Heavy-load running (parking) vehicle roof structure and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a heavy-load traveling (parking) vehicle roof structure and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering structure construction. The roof structure comprises a surface layer, an isolation layer, a waterproof layer, a foam concrete heat preservation layer and a roof structure layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The surface layer comprises a sealing layer and a steel fiber concrete layer, and the sealing layer is a high-wear-resistance polyurethane antiskid surface layer; the foam concrete heat preservation layer can improve the heat preservation and waterproofness of the roof structure; the waterproof layer can be a two-layer waterproof coiled material, and can also be a waterproof coiled material and a waterproof coating layer. According to the construction method, construction is sequentially conducted according to the arrangement sequence of the roof structure from bottom to top, the roof structure layer is arranged to be a slope to replace a slope making layer, roof slope making materials are reduced, and the construction cost of the roof structure is reduced. The steel fiber reinforced concrete layer is arranged as the surface layer, so that the problem that the surface layer of the traveling crane roof structure is insufficient in rigidity is solved, and the water seepage risk is reduced by combining the high-abrasion-resistance polyurethane anti-skid surface layer and the steel fiber reinforced concrete layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering structure construction, and relates to a heavy-loaded vehicle (parking) roof structure and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the modern logistics industry, multi-storey high-standard warehouses have become key facilities for improving storage efficiency and logistics speed. Especially in high-cold areas, such warehouses must not only withstand the test of harsh climatic conditions, but also meet the growing demand for logistics and transportation. In recent years, with the rise of e-commerce and cold chain logistics, it has become increasingly common for multi-storey warehouse roofs in high-cold areas to carry heavy-loaded commercial trucks (axle weights ranging from 10t to 16t) for driving and parking. This change has put forward higher requirements on the structural performance of warehouse roofs, especially in terms of reliability, durability and economy.

[0003] Traditionally, the design of driving (parking) roofs mainly refers to standard atlases such as "12J201 Flat Roof Building Structure" and "14J936 Expansion Joint Building Structure", which provide the basic framework and guiding ideology for roof construction. However, in practical applications, especially in high-cold environments that need to carry heavy-loaded vehicles, traditional practices have many limitations. Specifically, in order to enhance the thermal insulation performance of the roof, 50 mm or even thicker extruded polystyrene boards are usually used as insulation layers. Although this material performs well in thermal insulation, its relatively flexible properties significantly reduce the rigidity of the roof's driving surface, making the roof prone to deformation when under heavy loads, which in turn affects the structural safety and service life.

[0004] In addition, the application of extruded polystyrene boards not only increases the overall cost of the roof, but also increases the difficulty and cost of construction due to the complexity of the construction process. More seriously, the junction between the flexible insulation layer of the extruded polystyrene board and the rigid structural layer is prone to become a potential risk point for water leakage, especially in high-altitude cold areas, where the temperature changes greatly and the material expands and contracts significantly, further exacerbating the occurrence of water leakage.

[0005] With the increasing popularity and development of multi-layer logistics high-standard warehouses in high-cold areas, the existing vehicle roof technology can no longer meet the requirements of heavy-load and high-cold environments. Therefore, developing a roof structure that is rigid enough to carry heavy-loaded vehicles, has good thermal insulation performance, and is economically reasonable has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a heavy-loaded vehicle (parking) roof structure and a construction method thereof, which solves the defects of insufficient rigidity of the vehicle roof surface layer, easy waterproof failure and high cost, so as to meet the use requirements in heavy-load and high-cold environments.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A heavy-loaded vehicle roof structure comprises a surface layer, an isolation layer, a double waterproof layer, a leveling layer, a foamed concrete layer, a thermal insulation layer and a roof structure layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the surface layer comprises a sealing layer and a steel fiber concrete layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the sealing layer is a highly wear-resistant polyurethane anti-skid surface layer;

[0009] The highly wear-resistant polyurethane anti-skid surface layer is combined with the steel fiber concrete layer to reduce the risk of water seepage; the foam concrete insulation layer improves the thermal insulation and waterproof properties of the roof structure.

[0010] Optionally, the double-layer waterproof layer includes two layers of SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane waterproof layers.

[0011] Optionally, the double waterproof layer includes an SBS modified asphalt waterproof roll waterproof layer and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer.

[0012] Optionally, the thickness of the waterproof layer of the SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane is 3 to 5 mm.

[0013] Optionally, the thickness of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer is 1 to 3 mm.

[0014] Optionally, the steel fiber concrete layer has a thickness of 158 to 162 mm.

[0015] Optionally, the isolation layer is a 1 mm thick felt layer.

[0016] Optionally, the roof structure layer is a reinforced concrete roof structure layer.

