Green electrified reforming conversion system, hydrogen metallurgy ironmaking system and ironmaking process

Abstract

The invention provides a reforming conversion reaction furnace. The reforming conversion reaction furnace comprises a U-shaped furnace tube, the double openings of the U-shaped furnace tube are positioned at the upper part, and the U-shaped bottom is positioned at the lower part and is vertically arranged in the reaction furnace; and double openings of the U-shaped furnace tube are process gas inlets. A U-shaped tube is adopted on a reactor core furnace tube, an outlet is formed in the bottom of the U-shaped tube, and the U-shaped tube is a heating body and a catalyst bearing device and is electrified for heating to directly convert electric energy into heat energy. After electric heating, uniform heating of the furnace tube is ensured, the furnace tube has required strength, and performance exertion of a catalyst and sufficiency of reaction are facilitated. In addition, the electrode terminals are located at the low-temperature section of feed gas feeding, the material type selection requirements for electrode materials and related auxiliary pipelines are lowered, investment is saved, the operation safety of the device is higher, and modularization of the device and flexible adjustment of operation are better achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of chemical gas conversion, and relates to a reforming conversion reactor, a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system and an ironmaking process, and in particular to a green electrification reforming conversion system, a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system and an ironmaking process. Background Art

[0002] The reforming and conversion of natural gas or light hydrocarbons requires a series of physical and chemical reactions under heating conditions through reforming and conversion reactions under the support of catalysts. The system is extremely large, and the main equipment and processes include: radiation section, convection section, induced draft fan, blower, air filter and chimney. The radiation section is equipped with low-nitrogen burners, fire detection and high-temperature infrared probes, as well as supporting fuel gas systems and fire extinguishing steam systems. The box instrument detection and control interlocking systems are relatively centralized. The entire system is relatively complex, with high investment costs and poor operational flexibility. Especially in the harp-type radiation room of the reforming furnace, multiple rows of burners are set on the top of the furnace, and several reforming furnace tubes are installed vertically in the furnace. The process materials undergo reforming and conversion reactions under the catalytic action of the catalyst in the furnace tube and the promotion of the heat transferred from the outside of the tube. The heat transfer in the furnace box is caused by high-temperature flame radiation and high-temperature flue gas convection, accounting for about 70% to 80% of the total heat load. The radiation heat transfer form can only achieve a higher heat transfer efficiency in the high temperature range, and in this process, the high temperature flue gas takes away a lot of heat. The high temperature waste heat in the flue gas can only be recovered by setting up a convection section in other areas of the furnace. Due to the low convection heat transfer efficiency of media such as process gas, flue gas and air, the heat exchange area of ​​the convection section heat exchanger is large and the investment cost is high. In order to prevent problems such as flue gas dew point corrosion, the overall heat loss of the furnace is between 5% and 8%, and the heat loss is relatively serious. In order to ensure sufficient recovery of waste heat, the equipment selection for this part is large, resulting in poor efficiency. Equipment such as induced draft fans and blowers are set to enhance convection heat transfer, which again leads to an increase in overall investment.

[0003] Therefore, how to find a more suitable reforming furnace, improve energy utilization efficiency, and ensure the continuous and stable operation of natural gas or light hydrocarbon reforming conversion reactions has become one of the urgent problems to be solved by relevant production companies in the industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a reforming conversion reactor, a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system and an ironmaking process, in particular, a green electrification reforming conversion system. The present invention designs a new energy-saving green electrification reforming conversion reaction system that adopts direct electrode high-flux high-load heating and flexibly adjusts the load, which can flexibly use green energy in parallel combination to improve efficiency.

[0005] The present invention provides a reforming conversion reactor, comprising a U-shaped furnace tube;

[0006] The U-shaped furnace tube has double openings at the top and a U-shaped bottom at the bottom and is erected in the reaction furnace;

[0007] The double openings of the U-shaped furnace tube are process gas inlets.

[0008] Preferably, the U-shaped furnace tube is an electrically heated U-shaped furnace tube;

[0009] The U-shaped furnace tube comprises a high-temperature alloy centrifugal casting furnace tube;

[0010] The two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube are both provided with insulating material protection rings;

[0011] The insulating material protection ring is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube, near the double opening position.

[0012] Preferably, the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube are both provided with electrode interfaces;

[0013] The electrode interface is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube and is arranged below the insulating material protection ring;

[0014] Catalyst loading and unloading ports are provided on the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube;

[0015] The catalyst loading and unloading port is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube and is arranged below the electrode interface.

