Low-temperature-resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature-resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of chemical engineering. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 to 120 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15 to 25 parts of di-iso-decylphthalate, 9 to 11 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 7.5 to 8.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 to 8 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3.5 to 4.5 parts of barium-zinc stabilizer, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.4 to 0.6 part of UV-531 ultraviolet light absorber, 7 to 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4 to 6 parts of talcum powder and 9.5 to 10.5 parts of calcium carbonate. 1.5-2.5 parts of an epoxidized soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 0.9-1.1 parts of a polyester type anti-precipitation agent and 1.3-1.7 parts of a polyethylene wax lubricant; according to the invention, by selecting specific raw materials and reasonably proportioning the raw materials, the low-temperature resistance of the cable material is ensured, the flame retardance is improved, the combustion risk is reduced, the comprehensive performance is improved, the service life is prolonged, the cable material shows good performance in a low-temperature environment, fire spreading is effectively prevented, and the electrical fault risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical industry, in particular to a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Polyvinyl chloride is a good material that is widely used in various industries, for example in the production of cables.

[0003] In practical applications, polyvinyl chloride cable materials have the following specific problems:

[0004] 1. Balance between flame retardancy and low temperature resistance

[0005] 1. Low temperature causes changes in material properties, leading to combustion risks

[0006] The dual impact of plasticizers

[0007] In order to achieve the low temperature resistance of cable materials, cold-resistant plasticizers need to be added, but some plasticizers will have an adverse effect on flame retardancy, which is the core contradiction in the balance between flame retardancy and low temperature resistance. For example, in a low temperature environment, these plasticizers make cable materials soft while increasing the risk of combustion, which is specifically manifested in making cable materials more flammable and reducing flame retardancy after plasticizer precipitation. This falls into the category of low temperature causing material performance changes and causing combustion risks.

[0008] The chain reaction of embrittlement

[0009] The imbalance between flame retardancy and low temperature resistance may lead to poor performance of cable materials such as insufficient impact resistance at low temperatures, which makes brittle cracking more likely to occur in low temperature environments. Brittle cracking can cause problems such as wire contact, reduced insulation performance, and impurity accumulation, which further increase the risk of combustion, thus closely linking the two issues.

[0010] 2. Mutual influence and influence on low temperature resistance and flame retardant properties

[0011] It directly affects the ability of cable materials to meet both flame retardancy and low-temperature resistance requirements in low-temperature environments. If there is an imbalance, the performance of one party may be sacrificed while pursuing the other, making the cable unable to play a protective role in low-temperature fire scenarios.

[0012] It affects the overall performance stability and reliability of cable materials at low temperatures. Unbalanced performance can easily lead to various problems in low-temperature environments, indirectly affecting the continued effective performance of low-temperature resistance and flame retardant properties.

[0013] 2. Correlation and impact of combustion risk caused by changes in material properties due to low temperature

[0014] 1. Association with external factors that increase combustion risk

[0015] Effects of environmental factors on cable materials at low temperatures

[0016] Special environmental factors in low temperature environments (such as flammable and explosive gases or liquid vapors in petrochemical enterprises, heating equipment in buildings, etc.) interact with the performance changes of cable materials caused by low temperature. When the cable material is brittle at low temperature and the protective performance decreases, external flammable and explosive substances are more likely to penetrate into the cable and contact the cable material, increasing the possibility of combustion. At the same time, the humid environment and the impurities accumulated on the brittle surface work together to easily cause combustion when encountering a fire source, so that external factors and changes in material properties caused by low temperature synergistically increase the risk of combustion.

[0017] Interaction of electrical failures with cryogenic material properties

[0018] Changes in electrical properties of cable materials at low temperatures (such as electrical faults such as decreased insulation resistance and loose joints) and changes in mechanical properties such as brittle cracking caused by low temperatures interact with each other. Brittle cracking can damage insulation performance and increase the risk of current leakage; the heat generated by electrical faults exacerbates the aging and performance deterioration of cable materials, making cables more flammable at low temperatures, closely linking changes in material properties caused by low temperatures with electrical faults.

