Method for improving gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing material

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving the gelling property of an inorganic solid waste 3D printing material in the technical field of 3D printing, which comprises the following steps: taking natural shale and clay minerals with high gelling property as a binder, adding 60-80% of inorganic solid waste, and stirring the raw materials in a stirring device; enabling the raw materials to form paste with a gelling property through a hydration reaction; then carrying out vacuumizing treatment; the paste is fed into a 3D printer to be printed and formed; and carrying out later-stage heating treatment to finish a melting reaction, so that the product forms an inorganic material product with a stable structure. Natural shale and clay minerals with high gelling property are used as binders, the amount of added inorganic solid waste reaches 60-80%, and more gelling substances are released in the stirring, hydration reaction and melting reaction processes. The gel property of the paste and inorganic material products can be improved, so that the paste and inorganic material products have better strength and stability. The problems that a 3D printing material developed by utilizing inorganic solid waste is poor in gelling property and difficult to print and form are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and specifically provides a method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology, the amount of inorganic solid waste generated has gradually increased, and the problems of huge stockpiles and the inability to utilize large amounts of resources have become increasingly prominent. These inorganic solid wastes not only pose a serious threat to the ecological environment, but also cause a waste of resources. Some inorganic solid wastes contain various types of metal and non-metallic minerals that have not been completely extracted, rare and scattered elements, and a large amount of mineral materials such as silicon, aluminum, calcium, and magnesium that can be utilized. However, at present, the comprehensive utilization rate of inorganic solid waste in my country is only about 7%, and the main treatment method is to build a warehouse for storage. This treatment method not only occupies a large amount of land, but may also cause environmental problems such as dust and eutrophication of water bodies, and there is a potential risk of geological disasters. At the same time, the construction and operation management of inorganic solid waste warehouses also require a considerable cost.

[0003] 3D printing technology is a rapid prototyping technology that can create complex three-dimensional objects by stacking materials layer by layer. With the continuous development of 3D printing technology, its application in the fields of architecture, medical treatment, aerospace, etc. is becoming more and more extensive. In the field of 3D printing, inorganic materials are increasingly widely used, especially in the fields of architecture, ceramics, glass, etc. However, some inorganic materials are prone to collapse and cracking during the 3D printing process, and their gelling properties need to be improved.

[0004] Inorganic solid waste includes, but is not limited to, mining solid waste (such as iron tailings, gold tailings and other solid waste generated during the mining and selection of minerals), metallurgical solid waste (steel slag, silicon-manganese slag, etc.), construction waste, waste metal and medical waste. Among them, mining solid waste is currently mainly used for brick making and other purposes, with low added value, which affects its application. At present, inorganic solid waste is used to develop 3D printing materials to achieve additive manufacturing and increase added value, but there are problems such as poor gelling properties and difficulty in printing and forming. Therefore, this scheme proposes a method to improve the gelling properties of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides a method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials, so as to solve the problem that the 3D printing materials developed using inorganic solid waste have poor gelling property and are not easy to print and form.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Batching and mixing: using natural shale and clay minerals with high gelling properties as binders, adding inorganic solid waste to a content of 60-80%, with the inorganic solid waste being mining solid waste, and placing the raw materials into a homemade stirring device;

[0008] Step 2, hydration reaction: add water to a stirring device and stir, use the stirring device to stir the raw material and water simultaneously in the forward and reverse directions, add alkaline additives, catalysts, fly ash and surfactants during stirring, the alkaline additive is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the catalyst is a metal salt or an organic acid, the surfactant is an anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactant, and the temperature, pressure and time at this time are controlled, the temperature is adjusted to 50°C-70°C, the pressure is adjusted to 0psi-2000psi, and the time is 10min-3h. Through the hydration reaction, the hydration product is gradually filled in the gaps of the raw material particles to form a mesh coating structure, so that the raw material forms a paste with a gelling property, and the conditions of the hydration reaction are controlled at the same time;

[0009] Step 3, vacuum exhaust: vacuum the paste after hydration reaction to remove the gas in the paste; the pressure of vacuum treatment is 800Pa-2600Pa, and the time is 30min-2h;

[0010] Step 4: 3D printing: sending the prepared paste into a 3D printer for printing;

[0011] Step 5, post-processing and melting reaction: The printed product is subjected to post-heating treatment to complete the melting reaction; through the melting reaction, the product is formed into an inorganic material product with a stable structure.

