Small-radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight collinear railway

Abstract

The small-radius curve fastener structure is used in cooperation with a small-radius curve sleeper, a rail bearing groove is formed in the small-radius curve sleeper, a rail bearing platform is formed in the rail bearing groove, and blocking shoulders are arranged on the left side and the right side of the rail bearing platform; the small-radius curve fastener comprises a screw spike, a T-shaped bolt, an elastic strip, a gauge baffle, an insulating baffle seat, an under-rail backing plate and an under-rail heightening backing plate; the gauge aprons are mounted at the two retaining shoulders respectively, a steel rail mounting position is arranged between the two gauge aprons, and each gauge aprons is fixed by matching a screw spike pre-embedded in the concrete sleeper with a first fixing assembly; the steel rails are mounted at the steel rail mounting positions and are downwards provided with rail lower base plates; insulation baffle seats are arranged between the gauge baffles and the steel rails. The passenger and freight collinear small-radius curve fastener is reasonable in design, simple in structure and more convenient to mount and dismount, and the problems that an existing passenger and freight collinear small-radius curve fastener is small in adjustment amount and inconvenient to maintain can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of railway engineering, and in particular relates to a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger-freight co-line railway. Background Art

[0002] In the field of rail transit, whether it is the design, construction and operation of high-speed railways, conventional railways, heavy-duty freight railways, or urban rail transit, curved tracks are more complicated than straight tracks in terms of structural strength, material selection, line construction and operation and maintenance. In particular, railway lines with a curve radius of less than 600m have higher requirements for infrastructure and structural components.

[0003] Traditional track construction methods use ordinary sleeper skeleton structures for both straight and curved tracks. Due to the particularity of curved tracks, ordinary sleepers and track fasteners are difficult to meet the requirements of small radius curves, which may cause vehicle vertical balance problems, twisting and slipping, resulting in difficult-to-eliminate operating accidents and hidden dangers. In the past, track construction standards required the use of wooden sleeper structures for a long time. Since the implementation of the "Railway Line Repair Rules" on October 1, 2006, the regulation that concrete sleepers should not be laid on curved sections with a radius of less than 300m has been cancelled. The laying of concrete sleepers on small radius curve lines has been expanded. However, in the early days of using concrete sleepers, either ordinary line sleepers and fastener accessories were used directly, resulting in a large workload for curve maintenance, a short service life, and some sections had to be replaced with wooden sleepers; or modified experimental small-radius sleepers were used. Although the requirements for widening the curve gauge can be met after the modification of the small-radius curve concrete sleepers and fasteners, there are still special diseases that occur after the use of small-radius curve fasteners: the concrete sleeper shoulder is squeezed and the gauge cannot be maintained, the rail bearing groove is crushed and worn, resulting in a small rail inversion, poor gauge maintenance, fastener spring bars and bolts are broken, and the workload of maintenance is large, which seriously affects the frame strength and service life of the track.

[0004] Small radius curves on passenger-freight railways mainly refer to lines with a maximum axle weight of 25t and a curve radius of less than 600m. According to incomplete statistics from various railway bureaus, the length of existing small radius curves in my country currently exceeds 12,000 kilometers. Due to the large lateral force of the wheel and rail in small radius curves and the large amount of rail overturning, the damage to the rails, sleepers and fasteners on site is serious. Especially in recent years, with the sharp increase in transportation volume and the continuous increase in train axle weight, the degree of damage to sleepers and fasteners has also become increasingly serious, and the disease of small radius curves has become prominent. Small radius curves have become one of the weakest links in my country's track structure and the top priority in line maintenance work. Therefore, the existing small radius curve sleepers and fasteners have seriously restricted and hindered the normal operation of my country's existing railway lines and the construction and development of passenger-freight railways.

[0005] In the past 20 years, domestic railway bureaus have also developed a variety of sleepers and fasteners to address the above problems, but they have problems such as poor versatility, easy damage to the rail pads and baffle seats, difficulty in on-site installation and adjustment, and high costs. The maintenance of small-radius curves on passenger-freight shared railways is still one of the most difficult problems for the engineering and maintenance departments of various railway bureaus. Therefore, it is very necessary and urgent to thoroughly and effectively solve the problems existing in small-radius curves and systematically and comprehensively carry out the research and development of sleepers and fasteners for small-radius curves.

[0006] Based on the summary and analysis of the application experience of existing sleepers and fasteners, this application conducts a comprehensive analysis and study on the wheel-rail relationship of small radius curves, and systematically carries out experimental research on sleepers and fasteners of small radius curves to ensure the stability of the line track geometry and extend the service life of sleepers and fasteners, and effectively reduce the workload of maintenance and repair of small radius curves.