[0019] 2. Mutual influence and influence on low temperature resistance and flame retardant properties

[0020] The flame retardant properties of cable materials at low temperatures are directly affected by the action of plasticizers and brittle cracking. The adverse effects of plasticizers lead to a decrease in flame retardant properties. The problems caused by brittle cracking increase the possibility of combustion, destroy the flame retardant effect, and have a negative impact on the actual application of low-temperature resistance. For example, combustion causes damage to the cable and it cannot work normally at low temperatures.

[0021] It indirectly affects the balance between flame retardancy and low-temperature resistance. When low temperature increases the risk of combustion, the selection and ratio of flame retardants and cold-resistant plasticizers need to be readjusted, which may disrupt the original performance balance.

[0022] 3. External factors increase the correlation and impact of combustion risks

[0023] 1. Mutual influence and influence on low temperature resistance and flame retardant properties

[0024] External environmental factors and electrical failures combined with changes in material properties caused by low temperature significantly increase the risk of combustion of cables in low temperature environments. For example, the infiltration of flammable and explosive gases and heat from electrical failures are more likely to cause combustion when the low-temperature properties of cable materials become fragile, seriously threatening the safe operation of cables and posing greater challenges to flame retardancy and low-temperature resistance.

[0025] This has led to more stringent requirements on the performance of cable materials, the need to further improve flame retardancy and low temperature resistance and stability in complex environments, and has placed higher demands on R&D and production, highlighting the urgency and importance of solving related problems.

[0026] Summary of the problem:

[0027] The three issues of balancing flame retardancy and low temperature resistance, changes in material properties due to low temperature causing combustion risks, and external factors increasing combustion risks are interrelated and influence each other. The selection of plasticizers and the brittle cracking phenomenon are the key factors connecting the problem of balancing flame retardancy and low temperature resistance with the problem of combustion risks due to low temperature. The performance changes of cable materials at low temperatures interact with external environmental factors and electrical failures, which together increase the combustion risk of cables in low temperature environments. These problems not only directly affect the flame retardancy and low temperature resistance of cable materials, but also indirectly affect the performance balance and stability through interactions, posing severe challenges to the research and development, production and application of cable materials, and emphasizing the necessity and urgency of solving these problems.

[0028] In view of this, a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material and a preparation method thereof are provided to overcome the above-mentioned problems, aiming to solve the problem of the difficulty in balancing low-temperature resistance and flame retardancy, and significantly improve the flame retardancy while ensuring the low-temperature resistance of the cable material. Summary of the invention

[0029] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problem of the difficulty in balancing low-temperature resistance and flame retardancy, and to significantly improve the flame retardancy while ensuring the low-temperature resistance of the cable material.

[0030] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material, which comprises the following raw materials and their weight proportions: 80-120 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15-25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 9-11 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 7.5-8.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6-8 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3.5-4.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.8-1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.4-0.6 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7-8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4-6 parts of talc, 9.5-10.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.5-2.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 0.9-1.1 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent and 1.3-1.7 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0031] Furthermore, the raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 20 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 10 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 7 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 10101 parts of antioxidant, 10.5 parts of UV absorber UV-53, 6 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts of talc, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1 part of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0032] Furthermore, the raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 80 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 9 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 7.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.8 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.4 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4 parts of talc, 9.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 0.9 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.3 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0033] Furthermore, the raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 110 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 22 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 10.5 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8.2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 7.5 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4.2 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.1 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.5 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7.5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5.5 parts of talc, 10.2 parts of calcium carbonate, 2.2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.0 part of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.6 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0034] Furthermore, the raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 120 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 11 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 8 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.6 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 6 parts of talc, 10.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 2.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.1 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.7 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0035] A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1, mixed;

[0037] S1.1, add polyvinyl chloride resin into a high-speed mixer, and preheat by stirring at 85°C for 6 minutes;

[0038] S1.2, first add diisodecyl phthalate and dioctyl terephthalate, then add magnesium hydroxide and brominated flame retardant, then add barium zinc stabilizer, antioxidant 1010 and ultraviolet absorber UV-531; finally, add impact modifier, filler and anti-precipitation agent in sequence, and continue stirring and mixing for 11 minutes;

[0039] S1.3, add polyethylene wax lubricant, stir for 3.5 minutes and then discharge;

[0040] S2, mixing, extruding and granulating;

[0041] S2.1. Add the mixed materials into a twin-screw extruder. Set the temperature of zone 1 to 125°C, zone 2 to 140°C, zone 3 to 155°C, zone 4 to 175°C, die head to 180°C, and screw speed to 300r / min.

