Drilling structure for underwater geological environment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling structures, in particular to a drilling structure for an underwater geological environment. Comprising an underwater pipeline mechanism, an overwater driving mechanism and a mining mechanism, the upper end of the underwater pipeline mechanism is fixedly connected with the lower end of the overwater driving mechanism, the mining mechanism is installed in a middle round hole of the underwater pipeline mechanism and a middle round hole of the overwater driving mechanism, and the mining mechanism comprises a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a drill bit and a limiting connecting plate; the multiple first connecting rods are sequentially connected end to end, the second threaded head of the first connecting rod in every two adjacent first connecting rods is in threaded connection with the upper end of the first rod body of the second connecting rod, and the limiting grooves of the adjacent first connecting rods are provided with the limiting connecting plates; different numbers of first connecting rods can be connected according to actual conditions, so that soil layers or rocks with different depths underwater can be drilled, and the practical effect is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling structure technology, and in particular to a drilling structure for underwater geological environments. Background Technology

[0002] Drilling institutions are of great significance for geological exploration, geological environment analysis, and geological sample collection. However, current drilling institutions can only drill on the ground and cannot drill in special environments such as underwater, which affects the progress of geological work. Chinese patent CN116122749A discloses a drill probe structure and a drilling platform for immersion drilling, including a first sprocket assembly; a second sprocket assembly; a drive device, the output end of which is coaxially connected to the input shaft of the second sprocket assembly; a chain, disposed between the first and second sprocket assemblies, for transmitting motion from the second sprocket assembly to the first sprocket assembly; a spreader beam assembly connected to the chain; and a four-sided active drill rod disposed on the spreader beam assembly. This invention can complete pressurized drilling within 200m during hole preparation. Drilling a 9m drill rod does not require rod reversing, which not only improves the hole formation rate and avoids quality accidents caused by multiple rod reversings leading to hole deviation, but also reduces auxiliary construction time and improves construction efficiency. It is highly practical and worthy of promotion.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN112252996A discloses a drilling boom structure, relating to the technical field of coal mine roadway excavation equipment. It includes a drill arm assembly, a transition connecting seat, a detection slide, and a rock drilling slide. One end of the drill arm assembly is connected to the main unit; the other end is connected to one end of the transition connecting seat; the rock drilling slide is positioned above the transition connecting seat and is equipped with a rock drilling device; the detection slide is connected to the transition connecting seat; and a detection device is located at the other end of the detection slide. The drilling boom features a modular structure, facilitating the modification of existing equipment. It combines drilling and exploration, resulting in high operational efficiency. Operation is convenient, allowing for exploration while drilling.

[0004] Chinese patent CN117703278A discloses a drill bit structure and coal mine drilling machinery, belonging to the field of coal mine machinery and equipment. It includes a support base, with a lifting device rotatably connected to the upper left side of the support base and a base rotatably connected to the upper right side of the support base. The lower left side of the base is rotatably connected to the lifting device, and a drilling device is movably connected to the upper end of the base. The base is equipped with a pushing mechanism, which includes a motor fixedly connected to the right side of the base. When drilling difficulties occur, the locking block disengages from the slot, and the rotating block rotates relative to the slider. This prevents the drilling device from being forcibly moved, effectively protecting it from damage. When the locking block moves, it drives a second circular block to move. Through a first and second one-way valve, the air pressure inside the cavity continuously increases, increasing the locking force between the locking block and the slot. This results in a greater force on the slider driving the drilling device, thereby improving the drilling effect.

[0005] None of the publicly available technical solutions mentioned above involve any mechanism or scheme for underwater drilling, therefore there is an urgent need for a mechanism that can carry out drilling work underwater. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention can connect different numbers of first connecting rods according to actual conditions, thereby enabling drilling into soil or rock layers at different underwater depths and improving practical effectiveness.