[0016] Preferably, the material of the U-shaped furnace tube includes ZG45Ni35Cr27NbW;

[0017] A catalyst is arranged in the U-shaped furnace tube.

[0018] Preferably, a reducing gas outlet pipeline is provided at the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped furnace tube;

[0019] An insulating material protection ring is arranged on the reducing gas outlet pipeline.

[0020] Preferably, the reforming conversion reactor comprises a plurality of U-shaped furnace tubes connected in parallel;

[0021] The reforming conversion reactor also includes a top process gas manifold;

[0022] The outlets of the top process gas collecting pipe are respectively connected to the process gas inlets of a plurality of parallel U-shaped furnace tubes.

[0023] The present invention provides a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system, comprising the reforming conversion reactor described in any one of the above technical solutions;

[0024] A vertical furnace unit connected to the reforming conversion reactor.

[0025] Preferably, the reducing gas outlet of the reforming conversion reactor is connected to the reducing gas inlet of the vertical furnace tower of the vertical furnace unit;

[0026] The hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system also includes a dust removal system;

[0027] The top gas outlet at the top of the vertical furnace tower is connected to the air inlet of the dust removal system;

[0028] The dust-removed furnace top gas outlet of the dust removal system is connected to the process gas inlet of the reforming conversion reactor through a mixing pipeline;

[0029] The mixing pipeline is provided with a supplementary process gas inlet.

[0030] The present invention provides a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking process, comprising the following steps:

[0031] 1) The purified top gas of the vertical furnace is mixed with the supplementary process gas to obtain process gas, which is then sent to the U-shaped furnace tube of the reforming conversion reactor. Under the action of the catalyst in the U-shaped furnace tube, the reforming conversion reaction is carried out to obtain the reducing gas;

[0032] The reforming conversion reactor comprises the reforming conversion reactor described in any one of the above technical solutions;

[0033] 2) The reducing gas obtained in the above step is sent into a vertical furnace tower, and after a reduction reaction with the oxidized pellets, sponge iron is obtained at the bottom and top gas is generated at the top;

[0034] 3) The top gas produced in the above steps is subjected to dust removal and purification to obtain purified vertical furnace top gas, which is then subjected to step 1) to form a cycle.

[0035] Preferably, in the process gas, the ratio of the total molar number of CO2 and H2O to the molar number of CH4 is (1.3-1.5):1;

[0036] The molar content of CH4 in the process gas is 10% to 20%;

[0037] The temperature of the reforming conversion reaction is 950-1050°C;

[0038] The temperature of the reducing gas is 950-1050°C;

[0039] The molar content of CH4 in the reducing gas is 2-4%;

[0040] In the reducing gas, the ratio of the total molar number of CO+H2 to the total molar number of CO2+CO+H2O+H2 is ≥95%.

[0041] The present invention provides a reforming conversion reactor, including a U-shaped furnace tube; the U-shaped furnace tube has double openings located at the top and a U-shaped bottom located at the bottom and stands upright in the reactor; the double openings of the U-shaped furnace tube are process gas inlets. Compared with the prior art, the present invention specially designs a reforming conversion reactor with a specific structure, which adopts a "U"-shaped tube on the core furnace tube of the reactor and sets an outlet at the bottom. It is both a heating body and a catalyst carrier. It generates heat when powered on, and directly converts electrical energy into thermal energy. Due to the characteristics of the furnace tube material, after electric heating, it is ensured that the furnace tube heats evenly and has the required strength, which is more conducive to the performance of the catalyst and the adequacy of the reaction. The present invention adopts this design method to make the electrode terminal in the low-temperature section of the raw gas feed, which reduces the material selection requirements for the electrode material and related auxiliary pipelines, saves investment, and makes the device safer to operate, and is more conducive to the modularization of the device and the flexibility of operation. Once the device needs to reduce the operating load, in order to ensure the operating space velocity of the catalyst, the gas flow rate of the single tube cannot be reduced arbitrarily. Therefore, the present invention can increase or decrease the operating load by switching the single tube operation.