[0042] S2.2. The extruded material is water-cooled and then pelletized to obtain low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material.

[0043] Further, fillers include talc and calcium carbonate.

[0044] Furthermore, the anti-precipitation agent includes epoxy soybean oil and polyester type anti-precipitation agent.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] By selecting diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) as cold-resistant plasticizers, it can maintain good flexibility at low temperatures, and at the same time has relatively little effect on flame retardancy, solving the problem that traditional cold-resistant plasticizers are not good for flame retardancy. The flame retardant is a compound of magnesium hydroxide and organic flame retardant (bromine flame retardant), which not only improves the flame retardant efficiency, but also reduces costs, ensuring good flame retardancy in low temperature environments. The stabilizer uses barium zinc stabilizer in combination with antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers to enhance the stability of cable materials and extend their service life. The impact modifier uses ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) to improve the impact resistance of cable materials at low temperatures and reduce the risk of brittle cracking caused by external impact. The filler uses talcum powder and calcium carbonate mixed in a certain proportion to improve the hardness and dimensional stability of the cable material while maintaining flexibility and reducing costs. The combined use of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent and polyester anti-precipitation agent can effectively prevent the plasticizer from precipitating at low temperatures and maintain the stability of cable material performance.

[0047] Through the reasonable selection and proportion of raw materials, the flame retardant performance is significantly improved while ensuring the low temperature resistance of the cable material. The combination of new cold-resistant plasticizers and impact modifiers reduces the risk of combustion caused by brittle cracking. The use of composite flame retardants and stabilizers enhances the flame retardant performance and stability of cable materials, making them more reliable in low temperature environments. The optimization of fillers and the combined use of anti-precipitation agents maintain the flexibility and low temperature resistance of cable materials, and reduce the problems of decreased flame retardant performance and increased combustion risk caused by plasticizer precipitation. The addition of auxiliary additives further improves the comprehensive performance of cable materials and extends their service life. Cable materials have good low temperature resistance, flexibility and impact resistance in low temperature environments, are not prone to shrinkage and surface cracking, can effectively prevent the spread of fire, reduce the risk of cable combustion in low temperature environments, have better anti-penetration and heat resistance against external factors, improve the electrical performance of cable materials, and reduce electrical failures and combustion risks caused by decreased insulation resistance and loose joints. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material and a preparation method thereof. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] See also Figure 1 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0051] Embodiment 1:

[0052] Raw materials and weight proportions: 80 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 9 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 7.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.8 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.4 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4 parts of talc, 9.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 0.9 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.3 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0053] preparation:

[0054] S1, Mixed:

[0055] S1.1. Add 80 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin into a high-speed mixer and preheat by stirring at 85°C for 6 minutes.

[0056] S1.2, first add 15 parts of diisodecyl phthalate and 9 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, then add 7.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 6 parts of brominated flame retardant, then add 3.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.8 parts of 1010 antioxidant and 0.4 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber; finally, add 7 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4 parts of talcum powder and 9.5 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 1.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent and 0.9 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent in sequence, and continue stirring and mixing for 11 minutes.

[0057] S1.3, add 1.3 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant, stir for 3.5 minutes and then discharge.

[0058] S2, Mixing, Extrusion and Granulation:

[0059] S2.1. Add the mixed materials into a twin-screw extruder. Set the temperature of zone 1 to 125°C, zone 2 to 140°C, zone 3 to 155°C, zone 4 to 175°C, die head to 180°C, and screw speed to 300r / min.

[0060] S2.2. The extruded material is water-cooled and then pelletized to obtain low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material.

[0061] Advantages: The cost is relatively low, and it has certain economic advantages in scenarios where performance requirements are not particularly high; the amount of raw materials used is relatively small, and the load on production equipment may be relatively small.

[0062] Disadvantages: Due to the relatively small amount of each raw material used, the low-temperature resistance and flame retardant properties may be relatively weak; for example, in an extremely cold environment, the flexibility may decrease rapidly and the cable material is more likely to become brittle; the impact resistance may be insufficient, and when subjected to external force, it is more likely to crack, increasing the risk of combustion caused by cracking.