[0007] After research and development, the applicant has developed a new small-radius curve fastener for use with small-radius concrete sleepers. It is an elastic split fastener that can provide a larger lateral bearing capacity of the track, and has a simple structure and is easy to install and disassemble. It has made great improvements in ensuring the stability of the track structure and reducing maintenance workload. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger-freight co-line railway.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned invention object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: A small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight co-line railways, the small radius curve fastener structure is used in conjunction with a small radius curve sleeper, a rail bearing groove is provided on the small radius curve sleeper, a rail bearing platform is formed in the rail bearing groove, and shoulders are provided on the left and right sides of the rail bearing platform; Small radius curve fasteners include spiral spikes, T-bolts, spring bars, gauge baffles, insulating baffle seats and rail pads; Gauge baffles are installed at the two shoulder positions respectively, and a rail installation position is set between the two gauge baffles. Each gauge baffle is fixed by a spiral spike pre-buried in the concrete sleeper in conjunction with a first fixing assembly; The rails are installed at the rail installation position, and rail pads are provided under the rails; an insulating baffle seat is provided between the gauge baffle and the rails; A spring bar positioning groove is arranged at the upper end of the rear part of the gauge baffle, and a T-bolt mounting hole is arranged in the middle part of the gauge baffle. The T-bolt is inserted from the bottom of the gauge baffle, and the head of the spring bar is pressed against the rail through the insulating baffle seat. The T-bolt is inserted into the middle arch position and fixed by the second fixing component, and the tail part falls into the spring bar positioning groove of the gauge baffle.

[0010] Furthermore, the first fixing component is a spring washer and a cap nut; the second fixing component is a flat washer and a nut.

[0011] Furthermore, the small radius curve sleeper is made of concrete, and the shoulder angle is 110°.

[0012] Furthermore, the head of the gauge baffle is a vertical section, which is used to cooperate with the insulating baffle seat to install and fix the rail; the tail of the gauge baffle is a slope section, which is used to cooperate with the shoulder of the small radius curve sleeper; A T-bolt mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the gauge baffle, and the T-bolt is inserted from the bottom. A T-slot matching the T-stage of the T-bolt hole is arranged at the bottom of the T-bolt mounting hole, and the upper part of the T-bolt mounting hole is a circular bolt hole. Two spiral spike holes are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the middle part of the gauge baffle, and the upper end of the spiral spike hole is a sunken fixing platform, and the fixing platform is used to fasten the first fixing assembly; An arc groove is arranged at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle as a spring bar landing groove for supporting the tail of the spring bar.

[0013] Furthermore, the main body of the insulating baffle seat is formed by connecting an inclined surface body and a vertical surface body, and the angle between the inclined surface body and the vertical surface body is consistent with the inclination angle of the upper edge of the bottom surface of the rail; The tail end of the facade body is an insulating baffle seat rectangular groove, and the front and rear positions of the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove are insulating baffle seat claws; the vertical section of the gauge baffle is located in the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove and is tightly attached to the facade body, and the two insulating baffle seat claws are clamped on the outside of the vertical section of the gauge baffle.

[0014] Furthermore, the front and rear sides of the rail pad are respectively provided with rail pad claws, which extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the rail pad, so that the rail pad forms a rail pad rectangular groove on the left and right sides, and the rail pad rectangular groove is clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the gauge baffle; at the same time, a reserved installation space for the insulating baffle seat is reserved between the rectangular groove of the rail pad and the gauge baffle, and the bottom of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat is deep into the reserved installation space; The clamping claws of the rail pad protrude downward from the rail pad in the height direction, and the clamping claws of the rail pad are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail bearing platform of the small radius curve sleeper.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a rail height adjustment pad, which is located below the rail pad and directly contacts the rail supporting platform; the rail pad cooperates with the rail height adjustment pad and does not directly contact the rail supporting platform.

[0016] Furthermore, the front and rear sides of the under-rail height adjustment pad are respectively provided with under-rail height adjustment pad claws, and the under-rail height adjustment pad claws extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the under-rail height adjustment pad, so that the under-rail height adjustment pad forms a under-rail height adjustment pad rectangular groove on the left and right sides, and the under-rail height adjustment pad rectangular groove is clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the track gauge baffle; The clamping claws of the height-adjusting pad under the rail protrude downward from the height-adjusting pad under the rail in the height direction, and the clamping claws of the height-adjusting pad under the rail are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail-bearing platform of the small-radius curve sleeper.

[0017] Furthermore, a through-length clamping groove is provided on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the under-rail height adjustment pad, and the clamping claws of the under-rail pad are clamped in the clamping groove of the under-rail height adjustment pad.

[0018] Furthermore, the spiral spike is composed of two parts, the upper part is a threaded part, and the lower part is a pre-buried anchoring part.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention has reasonable design, simple structure, and convenient installation and disassembly, and can solve the problem that the existing small-radius curve track fasteners are seriously damaged and inconvenient to repair.