[0042] The present invention designs a new energy-saving green electrification reforming conversion reaction system that adopts direct electrode high-flux and high-load heating and can flexibly adjust the load. The system can flexibly use green energy in parallel combination to improve efficiency. Moreover, based on the existing reforming conversion furnace tube materials and related performance (for example, key parameters such as material composition and resistance value), without changing the public supporting facilities, while ensuring the reforming conversion temperature, pressure, space velocity and catalyst characteristics, a new energy-saving green electrification reforming conversion reaction system that adopts direct electrode high-flux and high-load heating and can flexibly adjust the load is designed. The system can flexibly use green energy in parallel combination to improve efficiency.

[0043] Since the loss of fuel calorific value in the existing system is mainly reflected in the heat loss of the equipment itself and the heat carried away by the flue gas, carbon emissions are generated during the combustion of fossil fuels. According to the first-class urban natural gas, the high calorific value is 36MJ / m 3 (101.325kPa, 20℃), the converted carbon emissions are about 2.0kg, and the standard 92% thermal efficiency calculation shows that each standard cubic meter of natural gas released 36MJ of heat and the corresponding carbon emissions are 2.17kg. With the large-scale commissioning of green energy, an electric heating method is used to achieve gas catalytic reforming conversion. Without the combustion of gas, the zero carbon emission target can be achieved, and the electric heating method has a higher energy efficiency conversion, with a heat energy conversion of more than 98%. Excluding the heat loss of the outer wall of the equipment itself, the comprehensive thermal efficiency of the equipment can be guaranteed to be more than 95%, which not only saves energy but also reduces carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a single reforming conversion high-temperature alloy heating tube provided by the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of multiple parallel-connected reforming conversion high-temperature alloy heating tubes provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to further understand the present invention, preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with examples, but it should be understood that these descriptions are only for further illustrating the features and advantages of the present invention rather than limiting the patent claims of the present invention.

[0047] All raw materials of the present invention have no particular limitation on their sources, and can be purchased from the market or prepared according to conventional methods known to those skilled in the art.

[0048] There is no particular limitation on the purity of all raw materials in the present invention. The present invention preferably uses industrial purity or conventional purity in the field of gas-based direct reduced iron.

[0049] All noun expressions and abbreviations in the present invention are conventional noun expressions and abbreviations in the field. Each noun expression and abbreviation is clear and unambiguous in its relevant application field. Those skilled in the art can clearly, accurately and uniquely understand them based on the noun expressions and abbreviations.

[0050] The present invention provides a reforming conversion reactor, comprising a U-shaped furnace tube;

[0051] The U-shaped furnace tube has double openings at the top and a U-shaped bottom at the bottom and is erected in the reaction furnace;

[0052] The double openings of the U-shaped furnace tube are process gas inlets.

[0053] In the present invention, the U-shaped furnace tube is preferably an electrically heated U-shaped furnace tube.

[0054] In the present invention, the U-shaped furnace tube preferably comprises a high-temperature alloy centrifugal casting furnace tube.

[0055] In the present invention, the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube are preferably provided with insulating material protection rings. Specifically, each of the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube is provided with a circle of insulating material around the outside of the furnace tube.

[0056] In the present invention, the insulating material protection ring is preferably located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube, near the double opening position.

[0057] In the present invention, the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube are preferably both provided with electrode interfaces.

[0058] In the present invention, the electrode interface is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube, preferably arranged below the insulating material protection ring.

[0059] In the present invention, the two vertical pipelines of the U-shaped furnace tube are preferably both provided with catalyst loading and unloading ports.

[0060] In the present invention, the catalyst loading and unloading port is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube, preferably arranged below the electrode interface.

[0061] In the present invention, the material of the U-shaped furnace tube preferably includes ZG45Ni35Cr27NbW. Specifically, the material of the U-shaped furnace tube is a high-temperature alloy centrifugal casting furnace tube. Its composition index is shown in Table 1:

[0062] Table 1

[0063]

[0064] In the present invention, the U-shaped furnace tube is preferably provided with a catalyst. Specifically, the catalyst is a highly dispersed anti-sintering catalyst with nano-scale nickel atoms using magnesium aluminum spinel as a basic carrier.

[0065] In the present invention, the U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped furnace tube is preferably provided with a reducing gas outlet pipeline.

[0066] In the present invention, the reducing gas outlet pipeline is preferably provided with an insulating material protection ring. Specifically, the reducing gas outlet pipeline is provided with a ring of insulating material around the outside of the furnace tube.

[0067] In the present invention, the reforming conversion reactor preferably includes a plurality of U-shaped furnace tubes connected in parallel.

[0068] In the present invention, the reforming conversion reactor preferably further comprises a top process gas collecting pipe.

