Sluice system and method for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy

Abstract

The invention provides a sluice system and method for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy. The sluice system comprises a water inlet sluice, a water outlet sluice, a middle pier and a flow dividing wall, a water inlet gate and a water outlet gate are arranged side by side in a line shape in the width direction of a river water inlet and outlet at the position of the river water inlet and outlet at the junction of the river and the outside river. A middle pier is arranged between the water inlet gate and the water outlet gate; a diversion wall extends from the inner side of the middle pier to the inner side of the river. According to the water gate system and method for automatically improving the water quality of the river by utilizing the tidal energy, the water gate system is arranged at the junction of the river and the external river, and the water gate system is automatically driven to operate by utilizing fluctuation of tidal water of the external river, so that water in the river can be kept in a directional flowing state for a long time and can be fully exchanged with the external river; therefore, river water quality and surrounding environment are improved. The method is small in project investment, operation of the sluice does not consume energy, equipment is convenient to overhaul and maintain, and the method can be widely applied to river surge treatment projects in coastal areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment management and water conservancy engineering, and specifically relates to a sluice system and method for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy. Background Art

[0002] Urban rivers and streams refer to natural or artificial waterways used for flood control, drainage, drainage and navigation in urban areas. Most cities in coastal areas have a large number of rivers and streams. Due to the influence of tidal support, the water flow and drainage capacity of rivers and streams is greatly reduced, the water flow reverberates, and the water quality cannot be fully exchanged with the outer river. Therefore, the self-purification capacity of rivers and streams is greatly limited, resulting in frequent environmental deterioration such as black mud accumulation at the bottom of rivers and streams and odor on the surface.

[0003] At present, the methods for improving river water quality mainly include biochemical treatment and water diversion and replenishment by gate pumping stations. (I) Biochemical treatment method: Biochemical treatment methods include activated sludge method, biological filter, biological contact oxidation pond method, etc. This type of treatment method has complex operating procedures and requires long-term water replenishment, aeration, dredging, biological control and other work. Therefore, the later operation of the biochemical treatment method requires a long-term investment of a large amount of funds. (II) Water diversion and replenishment by gate pumping station: The water diversion and replenishment method by gate pumping station is to use the newly built sluice and pumping station system to divert water to the river, and improve the water quality and surrounding environment of the river by improving the water flow state in the river. This method requires a large initial project investment, and the sluice and pumping station system will consume a certain amount of energy during operation in the later stage, and the equipment itself also needs regular inspection and maintenance. Therefore, it still has the problem of large capital investment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a sluice system and method for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The present invention provides a sluice system for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy, comprising a sluice (1), a sluice (2), a middle pier (3) and a diversion wall (4);

[0007] At the inlet and outlet of a river where a river meets an outer river, the water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2) are arranged side by side in a straight line along the width direction of the inlet and outlet of the river; the middle pier (3) is arranged between the water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2); and the diversion wall (4) is arranged starting from the inner side of the middle pier (3) and extending toward the inner side of the river.

[0008] Preferably, along the width direction of the river inlet and outlet, the number of gate holes for installing the water inlet gate (1) is arranged continuously, and the number of gate holes for installing the water discharge gate (2) is arranged continuously; according to the width of the river inlet and outlet, one or more gate holes of the water inlet gate (1) are arranged; and one or more gate holes of the water discharge gate (2) are arranged.

[0009] Preferably, the water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2) are both tidal self-controlled gates; the water inlet gate (1) automatically opens to allow flow when the tide is high, allowing water from the outer river to flow into the river; and automatically closes the gate hole when the tide is low; the water outlet gate (2) automatically closes the gate hole when the tide is high, and automatically opens to allow flow when the tide is low, allowing water from the river to flow into the outer river.

[0010] Preferably, the tidal automatic gate comprises a gate body (A1), a hinge device (A2) and a limit block (A3);

[0011] The hinge device (A2) is arranged at a position slightly above the center of the gate body (A1), so that the gate body (A1) can rotate along or against the water flow around the hinge device (A2); the gate body (A1) comprises a counterweight structure (A11) located in the area above the hinge device (A2) and a water retaining structure (A12) located in the area below the hinge device (A2); the counterweight structure (A11) and the water retaining structure (A12) form the gate body (A1) as a whole;

[0012] The limit block (A3) is arranged on a side pier of the gate hole and is used to limit the angle of rotation of the gate body (A1) around the support hinge device (A2), so that the limit position to which the gate body (A1) rotates from the initial closed state is the horizontal state when the gate is fully opened.