[0063] Example 1 can meet the basic low-temperature resistance requirements to a certain extent. The cable material can still maintain a certain flexibility at a relatively low temperature, reducing the shrinkage caused by temperature changes; the use of composite flame retardants and stabilizers has enhanced the flame retardant properties and stability of the cable material to a certain extent, but the effect is relatively limited; through the optimization of fillers and the composite use of anti-precipitation agents, the flexibility and low-temperature resistance of the cable material are maintained to a certain extent, but the risk of plasticizer precipitation may be relatively high, resulting in a decrease in flame retardant properties.

[0064] Embodiment 2:

[0065] Raw materials and weight proportions: 110 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 22 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 10.5 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8.2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 7.5 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4.2 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.1 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.5 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7.5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5.5 parts of talc, 10.2 parts of calcium carbonate, 2.2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.0 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.6 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0066] preparation:

[0067] S1, Mixed:

[0068] S1.1. Add 110 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin into a high-speed mixer and preheat by stirring at 85°C for 6 minutes.

[0069] S1.2, first add 22 parts of diisodecyl phthalate and 10.5 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, then add 8.2 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 7.5 parts of brominated flame retardant, then add 4.2 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.1 parts of 1010 antioxidant and 0.5 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber; finally, add 7.5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5.5 parts of talcum powder and 10.2 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 2.2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent and 1.0 part of polyester anti-precipitation agent in sequence, and continue stirring and mixing for 11 minutes.

[0070] S1.3, add 1.6 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant, stir for 3.5 minutes and then discharge.

[0071] S2, Mixing, Extrusion and Granulation:

[0072] S2.1. Add the mixed materials into a twin-screw extruder. Set the temperature of zone 1 to 125°C, zone 2 to 140°C, zone 3 to 155°C, zone 4 to 175°C, die head to 180°C, and screw speed to 300r / min.

[0073] S2.2. The extruded material is water-cooled and then pelletized to obtain low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material.

[0074] Advantages: The raw material ratio is relatively balanced, and there is a good balance between performance and cost. The low temperature resistance and flame retardancy are significantly improved compared with the first embodiment, and can adapt to a wider range of low temperature environments.

[0075] Disadvantages: Compared with the optimal embodiment, there may still be a certain gap in some performance; for example, the impact resistance may be slightly inferior, and there is still a certain risk of brittle cracking under extreme low temperature and external force impact; the anti-precipitation effect of the plasticizer may not be as stable as the optimal embodiment, and a certain degree of plasticizer precipitation problem may occur in long-term use.

[0076] Embodiment 2 significantly improves the low temperature resistance of the cable material in a low temperature environment, has good flexibility, and is not prone to shrinkage and surface cracking. The flame retardant performance is effectively improved, which can prevent the spread of fire to a certain extent and reduce the risk of cable combustion in a low temperature environment. The use of fillers and anti-precipitation agents maintains the stability of the performance of the cable material to a certain extent, but compared with the optimal embodiment, the effect still has room for improvement.

[0077] Embodiment three:

[0078] Raw materials and weight proportions: 120 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 11 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 8 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.6 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 6 parts of talc, 10.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 2.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.1 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.7 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0079] preparation:

[0080] S1, Mixed:

[0081] S1.1. Add 120 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin into a high-speed mixer and preheat by stirring at 85°C for 6 minutes.

[0082] S1.2, first add 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate and 11 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, then add 8.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 8 parts of brominated flame retardant, then add 4.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant and 0.6 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber; finally, add 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 6 parts of talcum powder and 10.5 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 2.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent and 1.1 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent in sequence, and continue stirring and mixing for 11 minutes.

[0083] S1.3, add 1.7 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant, stir for 3.5 minutes and then discharge.

[0084] S2 Mixing Extrusion Granulation:

[0085] S2.1. Add the mixed materials into a twin-screw extruder. Set the temperature of zone 1 to 125°C, zone 2 to 140°C, zone 3 to 155°C, zone 4 to 175°C, die head to 180°C, and screw speed to 300r / min.

[0086] S2.2. The extruded material is water-cooled and then pelletized to obtain low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material.