[0069] In the present invention, the outlets of the top process gas collecting pipe are preferably respectively connected to the process gas inlets of a plurality of parallel U-shaped furnace tubes.

[0070] The present invention provides a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system, comprising the reforming conversion reactor described in any one of the above technical solutions;

[0071] A vertical furnace unit connected to the reforming conversion reactor.

[0072] In the present invention, the reducing gas outlet of the reforming conversion reactor is preferably connected to the reducing gas inlet of the vertical furnace tower of the vertical furnace unit.

[0073] In the present invention, the hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system preferably further includes a dust removal system.

[0074] In the present invention, the top gas outlet at the top of the vertical furnace tower is preferably connected to the air inlet of the dust removal system.

[0075] In the present invention, the dust-removed top gas outlet of the dust removal system is preferably connected to the process gas inlet of the reforming conversion reactor through a mixing pipeline. Specifically, the dust-removed top gas outlet of the dust removal system can be connected to the top cold end process gas manifold of the reforming conversion reactor, and more specifically, can be welded to the process gas manifold through a flexible metal pipe.

[0076] In the present invention, the mixing pipeline is preferably provided with a supplementary process gas inlet.

[0077] The present invention provides a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking process, comprising the following steps:

[0078] 1) The purified top gas of the vertical furnace is mixed with the supplementary process gas to obtain process gas, which is then sent to the U-shaped furnace tube of the reforming conversion reactor. Under the action of the catalyst in the U-shaped furnace tube, the reforming conversion reaction is carried out to obtain the reducing gas;

[0079] The reforming conversion reactor comprises the reforming conversion reactor described in any one of the above technical solutions;

[0080] 2) The reducing gas obtained in the above step is sent into a vertical furnace tower, and after a reduction reaction with the oxidized pellets, sponge iron is obtained at the bottom and top gas is generated at the top;

[0081] 3) The top gas produced in the above steps is subjected to dust removal and purification to obtain purified vertical furnace top gas, which is then subjected to step 1) to form a cycle.

[0082] The present invention first mixes the purified vertical furnace top gas with supplementary process gas to obtain process gas, which is then sent into a U-shaped furnace tube of a reforming conversion reactor. Under the action of a catalyst in the U-shaped furnace tube, a reforming conversion reaction is performed to obtain a reducing gas.

[0083] The reforming conversion reactor comprises the reforming conversion reactor described in any one of the above technical solutions;

[0084] In the present invention, in the process gas, the molar ratio of the total molar number of CO2 and H2O to the molar number of CH4 is preferably (1.3-1.5):1, more preferably (1.35-1.5):1, more preferably (1.4-1.5):1, specifically 1.5:1.

[0085] In the present invention, the molar content of CH4 in the process gas is preferably 10% to 20%, more preferably 12% to 18%, and more preferably 14% to 16%.

[0086] In the present invention, the temperature of the reforming conversion reaction is preferably 950-1050°C, more preferably 970-1030°C, and even more preferably 990-1010°C.

[0087] The present invention then feeds the reduction gas obtained in the above steps into a vertical furnace tower, and after a reduction reaction occurs with the oxidized pellets, sponge iron is obtained at the bottom and top gas is generated at the top.

[0088] In the present invention, the temperature of the reducing gas is preferably 950-1050°C, more preferably 1000-1050°C, and more preferably 1020-1050°C. Specifically, it may be 1050°C.

[0089] In the present invention, the molar content of CH4 in the reducing gas is preferably 2-4%, more preferably 2-3.5%, more preferably 2-3%, specifically 2% mol.

[0090] In the present invention, in the reducing gas, the total molar number of CO+H2 preferably accounts for ≥95% of the total molar number of CO2+CO+H2O+H2.

[0091] In the present invention, the top gas produced in the above steps is finally subjected to dust removal and purification to obtain purified vertical furnace top gas, and then step 1) is performed to form a cycle.

[0092] In the present invention, the top gas generated at the top is circulated to the reforming conversion unit after dust removal and purification, and after the supplementary raw material gas is continuously added, a reforming reaction occurs to produce high-temperature reducing gas.

[0093] The present invention is to complete and refine the overall technical solution, better improve the reforming conversion effect of the reforming conversion reactor, and further improve the thermal efficiency and green energy utilization rate. The above-mentioned green electrification reforming conversion system, hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system and ironmaking process may specifically include the following contents:

[0094] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of a single reforming conversion high-temperature alloy heating tube provided by the present invention.