[0013] Preferably, when the tidal self-controlled gate is used as the water inlet gate (1), in the closed state, it is arranged at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, and the angle between it and the direction of the water flow from the outer river side to the river side is greater than 90°, and further restricts its position from the closed state, and can only rotate counterclockwise around the support hinge device (A2) under the action of the water flow from the outer river side to the river side, thereby realizing the opening of the water inlet gate (1);

[0014] When the tidal self-controlled gate is used as the water discharge gate (2), in the closed state, it is arranged to be inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, and its inclination direction is opposite to the inclination direction of the water inlet gate (1), and further restricts its position from the closed state. It can only rotate clockwise around the support hinge device (A2) under the action of the water flow from the river side to the outer river side, thereby realizing the opening of the water discharge gate (2).

[0015] Preferably, when the tidal automatic gate is used as the water inlet gate (1), the limit block (A3) is arranged on the outer river side, and its height is the same as the height when the water inlet gate (1) is rotated to a horizontal state; when the tidal automatic gate is used as the water discharge gate (2), the limit block (A3) is arranged on the river side, and its height is the same as the height when the water discharge gate (2) is rotated to a horizontal state.

[0016] Preferably, the counterweight structure (A11) comprises a frame structure (A111), a fixed counterweight (A112) and an adjustable counterweight system (A113); the fixed counterweight (A112) and the adjustable counterweight system (A113) are both installed on the surface of the frame structure (A111).

[0017] Preferably, the adjustable counterweight system (A113) is used to adjust the torque generated in the upper area of ​​the gate body (A1), thereby adjusting the automatic opening condition of the tidal automatic gate; the adjustable counterweight system (A113) includes a driving mechanism (A1131), a counterweight block (A1132) and a slide rail (A1133); the slide rail (A1133) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the frame structure (A111), and the counterweight block (A1132) is driven by the driving mechanism (A1131) to slide along the slide rail (A1133) and then approach or move away from the support hinge device (A2), and the torque generated in the upper area is adjusted by adjusting the position of the counterweight block (A1132).

[0018] Preferably, one end of the diversion wall (4) is connected and fixed to the middle pier (3), and the other end does not contact the tail of the river, so that there is a flow interval.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for improving river water quality by using the sluice system for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Step S1, adjusting the adjustable counterweight system (A113) according to the tidal state of the outer river at the geographical location of the river, specifically adjusting the position of the counterweight block (A1132) through the driving mechanism (A1131), thereby adjusting the torque, and finally adjusting the automatic opening conditions of the water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2); wherein the automatic opening condition is specifically: when the water level difference on both sides of the water inlet gate (1) or the water outlet gate (2) reaches a set value, the water inlet gate (1) or the water outlet gate (2) automatically opens;

[0021] Step S2, when the water level difference between the inlet gate (1) and the outlet gate (2) does not reach the set value, the inlet gate (1) and the outlet gate (2) remain in the initial closed state, at which time there is no water quality exchange between the river and the outer river;

[0022] Step S3, when the tide of the outer river rises, the water level on the outer river side gradually becomes higher than the water level on the river side. When the water level difference on both sides reaches a set value, under the action of the tide, the water inlet gate (1) automatically rotates around the support hinge device (A2), and the water inlet gate (1) is automatically opened. At this time, the water outlet gate (2) remains in a closed state. In this state, the water flow of the outer river continuously flows into the river through the opening of the water inlet gate (1), causing the water level on the river side to continuously rise, until the water level difference on both sides is lower than the set value, the water inlet gate (1) rotates in the opposite direction around the support hinge device (A2), and the water inlet gate (1) is automatically closed. At this time, the water outlet gate (2) still remains in a closed state;

[0023] When the tide of the outer river recedes, the water level on the outer river side gradually decreases. When the difference between the water level on the outer river side and the water level on the river side reaches a set value, the water flow on the river side causes the water discharge gate (2) to automatically rotate around the support hinge device (A2) and automatically open the water discharge gate (2). At this time, the water inlet gate (1) remains in a closed state. In this state, the river water flows into the outer river through the opening of the water discharge gate (2), causing the water level on the river side to continuously decrease until the water level difference on both sides is lower than the set value. The water discharge gate (2) rotates in the opposite direction around the support hinge device (A2) and automatically closes the water discharge gate (2). At this time, the water inlet gate (1) still remains in a closed state.

