Optical assembly for laser cladding and use method thereof

Abstract

According to the technical scheme, the optical assembly for laser cladding is characterized by comprising a laser cladding head body, the laser cladding head body is provided with a mounting straight cylinder, a movable frame is arranged on the outer side surface of the mounting straight cylinder, and two annular reflective mirror blocks are arranged on the inner side surface of the mounting straight cylinder; a two-way threaded rod is rotationally connected into the movable frame through a bearing, two movable supports are connected to the two-way threaded rod in a threaded mode, one side of each movable support is inserted into the mounting straight barrel, the other side of each movable support is fixedly connected with the annular reflective mirror block, and a cone mirror block is arranged in the mounting straight barrel; the two movable supports can be conveniently adjusted to move oppositely or oppositely, so that the positions of the two annular reflective mirror blocks are driven to be adjusted, the reflection angle of a laser beam line is adjusted, the diameter of a light spot is adjusted, and the grain refining effect and the hardness of a cladding layer are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, and in particular to an optical component for laser cladding and a method of using the same. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding technology uses different feeding methods and high-power density laser beams to heat and melt the material surface non-contactly, and then achieves surface modification through rapid cooling of the cladding material and the formation of a cladding layer with different microstructures. Laser cladding is a complex physical, chemical and metallurgical process.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent with the authorization announcement number CN111020569B discloses a single-beam dual-spot composite energy field laser cladding head and its optical components, including a support frame, defining a channel for the laser beam to enter; a right prism semi-transparent reflector arranged at the central position of the second part of the support frame, having a bottom surface that allows the laser beam to pass through and a side surface that reflects the laser beam; an annular reflector block surrounding the outer side of the right prism semi-transparent reflector; a first pad supporting the annular reflector block; a fixed plate supporting the right prism semi-transparent reflector; a sleeve bracket arranged below the fixed plate; a conical reflector arranged on the bottom surface of the sleeve bracket; and a reflector that can be driven to rotate. The laser cladding head of the present invention has a laser stirring optical path and a laser cladding optical path. Through the annular spot laser cladding, the stirring spot performs molten pool stirring and dual-energy field remelting, which effectively solves the problems of high porosity, coarse grains, uneven powder melting and uneven surface of the cladding layer in traditional laser cladding.

[0004] The above-mentioned single-beam dual-spot composite energy field laser cladding head and its optical components have the advantage of solving the problems of uneven powder melting and uneven surface of the cladding layer; however, the above-mentioned single-beam dual-spot composite energy field laser cladding head and its optical components still have some disadvantages, such as: the annular reflector block is directly fixed in the laser cladding head, the position is fixed, and there is no spot adjustment function, which makes the spot diameter too small, the heat energy is too concentrated, and the grain refinement effect is not good, which will lead to insufficient hardness of the cladding layer and is not conducive to large-area coating; if the spot diameter is too large, the input heat energy is too low, it cannot be completely melted, the bonding quality is reduced, and the tendency of cracking increases. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems mentioned in the background technology, an object of the present invention is to provide an optical component for laser cladding and a method of using the same to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An optical component for laser cladding, comprising a laser cladding head body, the laser cladding head body is provided with a mounting straight cylinder, a movable frame is provided on the outer surface of the mounting straight cylinder, and two annular reflective mirror blocks are provided on the inner surface, a bidirectional threaded rod is rotatably connected in the movable frame through a bearing, two movable brackets are threadedly connected on the bidirectional threaded rod, one side of the movable bracket is inserted in the mounting straight cylinder, and one side is fixedly connected to the annular reflective mirror block, and a conical mirror block is provided in the mounting straight cylinder;

[0008] A cylinder is slidably connected to the inner side of the lower end of the mounting straight cylinder, and a conical head is connected to the lower end of the cylinder. Two symmetrical first mounting blocks are fixed on the side surface of the mounting straight cylinder, and a push rod is fixed on the first mounting block, and the push rod is fixedly connected to the conical head.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod are rotatably connected to the mobile frame on the mounting straight cylinder, which facilitates the adjustment of the positions of the two mobile brackets moving toward or oppositely, thereby driving the positions of the two annular reflector blocks to be adjusted, and adjusting the reflection angle of the laser beam line, thereby adjusting the size of the spot diameter, improving the grain refinement effect and the hardness of the cladding layer, and the cylinder on the upper end of the conical head can be driven by the push rod to slide smoothly in the mounting straight cylinder, and the diameter of the spot can be fine-tuned, which greatly improves the use effect of the optical component.

