Liquid-gas mixed type track damping fastener

Abstract

The invention relates to a liquid-gas mixed type rail vibration reduction fastener which comprises a rail bearing plate, a frame base, a vulcanized rubber structure, a bottom plate, an elastic unit and oil, the middle part of the rail bearing plate is sunken downwards to form a rail bearing groove, the rail bearing plate is sleeved with the frame base, and an open cavity is integrally defined through the vulcanized rubber structure. And the open cavity is filled with an elastic unit and oil and is hermetically connected with the bottom plate. According to the liquid-gas mixed type rail vibration reduction fastener, the installation requirement of a low-height rail is met, the vibration reduction effect is improved through the gas compression characteristic and the oil viscosity in a fluid medium, the rigidity and damping can be flexibly adjusted, and the running safety of a train is guaranteed through the vertical limiting design and the transverse anti-overturning design.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rail transit vibration reduction and noise reduction, and in particular to a liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of urban rail transit has attracted more and more people to live near the lines and in the buildings above the depots, but the vibration and noise problems caused by the operation of trains have also brought negative impacts on the lives of residents along the lines. Therefore, vibration reduction and noise reduction have become urgent issues to be solved in the operation of rail transit. The use of vibration reduction fasteners is one of the effective measures to alleviate the vibration and noise of existing lines and depot tracks.

[0003] In the prior art, the design of vibration-damping fasteners is usually carried out from the perspective of giving full play to the elasticity of rubber, so a sandwich structure of stacked iron plates and rubber pads is often used. However, this structure has a higher installation height than ordinary fasteners, which is not conducive to the modification of existing track heights and brings inconvenience to the design and construction of new lines. Therefore, how to effectively reduce the height of vibration-damping fasteners while ensuring the vibration-damping performance of fasteners has become the research focus and focus in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener to achieve low-height installation of the fastener, thereby replacing the traditional ordinary fastener. In addition, the elasticity provided by the gas compression characteristics and the damping provided by the oil viscosity can improve the rail vibration reduction performance and ensure the stability and safety of train operation.

[0005] The above-mentioned object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration damping fastener, comprising a rail support plate, a frame base, a vulcanized rubber structure, a bottom plate, an elastic unit, and oil. The rail support plate is sleeved inside the frame base and is enclosed as a whole by the vulcanized rubber structure to form an open cavity. The open cavity is filled with the elastic unit and the oil and is sealed and connected to the bottom plate.

[0007] The middle part of the rail support plate is recessed downward to form a rail support groove, so that the space at both ends of the open chamber is larger than the space of the open chamber at the bottom of the groove.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention: a mounting boss is arranged on the rail support plate, and a spring bar is installed on the mounting boss.

[0009] As a further technical solution of the present invention: a limit baffle is arranged on the frame base.

[0010] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the frame base is provided with threaded holes, the bottom of the bottom plate is provided with bolt holes, and the bottom plate is sealed and connected to the bottom of the frame base by bolts.

[0011] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the vulcanized rubber structure vulcanizes and bonds the rail support plate and the frame base into an open cavity wrapped by rubber, and an extrusion sealing structure is arranged at the bottom of the vulcanized rubber structure.

[0012] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the base plate is provided with an elliptical opening or a circular opening on a diagonal line or on all sides thereof for connecting to the sleepers.

[0013] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the bottom plate is provided with bosses around its circumference, and the bosses are used to limit the vertical displacement of the rails.

[0014] As a further technical solution of the present invention: the elastic unit is an inflatable hollow rubber body or a composite elastic deformable body.

[0015] As a further technical solution of the present invention: a damping plate is arranged in the open cavity, and a plurality of damping holes are opened on the damping plate.

[0016] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0017] 1. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration damping fastener breaks the design concept of traditional fasteners that generally use rubber solid vibration damping media; it uses the compression characteristics of gas to provide elasticity and the viscosity of oil to provide damping; it forms a new rail fastener vibration damping solution. The middle part of the rail support plate is recessed downward to form a rail support groove, so that the space at both ends of the open chamber is larger than the open chamber space at the bottom of the groove, thereby realizing the low-height installation of the fastener, which is convenient for replacing traditional ordinary fasteners.