[0012] Furthermore, in step one, during stirring, plasticizers and reinforcing agents may be added for mixing, and attention should be paid to water holding capacity and water retention.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 2, a catalyst may be added during the hydration reaction to carry out the hydration reaction together with the raw materials.

[0014] Furthermore, in step 4, during 3D printing, the printing parameters are controlled, including but not limited to temperature, speed and layer thickness, and then the paste is printed into a desired shape and structure by stacking layer by layer according to the designed three-dimensional model.

[0015] Furthermore, when setting the printing parameters, the temperature can be set to 20°C-200°C, the speed can be set to 5mm / s-50mm / s, and the thickness can be set to 0.1mm-0.3mm.

[0016] Furthermore, after the melting reaction is completed, the inorganic material product is cooled to shape the inorganic material product.

[0017] Furthermore, after the inorganic material product is shaped, the cooled inorganic material product is post-processed and modified, and the post-processing and modification include but are not limited to grinding, polishing and etching.

[0018] Furthermore, the stirring device includes a stirring box, the top of which is provided with an opening, and a hollow cover body is detachably connected to the opening, a rotating part is fixedly connected to one side of the cover body, and a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating part, and a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear are respectively meshed with the upper and lower sides of the first bevel gear, a rotating rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle part of the second bevel gear, the rotating rod passes through the third bevel gear and extends into the stirring box, a rotating tube is fixedly connected to the middle part of the third bevel gear, the rotating rod is located in the rotating tube and slidably cooperates with the rotating tube, and a first stirring blade and a second stirring blade are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating rod and the rotating rod.

[0019] Beneficial effects: (1) Improved gelling properties: By using natural shale and clay minerals with high gelling properties as binders and adding 60-80% inorganic solid waste, more gelling substances can be released during the stirring, catalytic and hydration reactions, which helps to improve the gelling properties of pastes and inorganic material products, giving them better strength and stability. The melting reaction forms a stable structure, and high-quality inorganic (ceramic) material products can be prepared. This solves the problem of poor gelling properties and difficulty in printing when developing 3D printing materials using inorganic solid waste.

[0020] (2) Reduce waste: Using inorganic solid waste as one of the main raw materials can make full use of inorganic solid waste resources. This can not only reduce the accumulation of waste and pollution to the environment, but also reduce production costs.

[0021] (3) Optimizing the preparation process: The preparation process of inorganic material products can be further optimized by controlling the conditions of the hydration reaction, adding plasticizers and reinforcing agents, adjusting printing parameters, etc. This helps to improve the performance and quality of the products.

[0022] (4) Customizable production: Based on actual needs and the designed 3D model, the paste is printed into the desired shape and structure by stacking layer by layer. This makes inorganic material products more customized and personalized.

[0023] (5) Energy saving and environmental protection: The entire preparation process uses physical methods such as stirring, hydration reaction, and melting reaction to prepare inorganic material products. This method is more energy-saving and environmentally friendly than traditional preparation methods.

[0024] (6) Expanding application areas: The inorganic material products prepared by this technical method have good physical properties, chemical stability and environmental friendliness. Therefore, its application areas are not limited to traditional fields such as building materials and ceramics, but can also be expanded to aerospace, medical and environmental protection fields.