[0020] 2. The gauge baffle of the present invention serves to connect the sleeper and the rail. The gauge baffle is provided with a spiral spike hole and a T-bolt hole. The front and rear spiral spike holes are connected with the spiral spikes through cap nuts to fix the gauge baffle to the sleeper. The purpose of the double bolt hole design is: first, to fix the gauge baffle in a limited space, and second, to give the gauge baffle a greater fastening force (double the force of fastening with one spike, and the force is more dispersed and uniform), ensuring that the gauge baffle does not move or float under the action of a large track lateral force. The T-bolt hole is inserted into the T-bolt with a flat washer and a nut to fix the spring bar and the rail.

[0021] The track gauge baffle in the present invention is of split design, with one on each side of the rail. Its removal and replacement do not require lifting the rail (lifting the track), but can be completed by removing the fixed spiral spikes, so installation and removal are convenient and quick.

[0022] 3. The lower part of the gauge baffle in the present invention adopts a suspended design. The suspended design is to prevent ballast track slag and dust from accumulating in the gap between the bolt holes of the gauge baffle. Under the action of rainwater, the mud and sand will compact and wrap around the spiral spikes to cause corrosion. The upper part of the gauge baffle has a process weight reduction hole, which is connected to the lower part in the air, and can effectively avoid mud and sand deposition.

[0023] 4. The track gauge baffles of the present invention are of multiple models, and different models have different overall lengths. Different models of insulating baffle seats are used to facilitate left and right adjustment of the track gauge, and a larger left and right adjustment amount of the track gauge can be achieved (+32mm to -32mm).

[0024] The rail height adjustment pad under the present invention is placed between the rail pad under the rail and the rail sleeper bearing rail surface to play a height adjustment role; the rail height adjustment pad under the rail has various specifications, the height adjustment amount can reach 20mm, and the adjustment range is 1mm.

[0025] 5. The middle rail bottom pad of the present invention is provided with grooves on the upper and lower surfaces, and the grooves on the upper and lower surfaces are alternately arranged in the front-to-back direction, which can meet the requirements of stiffness and elasticity at the same time, and play a role in adjusting the static stiffness of the fastener and shock absorption.

[0026] The rail underlay plate of the present invention is designed with a downwardly protruding claw structure, which can be clamped on both sides of the rail underlay plate to ensure that the rail underlay plate has a certain ability to prevent longitudinal creeping.

[0027] 6. The rail height adjustment pad under the present invention is designed with downwardly protruding claws, which can be clamped on both sides of the rail bearing groove boss of the concrete sleeper to ensure that the rail pad under the rail has a certain ability to prevent longitudinal creeping.

[0028] The rail height adjustment pad is provided with a slope-shaped slot at the end of the upper surface. The size of the slope is the same as the slope of the rail supporting platform. The purpose is to ensure the installation of the rail pad after the height adjustment pad is inserted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the assembly of the passenger-cargo collinear small-radius curve fastener in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is an assembly top view of a passenger-cargo colinear small-radius curve fastener according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Middle A-A section schematic diagram; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Middle partial enlarged picture; Figure 5 is a three-dimensional diagram of a track gauge baffle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a top view of a track gauge baffle according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Middle B-B section diagram; Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the C-C section; Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 Middle D-D section schematic diagram; Fig.10 is a three-dimensional diagram of an insulating baffle seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 is a top view of an insulating baffle seat in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 is a front view of an insulating baffle seat in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 The three-dimensional shape of the rail pad in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Fig.14 The three-dimensional shape of the rail pad in the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Fig.15 is a top view of a rail pad according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.16 1 is a left side view of the rail pad according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.17 is a top view of the height-adjusting pad in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.18 It is a left view of the height-adjusting pad in the embodiment of the present invention; Fig.19 yes Fig.17 A partial enlarged view of point E in the middle; Fig. 20 This is a front view of a spiral spike in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.21 is a three-dimensional diagram of a spiral spike in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 22 is a three-dimensional diagram of the spring bar in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.23 is a top view of the spring bar in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.24 is a FF cross-sectional view of the spring bar in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.25 is a three-dimensional diagram of a T-bolt in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.26 It is a front view of a T-bolt in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] The drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and should not be construed as limitations on this patent. In order to better illustrate this embodiment, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present invention. In this article, the left-right direction is the transverse direction; the extension direction of the rail, that is, the front-back direction is the longitudinal direction.

[0032] Embodiment 1: like Figures 1 to 26 As shown, this embodiment discloses a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger-freight shared railway. The small-radius curve fastener structure is used in conjunction with a small-radius curve sleeper 13. The small-radius curve sleeper 13 is in concrete form. A rail bearing groove is provided on the small-radius curve sleeper. A rail bearing platform is formed in the rail bearing groove. The left and right sides of the rail bearing platform are shoulders. The shoulder angle is reduced to 110° compared to 120° of an ordinary line.

[0033] The small radius curve fastener structure includes a T-bolt 2, a nut 3, a flat washer 4, a spring bar 5, a gauge baffle 6, a rail pad 7, a rail height adjustment pad 8, an insulating baffle seat 9, a cap nut 10, a heavy spring washer 11 and a spiral spike 12.

[0034] The two shoulder blocks are respectively provided with gauge baffles 6, and the middle position of the two gauge baffles 6 is the rail installation position for installing the rail 1, and the rail 1 extends in the front-rear direction. An insulating baffle seat 9 is provided between the gauge baffle 6 and the rail 1, and a rail underlay plate 7 and a rail underlay height adjustment plate 8 are provided between the rail 1 and the rail support platform from top to bottom, and the rail underlay height adjustment plate 8 is in contact with the rail support platform.

[0035] The spring bar 5 is W-shaped as a whole, and is an integrated structure with smooth transitions in various parts. The two outward extensions of the W-shape serve as the tail 51, which is bent downward and matched with the gauge baffle 6. The two inward extensions of the W-shape serve as the head 52, which is bent downward and matched with the insulating baffle seat 9. The middle part 53 is connected to the head 52 and the tail 51, and the middle part 53 is arched upward, and there are gaps with equal spacing at the arched position of the middle part 53, which is used to insert T-bolts to press the spring bar 5 down and fix it.

[0036] The two head portions 51 of the spring bar 5 have extension sections extending toward the midline position, and the extension sections are tilted downwards to facilitate cooperation with the mounting positions 91 on the insulating baffle seat 9, thereby ensuring a compacting effect and preventing the spring bar from falling off easily.

[0037] The lower jaw 54 of the middle head end of the spring bar 5 is slightly higher than the tail 51 of the spring bar, so that after the spring bar is assembled, a gap can be formed between the lower jaw 54 of the middle head end of the spring bar 5 and the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat, and the gap should not be greater than 1 mm.

[0038] During installation, the head 52 of the spring bar 5 is pressed against the rail through the insulating baffle seat 9, the middle part 53 is inserted into the arched position by a T-bolt and fixed by a flat washer and a nut, and the tail 51 falls into the spring bar positioning groove of the track gauge baffle 6.

[0039] The specific structure of the gauge baffle 6 is as follows: The gauge baffle 6 adopts a trapezoidal structure and is made of QT450-10. The cast iron material is used to increase the resistance of the small radius curve fastener to the lateral force and prevent the gauge baffle from being deformed and damaged under the action of a large rail lateral force.

[0040] The head of the gauge baffle 6 is a vertical section 61, which is used to match the insulating baffle seat 9 to install and fix the rail 1. The height of the vertical section meets the requirement of rail height adjustment. The tail end of the gauge baffle 6 is a slope section 62, and the angle of the slope section 62 is 110°, which is used to match the shoulder of the small radius concrete sleeper 13. The purpose of the slope section is also to increase the resistance of the small radius curve fastener to the lateral force, and prevent the gauge baffle from moving up under the action of the larger rail lateral force.

[0041] An arc groove 63 is provided at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle 6 to support the tail 51 of the spring bar 5. The radius of the arc groove 63 is slightly larger than the radius of the spring bar, and the shape of the arc groove is a full-length design. The arc length of the arc groove cannot be too long, and the spring bar can be supported. The opening angle of the arc groove is open to the head end and rises at a small angle, so as to provide the spring bar with force support toward the rail side and upward, but the lower end of the tail of the spring bar cannot interfere with the gauge baffle under stress, so as to prevent the tail of the spring bar from generating contact stress under stress deformation, resulting in stress fatigue damage.

[0042] Two spiral spike holes 68 and a fixing platform 64 are respectively arranged at the front and rear positions of the middle of the gauge baffle 6. The purpose of the two spiral spike holes is to provide a stronger installation and fastening force for the gauge baffle 6 to ensure that the gauge baffle does not shift or float under the action of a larger lateral force of the rail. The spiral spike holes are used to pass the spiral spikes 12, and the heavy spring washers 11 and the cap nuts 10 are used to firmly connect the gauge baffle 6 and the concrete sleeper 13 together. The gauge baffle 6 is fixed with a cap nut 10 and a heavy spring washer 11, the purpose of which is to ensure that the threaded portion of the bolt is not corroded in rainy and snowy weather and to increase the service life of the bolt.

[0043] The fixed platform 64 is used to fasten the heavy spring washers 11 and the cap nuts 10. The height of the platform is designed to be above 1 / 3 of the overall height of the gauge baffle. The purpose is to leave enough space for the installation of the spring bars and to ensure that the force on the gauge baffle is exactly at the maximum position where the rail acts on the gauge baffle, so as to avoid unbalanced loading and cause the gauge baffle to tip over.