[0018] 2. Liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration-damping fasteners have large load-bearing capacity, simple structure, and vibration-damping performance that can be quantified in design. Since the pressure at each position and direction in the oil is equal, each elastic body surface is subjected to uniform pressure, so the stiffness characteristics of the elastic body can be accurately calculated, and the design can be optimized by adjusting the number and structure of the elastomers, the hardness of the vulcanized rubber structure, the pre-compression of the fastener, and the viscosity of the oil.

[0019] 3. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration damping fastener is wrapped with vulcanized rubber and uses a base plate for static sealing. It has the advantages of reliable sealing and no oil leakage. Pre-inflation of the elastomer also avoids the problem of slow gas leakage. There is no need to install auxiliary air pressure monitoring and inflation equipment, which enhances the practicality of the technology. The vulcanization process effectively enhances the corrosion resistance, aging resistance and insulation performance of the fastener.

[0020] 4. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration-damping fastener adopts vertical limit design and lateral anti-overturning design to ensure the safety of train operation.

[0021] 5. Liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fasteners adopt a combined assembly method to achieve pre-assembly and facilitate transportation and on-site construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a connection assembly diagram of Example 1 of the application of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention when the front and rear are staggered;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a layout diagram of the example 1 described in the present invention when it is bilaterally symmetrical.

[0026] Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure numerals: 1. rail support plate; 101. rail support groove; 2. frame base; 3. vulcanized rubber structure; 4. bottom plate; 5. elastic unit; 6. oil; 7. boss; 8. limit baffle; 9. mounting boss; 10. rail retaining wall; 11. rail; 12. T-bolt; 13. spring bar; 14. anchor bolt; 15. serrated block; 16. plate height adjustment pad under the plate; 17. nylon sleeve; 18. sleeper; 19. damping plate; 20. damping hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application; obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments in the present application without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top / bottom" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific position, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "provided with", "set / connected", "connected", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] Reference Figure 1 , which is a liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration-damping fastener disclosed in the present invention, includes a rail support plate 1, a frame base 2, a vulcanized rubber structure 3, a bottom plate 4, an elastic unit 5, and oil 6. The rail support plate 1 is sleeved inside the frame base 2 and vertically staggered at a certain height; an open chamber is enclosed by the vulcanized rubber structure 3, the elastic unit 5 and the oil 6 are filled in the open chamber, and the bottom plate 4 and the open chamber are squeezed and sealed by a mechanical method for pre-assembly.

[0034] The rail support plate 1, the frame base 2 and the vulcanized rubber structure 3 are vulcanized into one body and sealed with the bottom plate 4; the middle part of the rail support plate 1 is recessed downward to form a rail support groove 101, and the space of the open chambers at both ends is larger than the space of the open chambers at the bottom of the rail support groove 101, thereby realizing a low-height fastener, which is convenient for replacing traditional ordinary fasteners. In this embodiment, the elastic unit 5 is a pre-inflated elastic unit, and the oil 6 is a damping oil.

[0035] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4 The bottom of the rail support plate 1 is provided with a accommodating chamber that is staggered in front and back or symmetrical in left and right. The rail support plate 1 is provided with a mounting boss 9 that is staggered in front and back or symmetrical in left and right. The mounting boss 9 is provided with a spring bar 13. The mounting boss 9 is composed of a T-slot for mounting a T-bolt 12 and a rail retaining wall 10 for limiting the lateral displacement of the rail 11. The rail support plate 1 is located below the rail 11, and the rail 10 is fixed to the rail support plate 1 by buckling the spring bar 13 through the T-bolt 12.

[0036] The frame base 2 is provided with a limit baffle 8 that is staggered front and back or symmetrical left and right. The frame base 2 is a through frame structure, and the frame base 2 is provided with a threaded hole. The limit baffle 8 is used to limit the floating displacement of the rail bearing plate 1 caused by the initial oil pressure of the closed chamber, and to limit the torsion angle of the rail 10 caused by the lateral force of the wheel and rail when the train is running; a bolt hole is provided at the bottom of the frame base 2, and the bottom plate 4 is sealed and connected to the bottom of the frame base 2 by bolts.

