Residual vegetable resource utilization method based on microalgae conversion
By removing miscellaneous and pressing the tail dishes, and using microalgae conversion technology to prepare organic fertilizer and aquatic feed, the problem of utilizing the tail dishes resource is solved, and efficient resource conversion and added value are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311438080.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-11-01
- Publication Date
- 2024-12-13
AI Technical Summary
The prior art is difficult to effectively utilize agricultural waste tail vegetables, resulting in waste of resources and environmental pollution, and its high moisture content and pesticide residues limit their application as fertilizer, biogas material or livestock and poultry feed.
By collecting the tail dishes for decomposition and pressing, the filtrate is isolated and the pH is adjusted, the microalgae is inoculated into the filtrate for transformation, and algae water and algae cells are obtained, which are used to prepare organic fertilizer and aquatic feed.
It reduces the moisture content of the tail dish, increases its added value, broadens the idea of resource utilization, provides high-value-added products for aquatic feed, simplifies the process, reduces costs, and is easy to promote in industrialization.
Smart Images
Figure CN119111705A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and comprehensive resource utilization, and relates to a method for resource utilization of agricultural waste, specifically a method for resource utilization of tail vegetables based on microalgae transformation. Background Art
[0002] The vegetable planting, harvesting, processing, transportation and sales will produce a large amount of vegetable residues and leftovers that cannot become commodities, namely tail vegetables; for example: in the vegetable planting and harvesting stages, the tail vegetables produced account for 16.5-63.5% of the vegetable output, with an average of 33.6%. If the tail vegetables are not cleaned up in time, they will cause serious harm to the surrounding environment and vegetable production. At present, the tail vegetables are mainly handled by deep burial or remote dumping, but deep burial or remote dumping will occupy a lot of land resources, require a lot of labor, cause waste of resources, pollute groundwater, breed mosquitoes and flies, and become a source of infection for bacterial or fungal diseases, seriously affecting the normal production and life of surrounding residents. Therefore, the problem of tail vegetables has become a major industrial problem facing the vegetable industry.
[0003] The reports on the resource utilization of tail vegetables at home and abroad are mainly concentrated on the production of fertilizers, production of biogas, preparation of silage or direct feeding of livestock and poultry and extraction of natural products. However, research has found that it is feasible to feed livestock and poultry with a small amount of tail vegetables, but it is not feasible to feed a large amount of tail vegetables, which is mainly due to the large water content of tail vegetables (75.0-94.8%), plus there are certain pesticide residues, and livestock such as pigs, cattle, and sheep have diarrhea after excessive consumption; it is also not feasible as a biogas material, because of its large water content and little gas production; it is also impossible to return the tail vegetables to the field directly as fertilizer after rotting, not to mention that the return of tail vegetables to the field requires a slow process, the large number of pathogens contained in the rotten leaves alone, the problem of easy breeding of diseases in the field, directly affects the yield and quality of vegetables in the next crop and the next year. Therefore, due to the high water content and strong seasonality of tail vegetables, the above-mentioned utilization method has many limited factors, and has not yet been promoted and applied on a large scale at home and abroad. Summary of the invention
[0004] Technical problem to be solved: In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and obtain an effective, high value-added method for realizing resource utilization of agricultural waste; in view of this, the present invention provides a method for resource utilization of tail vegetables based on microalgae transformation.
[0005] Technical solution: A method for utilizing algae resources based on microalgae transformation, the method comprising the following steps:
[0006] S1, collect the leftover vegetables and remove impurities;
[0007] S2, squeezing the removed tail vegetables and separating them to obtain filter residue and filtrate;
[0008] S3, adjusting the pH value of the S2 filtrate to 6.5-7.5;
[0009] S4, inoculate the microalgae into the filtrate after S3 treatment, with an inoculation density of 10 4 -10 5 cells / mL, the culture temperature is 25°C, the light intensity is 3000 lux, and the culture is carried out for 3-5 days to transform the microalgae. After the transformation, the algae water is separated to obtain algae cells and separation liquid, wherein the separation liquid is used to prepare organic fertilizer;
[0010] S5. The algae cells obtained in S4 and the filter residue obtained in S2 are mixed to prepare aquatic feed.
[0011] Preferably, the waste vegetables in S1 are vegetable residues or leftovers collected during vegetable planting, harvesting, processing, transportation and sales.
[0012] Preferably, the impurity removal in S1 is to remove packaging materials, large pieces of soil, stones or metal particles in the tail vegetables.
[0013] Preferably, the squeezing treatment is to use a juicer or a press to remove water from the tail vegetables, so that the water content of the filter residue is 5-15%.