[0044] The spiral spike hole 68 is an oblong hole extending in the front-to-back direction. One of the purposes is to provide a certain installation gap for the gauge baffle to prevent the gauge baffle from being unable to be installed due to insufficient embedding accuracy of the pre-embedded bolts of the sleeper, and to facilitate the installation when the anchoring position of the spiral spike 12 is deviated. The second purpose of the oblong hole is to ensure that the gauge baffle can ensure that rainwater can be discharged from the gap of the oblong hole on rainy days to prevent the cast iron gauge baffle and the bolts and nuts from rusting.

[0045] A recess 66 is provided in the middle of the head end of the gauge baffle to provide space for the middle limb of the spring clip to bend downward under force, so as to ensure that the head end of the middle limb of the spring clip can reach the insulating baffle seat. The recessed part and the upper part of the T-shaped hole are smoothly transitioned to ensure that the gauge baffle does not have structural defects in the middle. The width of the recess is slightly wider than the head end of the middle limb of the spring clip, and the depth of the recess is to ensure that the head end 54 of the middle limb of the spring clip can sink smoothly when the fastener is not adjusted, and to ensure that the lower jaw 54 of the head end of the middle limb can reach the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat.

[0046] The two tail portions 51 (outward extension portions) of the spring bar 5 are respectively engaged in the arc groove 63 at the tail portion of the gauge baffle 6 , and the head portion 52 (inward extension portion) of the spring bar 5 is pressed onto the rail through the insulating baffle seat groove 91 .

[0047] A T-bolt mounting hole 65 is provided in the middle of the gauge baffle 6 near the head end, and the T-bolt 2 is inserted from the bottom. A T-slot 610 matching the T-stage of the T-bolt hole is provided at the bottom of the T-bolt mounting hole 65, and the upper part of the T-bolt mounting hole 65 is a circular bolt hole.

[0048] The lower end of the T-bolt 2 is fixed with a protrusion 21 extending forward and backward, the middle part is a bare rod part 22, and the upper part is a threaded part 23. The protrusion 21 of the T-bolt 2 is engaged and snapped into the inverted T-slot 610 of the gauge baffle 6, and the upper end of the T-bolt 2 extends out of the upper circular hole 65 of the T-slot of the gauge baffle and exceeds the spring bar 5. At the same time, the upper end of the T-bolt 2 is provided with a locking nut 3 and a matching flat washer 4 to press the spring bar 5 downward, thereby pressing the rail.

[0049] Since the T-slot 610 is located at the bottom of the gauge baffle 6, and the T-slot 610 is connected to the upper circular hole 65 at its T-shaped top, the T-bolt 2 needs to be completely inserted into the gauge baffle 6 from bottom to top to complete the connection and installation with the gauge baffle. The gauge baffle 6 must be disassembled to install and remove the T-bolt.

[0050] Weight-reducing process grooves are arranged at the head, tail and lower part of the gauge baffle 6, and a process weight-reducing hole 67 is arranged in the middle part near the arc groove 63. The purpose of arranging the process weight-reducing grooves and the process weight-reducing hole 67 is to reduce the weight of the casting body. A through hole is arranged at the bottom of the process weight-reducing hole 67 to prevent rainwater from accumulating in the hole and causing rust on the casting.

[0051] The lower part of the gauge baffle 6 is suspended, and its height is 5mm. The suspension design is to prevent the accumulation of ballast track slag and dust in the gap between the gauge baffle bolt holes, and the sand and mud will be compacted and wrap around the spiral spikes to corrode them under the action of rainwater, etc. The process weight reduction hole 67 is connected to the lower suspension, which can effectively avoid the sediment deposition.

[0052] The specific structure of the spiral spike 12 is as follows: The spiral spike 12 consists of two parts, the upper part is a threaded part 121, and the lower part is a pre-buried anchoring part 122. The spiral spike 12 is made of cold heading steel ML20MnTiB that can be used for cold forging.

[0053] The threaded portion 121 is a standard M24 triangular thread, and the length of the threaded portion is not too long, and can be used to meet the requirements of track gauge baffle installation and overall height adjustment.

[0054] The embedded anchoring part 122 is provided with an anti-skid step 123. The shape of the anti-skid step 123 is that a rectangular plane is milled and cold-pressed at intervals on the surface of the columnar surface of the spike. The width of the rectangular plane is 1 / 2 of the diameter of the spike. The rectangular planes are evenly distributed along the length direction of the spike. The anti-skid step is symmetrical front to back and left to right. The front to back and left to right are staggered in the length direction. The face-to-face distance between the rectangular planes shall not be less than the minimum diameter of the spike.