[0087] Advantages: The amount of raw materials used is relatively large, and the performance in various aspects may be more outstanding. For example, the low temperature resistance and flame retardancy may be relatively strong, and it can adapt to more severe low temperature environments. The impact resistance is good, and it is not easy to crack when subjected to external impact, reducing the risk of combustion caused by cracking.

[0088] Disadvantages: The cost is relatively high, which may limit its application in some cost-sensitive projects. Excessive use of raw materials may require higher production process requirements. For example, more precise parameter control may be required during mixing and extrusion, otherwise unstable quality may occur.

[0089] Example 3 has good low temperature resistance and can maintain good flexibility at extremely low temperatures, which provides a guarantee for the normal use of the cable. It has excellent flame retardant properties and can effectively prevent the spread of fire, greatly reducing the risk of cable combustion in low temperature environments. The combined use of fillers and anti-precipitation agents makes the performance of cable materials more stable and reduces the problem of flame retardant performance degradation caused by plasticizer precipitation.

[0090] Embodiment 4:

[0091] Raw materials and weight proportions: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 20 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 10 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 7 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1 part of 1010 antioxidant, 0.5 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 6 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts of talc, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1 part of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0092] preparation:

[0093] S1, Mixed:

[0094] S1.1. Add 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin into a high-speed mixer and preheat by stirring at 85°C for 6 minutes.

[0095] S1.2, first add 20 parts of diisodecyl phthalate and 10 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, then add 8 parts of magnesium hydroxide and 7 parts of brominated flame retardant, then add 4 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1 part of 1010 antioxidant and 0.5 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber; finally, add 6 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts of talcum powder and 10 parts of calcium carbonate filler, 2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent and 1 part of polyester anti-precipitation agent in sequence, and continue stirring and mixing for 11 minutes.

[0096] S1.3, add 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant, stir for 3.5 minutes and then discharge.

[0097] S2, Mixing, Extrusion and Granulation:

[0098] S2.1. Add the mixed materials into a twin-screw extruder. Set the temperature of zone 1 to 125°C, zone 2 to 140°C, zone 3 to 155°C, zone 4 to 175°C, die head to 180°C, and screw speed to 300r / min.

[0099] S2.2. The extruded material is water-cooled and then pelletized to obtain low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material.

[0100] advantage:

[0101] The raw material ratio has been optimized to achieve a good balance between low temperature resistance and flame retardancy. For example, the amount of cold-resistant plasticizer can ensure the flexibility of the cable material at low temperatures without having a significant impact on the flame retardancy.

[0102] The impact resistance is good. The new impact modifier works synergistically with other raw materials to effectively reduce the risk of brittle cracking caused by external impact, thereby reducing the risk of combustion caused by brittle cracking.

[0103] The use of composite flame retardants and stabilizers has a significant effect, enhancing the flame retardant properties and stability of cable materials, making them more reliable in low temperature environments.

[0104] The optimization of fillers and the combined use of anti-precipitation agents effectively maintain the flexibility and low-temperature resistance of cable materials, while reducing the problems of decreased flame retardant properties and increased combustion risks caused by the precipitation of plasticizers.

[0105] The addition of auxiliary additives further improves the comprehensive performance of cable materials and extends their service life.

[0106] shortcoming:

[0107] The cost may be relatively high, but the improvement in comprehensive performance gives it a clear advantage in some projects with higher performance requirements.

[0108] Embodiment 4 optimizes the selection and proportion of raw materials, thereby significantly improving the flame retardant performance while ensuring the low temperature resistance of the cable material, and effectively solves the problem of the difficulty in balancing the low temperature resistance and the flame retardant performance in the prior art.

[0109] The combination of the new cold-resistant plasticizer and impact modifier does improve the impact resistance of cable materials at low temperatures, reduces the risk of brittle cracking caused by external impact, and thus reduces the risk of combustion caused by brittle cracking.

[0110] The use of composite flame retardants and stabilizers enhances the flame retardancy and stability of cable materials, making them more reliable in low-temperature environments. For example, when faced with external fire sources, they can better prevent the spread of fire.

[0111] The optimization of fillers and the combined use of anti-precipitation agents maintain the flexibility and low-temperature resistance of cable materials, reduce the problems of decreased flame retardant properties and increased combustion risks caused by the precipitation of plasticizers, and maintain good performance even in long-term low-temperature environments.