[0010] Preferably, a motor assembly for driving the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate is fixed on the mobile frame, and the motor assembly includes a servo motor, a first sprocket, a second sprocket and a chain, the second sprocket is fixed on the bidirectional threaded rod, the first sprocket is fixed on the motor shaft of the servo motor, both sides of the chain are connected to the first sprocket and the second sprocket, and the servo motor is fixed on the mobile frame.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the motor shaft of the servo motor drives the first sprocket to rotate, and through the cooperation of the chain, it can drive the second sprocket fixed on the input end of the bidirectional threaded rod to rotate, so that the bidirectional threaded rod can rotate smoothly, which is convenient for adjusting the distance between the two movable brackets, thereby driving the two annular reflector blocks to move, making it convenient to adjust the reflection angle of the laser beam line, and can adjust the spot diameter.

[0012] Preferably, a dust cover is fixed on the movable frame, and the dust cover is sleeved on the bidirectional threaded rod and the motor shaft of the servo motor, and the first sprocket, the second sprocket and the chain are all arranged in the dust cover.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the first sprocket, the second sprocket and the chain can be protected from dust by the dustproof cover, thereby improving the running stability.

[0014] Preferably, two arc-shaped fixing blocks are fixed on the back side of the movable frame, and the arc-shaped fixing blocks are fixed on the mounting straight cylinder.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the arc-shaped fixing block can fit on the installation straight cylinder to improve the stability of the installation of the movable frame.

[0016] Preferably, rectangular grooves are provided on both sides of the mobile frame, one side of the mobile bracket is slidably connected in the rectangular groove, and a protective baffle is fixed on one side surface of the mobile frame.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the movable bracket can move smoothly on the movable frame through the rectangular groove, and the dust-proof effect inside the movable frame is improved through the protective baffle.

[0018] Preferably, the push rod member includes an electric push rod and a flange, the electric push rod is fixed on the first mounting block, and the output end is fixedly connected to the flange, and the flange is mounted on the conical head by means of provided screws.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the cone head can be driven to move vertically downward through the cooperation of the electric push rod and the flange.

[0020] Preferably, a rubber sleeve is fixed on the mounting straight cylinder, and the rubber sleeve is sleeved on the movable bracket.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the dust on the movable bracket can be cleaned through the rubber sleeve to prevent the dust from entering the installation straight tube.

[0022] Preferably, a second mounting block is fixed on one side of the cylinder, a guide limit rod is slidably connected to the second mounting block, and the guide limit rod is threadedly connected to the conical head.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the stability of the vertical movement of the cylinder is greatly improved when the guide limit rod is slidably connected in the second mounting block.

[0024] Preferably, a feeding cylinder is vertically fixed on the conical head, and an air delivery pipe and a material delivery pipe are respectively connected to the top of the feeding cylinder.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the feeding tube is convenient for conveying the cladding material to the surface of the workpiece, the gas pipe is mainly used for conveying nitrogen, and the material pipe is mainly used for conveying cladding powder.

[0026] A method for using an optical component for laser cladding comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: The laser beam is received by the conical mirror block, and the laser beam is reflected by the conical mirror block to two annular reflector blocks to form a light spot. The annular reflector block reflects the formed light spot to form an annular light, which is transmitted to the bottom of the conical head;

[0028] Step 2: The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod are rotatably connected to the mobile frame installed on the straight cylinder, and the two mobile brackets are adjusted to move toward or oppositely, thereby driving the positions of the two annular reflector blocks to adjust the reflection angle of the laser beam, so that the light can be reflected to the surface of the workpiece again, forming an annular light spot for laser cladding, and forming a laser cladding optical path;

[0029] Step 3: Install the straight cylinder. Fix the push rod member through the first mounting block on the side surface. According to the position height of the workpiece, the conical head is driven to move vertically downward by the push rod member. At the same time, the cylinder slides on the lower end of the installed straight cylinder to smoothly adjust the working height of the conical head.