[0017] Optionally, the leveling layer is a cement mortar leveling layer with a thickness of 19 to 21 mm.

[0018] A construction method for a heavy-loaded vehicle roof structure is used to construct the roof structure, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1, the roof structure layer of cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure, and the upper surface is sloped with a slope of 2%;

[0020] S2, after the roof structure layer reaches 70% of the design strength and the surface is flat, without cracks and looseness, pour foam concrete on the roof structure layer to form a foam concrete insulation layer;

[0021] S3, using 1:3 cement mortar to level the micropores on the surface of the foam concrete insulation layer to form a leveling layer;

[0022] S4, laying a double waterproof layer;

[0023] S5, after the double waterproof layer is laid, a felt isolation layer is laid thereon;

[0024] S6, pouring steel fiber concrete on the isolation layer to form a steel fiber concrete layer;

[0025] S7, finally, a non-slip surface layer made of highly wear-resistant polyurethane coating is applied on the steel fiber concrete layer for sealing.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] According to actual use conditions, the present invention reasonably selects foam concrete instead of extruded polystyrene board as the thermal insulation material, cleverly sets the construction method and reasonably arranges the construction process, so that the roof structure of the present invention has good waterproof performance and anti-freezing heave in high-cold areas, improves the rigidity of the vehicle surface layer, reduces the construction cost, is safe and reliable, is easy to construct and maintain, and is cost-effective.

[0028] The use of foam concrete as the insulation layer is lightweight, high-strength, and has good compressive resistance. It can effectively avoid fatigue deformation caused by heavy-loaded vehicles rolling over. At the same time, its excellent thermal insulation, waterproofing, and environmental protection properties improve the overall performance of the roof. The application of high-wear-resistant polyurethane anti-skid surface layer significantly enhances the wear resistance and anti-skid properties of the surface layer, reduces the wear and damage of the surface layer by heavy-loaded vehicles, reduces the risk of rainwater infiltration into the base layer, and improves the safety and reliability of heavy-loaded vehicle operation. The use of steel fiber concrete layer, with its excellent anti-freeze, anti-crack, and anti-impact properties, effectively avoids the damage to concrete caused by thermal expansion and contraction and repeated operation of heavy-loaded vehicles, and further reduces the risk of water seepage. In addition, the design of the double-layer waterproof layer, combined with waterproof coatings and waterproof membranes, is both economical and practical, and improves the integrity and tightness of waterproofing. The isolation layer uses a felt layer, which is not only economical in material and convenient in construction, but also effectively reduces the damage of the isolation layer to the waterproof layer. Finally, by directly using the roof structure layer for slope finding, roof slope finding materials are saved and costs are reduced.

[0029] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the roof structure of the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals:

[0033] 1-surface layer, 11-sealing layer, 12-steel fiber concrete layer, 2-isolation layer, 3-double waterproof layer, 31-SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane waterproof layer, 32-non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer, 4-leveling layer, 5-insulation layer, 6-roof structure layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0035] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0036] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0037] See also Figure 1 , which is a heavy-loaded vehicle roof structure, comprising a surface layer 1, an isolation layer 2, a double-layer waterproof layer 3, a leveling layer 4, an insulation layer 5 and a roof structure layer 6 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the surface layer 1 comprises a sealing layer 11 and a steel fiber concrete layer 12 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the sealing layer 11 is a highly wear-resistant polyurethane anti-slip surface layer, and the insulation layer 5 is a foam concrete insulation layer 5, which can improve the thermal insulation and waterproof properties of the roof structure;

[0038] The insulation layer 5 uses foamed concrete. Compared with the technical solution of using the traditional extruded polystyrene board as the insulation layer 5, the foamed concrete is lightweight, has good overall performance, and has high compressive strength, and can avoid fatigue deformation caused by repeated rolling of heavy-loaded vehicles; especially in winter construction and pumping in high-cold areas, it is not affected by temperature; the foamed concrete contains a large number of closed small gaps, and has good thermal insulation and waterproof performance; it has good environmental performance and does not contain harmful substances such as benzene and formaldehyde;

[0039] The highly wear-resistant polyurethane anti-skid surface layer is combined with the steel fiber concrete layer 12 to reduce the risk of water seepage.

[0040] The highly wear-resistant polyurethane anti-skid surface layer uses a highly wear-resistant anti-skid coating specially used for parking lots, which also plays a role of sealing and anti-skid. Compared with the traditional fine stone concrete coarse sand grouting, it can effectively reduce the wear and damage of heavy-loaded vehicles on the surface layer 1, thereby reducing the risk of rainwater infiltration into the base layer, and the bonding integrity between the surface layer 1 and the base layer is stronger; at the same time, the anti-skid property of this layer increases the friction coefficient of heavy-loaded vehicles, thereby improving the safety and reliability of vehicle operation.

