Lightning protection system for vertical axis wind turbine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection of wind driven generators, aims to solve the problems that an existing lightning protection system is limited in applicability, the use requirements of H-type, FH-type, FX-type and other vertical-axis wind driven generators are difficult to meet, and the generators cannot be effectively protected, and provides a lightning protection system for a vertical-axis wind driven generator. Comprising a lightning rod, an upper conductive mechanism, a middle conductive mechanism, a lower conductive mechanism and a grounding conductive net. The lightning rod is installed on a pole of the vertical axis wind turbine. The upper conductive mechanism sleeves the lightning rod and is connected with the lightning rod; the lower conductive mechanism is connected to a tower drum of the vertical axis wind turbine; the middle conductive mechanism is connected between the upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism; the lower conductive mechanism is connected with a conductive rod in the tower drum, and the conductive rod is connected to a grounding conductive net; the lightning protection device can effectively protect the generator and prevent the generator from being damaged by lightning stroke, and is simple in structure, convenient to use, low in manufacturing cost, convenient to manufacture, high in practicability and beneficial to popularization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of lightning protection for wind turbines, and in particular to a lightning protection system for vertical axis wind turbines. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the wind power industry, the power of wind turbines is getting bigger and bigger, and the corresponding tower height and blade length are also gradually increasing. However, some areas cannot install high-power horizontal-axis wind turbines due to height restrictions, ecological red lines, geographical locations and other factors. Since the development of new energy industries is strongly supported, vertical-axis wind turbines are installed in these areas. In areas with high altitudes, by rivers, on roofs, and by the sea, vertical-axis wind turbines are the tallest buildings around and are at risk of lightning strikes.

[0003] In order to prevent the vertical axis wind turbine from being damaged by lightning and the lightning current passing through the generator, some lightning protection measures can be taken on the vertical axis wind turbine.

[0004] For example, the Chinese utility model patent with application number CN202023001965.2 discloses a spherical vertical axis wind turbine with a lightning rod. The lightning protection principle is to add a lightning rod on the top of the spherical vertical axis wind turbine. When the lightning current hits the lightning rod, because the blades are connected to the conductive wires, the lightning current flows along the blades to the conductive wires and then flows into the earth, thereby achieving lightning protection, and the lightning current does not pass through the generator, thereby protecting the generator.

[0005] However, this lightning protection method cannot be used for some vertical axis wind turbines (such as H-type, FH-type, FX-type and other vertical axis wind turbines). Figure 1 As shown, the generator of the H-type vertical axis wind turbine is in the middle, with conductive devices on the top and bottom, and the blades are not connected to the conductive devices, so the lightning current cannot be conducted. If the above method is used for lightning protection, a lightning rod is directly added to the top, then after being struck by lightning, the lightning stroke will all pass through the generator, and the lightning current cannot be guided through the blades, which will cause damage to the generator.

[0006] Therefore, the applicability of the existing lightning protection system is limited, and it is difficult to meet the use requirements of H-type, FH-type, FX-type and other vertical axis wind turbines, and it cannot effectively protect the generators. Therefore, it is urgent to design a new type of lightning protection system for vertical axis wind turbines. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present invention aims to provide a lightning protection system for vertical axis wind turbines to solve the problem that the existing lightning protection system has limited applicability, is difficult to meet the use requirements of H-type, FH-type, FX-type and other vertical axis wind turbines, and cannot effectively protect the generators.

[0008] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0009] The present invention provides a lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine, comprising a lightning rod, an upper conductive mechanism, a middle conductive mechanism, a lower conductive mechanism and a grounding conductive network;

[0010] The lightning rod is installed on the tower of the vertical axis wind turbine; the upper conductive mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the lightning rod and connected to the lightning rod; the lower conductive mechanism is connected to the tower of the vertical axis wind turbine; the middle conductive mechanism is connected between the upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism; the lower conductive mechanism is connected to the conductive rod inside the tower, and the conductive rod is connected to the grounding conductive grid.

[0011] The vertical axis wind turbine comprises a generator, the top of the generator is connected to a tower pole, the bottom of the generator is connected to a tower tube, the tower pole is connected to a connecting shaft, a plurality of connecting rods are connected to the connecting shaft at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a blade is connected to the end of each connecting rod.

[0012] As the preferred technical solution:

[0013] The lightning rod is fixedly installed on the top of the tower.

[0014] As the preferred technical solution:

[0015] A first connecting hole is provided on the upper conductive mechanism, the lightning rod is located in the first connecting hole, and the lightning rod is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the upper conductive mechanism.

[0016] As the preferred technical solution:

[0017] The lower conductive mechanism is arranged between the generator and the tower of the vertical axis wind turbine, and is located at the top of the tower. A second connecting hole is opened on the lower conductive mechanism, and the diameter of the second connecting hole is adapted to the diameter of the tower. The lower conductive mechanism is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the tower.

[0018] As the preferred technical solution:

[0019] The lower conductive mechanism is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the generator, and an insulating layer is provided on one side of the generator connected to the lower conductive mechanism.