[0030] In summary, the present invention mainly has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] First, in the optical assembly for laser cladding, the two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod are rotatably connected to the mobile frame installed on the straight cylinder, which is convenient for adjusting the positions of the two mobile brackets to move toward or away from each other, thereby driving the positions of the two annular reflector blocks to be adjusted, adjusting the reflection angle of the laser beam, thereby adjusting the size of the spot diameter, and improving the grain refinement effect and the hardness of the cladding layer;

[0032] Second, in the optical component for laser cladding, the cylinder at the upper end of the conical head can be driven to slide smoothly in the mounting straight cylinder through the push rod, so that the diameter of the light spot can be fine-tuned, thereby greatly improving the use effect of the optical component. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is the second structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 It is the third structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 It is a structural cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0037] Figure numerals: 1. laser cladding head body; 2. mounting straight cylinder; 3. moving frame; 4. annular reflector block; 5. bidirectional threaded rod; 6. moving bracket; 7. conical mirror block; 8. cylinder; 9. conical head; 10. first mounting block; 11. push rod; 111. electric push rod; 112. flange; 12. motor assembly; 121. servo motor; 122. first sprocket; 123. second sprocket; 124. chain; 13. dust cover; 14. rectangular groove; 15. protective baffle; 16. rubber sleeve; 17. second mounting block; 18. guide limit rod; 19. feeding barrel; 20. air pipe; 21. feeding pipe; 22. arc fixing block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 , an optical component for laser cladding, comprising a laser cladding head body 1, the laser cladding head body 1 is provided with a mounting straight cylinder 2, a moving frame 3 is provided on the outer surface of the mounting straight cylinder 2, and two annular reflector blocks 4 are provided on the inner surface, a bidirectional threaded rod 5 is rotatably connected to the moving frame 3 through a bearing, two moving brackets 6 are threadedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod 5, one side of the moving bracket 6 is inserted into the mounting straight cylinder 2, and one side is fixedly connected to the annular reflector block 4, a conical mirror block 7 is provided in the mounting straight cylinder 2, wherein a motor assembly 12 for driving the bidirectional threaded rod 5 to rotate is fixed on the moving frame 3, and the motor assembly 12 comprises a servo motor 121, a first sprocket 122, and a second sprocket 123 and chain 124, the second sprocket 123 is fixed on the bidirectional threaded rod 5, the first sprocket 122 is fixed on the motor shaft of the servo motor 121, both sides of the chain 124 are connected to the first sprocket 122 and the second sprocket 123, the servo motor 121 is fixed on the mobile frame 3, the motor shaft of the servo motor 121 drives the first sprocket 122 to rotate, and through the cooperation of the chain 124, the second sprocket 123 fixed on the input end of the bidirectional threaded rod 5 can be driven to rotate, so that the bidirectional threaded rod 5 can rotate smoothly, which is convenient for adjusting the distance between the two mobile brackets 6, thereby driving the two annular reflector blocks 4 to move, which is convenient for adjusting the reflection angle of the laser beam line and the spot diameter;

[0040] A cylinder 8 is slidably connected to the inner side of the lower end of the installation straight cylinder 2, and a conical head 9 is connected to the lower end of the cylinder 8. Two symmetrical first mounting blocks 10 are fixed on the side surface of the installation straight cylinder 2, and a push rod member 11 is fixed on the first mounting block 10. The push rod member 11 is fixedly connected to the conical head 9. The push rod member 11 includes an electric push rod 111 and a flange 112. The electric push rod 111 is fixed on the first mounting block 10, and the output end is fixedly connected to the flange 112. The flange 112 is installed on the conical head 9 by means of provided screws. Through the cooperation of the electric push rod 111 and the flange 112, the conical head 9 can be conveniently driven to move vertically downward.