[0095] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the structure of multiple parallel-connected reforming conversion high-temperature alloy heating tubes provided by the present invention.

[0096] like Figure 2 As shown, a plurality of high-temperature alloy centrifugal casting furnace tubes with self-heating catalyst added in parallel are arranged in multiple rows according to engineering design requirements to form a new reformer for use in subsequent industrial projects. Figure 2 The figure below shows the assembly diagram and cross-section of an industrial design heating furnace.

[0097] The present invention is applied to the hydrogen metallurgical shaft furnace process scenario to replace the traditional harp-type reforming converter heated by fossil fuels.

[0098] The top gas from the upstream system is mixed with the supplementary process gas, and the mixture is adjusted to {(CO2+H2O) / CH4}≈1.5 (molar ratio) according to the different components, and enters the top cold end process gas manifold, and then distributed to each electric heating furnace tube. Under the combined action of the high surface heat load furnace tube and the catalyst, the process gas is rapidly heated and a rapid and stable reforming conversion reaction occurs. The catalyst bed temperature is constant, the CH4 conversion efficiency is high, the CH4 content of the outlet reduction gas can be controlled at about 2% mol, the outlet temperature is about 1050℃, and {(CO+H2) / (CO2+CO+H2O+H2)}≥95%.

[0099] It then enters the vertical furnace unit, undergoes a reduction reaction with the oxidized pellets in the vertical furnace tower, and produces sponge iron products at the bottom. The top gas produced at the top is circulated to the reforming conversion unit after dust removal and purification, and continues to mix with the supplementary process gas to undergo a reforming reaction to produce high-temperature reducing gas.

[0100] The above content of the present invention provides a green electrification reforming conversion system, hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system and ironmaking process. The reforming conversion reactor specially designed by the present invention has a specific structure. The core furnace tube of the reactor adopts a "U"-shaped tube and an outlet is arranged at the bottom. It is both a heating body and a catalyst carrier. It is powered on to generate heat and directly converts electrical energy into thermal energy. Due to the characteristics of the furnace tube material, after electric heating, it is guaranteed that the furnace tube heats evenly and has the required strength, which is more conducive to the performance of the catalyst and the sufficiency of the reaction. The present invention adopts this design method to make the electrode terminal in the low temperature section of the raw gas feed, which reduces the material selection requirements for the electrode material and related auxiliary pipelines, saves investment, and makes the device safer to operate, and is more conducive to the modularization of the device and the flexibility of operation. Once the device needs to reduce the operating load, in order to ensure the operating air velocity of the catalyst, the gas flow of the single tube shall not be reduced at will. Therefore, the present invention can realize the increase and decrease of the operating load by switching the single tube operation.

[0101] The present invention designs a new energy-saving green electrification reforming conversion reaction system that adopts direct electrode high-flux and high-load heating and can flexibly adjust the load. The system can flexibly use green energy in parallel combination to improve efficiency. Moreover, based on the existing reforming conversion furnace tube materials and related performance (for example, key parameters such as material composition and resistance value), without changing the public supporting facilities, while ensuring the reforming conversion temperature, pressure, space velocity and catalyst characteristics, a new energy-saving green electrification reforming conversion reaction system that adopts direct electrode high-flux and high-load heating and can flexibly adjust the load is designed. The system can flexibly use green energy in parallel combination to improve efficiency.

[0102] Since the loss of fuel calorific value in the existing system is mainly reflected in the heat loss of the equipment itself and the heat carried away by the flue gas, carbon emissions are generated during the combustion of fossil fuels. According to the first-class urban natural gas, the high calorific value is 36MJ / m 3 (101.325kPa, 20℃), the converted carbon emissions are about 2.0kg, and the standard 92% thermal efficiency calculation shows that each standard cubic meter of natural gas released 36MJ of heat and the corresponding carbon emissions are 2.17kg. With the large-scale commissioning of green energy, an electric heating method is used to achieve gas catalytic reforming. Without the combustion of gas, the zero carbon emission target can be achieved, and the electric heating method has a higher energy efficiency conversion, with a heat energy conversion of more than 98%. Excluding the heat loss of the outer wall of the equipment itself, the comprehensive thermal efficiency of the equipment can be guaranteed to be more than 95%, which not only saves energy but also reduces carbon emissions.

