higher than CK, with significant differences. CK has the largest total number of roots, reaching 318, followed by S20 treatment, which is 267. Adding 10% biogas residue substrate treatment provides a good growth environment for the roots of Atractylodes lancea. Promote the growth of Atractylodes lancea roots.

[0077] Table 4 Effects of different treatments on root morphological characteristics of Atractylodes lancea

[0078]

[0079] 2.6 Effects of different substrate ratios on root activity of Atractylodes lancea seedlings

[0080] Effects of different substrate ratios on root activity of Atractylodes lancea seedlings Figure 1 As shown, there was no significant difference in root activity between CK treatment and S10 and S20 treatments. The root activity of S10 treatment was the highest, reaching 0.059 mg / (g·h), followed by S20 treatment, which reached 0.054 mg / (g·h). S10 treatment can promote the growth and development of the root system, which is beneficial to the absorption of nutrients and water by Atractylodes lancea and the formation of strong seedlings of Atractylodes lancea seedlings.

[0081] 2.7 Comprehensive evaluation coefficient of Atractylodes lancea seedlings with different substrate ratios

[0082] Different substrate ratios have different effects on various indicators of Atractylodes lancea seedlings, and it is difficult to find a treatment that performs well in all indicators and is significantly different from CK. Therefore, the membership function method in fuzzy mathematics was used to comprehensively evaluate the growth of Atractylodes lancea seedlings in different substrates and to more accurately evaluate the effects of different treatments on the growth of Atractylodes lancea seedlings by quantifying the comprehensive evaluation coefficient (Table 5). The growth of Atractylodes lancea seedlings in each treatment was comprehensively evaluated based on indicators such as plant height, stem diameter, SPAD value, root characteristics, and biomass. The ranking from large to small is: S10>CK>S20>S30>S40>S50>S60. The seedlings cultivated with the S10 treatment ratio substrate had the highest comprehensive evaluation, that is, the seedling cultivation effect was best when 10% straw biogas residue, 50% peat, 20% vermiculite, and 20% perlite were used for Atractylodes lancea seedlings.

[0083] Table 5 Comprehensive evaluation of growth indicators of Atractylodes lancea seedlings with different substrate ratios

[0084]

[0085] In summary, both the S10 and S20 treatments of the present invention can cultivate Atractylodes lancea seedlings with excellent traits, but based on a comprehensive comparison of indicators such as plant height, stem diameter, SPAD value, and root characteristics, the S10 treatment (straw biogas residue: peat: vermiculite: perlite = 10:50:20:20) has the highest comprehensive evaluation index, is the best ratio, and has the best seedling raising effect.

[0086] The embodiments of the present invention prove that straw biogas residue can be used as a raw material for seedling substrate, providing a theoretical basis for the utilization of agricultural waste biogas residue, and can significantly improve the root growth of Atractylodes lancea, increase root vitality, and facilitate the formation of strong seedlings of Atractylodes lancea. In production applications, straw biogas residue should be added according to actual conditions, and materials such as peat, vermiculite and perlite should be added to adjust the physical and chemical properties of the substrate to better meet the needs of crop growth.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substrate preparation for promoting root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings, characterized in that: Made from the following ingredients: straw residue, peat, vermiculite and perlite.

2. The preparation of a substrate for promoting root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume ratio of the straw biogas residue, peat, vermiculite and perlite is 10-20:50-60:20:

20.

3. An application of a substrate for promoting root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings, characterized in that: The matrix is ​​used in the cultivation of Atractylodes lancea seedlings, and the method for cultivating Atractylodes lancea seedlings is as follows: after germinating Atractylodes lancea seeds, they are sown in the cultivation matrix according to any one of claims 1-2 for cultivation.

4. The use of a substrate for promoting root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method for accelerating germination comprises the following steps: A1, sterilize the Atractylodes lancea seeds with 75% alcohol for 1 min; A2, rinse with distilled water, then soak in 1% sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and rinse, then rinse with distilled water 3-4 times; A3, soak the seeds in water for 6 hours, and then germinate them on gauze at 22-25℃ until more than 80% of the seeds turn white.

5. The use of a substrate for promoting root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: Water was poured once every 2-3 days during the cultivation process.

6. The use of a substrate for promoting root development of Atractylodes lancea seedlings according to claim 3, characterized in that: The variety of Atractylodes lancea is Atractylodes macrocephala.

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