[0041] When in use, step one, the laser beam is received by the conical mirror block 7, and the laser beam is reflected by the conical mirror block 7 into the two annular reflector blocks 4 to form a light spot, and the annular reflector blocks 4 reflect the formed light spot to form an annular light, which is transmitted to the bottom of the conical head 9; step two, the two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod 5 are rotatably connected to the movable frame 3 on the installation straight cylinder 2, and the two movable brackets 6 are adjusted to move toward or opposite positions, thereby driving the positions of the two annular reflector blocks 4 to adjust the reflection angle of the laser beam, so that the light can be reflected to the surface of the workpiece again, forming an annular light spot for laser cladding, and forming a laser cladding optical path; step three, the installation straight cylinder 2 is fixed to the push rod member 11 by the first installation block 10 on the side surface, and the conical head 9 is driven to move vertically downward by the push rod member 11 according to the position height of the workpiece, and the cylinder 8 slides at the lower end of the installation straight cylinder 2 to smoothly adjust the working height of the conical head 9.

[0042] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 A dust cover 13 is fixed on the movable frame 3, and the dust cover 13 is mounted on the bidirectional threaded rod 5 and the motor shaft of the servo motor 121. The first sprocket 122, the second sprocket 123 and the chain 124 are all arranged in the dust cover 13. The dust cover 13 can prevent the first sprocket 122, the second sprocket 123 and the chain 124 from being affected by dust, thereby improving the smooth performance of operation.

[0043] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 Two arc-shaped fixing blocks 22 are fixed on the back of the mobile frame 3 , and the arc-shaped fixing blocks 22 are fixed on the installation straight tube 2 . The arc-shaped fixing blocks 22 can fit on the installation straight tube 2 to improve the stability of the installation of the mobile frame 3 .

[0044] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 Rectangular grooves 14 are provided on both sides of the mobile frame 3, one side of the mobile bracket 6 is slidably connected in the rectangular groove 14, and a protective baffle 15 is fixed on the surface of one side of the mobile frame 3. The rectangular groove 14 can enable the mobile bracket 6 to move smoothly on the mobile frame 3, and the protective baffle 15 can improve the dust-proof effect inside the mobile frame 3.

[0045] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 A rubber sleeve 16 is fixed on the installation straight cylinder 2, and the rubber sleeve 16 is sleeved on the mobile bracket 6. The rubber sleeve 16 can be used to clean the dust on the mobile bracket 6 to prevent the dust from entering the installation straight cylinder 2.

[0046] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 A second mounting block 17 is fixed on one side of the cylinder 8, and a guide limit rod 18 is slidably connected to the second mounting block 17. The guide limit rod 18 is threadedly connected to the conical head 9. When the guide limit rod 18 is slidably connected in the second mounting block 17, the stability of the vertical movement of the cylinder 8 is greatly improved.

[0047] refer to Figure 1-Figure 4 A feeding barrel 19 is vertically fixed on the conical head 9, and an air pipe 20 and a feeding pipe 21 are respectively connected to the top of the feeding barrel 19. The feeding barrel 19 is convenient for conveying the cladding material to the surface of the workpiece. The air pipe 20 is mainly used for conveying nitrogen, and the feeding pipe 21 is mainly used for conveying cladding powder.

[0048] A method for using an optical component for laser cladding comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: The laser beam is received by the conical mirror block 7, and the laser beam is reflected by the conical mirror block 7 to the two annular reflector blocks 4 to form a light spot. The annular reflector blocks 4 reflect the formed light spot to form an annular light, which is transmitted to the bottom of the conical head 9;

[0050] Step 2: The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod 5 are rotatably connected to the mobile frame 3 installed on the straight cylinder 2, and the two mobile brackets 6 are adjusted to move toward or opposite positions, thereby driving the positions of the two annular reflector blocks 4 to adjust the reflection angle of the laser beam line, so that the light can be reflected to the surface of the workpiece again, forming an annular light spot for laser cladding, and forming a laser cladding optical path;

[0051] Step 3: Install the straight cylinder 2 and fix the push rod 11 through the first mounting block 10 on the side surface. According to the position height of the workpiece, the conical head 9 is driven to move vertically downward by the push rod 11. At the same time, the cylinder 8 slides at the lower end of the installation straight cylinder 2 to smoothly adjust the working height of the conical head 9.