[0024] Through the above process, the rise and fall of the tide in the outer river is utilized to automatically operate the sluice system, so that the water in the river can maintain a directional flow state for a long time and fully exchange water quality with the outer river.

[0025] The sluice system and method for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0026] The present invention provides a sluice system and method for automatically improving the water quality of a river using tidal energy. A sluice system is set at the intersection of a river and an outer river, and the rise and fall of the outer river tide is used to automatically drive the sluice system to operate, so that the water in the river can maintain a directional flow state for a long time, and fully exchange water quality with the outer river, thereby improving the water quality of the river and the surrounding environment. The project investment of the present invention is small, the operation of the sluice does not require energy consumption, and the equipment is easy to repair and maintain, and can be widely used in river and creek management projects in coastal areas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A plan view of a sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 An elevation view of the water inlet gate provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 An elevation view of the water discharge gate provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4Elevation view of the tidal self-controlled gate provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 An upstream schematic diagram of the tidal automatic control gate provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an adjustable counterweight system provided by the present invention;

[0033] in:

[0034] 1. Inlet gate; 2. Outlet gate; 3. Middle pier; 4. Diversion wall; A1. Gate body; A2. Support hinge device; A3. Limit block; A11. Counterweight structure; A12. Water retaining structure; A111 Frame structure; A112 Fixed counterweight; A113 Adjustable counterweight system; A1131 Driving mechanism; A1132 Counterweight block; A1133 Slide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0036] The present invention provides a sluice system and method for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy. The sluice system is a simple and reliable one, which automatically improves the water quality of urban rivers and streams by utilizing the tidal energy in coastal areas, realizes full exchange of water quality in rivers and streams with that in external rivers, and effectively solves the problem of sewage treatment in rivers and streams.

[0037] The present invention provides a simple and reliable sluice system that utilizes tidal energy to automatically improve the water quality of rivers and streams. The system utilizes tidal energy to automatically improve the water quality of rivers and streams in coastal cities. The system is easy to operate, safe and reliable, requires little investment, and is easy to overhaul and maintain. The system can be widely used in river and stream management projects in coastal areas. Figure 1 , including a water inlet gate 1, a water outlet gate 2, a middle pier 3 and a diversion wall 4;

[0038] At the inlet and outlet of the river where the river meets the outer river, a water inlet gate 1 and a water outlet gate 2 are arranged side by side in a straight line along the width direction of the inlet and outlet of the river; a middle pier 3 is arranged between the water inlet gate 1 and the water outlet gate 2; the water inlet gate 1 and the water outlet gate 2 are separated by the middle pier 3; and a diversion wall 4 is arranged from the inner side of the middle pier 3 to the inner side of the river. The diversion wall 4 is a concrete wall or a detachable steel structure gate plate according to different construction and operation requirements.

[0039] In actual applications, along the width direction of the river inlet and outlet, the number of gate holes for installing the water inlet gate 1 is continuously arranged, and the number of gate holes for installing the water discharge gate 2 is continuously arranged. According to the width of the river inlet and outlet, one or more gate holes of the water inlet gate 1 are arranged; and one or more gate holes of the water discharge gate 2 are arranged.

[0040] As a preferred embodiment, in the present invention, both the water inlet gate 1 and the water outlet gate 2 are tidal self-controlled gates; the water inlet gate 1 automatically opens to allow flow when the tide rises, allowing the water from the outer river to flow into the river; and automatically closes the gate hole when the tide falls; the water outlet gate 2 automatically closes the gate hole when the tide rises, and automatically opens to allow flow when the tide falls, allowing the water from the river to flow into the outer river.

[0041] As a specific embodiment, see Figure 4 The tidal automatic gate includes a gate body A1, a support hinge device A2 and a limit block A3;

[0042] A support hinge device A2 is arranged at the upper center of the gate body A1, so that the gate body A1 can be flexibly rotated along or against the water flow around the support hinge device A2; in actual application, the support hinge device A2 includes a bearing and a support hinge shaft, and one end of the support hinge shaft is buried in the gate pier.

[0043] The gate body A1 includes a counterweight structure A11 located above the support hinge device A2 and a water retaining structure A12 located below the support hinge device A2; the counterweight structure A11 and the water retaining structure A12 form an integral gate body A1;

[0044] The limit block A3 is arranged on one side pier of the gate hole, and is used to limit the rotation angle of the gate body A1 around the support hinge device A2, so that the limit position of the gate body A1 rotating from the initial closed state is the horizontal state when the gate is fully opened.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the tidal automatic gate is used as the water inlet gate 1, it is arranged at a certain angle to the horizontal direction when in the closed state, such as Figure 2 As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a state diagram of the tidal self-controlled gate when it is used as the water inlet gate 1 in the closed state; the bottom of the water inlet gate 1 is supported by the bottom of the gate hole, and the angle between it and the direction of the water flow from the outer river side to the river side is greater than 90°, that is, the angle α in the figure is greater than 90°, and further restricts its position from the closed state, and it can only rotate counterclockwise around the support hinge device A2 under the action of the water flow from the outer river side to the river side, that is, around Figure 2 Rotate in the direction of the dashed arrow to open the water inlet gate 1;

[0046] When the tidal self-controlled gate is used as the water discharge gate 2, it is arranged at a certain angle to the horizontal direction when in the closed state, such as Figure 3As shown, it is a state diagram of the tidal automatic control gate when it is used as the water discharge gate 2 in the closed state; the bottom of the water discharge gate 2 is supported by the bottom of the gate hole, and its inclination direction is opposite to that of the water inlet gate 1. Figure 3 The angle β between the support hinge device A2 and the direction of the water flow from the river to the outer river is greater than 90°, which further limits the position of the support hinge device A2 from the closed state. The support hinge device A2 can only rotate clockwise around the support hinge device A2 under the action of the water flow from the river to the outer river. Figure 3 The dotted arrow direction is rotated to open the water discharge gate 2.

[0047] Further, when the tidal automatic gate is used as the water inlet gate 1, please refer to Figure 4 , the limit block A3 is arranged on the outer river side, and its height is the same as the height when the water inlet gate 1 is rotated to a horizontal state; when the tidal automatic control gate is used as the water discharge gate 2, the limit block A3 is arranged on the river side, and its height is the same as the height when the water discharge gate 2 is rotated to a horizontal state.

[0048] As a specific embodiment, see Figure 5 The counterweight structure A11 includes a frame structure A111, a fixed counterweight A112 and an adjustable counterweight system A113; the fixed counterweight A112 and the adjustable counterweight system A113 are both installed on the surface of the frame structure A111.

[0049] As a specific embodiment, see Figure 6 The adjustable counterweight system A113 is used to adjust the torque generated in the upper area of ​​the gate body A1, thereby adjusting the automatic opening conditions of the tidal automatic gate; the adjustable counterweight system A113 includes a driving mechanism A1131, a counterweight block A1132 and a slide rail A1133; the slide rail A1133 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the frame structure A111, and the two ends of the driving mechanism A1131 are respectively connected to the counterweight block A1132 and the frame structure A111 through pins; the counterweight block A1132 is driven by the driving mechanism A1131, and slides along the slide rail A1133, thereby approaching or moving away from the support hinge device A2, and the torque generated in the upper area is adjusted by adjusting the position of the counterweight block A1132.

[0050] In the present invention, by operating the adjustable counterweight system A113, the water inlet gate 1 and the water outlet gate 2 can automatically operate according to different tide level requirements, and the gate can be fully opened to reach the horizontal state.

[0051] In the present invention, one end of the diversion wall 4 is connected and fixed to the middle pier 3, and the other end does not contact the tail of the river, and there is a flow interval. By setting the diversion wall 4, the effect of water quality exchange in the river can be improved.

[0052] The present invention also provides a method for improving river water quality by using a sluice system that automatically improves river water quality using tidal energy, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step S1, according to the tidal state of the outer river where the river is located, the adjustable counterweight system A113 is adjusted, specifically, the position of the counterweight block A1132 is adjusted by the driving mechanism A1131, and then the torque is adjusted, and finally the automatic opening conditions of the water inlet gate 1 and the water discharge gate 2 are adjusted; wherein the automatic opening conditions are specifically: when the water level difference on both sides of the water inlet gate 1 or the water discharge gate 2 reaches a set value, the water inlet gate 1 or the water discharge gate 2 is automatically opened;

[0054] For example, by adjusting the position of the counterweight block A1132 and then adjusting the torque, the water level difference on both sides when the water inlet gate 1 and the water outlet gate 2 are automatically opened can be adjusted. For example, when the torque is in the current state, when the water level difference on both sides reaches 10cm, the water inlet gate 1 or the water outlet gate 2 can be driven to rotate from the closed state to the open state; if the water level difference on both sides needs to reach 50cm before the water inlet gate 1 or the water outlet gate 2 is driven to operate, the torque needs to be reduced.

[0055] Step S2, when the water level difference between the inlet gate 1 and the outlet gate 2 does not reach the set value, the inlet gate 1 and the outlet gate 2 remain in the initial closed state, at which time there is no water quality exchange between the river and the outer river;

[0056] Step S3, when the tide of the outer river rises, the water level on the outer river side gradually becomes higher than the water level on the river side. When the water level difference on both sides reaches a set value, under the action of the tide, the water inlet gate 1 automatically rotates around the support hinge device A2, and the water inlet gate 1 is automatically opened. At this time, the water discharge gate 2 remains in a closed state. In this state, the water flow of the outer river continuously flows into the river through the opening of the water inlet gate 1, causing the water level on the river side to continuously rise. Until the water level difference on both sides is lower than the set value, the water inlet gate 1 rotates in the opposite direction around the support hinge device A2, and the water inlet gate 1 is automatically closed. At this time, the water discharge gate 2 still remains in a closed state;

[0057] When the tide of the outer river recedes, the water level on the outer river side gradually decreases. When the difference between the water level on the outer river side and the water level on the river side reaches a set value, under the action of the water flow on the river side, the water discharge gate 2 automatically rotates around the support hinge device A2, and the water discharge gate 2 is automatically opened. At this time, the water inlet gate 1 remains in a closed state. In this state, the river water flows into the outer river through the opening of the water discharge gate 2, causing the water level on the river side to continuously decrease. Until the water level difference on both sides is lower than the set value, the water discharge gate 2 rotates in the opposite direction around the support hinge device A2, and the water discharge gate 2 is automatically closed. At this time, the water inlet gate 1 still remains in a closed state;

[0058] Through the above process, the rise and fall of the tide in the outer river is utilized to automatically operate the sluice system, so that the water in the river can maintain a directional flow state for a long time and fully exchange water quality with the outer river.

[0059] The present invention provides a sluice system and method for automatically improving the water quality of a river using tidal energy. A sluice system is set at the intersection of a river and an outer river, and the rise and fall of the outer river tide is used to automatically drive the sluice system to operate, so that the water in the river can maintain a directional flow state for a long time, and fully exchange water quality with the outer river, thereby improving the water quality of the river and the surrounding environment. The project investment of the present invention is small, the operation of the sluice does not require energy consumption, and the equipment is easy to repair and maintain, and can be widely used in river and creek management projects in coastal areas.

[0060] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sluice system that utilizes tidal energy to automatically improve river water quality, characterized in that: It comprises a water inlet gate (1), a water outlet gate (2), a middle pier (3) and a diversion wall (4); At the inlet and outlet of a river where a river meets an outer river, the water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2) are arranged side by side in a straight line along the width direction of the inlet and outlet of the river; the middle pier (3) is arranged between the water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2); and the diversion wall (4) is arranged starting from the inner side of the middle pier (3) and extending toward the inner side of the river.

2. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the width direction of the river inlet and outlet, the number of gate holes for installing the water inlet gate (1) is arranged continuously, and the number of gate holes for installing the water discharge gate (2) is arranged continuously; according to the width of the river inlet and outlet, one or more gate holes of the water inlet gate (1) are arranged; and one or more gate holes of the water discharge gate (2) are arranged.

3. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2) are both tidal self-controlled gates; the water inlet gate (1) automatically opens to allow flow when the tide is high, allowing water from the outer river to flow into the river; and automatically closes the gate hole when the tide is low; the water outlet gate (2) automatically closes the gate hole when the tide is high, and automatically opens to allow flow when the tide is low, allowing water from the river to flow into the outer river.

4. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tidal self-controlled gate comprises a gate body (A1), a hinge device (A2) and a limit block (A3); The hinge device (A2) is arranged at a position slightly above the center of the gate body (A1), so that the gate body (A1) can rotate along or against the water flow around the hinge device (A2); the gate body (A1) comprises a counterweight structure (A11) located in the area above the hinge device (A2) and a water retaining structure (A12) located in the area below the hinge device (A2); the counterweight structure (A11) and the water retaining structure (A12) form the gate body (A1) as a whole; The limit block (A3) is arranged on a side pier of the gate hole and is used to limit the angle of rotation of the gate body (A1) around the support hinge device (A2), so that the limit position to which the gate body (A1) rotates from the initial closed state is the horizontal state when the gate is fully opened.

5. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the tidal self-controlled gate is used as the water inlet gate (1), in the closed state, it is arranged at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, and the angle between it and the direction of the water flow from the outer river side to the river side is greater than 90°, and further restricts its position from the closed state, and can only rotate counterclockwise around the support hinge device (A2) under the action of the water flow from the outer river side to the river side, thereby realizing the opening of the water inlet gate (1); When the tidal self-controlled gate is used as the water discharge gate (2), in the closed state, it is arranged to be inclined at a certain angle to the horizontal direction, and its inclination direction is opposite to the inclination direction of the water inlet gate (1), and further restricts its position from the closed state. It can only rotate clockwise around the support hinge device (A2) under the action of the water flow from the river side to the outer river side, thereby realizing the opening of the water discharge gate (2).

6. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the tidal automatic gate is used as the water inlet gate (1), the limit block (A3) is arranged on the outer river side, and its height is the same as the height when the water inlet gate (1) is rotated to a horizontal state; when the tidal automatic gate is used as the water discharge gate (2), the limit block (A3) is arranged on the river side, and its height is the same as the height when the water discharge gate (2) is rotated to a horizontal state.

7. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 4, characterized in that: The counterweight structure (A11) comprises a frame structure (A111), a fixed counterweight (A112) and an adjustable counterweight system (A113); the fixed counterweight (A112) and the adjustable counterweight system (A113) are both installed on the surface of the frame structure (A111).

8. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The adjustable counterweight system (A113) is used to adjust the torque generated in the upper area of ​​the gate body (A1), thereby adjusting the automatic opening condition of the tidal automatic gate; the adjustable counterweight system (A113) includes a driving mechanism (A1131), a counterweight block (A1132) and a slide rail (A1133); the slide rail (A1133) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the frame structure (A111), and the counterweight block (A1132) is driven by the driving mechanism (A1131) to slide along the slide rail (A1133) and then approach or move away from the support hinge device (A2), and the torque generated in the upper area is adjusted by adjusting the position of the counterweight block (A1132).

9. A sluice system for automatically improving river water quality using tidal energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the diversion wall (4) is connected and fixed to the middle pier (3), and the other end does not contact the tail of the stream, so that there is a flow interval.

10. A method for improving river water quality by using the sluice system for automatically improving river water quality by utilizing tidal energy as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1, adjusting the adjustable counterweight system (A113) according to the tidal state of the outer river at the geographical location of the river, specifically adjusting the position of the counterweight block (A1132) through the driving mechanism (A1131), thereby adjusting the torque, and finally adjusting the automatic opening conditions of the water inlet gate (1) and the water outlet gate (2); wherein the automatic opening condition is specifically: when the water level difference on both sides of the water inlet gate (1) or the water outlet gate (2) reaches a set value, the water inlet gate (1) or the water outlet gate (2) automatically opens; Step S2, when the water level difference between the inlet gate (1) and the outlet gate (2) does not reach the set value, the inlet gate (1) and the outlet gate (2) remain in the initial closed state, at which time there is no water quality exchange between the river and the outer river; Step S3, when the tide of the outer river rises, the water level on the outer river side gradually becomes higher than the water level on the river side. When the water level difference on both sides reaches a set value, under the action of the tide, the water inlet gate (1) automatically rotates around the support hinge device (A2), and the water inlet gate (1) is automatically opened. At this time, the water outlet gate (2) remains in a closed state. In this state, the water flow of the outer river continuously flows into the river through the opening of the water inlet gate (1), causing the water level on the river side to continuously rise, until the water level difference on both sides is lower than the set value, the water inlet gate (1) rotates in the opposite direction around the support hinge device (A2), and the water inlet gate (1) is automatically closed. At this time, the water outlet gate (2) still remains in a closed state; When the tide of the outer river recedes, the water level on the outer river side gradually decreases. When the difference between the water level on the outer river side and the water level on the river side reaches a set value, the water flow on the river side causes the water discharge gate (2) to automatically rotate around the support hinge device (A2) and automatically open the water discharge gate (2). At this time, the water inlet gate (1) remains in a closed state. In this state, the river water flows into the outer river through the opening of the water discharge gate (2), causing the water level on the river side to continuously decrease until the water level difference on both sides is lower than the set value. The water discharge gate (2) rotates in the opposite direction around the support hinge device (A2) and automatically closes the water discharge gate (2). At this time, the water inlet gate (1) still remains in a closed state. Through the above process, the rise and fall of the tide in the outer river is utilized to automatically operate the sluice system, so that the water in the river can maintain a directional flow state for a long time and fully exchange water quality with the outer river.

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