[0103] In order to further illustrate the present invention, a reforming conversion reactor, a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system and an ironmaking process provided by the present invention are described in detail in combination with the embodiments below. However, it should be understood that these embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are given only to further illustrate the characteristics and advantages of the present invention, rather than to limit the claims of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0104] Example

[0105] Use containing Figure 1 and 2 The green electrification reforming conversion reaction system of the high-temperature alloy heating tube is shown.

[0106] See Table 1, which shows the process parameters of the reforming conversion in the examples of the present invention.

[0107] Table 1

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] The above is a detailed introduction to a green electrification reforming conversion system, a hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system and an ironmaking process provided by the present invention. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of the present invention, including the best mode, and also enables any technician in the field to practice the present invention, including manufacturing and using any device or system, and implementing any combined method. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified in a number of ways, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention is defined by the claims and may include other embodiments that can be thought of by those skilled in the art. If these other embodiments have structural elements that are not different from the literal expression of the claims, or if they include equivalent structural elements that are not substantially different from the literal expression of the claims, then these other embodiments should also be included in the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A reforming conversion reactor, characterized in that: Including U-shaped furnace tube; The U-shaped furnace tube has double openings at the top and a U-shaped bottom at the bottom and is erected in the reaction furnace; The double openings of the U-shaped furnace tube are process gas inlets.

2. The reforming conversion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped furnace tube is an electrically heated U-shaped furnace tube; The U-shaped furnace tube comprises a high-temperature alloy centrifugal casting furnace tube; The two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube are both provided with insulating material protection rings; The insulating material protection ring is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube, near the double opening position.

3. The reforming conversion reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube are both provided with electrode interfaces; The electrode interface is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube and is arranged below the insulating material protection ring; Catalyst loading and unloading ports are provided on the two vertical pipes of the U-shaped furnace tube; The catalyst loading and unloading port is located at the upper part of the U-shaped furnace tube and is arranged below the electrode interface.

4. The reforming conversion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the U-shaped furnace tube includes ZG45Ni35Cr27NbW; A catalyst is arranged in the U-shaped furnace tube.

5. The reforming conversion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The U-shaped bottom of the U-shaped furnace tube is provided with a reducing gas outlet pipeline; An insulating material protection ring is arranged on the reducing gas outlet pipeline.

6. The reforming conversion reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reforming conversion reactor comprises a plurality of U-shaped furnace tubes connected in parallel; The reforming conversion reactor also includes a top process gas manifold; The outlets of the top process gas collecting pipe are respectively connected to the process gas inlets of a plurality of parallel U-shaped furnace tubes.

7. A hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system, characterized in that: A reforming conversion reactor comprising any one of claims 1 to 6; A vertical furnace unit connected to the reforming conversion reactor.

8. The hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The reducing gas outlet of the reforming conversion reactor is connected to the reducing gas inlet of the vertical furnace tower of the vertical furnace unit; The hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking system also includes a dust removal system; The top gas outlet at the top of the vertical furnace tower is connected to the air inlet of the dust removal system; The dust-removed furnace top gas outlet of the dust removal system is connected to the process gas inlet of the reforming conversion reactor through a mixing pipeline; The mixing pipeline is provided with a supplementary process gas inlet.

9. A hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking process, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) The purified top gas of the vertical furnace is mixed with the supplementary process gas to obtain process gas, which is then sent to the U-shaped furnace tube of the reforming conversion reactor. Under the action of the catalyst in the U-shaped furnace tube, the reforming conversion reaction is carried out to obtain the reducing gas; The reforming conversion reactor comprises the reforming conversion reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 6; 2) The reducing gas obtained in the above step is sent into a vertical furnace tower, and after a reduction reaction with the oxidized pellets, sponge iron is obtained at the bottom and top gas is generated at the top; 3) The top gas produced in the above steps is subjected to dust removal and purification to obtain purified vertical furnace top gas, which is then subjected to step 1) to form a cycle.

10. The hydrogen metallurgical ironmaking process according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the process gas, the ratio of the total mole number of CO2 and H2O to the mole number of CH4 is (1.3-1.5):1; The molar content of CH4 in the process gas is 10% to 20%; The temperature of the reforming conversion reaction is 950-1050°C; The temperature of the reducing gas is 950-1050°C; The molar content of CH4 in the reducing gas is 2-4%; In the reducing gas, the ratio of the total molar number of CO+H2 to the total molar number of CO2+CO+H2O+H2 is ≥95%.

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