[0041] The steel fiber concrete layer 12 adopts C30 low shrinkage steel fiber concrete with a thickness of 158mm to 162mm. In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness is preferably 160mm. Steel fiber concrete has excellent freeze-thaw resistance, crack resistance and impact resistance. Compared with traditional reinforced fine stone concrete, it effectively avoids the damage to concrete caused by thermal expansion and contraction and repeated operation of heavy-loaded vehicles, and the possibility of cracks, thereby reducing the risk of water seepage. Low shrinkage steel fiber concrete is a high-performance composite material that is mixed with short steel fibers distributed randomly in ordinary concrete and reduces the shrinkage rate of concrete through special proportions and technical means. This material combines the high strength and high toughness of steel fiber concrete and the low shrinkage characteristics of low shrinkage concrete, and has significant advantages. It can improve the seismic performance, bearing capacity and service life of building structures. At the same time, it can also reduce the volume and weight of components, improve construction efficiency, effectively resist the impact and erosion of external forces, and enhance the stability, safety and durability of the structure.

[0042] The double waterproof layer 3 can be made of two layers of SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane, or a SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane waterproofing layer 31 and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproofing coating layer 32. In the actual construction process, a suitable construction scheme can be selected according to the site conditions and engineering requirements. The waterproof layer is a combination of waterproof coating + waterproofing membrane, which is more economical than the traditional two-layer waterproofing membrane. At the same time, the integrity of the two waterproof layers is better, and the combined structure is tight, reducing the risk of water seepage.

[0043] The waterproofing membrane used in the SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane layer is a hot-melt waterproofing membrane. The hot-melt method is used during the laying construction, and the flame is used to heat and melt the membrane and bond it to the contact surface of the roof. Hot-melt waterproofing membrane has the characteristics of strong tensile strength, good flexibility, heat resistance, low temperature resistance, aging resistance, puncture resistance, and tear resistance. It can adapt well to the strain capacity of the roof base. These characteristics determine that hot-melt waterproofing membrane is not easy to corrode and aging resistance, and has a longer life than other waterproof materials in exposed environments. Hot-melt waterproofing membrane also has the advantages of permanent bonding, strong self-healing, and resistance to cracks, enabling it to form a complete impermeable waterproof membrane layer to ensure the continuity and integrity of the waterproofing system.

[0044] The thickness of the SBS modified asphalt waterproofing membrane waterproofing layer 31 is 3-5 mm. In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness is preferably 4 mm.

[0045] The thickness of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer 32 is 1-3 mm. In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness is preferably 2 mm.

[0046] The isolation layer 2 is a 1mm thick linoleum layer. Compared with the traditional cement mortar as the isolation layer 2, the material is more economical, the construction is more convenient, the hardness is lower, the elasticity is better, the damage of the isolation layer 2 to the waterproof layer is effectively reduced, and the overall bonding between the materials is better.

[0047] The leveling layer 4 is a 20 mm thick cement mortar leveling layer 4, and the cement mortar adopts a cement mortar with a mass ratio of cement to sand of 1:3.

[0048] The roof structure layer 6 is a reinforced concrete roof structure layer 6, and the slope of the reinforced concrete roof structure layer 6 close to the leveling layer 4 is 2%. The present invention cancels the slope layer and directly replaces the slope layer by setting the surface of the roof structure layer 6 to have a slope, thereby saving roof slope materials and reducing costs.

[0049] The construction method of the roof structure of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0050] S1, cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure roof structure layer 6, the thickness of the roof structure layer 6 is calculated according to the structure and load;

[0051] S2, after the roof structure layer 6 reaches 70% of the design strength and the surface is flat, without cracks and looseness, pour foam concrete on the roof structure layer 6 to form a foam concrete insulation layer 5; ensure that the insulation layer 5 is tightly combined with the roof structure layer 6;

[0052] The means to ensure the close combination of the two include cleaning and inspection before pouring to ensure that the roof structure layer 6 is not loose, hollow, sandy or dusty, so as to ensure good bonding between the foam concrete and the roof structure layer 6; before pouring the foam concrete, the roof structure layer 6 should be wetted, which helps to improve the bonding between the foam concrete and the roof structure layer 6 and prevent the occurrence of shrinkage cracks. Setting elevation control lines and layered pouring during pouring and construction are conducive to improving the pouring quality. In addition, some measures to strengthen bonding are adopted, such as brushing a layer of plain cement slurry or interface binder on the roof structure layer 6 to enhance the bonding between the foam concrete and the roof structure layer 6.