[0020] As the preferred technical solution:

[0021] The insulating layer can be formed by applying insulating varnish.

[0022] As the preferred technical solution:

[0023] The upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism both adopt a circular ring structure.

[0024] As the preferred technical solution:

[0025] The lightning rod and the tower pole, the lightning rod and the upper conductive mechanism, and the tower and the lower conductive mechanism can be connected by welding, bolt connection, or the like.

[0026] As the preferred technical solution:

[0027] The upper end of the conductive rod is connected to the lower conductive mechanism, and the lower end of the conductive rod is connected to the grounded conductive grid.

[0028] As the preferred technical solution:

[0029] The conductive rod can be connected to the lower conductive mechanism by means of a conductive wire or the like.

[0030] As the preferred technical solution:

[0031] The middle conductive mechanism adopts a strip-shaped arc-shaped structural member.

[0032] As the preferred technical solution:

[0033] A plurality of the middle conductive mechanisms are connected between the upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism, and all the middle conductive mechanisms are evenly and spacedly arranged in a ring direction.

[0034] As the preferred technical solution:

[0035] The connection between the middle conductive mechanism and the upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism may also be welding, bolt connection, etc.

[0036] As the preferred technical solution:

[0037] The tower is installed on a base, the grounding conductive grid is located below the base, and the conductive rod passes through the base and is connected to the grounding conductive grid.

[0038] As the preferred technical solution:

[0039] The base is not limited to the above arrangement. According to actual conditions, the base can also be installed below the grounding conductive grid. A suitable installation method can be selected according to the local land properties.

[0040] As the preferred technical solution:

[0041] The upper conductive mechanism, the middle conductive mechanism, and the lower conductive mechanism may be made of copper, aluminum alloy, and the like.

[0042] As the preferred technical solution:

[0043] The conductive mechanism may be a copper braided belt.

[0044] As the preferred technical solution:

[0045] The vertical axis wind turbine is an H-type vertical axis wind turbine.

[0046] As the preferred technical solution:

[0047] The vertical axis wind turbine is not limited to the H-type vertical axis wind turbine, and can also be an FH-type, FX-type or other wind turbine with vertical blades.

[0048] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] 1. The present invention designs a lightning rod, an upper conductive mechanism, a middle conductive mechanism, a lower conductive mechanism and a grounding conductive network. When struck by lightning, the lightning current is conducted to the upper conductive mechanism through the lightning rod, then to the lower conductive mechanism through the middle conductive mechanism, then to the grounding conductive network through the conductive rod, and finally to the earth, thereby effectively protecting the generator and preventing the generator from being damaged by lightning.

[0050] 2. The lightning protection system of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to use, has a low cost, is easy to manufacture, has strong practicability, is conducive to promotion, and has wide applicability, thus making up for the defect that there is no applicable lightning protection system for vertical axis wind turbines (such as FH type, FX type, H type, etc. vertical axis wind turbines). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an H-type vertical axis wind turbine.

[0052] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the installation of the lightning protection system for the vertical axis wind turbine according to the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the connection between the lightning rod and the upper conductive mechanism of the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the generator and the lower conductive mechanism described in the present invention.

[0055] Icons: 1-lightning rod, 2-upper conductive mechanism, 3-blade, 4-connecting shaft, 5-connecting rod, 6-middle conductive mechanism, 7-generator, 8-conductive rod, 9-lower conductive mechanism, 10-tower, 11-grounding conductive grid, 12-base, 13-bolt, 14-tower. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1

[0058] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment provides a lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine, wherein, as Figure 1 As shown, the vertical axis wind turbine includes a generator 7, the top of the generator 7 is connected to a tower pole 14, the bottom of the generator 7 is connected to a tower 10, the tower pole 14 is connected to a connecting shaft 4, a plurality of connecting rods 5 are connected to the connecting shaft 4 at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a blade 3 is connected to the end of each connecting rod 5.

[0059] The lightning protection system comprises a lightning rod 1, an upper conductive mechanism 2, a middle conductive mechanism 6, a lower conductive mechanism 9 and a grounding conductive grid 11. The lightning rod 1 is fixedly mounted on the top of a tower 14 of a vertical axis wind turbine, and the lightning rod 1 and the tower 14 can be connected by welding, bolting or the like.

[0060] like Figure 3 As shown, the upper conductive mechanism 2 is sleeved on the outside of the lightning rod 1 and is fixedly connected to the lightning rod 1. Specifically, a first connection hole is opened in the middle of the upper conductive mechanism 2, and the lightning rod 1 is located in the first connection hole. The lightning rod 1 and the upper conductive mechanism 2 can be connected by welding, bolt connection, etc. In this embodiment, the upper conductive mechanism 2 is in the shape of a ring.

[0061] like Figure 4 As shown, the lower conductive mechanism 9 is arranged between the generator 7 and the tower 10 of the vertical axis wind turbine, and is located at the top of the tower 10 and is fixedly connected to the tower 10. Specifically, a second connection hole is provided in the middle of the lower conductive mechanism 9, and the diameter of the second connection hole is adapted to the diameter of the tower 10. The tower 10 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 can be connected by welding, bolt connection, etc. In this embodiment, the lower conductive mechanism 9 is in the shape of a ring.