[0055] The spiral spike is provided with a transition section 124 between the threaded portion 121 and the embedded anchoring portion 122; the width of the transition section 124 can be the width of a general machined back cutter groove, and the diameter of the transition section 124 shall not be less than the thread minor diameter.

[0056] A spike platform 125 is arranged on the top of the embedded anchoring part, and the spike platform 125 is ensured to be flush with the rail bearing platform during anchoring.

[0057] The specific structure of the insulating baffle seat 9 is as follows: The main body of the insulating baffle seat 9 is formed by connecting an inclined surface body 96 and a vertical surface body 93. The angle between the inclined surface body 96 and the vertical surface body 93 is consistent with the inclination angle of the upper edge of the bottom surface of the rail. The insulating baffle seat 9 is made of glass fiber polyamide PA66.

[0058] The rear end of the facade body 93 is an insulating baffle seat rectangular groove, and the front and rear positions of the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove are insulating baffle seat claws 95. The internal width between the two insulating baffle seat claws 95, that is, the width of the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove, must be slightly wider than the width of the gauge baffle vertical section 61. During installation, the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle is located in the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove and is closely attached to the facade body 93, and the two insulating baffle seat claws 95 are clamped on the outside of the gauge baffle vertical section 61. This ensures that the rail will not move when a longitudinal force is generated, and the claw height must be less than the facade height to ensure the installation space reserved for the rail pad.

[0059] At the same time, the bottom 94 of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat 9 extends downward into the space between the rail bottom plate 7 and the gauge baffle 6 .

[0060] The upper surface of the insulating baffle seat 9 is provided with a mounting position 91 for the spring bar head 52, the depth of which is slightly lower than the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat (not exceeding 2 mm), the width of which is slightly larger than the diameter of the spring bar, and the direction of the plane is consistent with the projection surface direction of the spring bar head during installation, in order to ensure the accuracy of the lateral and longitudinal position of the spring bar without affecting the force of the middle limb installation.

[0061] The specific structure of the rail height adjustment pad 8 is as follows: The height-adjusting pad 8 under the rail is not a completely flat plate, but has grooves on both sides in the horizontal direction and is a channel steel type as a whole in the vertical direction, and is made of polyethylene.

[0062] The front and rear sides of the under-rail height adjustment pad 8 are respectively provided with under-rail height adjustment pad claws 82, which extend front and rear in the length direction and exceed the under-rail height adjustment pad 8, so that the under-rail height adjustment pad rectangular grooves 81 are formed on the left and right sides of the under-rail height adjustment pad 8, and the under-rail height adjustment pad rectangular grooves 81 are clamped on the outer side of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle 6 to ensure that the gauge baffle does not slip in the longitudinal direction.

[0063] The under-rail height adjustment pad claw 82 protrudes downward from the under-rail height adjustment pad 8 in the height direction. During installation, the under-rail height adjustment pad claw 82 is clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail supporting platform of the small radius curve sleeper to ensure that the under-rail height adjustment pad 8 has a certain ability to prevent longitudinal creeping.

[0064] A through-length card slot 83 is provided on the front and rear sides of the upper surface of the under-rail height adjustment pad 8. The card slot 83 is in the form of a slope, and the size of the slope is the same as the size of the slopes on both sides of the rail supporting platform. The card slot 83 is used to cooperate with the claws of the under-rail pad 7 to ensure the installation of the under-rail pad 7 after the under-rail height adjustment pad 8 is inserted.

[0065] The specific structure of the rail pad 7 is as follows: The rail underlay plate 7 is not a completely flat plate, but has grooves on both sides in the transverse direction and is a channel steel type in the longitudinal direction as a whole, and is made of rubber.

[0066] The front and rear sides of the rail pad 7 are respectively provided with rail pad claws 74, which extend front and rear in the length direction and exceed the rail pad 7, so that the rail pad rectangular grooves 73 are formed on the left and right sides of the rail pad 7, and the rail pad rectangular grooves 73 are clamped on the outer side of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle 6; at the same time, a reserved installation space for the insulating baffle seat 9 is reserved between the rail pad rectangular groove 73 and the gauge baffle 6, and the bottom 94 of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat 9 is deep in the reserved installation space (that is, the rail pad rectangular groove 73).

[0067] The rail pad claw 74 protrudes downward from the rail pad 7 in the height direction, and the rail pad claw 74 is engaged with the grooves 83 on the front and rear sides of the rail height adjustment pad to ensure that it does not slip in the longitudinal direction.

[0068] The upper surface and the lower surface of the rail pad 7 are respectively provided with through-length grooves 71 and 72. The grooves on the upper and lower surfaces are arranged in a staggered manner to provide the rail pad with necessary elasticity while ensuring the necessary strength of the rail pad.