[0037] The vulcanized rubber structure 3 vulcanizes and bonds the rail support plate 1 and the frame base 2 into an open cavity wrapped by rubber. The vulcanized rubber structure 3 is provided with an extrusion sealing structure at the bottom, which is interference-fitted with the bottom plate 4 to form a sealed cavity.

[0038] The base plate 4 is provided with an elliptical opening or a circular opening for connecting to the sleeper 18 on the diagonal or around sides. In the present embodiment, the opening is an elliptical opening, and anti-skid teeth are provided above the elliptical opening for anchoring bolts 14 to connect the fastener to the sleeper 18 and to adjust the track gauge.

[0039] The bottom plate 4 is provided with bosses 7 around the periphery to limit the vertical displacement of the rail 11. Bolt holes are provided at the bottom of the bottom plate 4, and the bottom plate 4 is sealed and connected to the bottom of the frame base 2 through bolts. The bottom plate 4 is provided with bosses 7 around the periphery to limit the vertical displacement of the rail 11, thereby preventing driving safety problems caused by fastener failure; the bosses 7 also have the function of sealing the vulcanized whole composed of the rail support plate 1, the frame base 2 and the vulcanized rubber structure 3 to form a closed chamber; the bottom plate 4 is sealed and connected to the frame base 2 through bolt holes provided at the bottom.

[0040] In this embodiment, the elastic unit 5 is an inflatable hollow rubber body or a composite elastic body deformable object, the interior of the elastic unit 5 is filled with an inert gas, such as nitrogen, etc. The rubber hardness and inflation pressure can be finely designed according to the load and stiffness of the fastener. The exterior of the elastic unit 5 does not undergo a miscible chemical reaction with the oil 6 and has good durability.

[0041] The elastic unit 5 and the oil 6 of this embodiment are designed to be adjustable; the rigidity and damping design is targeted according to the vibration reduction requirements of the line. The vibration reduction function of the fastener is achieved by adjusting the material hardness and initial air pressure of the elastic unit, the viscosity and initial oil pressure of the oil 6 and other parameters.

[0042] The elastic unit 5 can be a composite elastomer with nylon cord as the inner shell and an oil-resistant layer covering the outer shell. After inflation, the composite elastomer is subjected to force inside to prevent excessive deformation of the elastomer, and the outer shell is oil-proof.

[0043] The elastic unit 5 can be composed of any of the aforementioned unit bodies alone; or it can be composed of a corresponding combination of the two unit bodies according to the vibration reduction requirements; in addition, the elastic unit 5 is not limited to these two structural forms; it can also be an oil-resistant deformable object with other structural forms.

[0044] Furthermore, in order to introduce a certain amount of damping; to further improve the vibration reduction effect of the present invention; oil 6 is filled in the pre-assembled closed chamber; damping is provided to the fastener through the flow of oil; the oil 6 cannot undergo chemical reactions such as mutual dissolution with the elastic unit 5; the oil 6 can be replaced by magnetorheological damping fluid; and better active vibration reduction performance can be achieved at medium and low frequencies.

[0045] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4 This embodiment retains the basic features of fasteners connecting and constraining the rails 11, bearing loads, and adjusting the geometry of the line. The rail support plate 1 is provided with mounting bosses 9 staggered in front and back or symmetrically in the left and right; the rail 11 presses the spring bar 13 in the middle of the mounting boss 9 through the T-bolt 12 to prevent the longitudinal and lateral displacement of the rail 11; the frame base 2 is staggered in front and back or symmetrically provided with limit baffles 8 to limit the torsion of the rail 11 caused by the lateral force of the wheel and rail when the train is running; the bottom plate 4 is provided with bosses 7 around the circumference to limit the vertical displacement of the rail 11, thereby preventing driving safety problems caused by fastener failure. The oil 6 is used as a load-bearing medium based on its incompressible nature to bear the train load. The bottom plate 4 is provided with an elliptical opening on the diagonal or around; and anti-skid teeth are provided above the opening; the anchor bolt 14 passes through the serrated block 15, the bottom plate 4 and the lower plate height adjustment pad 16 to connect the nylon sleeve 17; thereby the fastener is fixed to the sleeper 18; the track gauge is adjusted by adjusting the position of the serrated block 15; and the track height is adjusted by adjusting the height of the lower plate height adjustment pad 16.