[0014] Preferably, the microalgae in S4 are Chlorella sorokinensis, Chlorella vulgaris or Scenedesmus obliquus, and the above algae species are all collected from the soil of a vegetable field and stored in the Aquatic Biological Resources Laboratory of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology.
[0015] Preferably, the organic fertilizer in S4 is base fertilizer or foliar fertilizer.
[0016] Preferably, the aquatic feed described in S5 includes, by weight: 20-25 parts of tail vegetable residue, 20-25 parts of algae cells, 15-20 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of corn flour, 10-15 parts of silkworm pupa powder, and 1-2 parts of complex vitamins.
[0017] Preferably, the vitamin complex, by weight, includes: B 12 20-25 parts of A, 50-60 parts of C, 20-30 parts of E.
[0018] Preferably, the plant height increase rate is higher than 30%, and the root length increase rate is higher than 6%.
[0019] Preferably, the mortality rate of aquatic animals is lower than 0.78%, the average daily growth rate of aquatic animals is higher than 0.28 mm, and the morbidity rate of aquatic animals is lower than 1.21%.
[0020] The principle of the method for resource utilization of tail vegetables based on microalgae transformation of the present invention is that the filtrate obtained after squeezing the tail vegetables contains rich nutrients such as nitrogen (1350±11.5mg / L), phosphorus (260±5.3mg / L), and organic carbon (14970±44.5mg / L). Microalgae can make full use of these nutrients in the filtrate under mixed culture conditions and convert them into active substances such as protein, polysaccharide, fatty acid, pigment, etc. After 3-5 days of conversion, the nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic carbon contents in the filtrate are reduced to 302±4.9, 68±2.8, and 810±22.1mg / L, respectively. In addition, the obtained microalgae cells are high-quality feed for aquatic animals, and the algae-water separation liquid can be used as high-value organic fertilizer.
[0021] Beneficial effects: (1) The method for resource utilization of tail vegetables based on microalgae transformation described in the present invention, on the one hand, reduces the moisture content of tail vegetables, and on the other hand, increases the added value of agricultural waste such as tail vegetables; (2) The method broadens the idea of resource utilization of agricultural waste, and at the same time provides a source for high value-added products such as aquatic feed; (3) The method has a simple process, low costs in each link, and is easy to realize industrial scale-up production. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] The following examples further illustrate the content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, modifications and substitutions made to the method, steps or conditions of the present invention all belong to the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
[0024] Examples 1-12
[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation comprises the following steps:
[0026] S1. Collect and remove the leftover vegetables; wherein the leftover vegetables are the remains or residues of cabbage, lettuce and rapeseed; and remove the packaging materials, large pieces of soil, stones or metal particles therein.
[0027] S2. The removed waste vegetables are squeezed to obtain filter residue and filtrate by separation; after squeezing, the water content of the waste vegetables is 5-15%.
[0028] S3, adjusting the pH value of the S2 filtrate to 6.5-7.5;
[0029] S4, inoculate the microalgae into the filtrate after S3 treatment, with an inoculation density of 10 4 -10 5 cells / mL, the culture temperature is 25°C, the light intensity is 3000 lux, and the culture is carried out for 3-5 days to transform the microalgae. After the transformation, the algae water is separated to obtain algae cells and separation liquid, wherein the separation liquid is used to prepare organic fertilizer; wherein the organic fertilizer is base fertilizer or foliar fertilizer.
[0030] S5. The algae cells obtained in S4 and the filter residue obtained in S2 are mixed to prepare an aquatic feed, which comprises, by weight, 20-25 parts of tail vegetable filter residue, 20-25 parts of algae cells, 15-20 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of corn flour, 10-15 parts of silkworm pupa powder, and 1-2 parts of complex vitamins.
[0031] The growth status and transformation capacity of the microalgae in this embodiment were analyzed using the microalgae biomass as an indicator (Table 1);
[0032] The effects of the base fertilizer and foliar fertilizer prepared using the separated liquid obtained by separation of algae and water in this embodiment were evaluated using the increase rate of the root length and plant height of water spinach compared with the control group as indicators (Table 1);
[0033] The aquatic feed developed in this example was used to feed grass carp for 60 days, and the effects of the developed aquatic feed were compared using mortality, average daily growth rate and morbidity as indicators (Table 1).
[0034] The above important parameters and corresponding test results are shown in Table 1.
[0035] Comparative Example 1
[0036] (1) Inoculate Chlorella sorokinensis into BG11 medium (inoculation density is 10 4 -10 5 cells / mL, culture temperature is 25°C, light intensity is 3000lux, and culture is for 3-5 days). After the culture is completed, the algae water is separated to obtain algae cells and separation liquid, wherein the separation liquid is used to prepare organic fertilizer; wherein the organic fertilizer is base fertilizer or foliar fertilizer.
[0037] (2) The algae cells obtained in (1) are mixed to prepare an aquatic feed, which includes, by weight, 20 parts of soybean meal, 25 parts of algae cells, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of corn flour, 13 parts of silkworm pupa powder, and 2 parts of multivitamins.
[0038] Taking the microalgae biomass as an indicator, the growth status of the microalgae in this comparative scheme was analyzed (Table 1);
[0039] The effects of the base fertilizer and foliar fertilizer prepared by the separation liquid obtained by separation of algae and water in this comparative example were evaluated by taking the increase rate of water spinach root length and plant height compared with the control group as indicators (Table 1);
[0040] The grass carp were fed with the aquatic feed developed in this comparative example for 60 days, and the effects of the aquatic feed developed were compared using mortality, average daily growth rate and morbidity as indicators (Table 1).
[0041] Comparative Example 2
[0042] (1) Inoculate Scenedesmus obliquus into BG11 medium (inoculation density is 10 4 -10 5 cells / mL, culture temperature is 25°C, light intensity is 3000lux, and culture is for 3-5 days). After the culture is completed, the algae water is separated to obtain algae cells and separation liquid, wherein the separation liquid is used to prepare organic fertilizer; wherein the organic fertilizer is base fertilizer or foliar fertilizer.
[0043] (2) The algae cells obtained in (1) are mixed to prepare an aquatic feed, which includes, by weight, 20 parts of soybean meal, 25 parts of algae cells, 20 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of corn flour, 13 parts of silkworm pupa powder, and 2 parts of multivitamins.
[0044] Taking the microalgae biomass as an indicator, the growth status of the microalgae in this comparative scheme was analyzed (Table 1);
[0045] The effects of the base fertilizer and foliar fertilizer prepared by the separation liquid obtained by separation of algae and water in this comparative example were evaluated by taking the increase rate of water spinach root length and plant height compared with the control group as indicators (Table 1);
[0046] The grass carp were fed with the aquatic feed developed in this comparative example for 60 days, and the effects of the aquatic feed developed were compared using mortality, average daily growth rate and morbidity as indicators (Table 1).
[0047]
[0048]
[0049]
Claims
1. A method for utilizing algae resources based on microalgae transformation, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1, collect the leftover vegetables and remove impurities; S2, squeezing the removed tail vegetables and separating them to obtain filter residue and filtrate; S3, adjusting the pH value of the S2 filtrate to 6.5-7.5; S4, inoculate the microalgae into the filtrate after S3 treatment, with an inoculation density of 10 4 -10 5 cells / mL, the culture temperature is 25°C, the light intensity is 3000 lux, and the culture is carried out for 3-5 days to transform the microalgae. After the transformation, the algae water is separated to obtain algae cells and separation liquid, wherein the separation liquid is used to prepare organic fertilizer; S5. The algae cells obtained in S4 and the filter residue obtained in S2 are mixed to prepare aquatic feed.
2. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waste vegetables in S1 are the vegetable residues or leftovers collected during the vegetable planting, harvesting, processing, transportation and sales.
3. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impurity removal described in S1 is to remove packaging materials, large pieces of soil, stones or metal particles from the tail vegetables.
4. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The squeezing treatment is to use a juicer or a press to remove the water in the tail vegetables, so that the water content of the filter residue is 5-15%.
5. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microalgae in S4 are Chlorella sorokinensis, Chlorella vulgaris or Scenedesmus obliquus.
6. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic fertilizer described in S4 is base fertilizer or foliar fertilizer.
7. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aquatic feed described in S5 includes, by weight: 20-25 parts of tail vegetable residue, 20-25 parts of algae cells, 15-20 parts of fish meal, 15-20 parts of corn flour, 10-15 parts of silkworm pupa powder, and 1-2 parts of complex vitamins.
8. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The compound vitamins, by mass, include: B 12 20-25 parts of A, 50-60 parts of C, 20-30 parts of E.
9. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant height increase rate is higher than 30%, and the root length increase rate is higher than 6%.
10. The method for resource utilization of algae based on microalgae transformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mortality rate of aquatic animals is lower than 0.78%, the average daily growth rate of aquatic animals is higher than 0.28mm, and the morbidity rate of aquatic animals is lower than 1.21%.