[0062] The lower conductive mechanism 9 can be further connected to the generator 7. At this time, an insulating layer is provided on one side of the generator 7 connected to the lower conductive mechanism 9 to prevent lightning current from being transmitted to the generator 7 and damaging the generator 7. The insulating layer can be formed by applying insulating paint. The generator 7 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 can also be connected by welding, bolting, etc.

[0063] The middle conductive mechanism 6 is arranged between the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 , and the upper and lower ends of the middle conductive mechanism 6 are connected to the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 respectively.

[0064] In this embodiment, a plurality of the middle conductive mechanisms 6 are connected between the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 , and all the middle conductive mechanisms 6 are evenly and spaced apart in a circumferential direction.

[0065] The connection between the middle conductive mechanism 6 and the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 may also be welding, bolt connection, etc.

[0066] In this embodiment, the middle conductive mechanism 6 is connected to the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 by bolts. On the one hand, a plurality of third connecting holes can be directly opened on the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9, and then the bolts 13 are passed through the middle conductive mechanism 6 and the corresponding third connecting holes to achieve connection. On the other hand, a connecting seat can be fixedly provided on the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9, a plurality of third connecting holes can be opened on the connecting seat, and then the bolts 13 are passed through the middle conductive mechanism 6 and the corresponding third connecting holes to achieve connection.

[0067] The middle conductive mechanism 6 is preferably a strip-shaped arc-shaped structural member, such as a copper braided belt, but it is not limited to this shape, and other structural members that can be connected between the upper conductive mechanism 2 and the lower conductive mechanism 9 to achieve the conductive function can also be used. To achieve conductivity, the upper conductive mechanism 2, the middle conductive mechanism 6, and the lower conductive mechanism 9 can be made of copper, aluminum alloy, etc.

[0068] A conductive rod 8 is provided inside the tower 10, the upper end of the conductive rod 8 is connected to the lower conductive mechanism 9, for example, by a conductive wire, and the lower end of the conductive rod 8 is connected to the grounding conductive grid 11. Therefore, when struck by lightning, the lightning current is conducted to the upper conductive mechanism 2 through the lightning rod 1, then to the lower conductive mechanism 9 through the middle conductive mechanism 6, then flows into the grounding conductive grid 11 through the conductive rod 8, and finally to the ground, thereby protecting the generator 7 from damage caused by lightning strike.

[0069] Furthermore, the tower 10 is installed on a base 12, the grounding conductive grid 11 is located below the base 12, and the conductive rod 8 passes through the base 12 and is connected to the grounding conductive grid 11. However, the base 12 is not limited to this arrangement, and according to actual conditions, the base 12 can also be installed below the grounding conductive grid 11, and a suitable installation method can be selected according to the local land properties.

[0070] The lightning protection system of the present invention has a simple structure, is easy to use, has a low cost, is easy to manufacture, has strong practicability, is conducive to promotion, and has wide applicability, making up for the defect that vertical axis wind turbines such as FH type, FX type, and H type have no applicable lightning protection system; the lightning protection system of the present invention can effectively prevent the generator from being damaged by lightning current.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that: It includes a lightning rod, an upper conductive mechanism, a middle conductive mechanism, a lower conductive mechanism and a grounding conductive network; The lightning rod is installed on the tower of the vertical axis wind turbine; the upper conductive mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the lightning rod and connected to the lightning rod; the lower conductive mechanism is connected to the tower of the vertical axis wind turbine; the middle conductive mechanism is connected between the upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism; the lower conductive mechanism is connected to the conductive rod inside the tower, and the conductive rod is connected to the grounding conductive grid.

2. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first connecting hole is provided on the upper conductive mechanism, the lightning rod is located in the first connecting hole, and the lightning rod is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the upper conductive mechanism.

3. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower conductive mechanism is arranged between the generator and the tower of the vertical axis wind turbine, and is located at the top of the tower. A second connecting hole is opened on the lower conductive mechanism, and the diameter of the second connecting hole is adapted to the diameter of the tower. The lower conductive mechanism is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the tower.

4. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower conductive mechanism is fixedly connected or detachably connected to the generator, and an insulating layer is provided on one side of the generator connected to the lower conductive mechanism.

5. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism both adopt a circular ring structure.

6. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the conductive rod is connected to the lower conductive mechanism, and the lower end of the conductive rod is connected to the grounded conductive grid.

7. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The middle conductive mechanism adopts a strip-shaped arc-shaped structural member.

8. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the middle conductive mechanisms are connected between the upper conductive mechanism and the lower conductive mechanism, and all the middle conductive mechanisms are evenly and spacedly arranged in a ring direction.

9. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tower is installed on a base, the grounding conductive grid is located below the base, and the conductive rod passes through the base and is connected to the grounding conductive grid.

10. The lightning protection system for a vertical axis wind turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The vertical axis wind turbine is an H-type vertical axis wind turbine.

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