[0025] (7) Adding alkaline additives during stirring. Alkaline additives such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide can increase the pH value of the system, promote the hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions of silicon, aluminum and other elements in the minerals, and accelerate the formation of hydration products. Adding catalysts during stirring. Catalysts such as metal salts or organic acids can provide the active sites required for the reaction or change the reaction path to reduce the activation energy of the reaction, thereby accelerating the hydration reaction. Adding fly ash during stirring allows the active ingredients (such as silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide, etc.) in it to react chemically with the minerals in the raw materials to form new hydration products and enhance the gelling properties of the material. Adding surfactants during stirring. Surfactants such as anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants can reduce surface tension, improve the dispersibility of the raw material particles in water, and make the hydration reaction more uniform and faster. (8) The raw materials and water are stirred forwardly and reversely at the same time by a self-made stirring device. The forward and reverse stirring can make the raw materials more evenly dispersed in the water, improve the water holding capacity and water retention of the raw materials, reduce the aggregation and precipitation of particles, and increase the contact area and frequency of water molecules with the raw materials by simultaneous forward and reverse stirring, promote the chemical reaction between water molecules and raw materials, generate more substances with gelling properties, improve the stability of the paste, and make the paste have better bonding performance and gelling properties, which can better meet the requirements of 3D printing. The problem of poor gelling and difficulty in printing and molding in the existing development of 3D printing materials using inorganic solid waste is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a method for improving the gelling properties of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 2 is a cross-sectional view of a stirring device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods:

[0029] The reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: a mixing box 1, an opening 2, a cover 3, a rotating member 4, a first bevel gear 5, a second bevel gear 6, a third bevel gear 7, a rotating rod 8, a rotating tube 9, a first stirring blade 10, and a second stirring blade 11.

[0030] The embodiment is basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown:

[0031] A method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step 1, batching and mixing: Use natural shale and clay minerals with high gelling properties as binders, and add 60-80% inorganic solid waste. Mining solid waste is selected. Mining solid waste includes but is not limited to iron tailings, gold tailings and other mining wastes. Natural shale and clay minerals can also be selected. Natural shale and clay minerals include but are not limited to kaolin, bentonite, illite and attapulgite montmorillonite. Put the raw materials into a homemade stirring device for stirring; during stirring, plasticizers and enhancers can be added for mixing, and attention should be paid to water holding capacity and water retention.

[0033] During stirring, alkaline additives, catalysts, fly ash and surfactants are also added. Alkaline additives are selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, catalysts are selected from metal salts or organic acids, and surfactants are selected from anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactants. Initially, the alkaline additive can be tried to add 0.1%-1% of the total solid waste, and gradually adjusted according to the reaction effect. The catalyst can be tried from 0.01%-0.5% of the total solid waste, and adjusted according to the reaction rate and product performance. The proportion of fly ash added can be determined according to the particle grading and performance requirements of the solid waste, generally between 5%-20%. The amount of surfactant added is preferably 0.01%-0.5% of the total solid waste, depending on the type and effect of the surfactant.

[0034] The stirring device includes a stirring box 1, which has an opening 2 on the top, and a hollow cover body 3 is detachably connected to the opening 2. A temperature regulating component and a pressure regulating component are embedded in the bottom of the cover body. The temperature regulating component is preferably a heating tube and a refrigeration plate, and the pressure regulating component is preferably a pressure pump. A rotating member 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the cover body 3, and the rotating member 4 is preferably a motor. The output shaft of the rotating member 4 is fixedly connected to a first bevel gear 5, and the second bevel gear 6 and the third bevel gear 7 are respectively meshed on the upper and lower sides of the first bevel gear 5. A rotating rod 8 is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle part of the second bevel gear 6, and the rotating rod 8 passes through the third bevel gear 7 and extends into the stirring box 1. A rotating tube 9 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the third bevel gear 7. The rotating rod 8 is located in the rotating tube 9 and slidably cooperates with the rotating tube 9. The rotating rod 8 and the rotating rod 8 are respectively fixedly connected with a first stirring blade 10 and a second stirring blade 11.