[0069] In this embodiment, the gauge baffle is divided into 5 specifications, namely 7, 9, 10, 11, and 13. Normally, the gauge baffle No. 10 is used. The insulating baffle seat is divided into 5 specifications, namely 2, 5, 7, 9, and 12. By replacing different gauge baffles and insulating baffle seats, a single rail can be adjusted by +16mm to -16mm, and two rails can achieve a gauge adjustment of +32mm to -32mm, and the adjustment range is 1mm.

[0070] In this embodiment, the height adjustment pad 8 under the rail has a variety of thickness specifications, including 1mm, 2mm, 5mm, and 10mm, which can adjust the height by up to 20mm. The height adjustment pad 8 under the rail can be overlapped and used, and no more than two pieces can be used at a time.

[0071] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a method for installing a small-radius curve fastener structure for an existing passenger-freight railway, and the installation is specifically performed in the following order.

[0072] (1) Prepare the corresponding fastener parts such as spring bars 5, T-bolts 2, flat washers 4, nuts 3, rail pads 7, rail height adjustment pads 8, and gauge baffles 6. Note that the gauge baffle should be No. 10. Prepare other types of gauge baffles in appropriate quantities in case the gauge needs to be adjusted. Prepare several types of rail height adjustment pads in appropriate quantities in case the gauge needs to be adjusted.

[0073] (2) Check whether the sleeper shoulder is damaged, check the embedded depth of the embedded spiral spike 12, that is, whether the top surface of the spike platform 125 is flush with the surface of the sleeper rail platform, whether the embedded position of the spike is correct, whether there is any skewness or thread damage. Check whether there are impurities such as sand on the sleeper rail surface.

[0074] (3) Insert the T-bolt 2 into the T-slot 610 of the gauge baffle from bottom to top, and then place the gauge baffle 6 in the rail support groove of the sleeper. When installing, align the center of the oblong hole of the gauge baffle 6 with the center of the spiral spike 12 and lower it; the inclined surface of the slope section 62 on the gauge baffle 6 is in close contact with the inclined surface of the sleeper shoulder, and the bottom foot of the gauge baffle 6 is in close contact with the rail support platform of the sleeper.

[0075] (4) Grease the upper threaded portion 121 of the spiral spike, insert the heavy spring washer 11, put on the cap nut 10, and tighten it by hand.

[0076] (5) Lay the rail pad 7. The rail pad should be placed between the two gauge baffles 6. The claws 74 of the rail pad should be tightly engaged with the edge of the rail sleeper bearing rail groove boss, and the rectangular groove of the rail pad should be stuck on the outside of the vertical section of the gauge baffle 6.

[0077] (6) Remove impurities such as mud and sand from the bottom of the rail, place the rail on the rail pad 7, and align the center of the bottom surface of the rail with the rail pad 7.

[0078] (7) Install an insulating baffle seat 9 of appropriate specifications between the rail and the gauge baffle according to the configuration table. Normally, use No. 7 insulating baffle seat. Press the inclined surface 96 of the insulating baffle seat against the rail. Make the vertical surface 93 of the insulating baffle seat fit tightly against the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle. The external claws of the insulating baffle seat are clamped against the outer side of the vertical section 61 of the gauge baffle. The vertical bottom 94 of the insulating baffle seat is inserted into the rectangular groove of the rail pad.

[0079] (8) Check the track gauge and track direction. After confirming that it is suitable, install the spring clip 5 so that the tail 51 of the spring clip falls into the arc groove 63 at the tail of the gauge baffle, and the head 52 of the spring clip is tightly fastened with the installation position 91 of the insulating baffle seat. The upper threaded part 23 of the T-bolt should be lubricated before installation. Insert the flat washer and tighten the nut with a wrench with controllable torque so that the gap between the lower jaw 54 of the middle head end of the spring clip 5 and the upper surface 92 of the insulating baffle seat should not be greater than 1 mm. The reference torque is (100~140)Nm, which should not be too tight or too loose. Then tighten the cap nut 10 with a torque of (200~250)Nm to fix the gauge baffle 6.

[0080] (9) Where height adjustment is required, install the height adjustment pad 8 under the gauge baffle.

[0081] The small-radius curve fastener for existing passenger-freight railways of this embodiment is reasonably designed, simple in structure, and more convenient to install and disassemble, and can solve the problems of small adjustment amount and inconvenient maintenance in existing small-radius curve fasteners for passenger-freight railways.

[0082] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate rather than limit the technical solutions of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention can still be modified or replaced by equivalents. Any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0083] If the words "first", "second", etc. are used in this document to limit components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" and "second" is only to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning.