[0046] Embodiment 2:

[0047] Reference Figure 5 A liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener is different from the first embodiment in that the damping is improved by setting a damping plate 19, so as to give full play to the vibration reduction effect of the present invention; the damping plate 19 divides the closed chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, which are connected through a plurality of damping holes 20, and an elastic unit 5 is placed in the upper chamber or the lower chamber; the track support plate 1 and the damping plate 19 move together, causing the volume of the upper and lower chambers to change, so that the oil 6 flows through the damping holes 20 to achieve energy dissipation.

[0048] Embodiment three:

[0049] Reference Figure 6 A liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener is different from the second embodiment in that a damping plate 19 is connected to a base plate 4, thereby dividing a sealed chamber into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the two layers are connected through a plurality of damping holes 20, and an elastic unit 5 is placed in the upper chamber or the lower chamber; the damping plate 19 is fixed, and the movement of the support plate 1 causes the volume of the upper and lower chambers to change, so that the oil 6 flows through the damping holes 20 to realize energy dissipation.

[0050] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the wheel-rail load caused by the unevenness of the wheel-rail is transmitted to the rail support plate 1 of the fastener through the rail 9; since the oil 6 is basically incompressible; it acts as a bearing medium to instantly transmit the oil pressure into the sealed chamber; causing the oil pressure in the chamber to rise or fall; causing the pressure gas in the elastic unit to contract or expand under the oil pressure as an elastic medium; storing elastic potential energy through the change of the volume and state of the elastic unit; the viscosity of the oil 6 acts as an energy-consuming medium to consume vibration energy through flow; thereby greatly isolating and consuming the vibration energy transmitted from the wheel-rail load to the foundation. Specifically, in the process of the train approaching and moving away from the fastener; the fastener is mainly subjected to the high-frequency small-load vibration caused by the rail 11; the initial low-rigidity part of the present invention is used for vibration isolation; when the train acts on the fastener; the fastener is mainly subjected to the low-frequency large-load impact of the wheel-rail; and the vibration energy is consumed by the large damping characteristics of the oil when it flows in the present invention.

[0051] The embodiments of this specific implementation method are all preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration damping fastener, characterized in that: The invention comprises a rail support plate (1), a frame base (2), a vulcanized rubber structure (3), a bottom plate (4), an elastic unit (5), and oil (6); the middle portion of the rail support plate (1) is recessed downward to form a rail support groove (101); the rail support plate (1) is sleeved inside the frame base (2) and is enclosed as a whole by the vulcanized rubber structure (3) to form an open cavity; the open cavity is filled with the elastic unit (5) and the oil (6), and is sealed and connected to the bottom plate (4).

2. A liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle portion of the rail support plate (1) is recessed downward to form a groove (101), so that the space at both ends of the open chamber is larger than the space of the open chamber at the bottom of the groove (101).

3. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rail support plate (1) is provided with a mounting boss (9), and a spring bar (13) is mounted on the mounting boss (9).

4. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limit stopper (8) is provided on the frame base (2).

5. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame base (2) is provided with a threaded hole, and the bottom of the base plate (4) is provided with a bolt hole, and the base plate (4) is sealed and connected to the bottom of the frame base (2) by bolts.

6. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vulcanized rubber structure (3) vulcanizes and bonds the rail support plate (1) and the frame base (2) to form an open cavity wrapped by rubber, and an extrusion sealing structure is arranged at the bottom of the vulcanized rubber structure (3).

7. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (4) is provided with an elliptical opening or a circular opening on a diagonal line or around the periphery for connecting to the rail sleeper (18).

8. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate (4) is provided with a boss (7) on its circumference, and the boss (7) is used to limit the vertical displacement of the steel rail (11).

9. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic unit (5) is an inflatable hollow rubber body or a composite elastic deformable object.

10. The liquid-gas hybrid rail vibration reduction fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that: A damping plate (19) is arranged in the open cavity, and a plurality of damping holes (20) are opened on the damping plate (19).

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