[0035] Step 2, hydration reaction: During the stirring process, a mesh coating structure is formed, and the raw materials are formed into a paste with a gelling property through a hydration reaction, and the conditions of the hydration reaction are controlled at the same time; the conditions of the hydration reaction include but are not limited to temperature, pressure and time. Among them, the temperature can be adjusted to 50°C-70°C, the pressure can be adjusted to 0psi-2000psi, and the time can be 10min-3h.

[0036] Step three, vacuum exhaust: vacuum the paste that has undergone hydration reaction to remove the gas in the paste. The pressure of the vacuum treatment is 800Pa-2600Pa, and the time is 30min-2h;.

[0037] Step 4, 3D printing: Send the prepared paste into the 3D printer for printing; during 3D printing, control the printing parameters, including but not limited to temperature, speed and layer thickness, and then print the paste into the desired shape and structure by stacking layer by layer according to the designed 3D model. The temperature can be set to 20℃-200℃, the speed can be set to 5mm / s-50mm / s, and the thickness can be set to 0.1mm-0.3mm.

[0038] Step 5, post-processing and melting reaction: The printed product is subjected to post-heating treatment to complete the melting reaction; through the melting reaction, the product is formed into an inorganic material product with a stable structure. After the melting reaction is completed, the inorganic material product is cooled to shape the inorganic material product. After the inorganic material product is shaped, the cooled inorganic material product is post-processed and modified, including but not limited to grinding, polishing and etching.

[0039] The specific implementation process is as follows: For example, when preparing inorganic ceramic products, the target parameters are as follows:

[0040] Size: diameter 8cm, height 10cm.

[0041] Weight: Approx. 200 g.

[0042] Appearance: Smooth, without obvious pores.

[0043] Performance: High heat resistance, can withstand high temperature up to 800℃.

[0044] The specific preparation process is as follows:

[0045] Step 1: Ingredients and mixing

[0046] Use natural shale and clay minerals with high gelling properties as binders, add inorganic solid waste to a content of 60-80%, and put the raw materials into a stirring device for stirring; during stirring, add plasticizers and reinforcing agents for mixing, and pay attention to water holding and water retention. When stirring with a stirring device, add the raw materials and water into the stirring box 1 through the opening 2, and then use the cover 3 to seal the stirring box 1, open the rotating part 4, and when the output shaft of the rotating part 4 rotates, it drives the first bevel gear 5 to rotate, and when the first bevel gear 5 rotates, it drives the second bevel gear 6 and the third bevel gear 7 to rotate, and at this time, the second bevel gear 6 and the third bevel gear 7 rotate in opposite directions. At this time, add alkaline additives such as sodium hydroxide, catalyst metal salts, fly ash and amphoteric surfactants.

[0047] At this time, the second bevel gear 6 drives the rotating rod 8, i.e., the first stirring blade 10, to rotate, and the third bevel gear 7 drives the rotating tube 9 and the second stirring blade 11 to rotate, thereby utilizing the first stirring blade 10 and the second stirring blade 11 rotating in opposite directions to simultaneously stir the raw material and water in the forward and reverse directions.

[0048] Step 2: Hydration reaction

[0049] Using a stirring device, the hydration reaction was started.

[0050] The temperature was controlled between 50°C and 70°C, the pressure was adjusted to 200 psi, and stirring was continued for 1 hour.

[0051] Step 3: Vacuum Exhaust

[0052] The paste after the hydration reaction is placed in a vacuum treatment device to remove the gas in the paste.

[0053] Step 4: 3D printing

[0054] According to the designed three-dimensional model (the shape and structure of the ceramic product), the paste is fed into the 3D printer.

[0055] Set the printing temperature to 200°C, the speed to 20 mm / s, and the layer thickness to 0.2 mm.

[0056] Step 5: Post-treatment and melting reaction

[0057] After printing is completed, the product is placed in a high-temperature furnace for a melting reaction.

[0058] The melt temperature was set to 1200°C and heating was continued for 3 hours.

[0059] After the melting reaction is completed, the product is allowed to cool naturally to room temperature.