[0007] The technical solution used in this invention is: a drilling structure for underwater geological environments, comprising: an underwater pipeline mechanism, a surface drive mechanism, and a mining mechanism; The upper end of the underwater pipeline mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower end of the surface drive mechanism. The mining mechanism is installed in the middle circular hole of the underwater pipeline mechanism and the surface drive mechanism. The mining mechanism includes a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a drill bit, and a limiting connecting plate. The first connecting rod includes a first rod body, a second water outlet, a second water inlet, a second threaded head, and a limiting groove. The second connecting rod includes a second rod body, a connecting section, and an annular groove. The drill bit includes a drill bit connecting section, a drill bit working section, a protrusion, a return water groove, a return water hole, and a water outlet ring. Multiple first connecting rods are connected end to end in sequence. The second threaded head of the first first connecting rod in two adjacent first connecting rods is threadedly connected to the upper end of the first rod body of the second first connecting rod. A limiting connecting plate is installed on the limiting groove of the adjacent first connecting rods. The second threaded end of the first connecting rod at the bottom and the upper end of the second rod body of the second connecting rod are threaded together. The drill bit connecting section is fixedly connected to the connecting section at one end away from the drill bit working section. The annular groove is connected to the water outlet ring and the annular groove is connected to the second water inlet hole. The second water outlet hole of the drill bit and the second water outlet hole of the second connecting rod are connected. A water return groove is provided on the outside of the drill bit connecting section, and a water return hole is provided on the water return groove. The water return hole is connected to the second water outlet hole.

[0008] Preferably, the underwater pipeline mechanism includes a waterproof pipe, positioning shafts, fixing seats, racks, and insertion pipes; the lower end of the waterproof pipe is provided with an insertion pipe, and a fixing seat is provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the waterproof pipe; the plurality of positioning shafts are fixedly installed between the two fixing seats; and a rack is provided on the outer side of the waterproof pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the water-based drive mechanism includes a base plate, guide rails, a first triangular plate, a second triangular plate, a spring, a hydraulic cylinder, a guide head, a first drive motor, and a limiting gear. A through hole is provided on the base plate, and the through hole is coaxial with the waterproof pipe. Three guide rails are provided on the base plate, and the three guide rails are arranged in a circular array around the through hole. The first drive motor is fixedly installed on the base plate, and the first drive motor is fixedly connected to the gear. The gear meshes with the limiting gear, and the limiting gear is slidably installed on the first connecting rod, and the limiting gear can drive the mining mechanism to rotate.

[0010] Preferably, the first triangular plate is slidably mounted on the guide rail, the second triangular plate is slidably mounted on the guide rail, and the second triangular plate is located above the first triangular plate; a spring is connected between the second triangular plate and the first triangular plate; an outlet head is provided below the first triangular plate; the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body is fixedly mounted on the base plate, and the end of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod is fixedly connected to the second triangular plate; the outlet head is threadedly connected to the upper end of the first connecting rod of the mining mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the outlet head includes a rotating water-passing sleeve, a first threaded connector, a first water outlet pipe, a first water inlet pipe, a limiting post, a rotor connector, a first water outlet hole, and a first water inlet hole. The lower end of the rotating water-passing sleeve is provided with a first threaded connector, and a rotor connector is rotatably installed at the upper end of the rotating water-passing sleeve. A first water inlet pipe is rotatably installed on the outside of the rotating water-passing sleeve. The first water inlet pipe is connected to the first water inlet hole. The first water outlet hole is connected to the first water outlet pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the drilling structure further includes a connecting seat and a fixed anchor, the connecting seat being fixedly installed on the underwater pipeline mechanism, and the fixed anchor being connected to the connecting seat via a rope.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting seat includes a seat body, a clamping wheel, an L-shaped connecting plate, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear, a wrench connector, a ratchet, and a pawl; The base is fixedly mounted on the positioning shaft of the underwater pipeline mechanism. A clamping wheel is rotatably mounted on the side of the base, and an L-shaped connecting plate is provided on the side of the base. The clamping wheel is fixedly connected to a second bevel gear through a first shaft. The first bevel gear is fixedly connected to a wrench connector through a second shaft. The second shaft of the wrench connector is rotatably mounted in a hole in the L-shaped connecting plate. The second bevel gear and the first bevel gear mesh with each other.

[0014] Preferably, the ratchet is mounted on the side of the clamping wheel and is fixedly connected to the first shaft of the clamping wheel; a pawl is provided on the outside of the seat body, and the pawl intermittently engages with the ratchet.