[0052] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An optical component for laser cladding, comprising a laser cladding head body (1), characterized in that: The laser cladding head body (1) is provided with a mounting straight cylinder (2), a movable frame (3) is provided on the outer surface of the mounting straight cylinder (2), and two annular reflector blocks (4) are provided on the inner surface, a bidirectional threaded rod (5) is rotatably connected to the movable frame (3) via a bearing, two movable brackets (6) are threadedly connected to the bidirectional threaded rod (5), one side of the movable bracket (6) is inserted into the mounting straight cylinder (2), and one side is fixedly connected to the annular reflector block (4), and a conical mirror block (7) is provided in the mounting straight cylinder (2); A cylinder (8) is slidably connected to the inner side of the lower end of the mounting straight cylinder (2), and a conical head (9) is connected to the lower end of the cylinder (8). Two symmetrical first mounting blocks (10) are fixed on the side surface of the mounting straight cylinder (2), and a push rod (11) is fixed on the first mounting block (10), and the push rod (11) is fixedly connected to the conical head (9).

2. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A motor assembly (12) for driving the bidirectional threaded rod (5) to rotate is fixed on the mobile frame (3); the motor assembly (12) comprises a servo motor (121), a first sprocket (122), a second sprocket (123) and a chain (124); the second sprocket (123) is fixed on the bidirectional threaded rod (5); the first sprocket (122) is fixed on the motor shaft of the servo motor (121); two sides of the chain (124) are connected to the first sprocket (122) and the second sprocket (123); and the servo motor (121) is fixed on the mobile frame (3).

3. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 2, characterized in that: A dust cover (13) is fixed on the movable frame (3), and the dust cover (13) is mounted on the bidirectional threaded rod (5) and the motor shaft of the servo motor (121), and the first sprocket (122), the second sprocket (123) and the chain (124) are all arranged in the dust cover (13).

4. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two arc-shaped fixing blocks (22) are fixed on the back of the movable frame (3), and the arc-shaped fixing blocks (22) are fixed on the installation straight cylinder (2).

5. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: Rectangular grooves (14) are provided on both sides of the mobile frame (3), one side of the mobile bracket (6) is slidably connected in the rectangular groove (14), and a protective baffle (15) is fixed on the surface of one side of the mobile frame (3).

6. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod member (11) comprises an electric push rod (111) and a flange (112); the electric push rod (111) is fixed on the first mounting block (10), and an output end is fixedly connected to the flange (112); the flange (112) is mounted on the conical head (9) by means of provided screws.

7. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber sleeve (16) is fixed on the installation straight cylinder (2), and the rubber sleeve (16) is sleeved on the movable bracket (6).

8. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second mounting block (17) is fixed on one side of the cylinder (8), a guide limit rod (18) is slidably connected to the second mounting block (17), and the guide limit rod (18) is threadedly connected to the conical head (9).

9. The optical component for laser cladding according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding cylinder (19) is vertically fixed on the conical head (9), and an air delivery pipe (20) and a material delivery pipe (21) are respectively connected to the top of the feeding cylinder (19).

10. A method for using an optical component for laser cladding, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: receiving the laser beam through the conical mirror block (7), the laser beam is reflected by the conical mirror block (7) to the two annular reflector blocks (4) to form a light spot, the annular reflector block (4) reflects the formed light spot to form an annular light, and transmits it to the bottom of the conical head (9); Step 2: The two ends of the bidirectional threaded rod (5) are rotatably connected to the movable frame (3) installed on the straight cylinder (2), and the two movable brackets (6) are adjusted to move toward or away from each other, thereby driving the positions of the two annular reflector blocks (4) to adjust the reflection angle of the laser beam, so that the light can be reflected to the surface of the workpiece again, forming an annular light spot for laser cladding, and forming a laser cladding optical path; Step 3: Install the straight cylinder (2) and fix the push rod (11) through the first mounting block (10) on the side surface. According to the position height of the workpiece, the conical head (9) is driven by the push rod (11) to move vertically downward. At the same time, the cylinder (8) slides on the lower end of the installation straight cylinder (2) to smoothly adjust the working height of the conical head (9).

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