[0060] Step 6: Post-processing and modification

[0061] The cooled inorganic ceramic product is polished to make its surface smooth.

[0062] Use a polishing machine to polish and improve the gloss of ceramic products.

[0063] Etching or pattern printing can be performed as required.

[0064] Step 7: Final testing and packaging

[0065] The prepared ceramic products are tested for appearance and performance.

[0066] After meeting the requirements, packaging will be carried out.

[0067] The above is only an embodiment of the present invention. The common sense such as the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described in detail here. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field know all the common technical knowledge in the technical field of the invention before the application date or priority date, can obtain all the existing technologies in the field, and have the ability to apply the conventional experimental means before that date. The ordinary technicians in the relevant field can improve and implement this scheme in combination with their own abilities under the enlightenment given by this application. Some typical known structures or known methods should not become obstacles for ordinary technicians in the relevant field to implement this application. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, which will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application shall be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation methods and other records in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for improving the gelling properties of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Batching and mixing: using natural shale and clay minerals with high gelling properties as binders, adding inorganic solid waste to a content of 60-80%, with the inorganic solid waste being mining solid waste, and placing the raw materials into a homemade stirring device; Step 2, hydration reaction: add water to a stirring device and stir, use the stirring device to stir the raw material and water simultaneously in the forward and reverse directions, add alkaline additives, catalysts, fly ash and surfactants during stirring, the alkaline additive is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, the catalyst is a metal salt or an organic acid, the surfactant is an anionic, cationic, nonionic or amphoteric surfactant, and the temperature, pressure and time at this time are controlled, the temperature is adjusted to 50°C-70°C, the pressure is adjusted to 0psi-2000psi, and the time is 10min-3h. Through the hydration reaction, the hydration product is gradually filled in the gaps of the raw material particles to form a mesh coating structure, so that the raw material forms a paste with a gelling property, and the conditions of the hydration reaction are controlled at the same time; Step 3, vacuum exhaust: vacuum the paste after hydration reaction to remove the gas in the paste; the pressure of vacuum treatment is 800Pa-2600Pa, and the time is 30min-2h; Step 4: 3D printing: sending the prepared paste into a 3D printer for printing; Step 5, post-processing and melting reaction: The printed product is subjected to post-heating treatment to complete the melting reaction; through the melting reaction, the product is formed into an inorganic material product with a stable structure.

2. The method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step one, while stirring, plasticizers and enhancers may be added for mixing, and attention should be paid to water holding capacity and water retention.

3. The method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 2, a catalyst may be added during the hydration reaction to carry out the hydration reaction together with the raw materials.

4. The method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 4, during 3D printing, the printing parameters are controlled, including but not limited to temperature, speed and layer thickness, and then the paste is printed into a desired shape and structure by stacking layer by layer according to the designed three-dimensional model.

5. The method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: When setting the printing parameters, the temperature can be set to 20℃-200℃, the speed can be set to 5mm / s-50mm / s, and the thickness can be set to 0.1mm-0.3mm.

6. The method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the melting reaction is completed, the inorganic material product is cooled to fix the inorganic material product.

7. The method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the inorganic material product is finalized, the cooled inorganic material product is post-processed and modified, and the post-processing and modification include but are not limited to grinding, polishing and etching.

8. The method for improving the gelling property of inorganic solid waste 3D printing materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring device includes a stirring box, the top of which is provided with an opening, and a hollow cover body is detachably connected to the opening, a rotating member is fixedly connected to one side of the cover body, and a first bevel gear is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the rotating member, and a second bevel gear and a third bevel gear are respectively meshed with the upper and lower sides of the first bevel gear, a rotating rod is coaxially fixedly connected to the middle part of the second bevel gear, the rotating rod passes through the third bevel gear and extends into the stirring box, a rotating tube is fixedly connected to the middle part of the third bevel gear, the rotating rod is located in the rotating tube and slidably cooperates with the rotating tube, and a first stirring blade and a second stirring blade are respectively fixedly connected to the rotating rod and the rotating rod.

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