[0015] Preferably, the drilling structure for the underwater geological environment further includes a moving mechanism, which includes a rotating ring, an electric wrench, a second drive motor, a third drive motor, a sliding seat, and an external gear. The sliding seat is slidably mounted on the outside of the waterproof pipe, and a rotating ring is rotatably mounted on the outside of the sliding seat. An external gear is provided on the outside of the rotating ring. An electric wrench is provided on the rotating ring, and a second drive motor is provided on the outside of the sliding seat. The motor shaft of the second drive motor is connected to the gear, and the gear meshes with the rack. The rack is fixedly mounted under the sliding seat by a bracket, and a gear is provided on the motor shaft of the sliding seat, which meshes with the external gear.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The present invention can connect different numbers of first connecting rods according to actual conditions, thereby drilling into soil or rock layers at different depths underwater, improving practical effect.

[0017] 2. In this invention, a limiting connecting plate is installed on the limiting groove of the adjacent first connecting rod and the second connecting rod; the limiting connecting plate serves to limit and fix the adjacent first connecting rod and the second connecting rod.

[0018] 3. In this invention, water enters through a return groove into a return hole, then through a second outlet hole into the second outlet hole of the second connecting rod, passes through the second outlet hole of the first connecting rod, and then enters the first outlet hole, and is discharged through the first outlet pipe, thus achieving a circulating discharge and improving underwater drilling efficiency.

[0019] 4. The present invention achieves automatic drilling by rotating a first drive motor to drive a limit gear, thereby rotating the mining mechanism. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the underwater pipeline mechanism of the present invention from a first angle.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the underwater pipeline mechanism of the present invention from a second angle.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the water-based drive mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the water-based drive mechanism of the present invention from a second angle.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the export head of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the output head of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the connector of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connector of the present invention from a second angle.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the moving mechanism of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the moving mechanism of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the mining mechanism of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the first connecting rod of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the first connecting rod of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the second connecting rod of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the second connecting rod of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the first angle of the drill bit of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the second angle of the drill bit of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1-Underwater pipeline mechanism; 2-Surface drive mechanism; 3-Connecting seat; 4-Moving mechanism; 5-Mining mechanism; 6-Fixed anchor; 101-Waterproof pipe; 102-Positioning shaft; 103-Fixed seat; 104-Rack; 105-Insertion pipe; 201-Base plate; 202-Guide rail; 203-First triangular plate; 204-Second triangular plate; 205-Spring; 206-Hydraulic cylinder; 207-Outlet head; 208-First drive motor; 209-Limit gear; 2071-Rotating water sleeve; 2072-First threaded connector; 2073-First outlet pipe; 2074-First inlet pipe; 2075-Limiting post; 2076-Rotor connector; 2077-First outlet hole; 2078-First inlet hole; 301-Seat body; 302-Clamping wheel; 303-L-shaped connecting plate ; 304-First bevel gear; 305-Second bevel gear; 306-Wrench connector; 307-Ratchet; 308-Pawl; 401-Rotating ring; 402-Electric wrench; 403-Second drive motor; 404-Third drive motor; 405-Sliding seat; 406-External gear; 501-First connecting rod; 502-Second connecting rod; 503-Drill bit; 504-Limiting connecting plate; 5 011-First rod body; 5012-Second water outlet; 5013-Second water inlet; 5014-Second threaded head; 5015-Limiting groove; 5021-Second rod body; 5022-Connecting section; 5023-Circular groove; 5031-Drill bit connecting section; 5032-Drill bit working section; 5033-Protrusion; 5034-Return water groove; 5035-Return water hole; 5036-Water outlet ring. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0040] Implementation, for example Figure 1-18 As shown, a drilling structure for underwater geological environments includes: an underwater pipeline mechanism 1, a surface drive mechanism 2, and a mining mechanism 5. The upper end of the underwater pipeline mechanism 1 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the surface drive mechanism 2. The mining mechanism 5 is installed in the middle circular hole between the underwater pipeline mechanism 1 and the surface drive mechanism 2. The mining mechanism 5 includes a first connecting rod 501, a second connecting rod 502, a drill bit 503, and a limiting connecting plate 504. The first connecting rod 501 includes a first rod body 5011, a second water outlet 5012, a second water inlet 5013, a second threaded head 5014, and a limiting groove 5015. The second connecting rod 502 includes a second rod body 5021, a connecting section 5022, and an annular groove 5023. The drill bit 503 includes a drill bit connecting section 5031, a drill bit working section 5032, a protrusion 5033, a return water groove 5034, a return water hole 5035, and a water outlet ring 5036. The first rod body 5011 is a cylinder with sharp edges. A second water outlet hole 5012 is provided through its axis. Multiple second water inlets 5013 arranged in a circumferential array are provided on the outside of the second water outlet hole 5012. A second threaded head 5014 is provided at one end of the first rod body 5011, and an internal thread is provided at the other end. A limiting groove 5015 is provided on the outside of the first rod body 5011. The second rod 5021 is a cylinder with a second water outlet 5012 at its axis and a plurality of second water inlets 5013 arranged in a circumferential array on the outside of the second water outlet 5012. One end of the second rod 5021 is provided with an internal thread, and the other end is provided with a connecting section 5022. The lower end of the connecting section 5022 is provided with an annular groove 5023, which communicates with the second water inlets 5013. A limiting groove 5015 is provided on the outside of the second rod 5021. A drill bit working section 5032 is connected to the lower end of the drill bit connecting section 5031. A protrusion 5033 is provided at the lower end of the drill bit working section 5032. The protrusion 5033 is used to break the ground. A hole communicating with the water outlet ring 5036 is provided below the drill bit working section 5032. Water is discharged from the hole to facilitate drilling by the protrusion 5033.

[0041] Multiple first connecting rods 501 are connected end-to-end in sequence. The second threaded head 5014 of the first connecting rod 501 and the upper end of the first rod body 5011 of the second connecting rod 501 are threaded together. The second water outlet 5012 of the first connecting rod 501 and the second water outlet 5012 of the second connecting rod 501 are connected. The second water inlet 5013 of the first connecting rod 501 and the second water inlet 5013 of the second connecting rod 501 are also connected. A limiting connecting plate 504 is installed on the limiting groove 5015 of the adjacent first connecting rods 501. The limiting connecting plate 504 serves to limit and fix the adjacent first connecting rods 501. Different numbers of first connecting rods 501 can be connected according to actual conditions, thereby drilling into soil or rock layers at different depths underwater, improving practical effectiveness.

[0042] The second threaded head 5014 of the bottommost first connecting rod 501 is threaded to the upper end of the second rod body 5021 of the second connecting rod 502. The second water outlet 5012 of the bottommost first connecting rod 501 and the second water outlet 5012 of the second connecting rod 502 are connected. The second water inlet 5013 of the bottommost first connecting rod 501 and the second water inlet 5013 of the second connecting rod 502 are connected. A limiting connecting plate 504 is installed on the limiting groove 5015 of the adjacent first connecting rod 501 and the second connecting rod 502. The limiting connecting plate 504 serves to limit and fix the adjacent first connecting rod 501 and the second connecting rod 502.

[0043] The drill bit connecting section 5031 of drill bit 503, away from the drill bit working section 5032, is fixedly connected to the connecting section 5022. The annular groove 5023 is connected to the water outlet ring 5036 and the second water inlet hole 5013. The second water outlet hole 5012 of drill bit 503 and the second water outlet hole 5012 of second connecting rod 502 are connected. A return water groove 5034 is provided on the outside of the drill bit connecting section 5031. A return water hole 5035 is provided on the return water groove 5034 and is connected to the second water outlet hole 5012. Specifically, water flows into the first inlet hole 2078 through the first inlet pipe 2074, then into the second inlet hole 5013 of the first connecting rod 501, and then into the second inlet hole 5013 of the second connecting rod 502. It then flows into the drill bit working section 5032 through the annular groove 5023 and the water outlet ring 5036, and finally flows out from the hole below the drill bit working section 5032. The water flow is used to cool down the protrusion 5033 and facilitate its operation, thereby improving the working efficiency of the protrusion 5033. Meanwhile, the water flow mixes with soil and rock broken by the protrusion 5033, enters the return water hole 5035 through the return water groove 5034, then enters the second outlet hole 5012 of the second connecting rod 502 through the second outlet hole 5012, passes through the second outlet hole 5012 of the first connecting rod 501, and then enters the first outlet hole 2077, and is discharged through the first outlet pipe 2073, realizing the circulation discharge and improving the efficiency of underwater drilling.

[0044] Preferably, the underwater pipeline mechanism 1 includes a waterproof pipe 101, a positioning shaft 102, a fixing seat 103, a rack 104, and an insertion pipe 105; the lower end of the waterproof pipe 101 is provided with an insertion pipe 105, and a fixing seat 103 is provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the waterproof pipe 101, a plurality of positioning shafts 102 are fixedly installed between two fixing seats 103, and a rack 104 is provided on the outer side of the waterproof pipe 101.

[0045] In conjunction with the above embodiments, another optional embodiment includes a water-based drive mechanism 2 comprising a base plate 201, guide rails 202, a first triangular plate 203, a second triangular plate 204, a spring 205, a hydraulic cylinder 206, an outlet head 207, a first drive motor 208, and a limiting gear 209. The base plate 201 is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the waterproof pipe 101. A through hole is provided on the base plate 201, coaxial with the waterproof pipe 101. Three guide rails 202 are arranged in a circular array around the through hole on the base plate 201. The first drive motor 208 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 201 and is fixedly connected to the gear. The gear meshes with the limiting gear 209, which is slidably mounted on the first connecting rod 501. The limiting gear 209 can drive the mining mechanism 5 to rotate. Specifically, the rotation of the first drive motor 208 drives the limiting gear 209, thereby rotating the mining mechanism 5 and achieving automatic drilling.

[0046] In conjunction with the above embodiments, another optional embodiment is provided, in which the first triangular plate 203 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 202, and the second triangular plate 204 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 202, with the second triangular plate 204 positioned above the first triangular plate 203; a spring 205 is connected between the second triangular plate 204 and the first triangular plate 203; an outlet head 207 is provided below the first triangular plate 203; the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder 206 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 201, and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 206 is fixedly connected to the second triangular plate 204; the outlet head 207 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the first connecting rod 501 of the mining mechanism 5. Specifically, the compression of the spring 205 is achieved by the hydraulic cylinder 206 driving the second triangular plate 204 downward, causing the spring 205 to become elastic. At the same time, the elastic force of the spring 205 compresses the first triangular plate 203, causing the first triangular plate 203 to exert a downward force, thereby causing the first triangular plate 203 to drive the outlet head 207 to provide a downward pressure to the mining mechanism 5, facilitating the drilling of the ground by the mining mechanism 5. Meanwhile, when it is necessary to add a first connecting rod 501 to meet the drilling depth, the guide head 207 is manually rotated to separate it from the uppermost first connecting rod 501. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 206 extends to move the second triangular plate 204 upward, thereby separating the guide head 207 from the first connecting rod 501. Another first connecting rod 501 is then installed onto the uppermost first connecting rod 501, and the guide head 207 is then installed onto the uppermost first connecting rod 501, increasing the drilling depth and improving work efficiency.

[0047] Specifically, the outlet head 207 includes a rotating water-passing sleeve 2071, a first threaded connector 2072, a first water outlet pipe 2073, a first water inlet pipe 2074, a limiting post 2075, a rotor connecting head 2076, a first water outlet hole 2077, and a first water inlet hole 2078. The lower end of the rotating water-passing sleeve 2071 is provided with a first threaded connector 2072, and a rotor connector 2076 is rotatably installed on the upper end of the rotating water-passing sleeve 2071. A first water inlet pipe 2074 is rotatably installed on the outside of the rotating water-passing sleeve 2071. The first water inlet pipe 2074 is connected to the first water inlet hole 2078. The first water outlet hole 2077 is connected to the first water outlet pipe 2073.

[0048] Preferably, the drilling structure further includes a connecting seat 3 and a fixed anchor 6. The connecting seat 3 is fixedly installed on the underwater pipeline mechanism 1, and the fixed anchor 6 is connected to the connecting seat 3 by a rope.

[0049] The connecting seat 3 includes a seat body 301, a clamping wheel 302, an L-shaped connecting plate 303, a first bevel gear 304, a second bevel gear 305, a wrench connector 306, a ratchet 307, and a pawl 308; The base 301 is fixedly mounted on the positioning shaft 102 of the underwater pipeline mechanism 1. A clamping wheel 302 is rotatably mounted on the side of the base 301. An L-shaped connecting plate 303 is provided on the side of the base 301. The clamping wheel 302 is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 305 via a first shaft. The first bevel gear 304 is fixedly connected to the wrench connector 306 via a second shaft. The second shaft of the wrench connector 306 is rotatably mounted in the hole of the L-shaped connecting plate 303. The second bevel gear 305 and the first bevel gear 304 mesh with each other. By rotating the wrench connector 306, the first bevel gear 304 is driven, thereby causing the second bevel gear 305 to rotate. The rotation of the second bevel gear 305 drives the clamping wheel 302 to rotate, tightening the rope fixing the anchor 6.

[0050] A ratchet 307 is mounted on the side of the clamping wheel 302 and is fixedly connected to the first shaft of the clamping wheel 302. A pawl 308 is provided on the outside of the seat 301, and the pawl 308 intermittently engages with the ratchet 307. The pawl 308 locks the ratchet 307, thereby locking the clamping wheel 302 and preventing the clamping wheel 302 from reversing, which could cause the rope connected to the fixed anchor 6 to loosen and cause the underwater pipeline mechanism 1 and the surface drive mechanism 2 to tip over.

[0051] The moving mechanism 4 includes a rotating ring 401, an electric wrench 402, a second drive motor 403, a third drive motor 404, a sliding seat 405, and an external gear 406. The sliding seat 405 is slidably mounted on the outside of the waterproof pipe 101. The rotating ring 401 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the sliding seat 405. An external gear 406 is provided on the outside of the rotating ring 401. The electric wrench 402 is provided on the rotating ring 401 and is used to drive the wrench connector 306. The second drive motor 403 is provided on the outside of the sliding seat 405. The motor shaft of the second drive motor 403 is connected to the gear, and the gear meshes with the rack 104. The rack 104 is fixedly mounted under the sliding seat 405 by a bracket. The motor shaft of the sliding seat 405 is equipped with a gear, which meshes with the external gear 406. The second drive motor 403 drives the sliding seat 405 to move, thereby moving the electric wrench 402 up and down, so that the electric wrench 402 can be aligned with the wrench connector 306 of the connecting seat 3. The third drive motor 404 drives the rotating ring 401 to rotate the electric wrench 402, so that the electric wrench 402 can drive the wrench connector 306 at different angles, thereby achieving the purpose of tightening the rope of the fixed anchor 6.

[0052] The working principle of this invention is as follows: First, the insertion tube 105 of the underwater pipeline mechanism 1 is placed at the bottom of the water where drilling is needed. Next, external personnel place the fixed anchor 6 in the designated position, and simultaneously wind the rope on the fixed anchor 6 around the clamping wheel 302 of the corresponding connecting seat 3. Then, the moving mechanism 4 operates, and the second drive motor 403 drives the sliding seat 405 to move, thereby moving the electric wrench 402 up and down. This allows the electric wrench 402 to align with the wrench connector 306 of the connecting seat 3. The third drive motor 404 drives the rotating ring 401 to rotate the electric wrench 402, enabling the electric wrench 402 to drive the wrench connector 306 at different angles, achieving the purpose of tightening the rope of the fixed anchor 6. The rotation of the wrench connector 306 drives the first bevel gear 304, which in turn drives the second bevel gear 305. The rotation of the second bevel gear 305 drives the clamping wheel 302 to rotate, further tightening the rope of the fixed anchor 6. The ratchet 308 locks the ratchet 307, thereby locking the clamping wheel 302 and preventing the clamping wheel 302 from reversing, which would cause the rope connected to the fixed anchor 6 to loosen, resulting in the underwater pipeline mechanism 1 and the water drive mechanism 2 tilting. Next, by fixing the base plate 201 of the water-driven mechanism 2 to the fixed seat 103 of the underwater pipeline mechanism 1, the worker inserts the assembled drill bit 503 and the second connecting rod 502 into the waterproof pipe 101 of the underwater pipeline mechanism 1 through the round hole on the base plate 201. Depending on the situation, different numbers of drill bits 503 are connected to the second connecting rod 502 in sequence. Then, the outlet head 207 is connected to the uppermost drill bit 503. Water flows into the first water inlet hole 2078 through the first water inlet pipe 2074, then into the second water inlet hole 5013 of the first connecting rod 501, and then into the second water inlet hole 5013 of the second connecting rod 502. Water flows into the drill bit working section 5032 through the annular groove 5023 and the water outlet ring 5036, and finally flows out from the hole below the drill bit working section 5032. The water flow is used to cool down the protrusion 5033 and facilitate the operation of the protrusion 5033, thereby improving the working efficiency of the protrusion 5033. Meanwhile, the water flow mixes with soil and rock broken by the protrusion 5033, enters the return water hole 5035 through the return water groove 5034, then enters the second outlet hole 5012 of the second connecting rod 502 through the second outlet hole 5012, passes through the second outlet hole 5012 of the first connecting rod 501, and then enters the first outlet hole 2077, and is discharged through the first outlet pipe 2073, realizing the circulation discharge and improving the efficiency of underwater drilling.

[0053] Simultaneously, the hydraulic cylinder 206 drives the second triangular plate 204 downward, compressing the spring 205 and making it elastic. The elastic force of the spring 205 compresses the first triangular plate 203, causing it to exert a downward force. This force, in turn, drives the guide head 207 to apply downward pressure to the mining mechanism 5, facilitating drilling. When it is necessary to add a first connecting rod 501 to meet drilling depth requirements, the guide head 207 is manually rotated to separate it from the uppermost first connecting rod 501. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 206 extends, causing the second triangular plate 204 to move upward, further separating the guide head 207 from the first connecting rod 501. Another first connecting rod 501 is then installed onto the uppermost first connecting rod 501, and finally, the guide head 207 is installed onto the uppermost first connecting rod 501, increasing drilling depth and improving work efficiency.

Claims

1. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment, characterized in that: include: An underwater pipeline mechanism (1), an above-water driving mechanism (2) and a mining mechanism (5); The upper end of the underwater pipeline mechanism (1) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the above-water driving mechanism (2); the mining mechanism (5) is installed in the middle circular hole of the underwater pipeline mechanism (1) and the above-water driving mechanism (2); the mining mechanism (5) comprises a first connecting rod (501), a second connecting rod (502), a drill bit (503) and a limit connecting plate (504); the first connecting rod (501) comprises a first rod body (5011), a second water outlet hole (501 2), a second water inlet hole (5013), a second threaded head (5014) and a limiting groove (5015); the second connecting rod (502) comprises a second rod body (5021), a connecting section (5022) and a circular groove (5023); the drill bit (503) comprises a drill bit connecting section (5031), a drill bit working section (5032), a protrusion (5033), a water return groove (5034), a water return hole (5035) and a water outlet ring (5036); A plurality of first connecting rods (501) are connected end to end in sequence, a second threaded head (5014) of a first first connecting rod (501) of two adjacent first connecting rods (501) is threadedly connected to an upper end of a first rod body (5011) of a second first connecting rod (501), and a limiting connecting plate (504) is installed on the limiting groove (5015) of the adjacent first connecting rod (501); The second threaded head (5014) of the first connecting rod (501) at the bottom is threadedly connected to the upper end of the second rod body (5021) of the second connecting rod (502). One end of the drill bit connecting section (5031) of the drill bit (503) away from the drill bit working section (5032) is fixedly connected to the connecting section (5022); the annular groove (5023) is connected to the water outlet ring (5036); the annular groove (5023) is connected to the second water inlet hole (5013); the second water outlet hole (5012) of the drill bit (503) is connected to the second water outlet hole (5012) of the second connecting rod (502); a water return groove (5034) is provided on the outside of the drill bit connecting section (5031); a water return hole (5035) is provided on the water return groove (5034); the water return hole (5035) is connected to the second water outlet hole (5012).

2. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The underwater pipeline mechanism (1) comprises a waterproof pipe (101), a positioning shaft (102), a fixing seat (103), a rack (104) and an insertion pipe (105); the lower end of the waterproof pipe (101) is provided with an insertion pipe (105), a fixing seat (103) is respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer side of the waterproof pipe (101), the plurality of positioning shafts (102) are fixedly mounted between two fixing seats (103), and a rack (104) is provided on the outer side of the waterproof pipe (101).

3. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The above-water driving mechanism (2) comprises a bottom plate (201), a guide rail (202), a first triangular plate (203), a second triangular plate (204), a spring (205), a hydraulic cylinder (206), a guide head (207), a first driving motor (208) and a limit gear (209); a through hole is provided on the bottom plate (201), and the through hole is coaxial with the waterproof pipe (101); three guide rails (202) are provided on the bottom plate (201), and the three guide rails (202) are arranged in a circular array around the through hole; a first driving motor (208) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (201), the first driving motor (208) is fixedly connected to a gear, the gear and the limit gear (209) are meshed with each other, the limit gear (209) is slidably mounted on the first connecting rod (501), and the limit gear (209) can drive the mining mechanism (5) to rotate.

4. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first triangular plate (203) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (202), and the second triangular plate (204) is slidably mounted on the guide rail (202), and the second triangular plate (204) is located above the first triangular plate (203); a spring (205) is connected between the second triangular plate (204) and the first triangular plate (203); a guide head (207) is provided below the first triangular plate (203); the bottom of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder (206) is fixedly mounted on the bottom plate (201), and the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (206) is fixedly connected to the second triangular plate (204); the guide head (207) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the first connecting rod (501) of the mining mechanism (5).

5. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outlet head (207) comprises a rotating water-passing sleeve (2071), a first threaded connector (2072), a first water outlet pipe (2073), a first water inlet pipe (2074), a limiting column (2075), a rotor connection head (2076), a first water outlet hole (2077) and a first water inlet hole (2078); A first threaded connector (2072) is provided at the lower end of the rotating water-passing sleeve (2071); a rotor connecting head (2076) is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the rotating water-passing sleeve (2071); and a first water inlet pipe (2074) is rotatably mounted on the outside of the rotating water-passing sleeve (2071); the first water inlet pipe (2074) is connected to a first water inlet hole (2078); and the first water outlet hole (2077) is connected to a first water outlet pipe (2073).

6. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling structure further comprises a connecting seat (3) and a fixing anchor (6); the connecting seat (3) is fixedly mounted on the underwater pipeline mechanism (1); and the fixing anchor (6) is connected to the connecting seat (3) via a rope.

7. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting seat (3) comprises a seat body (301), a clamping wheel (302), an L-shaped connecting plate (303), a first bevel gear (304), a second bevel gear (305), a wrench connecting head (306), a ratchet (307) and a ratchet pawl (308); The seat body (301) is fixedly mounted on the positioning shaft (102) of the underwater pipeline mechanism (1); a clamping wheel (302) is rotatably mounted on the side of the seat body (301); an L-shaped connecting plate (303) is provided on the side of the seat body (301); the clamping wheel (302) is fixedly connected to the second bevel gear (305) via a first shaft; the first bevel gear (304) is fixedly connected to the wrench connector (306) via a second shaft; the second shaft of the wrench connector (306) is rotatably mounted in a hole of the L-shaped connecting plate (303); the second bevel gear (305) and the first bevel gear (304) are meshed with each other.

8. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The ratchet (307) is mounted on the side of the clamping wheel (302), and the ratchet (307) is fixedly connected to the first shaft of the clamping wheel (302); a ratchet pawl (308) is provided on the outside of the seat body (301), and the ratchet pawl (308) is intermittently meshed with the ratchet (307).

9. A drilling structure for underwater geological environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drilling structure for an underwater geological environment further comprises a moving mechanism (4), the moving mechanism (4) comprising a rotating ring (401), an electric wrench (402), a second drive motor (403), a third drive motor (404), a sliding seat (405) and an external gear (406), the sliding seat (405) being slidably mounted on the outside of the waterproof tube (101), a rotating ring (401) being rotatably mounted on the outside of the sliding seat (405), and an external gear (406) being arranged on the outside of the rotating ring (401); an electric wrench (402) being arranged on the rotating ring (401), a second drive motor (403) being arranged on the outside of the sliding seat (405), a motor shaft of the second drive motor (403) being connected to a gear, and the gear and the rack (104) being meshed with each other; The rack (104) is fixedly mounted below the sliding seat (405) via a bracket, and a gear is provided on the motor shaft of the sliding seat (405), and the gear is meshed with the external gear (406).

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