[0053] S3, using 1:3 cement mortar to level the micropores on the surface of the foam concrete to form a leveling layer 4;

[0054] S4, laying a double waterproof layer 3, in this embodiment, a double waterproof layer 3 of "waterproof coiled material + waterproof coating" is used;

[0055] The first waterproof layer uses non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating to spray on the leveled surface. It is simple to construct, has excellent waterproof self-healing properties, has no obstacles in high and low temperature construction, and has good bonding performance;

[0056] The second waterproof layer uses SBS modified asphalt waterproof membrane, which is required to meet the waterproof requirements and ensure close connection with the first waterproof layer;

[0057] S5, after the double waterproof layer 3 is laid, the linoleum felt isolation layer 2 is laid thereon to connect the upper and lower layers and avoid damage to the waterproof layer caused by inconsistent thermal expansion and contraction coefficients between different materials;

[0058] S6, pouring steel fiber concrete on the isolation layer 2 to form a steel fiber concrete layer 12;

[0059] In step S6, C30 concrete is used, into which steel fibers bonded in rows are added to enhance its performance, and the concrete surface is compacted and smoothed after pouring and initial setting to improve its flatness and aesthetics. After the strength meets the standard, the surface is polished or sandblasted, and the surface is constructed using a large-area laser paver to achieve laser leveling. The steel fiber concrete in this embodiment is a concrete with a steel fiber weight of 15 kg per cubic meter, a length range of 30 mm to 60 mm, a diameter of 0.5 mm to 1.05 mm, a tensile strength of not less than 1100 MPa, and a steel fiber bending toughness value of not less than 0.4. The steel fiber product should meet the requirements of "Steel Fiber for Concrete" YB / T151-2017.

[0060] S7, finally, a non-slip surface layer made of highly wear-resistant polyurethane coating is applied on the steel fiber concrete layer 12 for sealing.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heavy-loaded vehicle roof structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a surface layer (1), an isolation layer (2), a double waterproof layer (3), a leveling layer (4), a foam concrete insulation layer (5) and a roof structure layer (6) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the surface layer (1) comprises a sealing layer (11) and a steel fiber concrete layer (12) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the sealing layer (11) is a highly wear-resistant polyurethane anti-skid surface layer; The highly wear-resistant polyurethane anti-skid surface layer is combined with the steel fiber concrete layer (12) to reduce the risk of water seepage; the foam concrete insulation layer (5) improves the thermal insulation and waterproof properties of the roof structure.

2. The heavy-load vehicle (parking) roof structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The double-layer waterproof layer (3) comprises two layers of SBS modified asphalt waterproof roll waterproof layers (31).

3. The heavy-load vehicle (parking) roof structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The double waterproof layer (3) comprises an SBS modified asphalt waterproof coiled material waterproof layer (31) and a non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer (32).

4. The heavy-duty vehicle (parking) roof structure according to any one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the SBS modified asphalt waterproofing coiled material waterproofing layer (31) is 3 to 5 mm.

5. The heavy-load vehicle (parking) roof structure according to claim 3 is characterized by: The thickness of the non-curing rubber asphalt waterproof coating layer (32) is 1 to 3 mm.

6. The heavy-load vehicle (parking) roof structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The thickness of the steel fiber concrete layer (12) is 158-162 mm.

7. The heavy-load vehicle (parking) roof structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The isolation layer (2) is a 1 mm thick felt layer.

8. The heavy-load vehicle (parking) roof structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The roof structure layer (6) is a reinforced concrete roof structure layer.

9. The heavy-load vehicle (parking) roof structure according to claim 1 is characterized by: The leveling layer (4) is a cement mortar leveling layer with a thickness of 19 to 21 mm.

10. A construction method for a heavy-loaded vehicle (parking) roof structure, characterized in that: Used for constructing the roof structure according to claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps: S1, a cast-in-place reinforced concrete roof structure layer (6), and the upper surface thereof is sloped with a slope of 2%; S2, after the roof structure layer (6) reaches 70% of the design strength and has a smooth surface without cracks or looseness, pour foam concrete on the roof structure layer (6) to form a foam concrete insulation layer (5); S3, using 1:3 cement mortar to level the micropores on the surface of the foam concrete insulation layer (5) to form a leveling layer (4); S4, laying a double waterproof layer (3); S5, after the double waterproof layer (3) is laid, a felt isolation layer (2) is laid thereon; S6, pouring steel fiber concrete on the isolation layer (2) to form a steel fiber concrete layer (12); S7, finally, a non-slip surface layer made of highly wear-resistant polyurethane coating is applied on the steel fiber concrete layer (12) for sealing.

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