[0084] In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “lateral”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0085] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railways, Features: The small radius curve fastener structure is used in conjunction with the small radius curve sleeper. The small radius curve sleeper is provided with a rail bearing groove, a rail bearing platform is formed in the rail bearing groove, and the left and right sides of the rail bearing platform are shoulders; Small radius curve fasteners include spiral spikes, T-bolts, spring bars, gauge baffles, insulating baffle seats and rail pads; Gauge baffles are installed at the two shoulder positions respectively, and a rail installation position is set between the two gauge baffles. Each gauge baffle is fixed by a spiral spike pre-buried in the concrete sleeper in conjunction with a first fixing assembly; The rails are installed at the rail installation position, and rail pads are provided under the rails; an insulating baffle seat is provided between the gauge baffle and the rails; A spring bar positioning groove is arranged at the upper end of the rear part of the gauge baffle, and a T-bolt mounting hole is arranged in the middle part of the gauge baffle. The T-bolt is inserted from the bottom of the gauge baffle, and the head of the spring bar is pressed against the rail through the insulating baffle seat. The T-bolt is inserted into the middle arch position and fixed by the second fixing component, and the tail part falls into the spring bar positioning groove of the gauge baffle.

2. According to the existing passenger-freight railway small radius curve fastener structure of claim 1, Features: The first fixing component is a spring washer and a cap nut; the second fixing component is a flat washer and a nut.

3. According to the existing passenger-freight railway small radius curve fastener structure of claim 1, Features: The small radius curve sleeper is made of concrete, and the shoulder angle is 110°.

4. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railway according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Features: The head of the gauge baffle is a vertical section, which is used to cooperate with the insulating baffle seat to install and fix the rail; the tail of the gauge baffle is a slope section, which is used to cooperate with the shoulder of the small radius curve sleeper; A T-bolt mounting hole is arranged in the middle of the gauge baffle, and the T-bolt is inserted from the bottom. A T-slot matching the T-stage of the T-bolt hole is arranged at the bottom of the T-bolt mounting hole, and the upper part of the T-bolt mounting hole is a circular bolt hole. Two spiral spike holes are respectively arranged at the front and rear of the middle part of the gauge baffle, and the upper end of the spiral spike hole is a sunken fixing platform, and the fixing platform is used to fasten the first fixing assembly; An arc groove is arranged at the upper end of the tail of the gauge baffle as a spring bar landing groove for supporting the tail of the spring bar.

5. According to claim 4, the small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railways, Features: The main body of the insulating baffle seat is formed by connecting an inclined surface body and a vertical surface body, and the angle between the inclined surface body and the vertical surface body is consistent with the inclination angle of the upper edge of the bottom surface of the rail; The tail end of the facade body is an insulating baffle seat rectangular groove, and the front and rear positions of the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove are insulating baffle seat claws; the vertical section of the gauge baffle is located in the insulating baffle seat rectangular groove and is tightly attached to the facade body, and the two insulating baffle seat claws are clamped on the outside of the vertical section of the gauge baffle.

6. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railway according to claim 5, Features: The front and rear sides of the rail pad are respectively provided with rail pad claws, which extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the rail pad, so that the rail pad forms a rail pad rectangular groove on the left and right sides, and the rail pad rectangular groove is clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the gauge baffle; at the same time, a reserved installation space for the insulating baffle seat is reserved between the rectangular groove of the rail pad and the gauge baffle, and the bottom of the vertical body of the insulating baffle seat is deeply inside the reserved installation space; The clamping claws of the rail pad protrude downward from the rail pad in the height direction, and the clamping claws of the rail pad are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail bearing platform of the small radius curve sleeper.

7. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railway according to claim 6, Features: It also includes an under-rail height adjustment pad, which is located below the under-rail pad and directly contacts the rail supporting platform; the under-rail pad cooperates with the under-rail height adjustment pad and does not directly contact the rail supporting platform.

8. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railway according to claim 7, Features: The front and rear sides of the under-rail height adjustment pad are respectively provided with under-rail height adjustment pad claws, which extend forward and backward in the length direction and exceed the under-rail height adjustment pad, so that the under-rail height adjustment pad forms under-rail height adjustment pad rectangular grooves on the left and right sides, and the under-rail height adjustment pad rectangular grooves are clamped on the outer side of the vertical section of the track gauge baffle; The clamping claws of the height-adjusting pad under the rail protrude downward from the height-adjusting pad under the rail in the height direction, and the clamping claws of the height-adjusting pad under the rail are clamped on the front and rear sides of the rail-bearing platform of the small-radius curve sleeper.

9. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railway according to claim 8, Features: The front and rear sides of the upper surface of the under-rail height adjustment pad are provided with through-length clamping grooves, and the clamping claws of the under-rail pad are clamped in the clamping grooves of the under-rail height adjustment pad.

10. The small radius curve fastener structure for existing passenger and freight railway according to claim 1, Features: The spiral spike is composed of two parts, the upper part is a threaded part, and the lower part is a pre-buried anchoring part.

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