Farmland irrigation water body suspended matter capturing device and use method

Abstract

The invention provides a farmland irrigation water body suspended matter capturing device and a using method, the farmland irrigation water body suspended matter capturing device comprises a hydroelectric generator and a capturing device which are arranged in a ditch in the water flow direction, the bottom of the capturing device is provided with a low-position water passing channel, the end of the low-position water passing channel is provided with a valve plate moving along with rising of the water level, and the valve plate is used for blocking the low-position water passing channel; a plurality of rotating capturing frames are arranged at the top of the capturing device, and the rotating unfolding direction of the capturing frames is the same as the water flow direction; a plurality of electrode plates are arranged on the two sides of the capturing device, and each electrode plate comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode which are arranged on the two sides of the capturing device respectively and used for adsorbing suspended solids in water. Through comprehensive utilization of hydroelectric generation, electrode plate electrostatic adsorption, mechanical filtration and automatic adjustment technologies, the problem that existing irrigation water is high in sand content is effectively solved, cleanliness of the irrigation water is ensured, and the efficiency and quality of farmland irrigation are improved. The technical scheme is simple and convenient to operate, low in maintenance cost, environment-friendly, energy-saving and wide in application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of farmland irrigation, and in particular to a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for using the device. Background Art

[0002] Farmland irrigation is an indispensable part of agricultural production, but the existing farmland irrigation water often contains high suspended matter, especially sediment. These suspended matter not only affect the clarity of irrigation water, but also cause the following problems: Soil structure damage: Irrigation water with high sand content will wash away the soil, causing soil structure damage, reducing soil fertility and water retention capacity. Irrigation system blockage: Suspended matter easily accumulates in irrigation pipes and sprinklers, causing pipe blockage and affecting the normal operation of the irrigation system. Crop growth is hindered: Harmful substances in suspended matter may damage the root system of crops, affecting the growth and yield of crops. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for using the device to solve the problems in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: comprising a hydroelectric generator and a capture device arranged in a ditch along the direction of water flow, a low-level water passage is arranged at the bottom of the capture device, a valve plate is arranged at the end of the low-level water passage which moves with the rise of water level, and the valve plate is used to block the low-level water passage, and a plurality of rotating capture frames are arranged at the top of the capture device, and the rotation and deployment direction of the capture frames is the same as the water flow direction; A plurality of electrode plates are arranged on both sides of the capture device. The electrode plates include positive electrodes and negative electrodes which are arranged on both sides of the capture device respectively and are used to absorb suspended matter in the water body.

[0005] Preferably, a groove corresponding to the bottom contour of the capture device is provided in the ditch, the bottom of the capture device is resting against the groove through a sealing pad, the top of the capture device is connected to the ditch through expansion bolts, and the capture device is pressed against the sealing pad by tightening the nuts of the expansion bolts.

[0006] Preferably, a valve cavity is provided at the bottom of the end of the capture device, and the valve plate seals and slides up and down in the valve cavity. Fixed hole cylinders are fixed on both sides of the end of the capture device, and floating buoys are provided in the fixed hole cylinders. The bottom of the buoy is fixedly connected to the valve plate by a rope.

[0007] Preferably, the capture frame includes rotating rods on both sides, a crossbar is provided between the tops of the rotating rods, and a convex shaft is provided between the bottoms; Connecting rods are arranged on both sides of the crossbars in the multiple capture frames, and the crossbars are fixed on the connecting rods for rotation through arc-shaped pressure plates; A plurality of floats are fixedly arranged on the connecting rod, and biological ropes and chemical fiber filter materials are tied inside the capturing frame.

[0008] Preferably, a pin barrel is fixedly provided at the end of the cross bar, and the end of the pin barrel abuts against the inside of the pin barrel. A sliding pin shaft is provided in the pin barrel, and one end of the pin shaft abuts against the inside of the cross bar through a spring, and the other end of the pin shaft abuts against the sliding groove on the inner walls on both sides of the capture device and moves.

[0009] Preferably, the slide groove is arranged along the rotation direction of the capture frame, the top end of the slide groove is used to limit the capture frame in the unfolded vertical state, and the bottom end is used to limit the capture frame in the folded state. A guide slope is provided on one side of the bottom end of the slide groove for the pin shaft to enter and exit.

[0010] Preferably, a square shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the convex shaft, the square shaft abuts against the rotating rod and is connected thereto, a threaded bolt is provided at the end of the square shaft, the bolt passes through the capture device and rotates against the capture device via a bearing.

[0011] Preferably, the hydroelectric generator is electrically connected to the electrode plate via a transformer.

[0012] A method for using a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water, the method steps are as follows: S1. The upstream gate is opened to release water, and the water flows through the hydroelectric generator in the ditch to generate electricity, thereby enabling the electrode plate to generate electricity, thereby forming an electrostatic field in the capture device; S2. When the water flow is small, the water can pass through the low-level water passage at the bottom of the capture device to ensure irrigation water downstream of the ditch; S3. When the water level rises due to a large flow, the buoy rises with the water level, thereby driving the valve plate to move and block the low-level water passage. At the same time, the float also rises with the water level, thereby driving the capture frame to rotate and unfold, and with the impact of the water flow, the capture frame can be fully unfolded and vertical; S4. The fully unfolded vertical capture frame and the biological rope and chemical fiber filter material tied on it can form a multi-layer barrier wall to capture suspended matter in the water body. The electrostatic field generated by the electrode plate can absorb the charged suspended matter. S5. After the water level drops, multiple capture racks rotate and stack together due to their own weight, and the captured suspended matter is concentrated under the capture racks for easy centralized cleaning.

[0013] The present invention provides a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water and a method for using the device, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the multi-layer capture frame and the biological ropes and chemical fiber filter materials on it, a multi-layer barrier wall is formed to effectively capture suspended matter in the water. The electrostatic field generated by the electrode plate can adsorb charged suspended matter, further improving the purification effect of the water body. The combination of mechanical filtration and electrostatic adsorption ensures that suspended matter in the water body is effectively removed and improves the clarity of irrigation water.

[0014] 2. Through the linkage mechanism of the float and the valve plate, the automatic response to water level changes is achieved without manual intervention, which improves the reliability and convenience of the system. The linkage mechanism of the float and the connecting rod enables the capture frame to automatically unfold or retract as the water level changes, ensuring that it can work effectively under different water level conditions.

[0015] 3. A hydroelectric generator is set up in the ditch to generate electricity by water flow impact to supply power to the electrode plate, thus achieving energy self-sufficiency and reducing operating costs. The electricity generated by the hydroelectric generator is converted into voltage and current suitable for the electrode plate through a transformer, ensuring that the electrode plate can work efficiently and improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0016] 4. The entire system utilizes the energy of natural water flow, reduces dependence on fossil fuels, and meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. The maintenance of hydroelectric generators and transformers is relatively simple, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system and reducing maintenance costs.

[0017] 5. Through the low-level water passage, water can pass smoothly when the water flow is small, ensuring the irrigation water downstream of the ditch and avoiding insufficient irrigation water due to blockage of the filter device. The effective removal of suspended matter reduces the blockage of irrigation pipes and sprinklers, ensures the normal operation of the irrigation system, and improves irrigation efficiency.

[0018] 6. When the water level drops, the capture racks rotate and stack together due to their own weight, which is convenient for centralized cleaning and simplifies maintenance work. The design of the capture rack and electrode plate is easy to disassemble and replace, ensuring the long-term and efficient operation of the system.

[0019] 7. This device is not only suitable for farmland irrigation, but can also be used for ecological restoration of rivers, lakes and other water bodies to improve water quality and protect the ecological environment. Through the automatic adjustment mechanism, the device can adapt to different water level conditions to ensure effective operation in various situations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments: Figure 1 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is an axial side view of a ditch for mounting the capture device of the present invention; Figure 3 The present invention Figure 1 Middle AA section view; Figure 4 The present invention Figure 1 Middle BB section view; Figure 5 is an axonometric view of the capture device of the present invention; Figure 6 The present invention Figure 5Schematic diagram of the capture frame folding; Figure 7 The present invention Figure 3 Middle partial enlarged view c; Figure 8 The present invention Figure 3 The partial enlarged view d; In the figure: ditch 1; hydroelectric generator 2; capture device 3; low-level water passage 301; capture frame 302; rotating rod 3021; ​​cross bar 3022; convex shaft 3023; biological rope 303; float 304; fixed hole cylinder 305; valve cavity 306; electrode plate 307; slide groove 308; connecting rod 309; arc pressure plate 310; sealing gasket 4; valve plate 5; float 6; pin cylinder 7; pin shaft 8; spring 9; bolt 10; bearing 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a device for capturing suspended matter in a farmland irrigation water body comprises a hydroelectric generator 2 and a capturing device 3 arranged in a ditch 1 along the direction of water flow, a low-level water passage 301 is arranged at the bottom of the capturing device 3, a valve plate 5 is arranged at the end of the low-level water passage 301 and moves with the water level rising, the valve plate 5 is used to block the low-level water passage 301, a plurality of rotating capturing frames 302 are arranged at the top of the capturing device 3, and the rotating and unfolding direction of the capturing frames 302 is the same as the water flow direction; A plurality of electrode plates 307 are provided on both sides of the capture device 3. The electrode plates 307 include positive electrodes and negative electrodes, which are respectively provided on both sides of the capture device 3 to absorb suspended matter in the water body.

[0022] After the upstream gate is opened to release water, it passes through the ditch 1 and then passes through the hydroelectric generator 2 and the capture device 3 in sequence. The hydroelectric generator 2 can use the impact of water flow to generate electricity, and then provide electricity for the electrode plate 307 in the capture device 3; when the water flow is small, the water body passes through the low-level water passage 301 at the bottom of the capture device 3 to ensure the irrigation water downstream of the ditch 1 and avoid silting of the irrigation water in the ditch 1; when the water flow becomes larger and the water level rises, the valve plate 5 moves with the rising water level and blocks the low-level water passage 301. At the same time, multiple rotating capture frames 302 are unfolded with the rising water level and are fully unfolded to a vertical state by the impact of water flow. The multi-layer capture device 3 can capture suspended matter in the water body, and the electrostatic field formed by the discharge of multiple electrode plates 307 can adsorb the charged suspended matter.

[0023] By setting up a hydroelectric generator in the ditch, the energy of the irrigation water flow can be used to generate electricity to provide the necessary power support for the entire device, which not only saves energy but also reduces the impact on the environment. When the water flow is small, the water can flow directly through the low-level water channel to ensure that there is enough irrigation water downstream. As the water level rises, the valve plate will automatically move to close this channel to prevent excessive untreated water from flowing downstream and ensure that suspended matter is effectively filtered. As the water level changes, the capture frame can be automatically unfolded or retracted, which can increase the filtration area and improve the removal efficiency of suspended matter at high water levels, and reduce resistance at low water levels to keep the water flow unobstructed. By setting positive and negative electrode plates on both sides of the device, the suspended particles in the water are attracted and fixed by electrostatic action, which further enhances the removal effect of suspended matter. This method is particularly effective for fine suspended matter that is difficult to remove by physical interception.

[0024] Preferably, a groove corresponding to the bottom contour of the capture device 3 is provided in the ditch 1, and the bottom of the capture device 3 is pressed against the groove through the sealing rubber pad 4. The top of the capture device 3 is connected to the ditch 1 through expansion bolts, and the nuts of the expansion bolts are tightened to press the capture device 3 against the sealing rubber pad 4. The size of the capture device 3 is designed according to the size of the ditch 1, and a groove corresponding to the bottom contour of the capture device 3 is reserved in the ditch 1. The bottom of the capture device 3 is pressed against the groove by the sealing rubber pad 4 to achieve sealing, and the expansion bolts around the capture device 3 press the sealing rubber pad 4 against the groove to ensure the reliability of its sealing installation.

[0025] The capture device is designed according to the specific size and shape of the ditch to ensure that the device can be perfectly embedded in the ditch, without causing installation difficulties due to inappropriate size, and without affecting the filtering effect due to excessive gaps. Using a sealing pad at the bottom of the capture device against the groove in the ditch can effectively prevent water from leaking from the gap between the bottom of the device and the ditch, ensuring that all passing water can be fully treated. By using expansion bolts around the top of the capture device to fix it to the ditch, not only can the stability of the device be ensured, but the pressure can be adjusted by tightening the nuts, so that the sealing pad fits more tightly in the groove, further improving the sealing performance. This installation method also takes into account the maintainability of the device. When the capture device needs to be inspected, cleaned or replaced, just loosen the expansion bolts to easily remove the device, and reinstall it after maintenance is completed. The operation is simple and quick.

[0026] Preferably, a valve cavity 306 is provided at the bottom of the end of the capture device 3, and the valve plate 5 is sealed against and slides up and down in the valve cavity 306. Fixed bore tubes 305 are fixedly provided on both sides of the end of the capture device 3, and a floating buoy 6 is provided in the fixed bore tube 305. The bottom of the buoy 6 is fixedly connected to the valve plate 5 through a rope. The fixed bore tube 305 is provided at the upper part of the low-level water passage 301. When the water level exceeds the low-level water passage 301, the water enters the fixed bore tube 305, which can make the buoy 6 rise with the water level, thereby pulling the valve plate 5 to move through the rope, and then blocking the low-level water passage 301.

[0027] A valve cavity 306 is provided at the bottom of the end of the capture device, and the valve plate 5 can slide up and down in the valve cavity to realize the opening and closing control of the low-level water passage 301. Fixed hole cylinders 305 are fixed on both sides of the end of the capture device, and a floating buoy 6 is provided in the hole cylinder. The bottom of the buoy 6 is fixedly connected to the valve plate 5 by a rope. When the water level rises, the buoy 6 rises accordingly, and the valve plate 5 is pulled upward by the rope. The low-level water passage 301 is provided at the bottom of the capture device. When the water level is low, the water body can pass through the low-level water passage to ensure water for irrigation downstream. When the water level exceeds the height of the low-level water passage, the water body enters the fixed hole cylinder 305, the buoy 6 rises, and the valve plate 5 is pulled by the rope to move, thereby blocking the low-level water passage 301.

[0028] Through the linkage mechanism of the buoy and the rope, the automatic response to the water level change is achieved without manual intervention, which improves the reliability and convenience of the system. The position of the valve plate can be automatically adjusted according to the actual water level change to adapt to different water flow conditions and ensure that the device can work effectively under various conditions. The valve plate 5 slides up and down in the valve chamber 306 to ensure the sealing performance and prevent the leakage of untreated water. The structure of the buoy and the valve plate is simple and easy to inspect and maintain, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the device.

[0029] Preferably, the capture frame 302 includes rotating rods 3021 on both sides, a cross bar 3022 is provided between the tops of the rotating rods 3021, and a convex shaft 3023 is provided between the bottoms; Connecting rods 309 are provided on both sides of the crossbars 3022 in the multiple capture frames 302, and the crossbars 3022 are fixed on the connecting rods 309 through arc-shaped pressing plates 310 for rotation; A plurality of floats 304 are fixed on the connecting rod 309, and biological ropes 303 and chemical fiber filter materials are tied in the capture frame 302. The rotating rod 3021 and the cross bar 3022 form a frame with the convex shaft 3023, and the biological ropes 303 and chemical fiber filter materials are tied in the frame to form a filter layer. The plurality of capture frames 302 are connected and rotated synchronously through the connecting rod 309 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 310, thereby forming a multi-layer filter layer to ensure the capture of suspended matter in the water body.

[0030] When the water flows through the capture device, the water flows to impact the capture frame 302, causing it to rotate along the convex shaft 3023. