Automatic circulating emptying control method for fracturing unit

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic circulation emptying control method for a fracturing unit, the fracturing unit is subjected to automatic circulation emptying control, the fracturing unit comprises a liquid supply device, a fracturing pump set and an instrument device, and the liquid supply device and the fracturing pump set are connected into an annular, star-shaped or chain-type structure through a network cable to be connected to the instrument device and form a local area network. The fracturing pump set circularly controls the pump injection equipment to be automatically emptied, the whole process is automatically operated, the traditional manual one-by-one operation mode is changed, the emptying operation time is shortened, and the automation level and the operation efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field fracturing equipment and relates to an automatic circulation emptying control method for a fracturing unit. Background Art

[0002] The fracturing unit is composed of pumping, sand mixing, fluid supply, instrumentation and other equipment. The pumping and sand mixing equipment includes diesel power and electric drive. The remote centralized control of the pumping, fluid supply and sand mixing equipment is achieved through instrumentation. Emptying the fracturing unit is one of the necessary steps before the fracturing operation. The existing control method for emptying the fracturing unit is a manual emptying operation mode. The specific control method is: the local operator manually starts the fluid supply and sand mixing equipment to supply fluid to the fracturing pumping equipment, and the operator in the instrumentation equipment operates the pumping equipment one by one to perform the emptying operation, and manually observes the equipment operating parameters to determine the current emptying operation execution status. The fracturing unit is composed of dozens of pumping equipment. The efficiency of emptying one by one is low, and the degree of automation is not high. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an automatic circulation emptying control method for a fracturing unit, which solves the problems of low emptying efficiency and low automation of the fracturing unit in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is an automatic circulation and emptying control method for a fracturing unit, which performs automatic circulation and emptying control on the fracturing unit. The fracturing unit includes a fluid supply device, a fracturing pump group, and an instrument device. The fluid supply device and the fracturing pump group are connected to the instrument device in a ring, star or chain structure through a network cable to form a local area network.

[0005] The present invention is also characterized in that:

[0006] A workstation is set up in the instrument equipment, and the workstation is equipped with a human-computer interaction system. The human-computer interaction system is used to collect data from the fluid supply equipment and fracturing pump group and perform centralized control.

[0007] The fluid supply equipment includes a fluid supply skid and a sand mixing equipment. The sand mixing equipment includes a sand mixing vehicle or a sand mixing skid. The fracturing pump group includes a plurality of pumping equipment. Both the sand mixing equipment and the pumping equipment include two driving modes: diesel drive and electric drive.

[0008] The liquid supply skid and sand mixing equipment adjust the speed of the discharge pump according to the set liquid supply pressure to supply liquid to the pumping equipment. The sand mixing equipment adjusts the speed of the suction pump and the opening of the suction valve in real time according to the change of the discharge flow rate to maintain the dynamic balance of the set liquid level in the sand mixing tank. The human-computer interaction system starts each pumping equipment one by one in sequence for cyclic emptying.

[0009] Follow the steps below to implement it:

[0010] Step 1, start the automatic cycle emptying operation;

[0011] Step 2, start the emptying operation of the pumping equipment;

[0012] Step 3, start emptying process detection and overpressure state detection;

[0013] Step 4, end the automatic cycle emptying operation.

[0014] Step 1 is specifically as follows: start the liquid supply skid and sand mixing equipment, automatically adjust the speed of the liquid supply skid discharge pump according to the set liquid supply pressure, and automatically control the sand mixing equipment suction pump flow and suction valve opening according to the set liquid level; set the emptying parameters on the human-computer interaction system of the instrument equipment workstation and start the automatic cycle emptying operation; the emptying parameters include the emptying gear / emptying displacement of the pumping equipment, overpressure protection value, emptying time, liquid supply pressure, and sand mixing equipment tank liquid level.

[0015] In step 1, local startup is performed on the liquid supply device, and the liquid supply pressure of the liquid supply device is set on the local console to control the speed of the liquid supply device discharge pump, thereby controlling the liquid supply fluid to be output to the pumping device at a certain pressure.

[0016] In step 2, the human-computer interaction system detects the suction pressure of the fracturing pump group in real time. When the suction pressure is greater than the set pressure value, multiple pumping devices start the first pumping device in the order of arrangement. The pumping device obtains the set gear / set displacement data, operates the fracturing pump, and starts to remove the air in the pipeline of the first pumping device.

[0017] During the emptying process in step 3, the suction pressure of the pumping equipment is affected and fluctuates greatly, and gradually stabilizes as the air is discharged; when the fluctuation stabilizes, it is considered that the emptying purpose has been achieved; at this time, the program issues an idle neutral / displacement reset command, automatically stops the emptying operation of the first pumping equipment, and switches to the next pumping equipment.

[0018] In step 4, the human-computer interaction system detects the pressure of the pumping equipment in real time. When the pumping pressure of the pumping equipment is too high and exceeds the set overpressure protection value, the pump is automatically stopped and the emptying operation is stopped. If the emptying fails, the human-computer interaction system program will issue an alarm and end the automatic cycle emptying operation in advance; when the human-computer interaction system detects that the current emptying equipment is the last pumping equipment of the fracturing pump group, the emptying operation of the last pumping equipment is completed, and the program automatically ends the automatic cycle emptying operation.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the automatic circulation and emptying control method of the fracturing unit of the present invention includes automatic constant pressure liquid supply of the liquid supply equipment, automatic liquid level control of the sand mixer / skid, automatic circulation control of the fracturing pump group, and automatic emptying control of the pump injection equipment. The whole process is automatically operated, changing the traditional manual operation mode of each unit, reducing the emptying operation time, and improving the automation level and operation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the fracturing unit of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 The present invention is a flow chart of the automatic circulation emptying control method of the fracturing unit.

[0022] In the figure, 1. Fluid supply equipment, 2. Fracturing pump group, 3. Instrument equipment, 4. Fluid supply skid, 5. Sand mixing equipment, 6. Pumping equipment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] The automatic circulation and emptying control method of the fracturing unit of the present invention performs automatic circulation and emptying control on the fracturing unit, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fracturing unit includes a fluid supply device 1, a fracturing pump unit 2, and an instrument device 3. The fluid supply device 1 and the fracturing pump unit 2 are connected to the instrument device 3 through a network cable in a ring, star or chain structure to form a local area network. A workstation is set in the instrument device 3, and the workstation is equipped with a human-computer interaction system. The data of the fluid supply device 1 and the fracturing pump unit 2 are collected through the human-computer interaction system and centrally controlled.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] The fluid supply equipment 1 includes a fluid supply skid 4 and a sand mixing device 5. The sand mixing device 5 includes a sand mixing vehicle or a sand mixing skid. The fracturing pump group 2 includes a plurality of pumping devices 6. Both the sand mixing device 5 and the pumping device 6 include two driving modes: diesel drive and electric drive. The fluid supply skid 4 automatically adjusts operating parameters according to the fluid supply pressure. The sand mixing device 5 automatically adjusts operating parameters according to the fluid supply pressure and the liquid level in the liquid tank to meet the suction pressure requirement of the pumping device 6.

[0028] The liquid supply skid 4 and the sand mixing equipment 5 adjust the speed of the discharge pump according to the set liquid supply pressure to supply liquid to the pumping equipment 6. The sand mixing equipment 5 adjusts the speed of the suction pump and the opening of the suction valve in real time according to the change of the discharge flow rate to maintain the dynamic balance of the set liquid level in the sand mixing tank. The human-computer interaction system starts each pumping equipment 6 one by one in sequence for cyclic emptying.

[0029] Example 3

[0030] The automatic circulation and emptying control method of the fracturing unit of the present invention has the following process: Figure 2 As shown, the specific implementation steps are as follows:

[0031] Step 1, start the automatic cycle emptying operation;

[0032] Step 1 specifically includes: starting the liquid supply skid 4 and the sand mixing equipment 5, automatically adjusting the speed of the discharge pumps of the liquid supply skid 4 and the sand mixing equipment 5 according to the set liquid supply pressure, and automatically controlling the suction pump flow and suction valve opening of the sand mixing equipment 5 according to the set liquid level; setting the emptying parameters on the human-computer interaction system of the instrument equipment 3 workstation, and starting the automatic cycle emptying operation; the emptying parameters include the emptying gear / emptying displacement of the pumping equipment 6, the overpressure protection value, the emptying time, the liquid supply pressure, and the liquid level of the sand mixing equipment 5 tank.

[0033] The liquid supply device 1 is started locally, and the liquid supply pressure of the liquid supply device 1 is set on the local console to control the speed of the discharge pump of the liquid supply device 1, thereby controlling the liquid supply fluid to be output to the pumping device 6 at a certain pressure.

[0034] Step 2, start the emptying operation of the pumping device 6;

[0035] The human-computer interaction system detects the suction pressure of the fracturing pump group 2 in real time. When the suction pressure is greater than the set pressure value, multiple pumping devices 6 start the first pumping device 6 in the order of arrangement. The pumping device 6 obtains the set gear / set displacement data, operates the fracturing pump, and starts to remove the air in the pipeline of the first pumping device 6.

[0036] Step 3: Start emptying process detection and overpressure state detection.

[0037] During the emptying process, the suction pressure of the pumping device 6 is affected and produces large fluctuations, which gradually stabilize as the air is discharged; when the fluctuations stabilize, it is considered that the emptying purpose has been achieved; at this time, the program issues an idle neutral / displacement reset command, automatically stops the emptying operation of the first pumping device 6, and switches to the next pumping device 6.

[0038] The human-computer interaction system detects the pressure of the pumping equipment 6 in real time. When the pumping pressure of the pumping equipment 6 is too high and exceeds the set overpressure protection value, the pump is automatically stopped and the emptying operation is stopped. If the emptying fails, the human-computer interaction system program will issue an alarm and end the automatic cycle emptying operation ahead of schedule.

[0039] Step 4, end the automatic cycle emptying operation.

[0040] When the human-computer interaction system detects that the current emptying device is the last pumping device 6 of the fracturing pump group 2 and the emptying operation of the last pumping device 6 is completed, the program automatically ends the automatic cycle emptying operation.

[0041] The automatic circulation emptying control method of the fracturing unit of the present invention comprises a liquid supply device 1 including a liquid supply skid 4 and a sand mixing device 5, and a pumping device 6 automatically operates according to a set emptying displacement, monitors the suction pressure fluctuation range and the equipment operation parameters, and issues an alarm message if the operation is abnormal. After the operation time reaches the set time, the next pumping device 6 is started in sequence, and the operation is repeated until the last pumping device 6 is used, and the emptying is completed. The present invention is applied to the emptying operation of the fracturing unit equipment and pipelines before the fracturing operation, and is not only applicable to the fully diesel-driven fracturing unit and the fully electric-driven fracturing unit, but also to the fracturing unit driven by a combination of diesel and electric drive.

[0042] For diesel-driven fracturing units, the pump is started by setting the gear position, and for electric-driven fracturing units, the pump is started by setting the displacement. The human-computer interaction system program automatically detects the unit type and issues gear position and displacement control instructions respectively. The emptying operation parameters such as the emptying gear position of the diesel-driven pumping equipment, the emptying displacement of the electric-driven pumping equipment, the overpressure protection value, and the emptying time are pre-set. The liquid supply equipment automatically starts to supply liquid to the fracturing pump group according to the set parameters, and the fracturing pump group starts each pumping equipment one by one in sequence for cyclic emptying. The automatic cyclic emptying control method of the fracturing unit of the present invention realizes the full-process automatic control of the emptying operation, changes the traditional manual operation mode of each unit, reduces the emptying operation time, and improves the automation level and operation efficiency.

Claims

1. Automatic circulation and emptying control method of fracturing unit, It is characterized in that The invention provides an automatic circulation and emptying control for a fracturing unit, wherein the fracturing unit comprises a fluid supply device (1), a fracturing pump unit (2), and an instrument device (3). The fluid supply device (1) and the fracturing pump unit (2) are connected to the instrument device (3) via a network cable in a ring, star or chain structure to form a local area network.

2. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A workstation is arranged in the instrument equipment (3), and the workstation is equipped with a human-computer interaction system. The human-computer interaction system is used to collect data of the fluid supply equipment (1) and the fracturing pump group (2) and perform centralized control.

3. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of the fracturing unit according to claim 2, It is characterized in that The liquid supply equipment (1) comprises a liquid supply skid (4) and a sand mixing device (5), the sand mixing device (5) comprises a sand mixing vehicle or a sand mixing skid, the fracturing pump group (2) comprises a plurality of pumping devices (6), and both the sand mixing device (5) and the pumping device (6) comprise two driving modes: diesel drive and electric drive.

4. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 3, It is characterized in that The liquid supply skid (4) and the sand mixing device (5) adjust the speed of the discharge pump according to the set liquid supply pressure to supply liquid to the pumping device (6). The sand mixing device (5) adjusts the speed of the suction pump and the opening of the suction valve in real time according to the change of the discharge flow rate to maintain the dynamic balance of the set liquid level in the sand mixing tank. The human-computer interaction system starts each pumping device (6) one by one in sequence to circulate and empty.

5. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 4, It is characterized in that Follow the steps below to implement it: Step 1, start the automatic cycle emptying operation; Step 2, starting the pumping device (6) to empty the device; Step 3, start emptying process detection and overpressure state detection; Step 4, end the automatic cycle emptying operation.

6. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The step 1 specifically comprises: starting the liquid supply skid (4) and the sand mixing device (5), automatically adjusting the speed of the discharge pumps of the liquid supply skid (4) and the sand mixing device (5) according to the set liquid supply pressure, and automatically controlling the flow rate of the suction pump and the opening of the suction valve of the sand mixing device (5) according to the set liquid level; setting the emptying parameters on the human-computer interaction system of the instrument equipment (3) workstation, and starting the automatic cycle emptying operation; the emptying parameters include the emptying gear / emptying displacement of the pumping device (6), the overpressure protection value, the emptying time, the liquid supply pressure, and the tank liquid level of the sand mixing device (5).

7. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 6, It is characterized in that In the step 1, local startup is performed on the liquid supply device (1), and the liquid supply pressure of the liquid supply device (1) is set on the local control console to control the speed of the discharge pump of the liquid supply device (1), thereby controlling the liquid supply fluid to be output to the pumping device (6) at a certain pressure.

8. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 7, It is characterized in that In step 2, the human-computer interaction system detects the suction pressure of the fracturing pump group (2) in real time. When the suction pressure is greater than the set pressure value, the plurality of pumping devices (6) start the first pumping device (6) in the order of arrangement, and the pumping device (6) obtains the set gear position / set displacement data, operates the fracturing pump, and starts to remove the air in the pipeline of the first pumping device (6).

9. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 8, It is characterized in that During the emptying process in step 3, the suction pressure of the pumping device (6) is affected and produces large fluctuations, which gradually stabilize as the air is emptied; when the fluctuations stabilize, it is considered that the emptying purpose has been achieved; at this time, the program issues an idle neutral / displacement reset command, automatically stops the emptying operation of the first pumping device (6), and switches to the next pumping device (6).

10. The automatic circulation and emptying control method of a fracturing unit according to claim 9, It is characterized in that In step 4, the human-computer interaction system detects the pressure of the pumping device (6) in real time. When the pumping pressure of the pumping device (6) is too high and exceeds the set overpressure protection value, the pump is automatically stopped and the emptying operation is stopped. If the emptying fails, the human-computer interaction system program issues an alarm and ends the automatic cycle emptying operation in advance. When the human-computer interaction system detects that the current emptying device is the last pumping device (6) of the fracturing pump group (2), the emptying operation of the last pumping device (6) is completed, and the program automatically ends the automatic cycle emptying operation.

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