[0112] The addition of auxiliary additives further improves the comprehensive performance of cable materials, extends their service life, and enables them to function stably in various harsh environments.

[0113] Comparative Example 1:

[0114] Raw materials and weight proportions: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15 parts of traditional cold-resistant plasticizer (such as dibutyl phthalate), 5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 5 parts of single brominated flame retardant, 3 parts of calcium zinc stabilizer, no antioxidant and ultraviolet absorber, 5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 8 parts of calcium carbonate, 1 part of single epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, and 1 part of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0115] shortcoming:

[0116] Traditional cold-resistant plasticizers have a greater impact on flame retardant properties and may make cable materials more easily burn at low temperatures.

[0117] The flame retardant and stabilizer system is single, and the flame retardant performance and stability are insufficient.

[0118] The amount of impact modifier used is small, the impact resistance is poor, and it is easy to crack and cause combustion risk.

[0119] The filler is single and used in small amounts, which has limited effect on improving the performance of cable materials.

[0120] The anti-precipitation agent is single and has poor effect in preventing the precipitation of plasticizer.

[0121] Comparative Example 2:

[0122] Raw materials and weight proportions: 90 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 10 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 5 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 6 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 4 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.5 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 4 parts of UV-free absorber, 4 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 3 parts of talc, 7 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.2 parts of polyester-free anti-precipitation agent and polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0123] shortcoming:

[0124] The amount of cold-resistant plasticizer used is relatively small, and the low-temperature resistance may be insufficient.

[0125] Lack of UV absorber makes it vulnerable to UV rays in long-term low temperature environment, reducing its service life.

[0126] There is no polyester type anti-precipitation agent, and the anti-precipitation effect is relatively weak.

[0127] Comparative Example 3:

[0128] Raw materials and weight proportions: 110 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 12 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 9 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 8 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4 parts of organic tin stabilizer, 1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.6 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 7 parts of talc, 12 parts of calcium carbonate, 3 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.8 parts of polyester-free anti-precipitation agent and polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0129] shortcoming:

[0130] Organotin stabilizers are expensive and relatively environmentally unfriendly.

[0131] There is no polyester type anti-precipitation agent and the anti-precipitation ability is limited.

[0132] The amount of filler used is relatively large, which may affect the processing performance of the cable material.

[0133] Comparative Example 4:

[0134] Raw materials and weight proportions: 85 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 18 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 8 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 7 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.8 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.4 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 5 parts of chlorinated polyethylene impact modifier, 4 parts of talc, 8 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.8 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, polyester-free anti-precipitation agent, and 1.4 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

[0135] shortcoming:

[0136] The impact modifier uses chlorinated polyethylene, which may have slightly weaker impact resistance at low temperatures compared to ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0137] There is no polyester type anti-precipitation agent and the anti-precipitation effect is poor.

[0138]

[0139]

[0140]

[0141] Diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) and dioctyl terephthalate (DOTP) are selected as cold-resistant plasticizers, which maintain flexibility at low temperatures and have little effect on flame retardant properties. Accurately weighing a certain amount of DIDP and DOTP in the raw material preparation step solves the problem that traditional cold-resistant plasticizers are unfavorable to flame retardant properties.

[0142] The flame retardant is a compound of magnesium hydroxide and an organic flame retardant (brominated flame retardant), which are added in sequence during the mixing process to improve the flame retardant efficiency and ensure good flame retardant properties at low temperatures.

[0143] The stabilizer is a combination of barium zinc stabilizer, antioxidant and ultraviolet absorber, which enhances the stability of the cable material and prolongs its service life.

[0144] The impact modifier uses ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), which is added during the mixing process to improve the impact resistance of the cable material at low temperatures and reduce the risk of brittle cracking.

[0145] The filler is a mixture of talcum powder and calcium carbonate in a certain proportion and added during the mixing process to increase the hardness and dimensional stability of the cable material while maintaining flexibility and reducing costs.

[0146] Epoxidized soybean oil anti-precipitation agent is used in combination with polyester anti-precipitation agent to prevent plasticizer precipitation and maintain stable performance of cable materials.

[0147] Therefore, embodiment 4 is the optimal embodiment of this low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material and its preparation method.

[0148] Summarize:

[0149] By controlling the selection and ratio of raw materials, the problem of balancing low-temperature resistance and flame retardancy is effectively solved. While ensuring the low-temperature resistance of the cable material, the flame retardancy is significantly improved.

[0150] The combination of new cold-resistant plasticizers and impact modifiers improves the impact resistance of cable materials at low temperatures, reduces the risk of brittle cracking caused by external impact, and thus reduces the risk of combustion caused by brittle cracking.

[0151] The use of composite flame retardants and stabilizers enhances the flame retardancy and stability of cable materials, making them more reliable in low temperature environments.

[0152] The optimization of fillers and the combined use of anti-precipitation agents maintain the flexibility and low-temperature resistance of cable materials, and reduce the problems of decreased flame retardant properties and increased combustion risks caused by the precipitation of plasticizers.

[0153] The addition of auxiliary additives further improves the comprehensive performance of cable materials and extends their service life. At the same time, cable materials have good low-temperature resistance, good flexibility, strong impact resistance, and are not prone to shrinkage and surface cracking in low-temperature environments. They can effectively prevent the spread of fire and reduce the risk of cable combustion in low-temperature environments. They have better anti-penetration and heat resistance against external factors, improve the electrical performance of cable materials, and reduce the risk of electrical failures and combustion caused by decreased insulation resistance and loose joints.

Claims

1. A low temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material, It is characterized in that The raw materials and their weight proportions are: 80-120 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15-25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 9-11 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 7.5-8.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6-8 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3.5-4.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.8-1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.4-0.6 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7-8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4-6 parts of talc, 9.5-10.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.5-2.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 0.9-1.1 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent and 1.3-1.7 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

2. A low temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material as claimed in claim 1, Features: The raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 20 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 10 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 7 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 10101 parts of antioxidant, 10.5 parts of UV absorber UV-53, 6 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5 parts of talc, 10 parts of calcium carbonate, 2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1 part of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.5 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

3. A low temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material as claimed in claim 1, Features: The raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 80 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 15 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 9 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 7.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 6 parts of brominated flame retardant, 3.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 0.8 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.4 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 4 parts of talc, 9.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 1.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 0.9 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.3 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

4. A low temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material as claimed in claim 1, Features: The raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 110 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 22 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 10.5 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8.2 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 7.5 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4.2 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.1 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.5 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 7.5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 5.5 parts of talc, 10.2 parts of calcium carbonate, 2.2 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.0 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.6 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

5. A low temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material as claimed in claim 1, Features: The raw materials included and their weight proportions are: 120 parts of polyvinyl chloride resin, 25 parts of diisodecyl phthalate, 11 parts of dioctyl terephthalate, 8.5 parts of magnesium hydroxide, 8 parts of brominated flame retardant, 4.5 parts of barium zinc stabilizer, 1.2 parts of 1010 antioxidant, 0.6 parts of UV-531 ultraviolet absorber, 8 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 6 parts of talc, 10.5 parts of calcium carbonate, 2.5 parts of epoxy soybean oil anti-precipitation agent, 1.1 parts of polyester anti-precipitation agent, and 1.7 parts of polyethylene wax lubricant.

6. A method for preparing low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1, mixed; S1.1, add polyvinyl chloride resin into a high-speed mixer, and preheat by stirring at 85°C for 6 minutes; S1.2, first add diisodecyl phthalate and dioctyl terephthalate, then add magnesium hydroxide and brominated flame retardant, then add barium zinc stabilizer, antioxidant 1010 and ultraviolet absorber UV-531; finally, add impact modifier, filler and anti-precipitation agent in sequence, and continue stirring and mixing for 11 minutes; S1.3, add polyethylene wax lubricant, stir for 3.5 minutes and then discharge; S2, mixing, extruding and granulating; S2.

1. Add the mixed materials into a twin-screw extruder. Set the temperature of zone 1 to 125°C, zone 2 to 140°C, zone 3 to 155°C, zone 4 to 175°C, die head to 180°C, and screw speed to 300r / min. S2.

2. The extruded material is water-cooled and then pelletized to obtain low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material.

7. A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material as claimed in claim 6, Features: Fillers include talc and calcium carbonate.

8. A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant polyvinyl chloride cable material as claimed in claim 6, Features: Anti-sedimentation agents include epoxidized soybean oil and polyester-type anti-sedimentation agents.

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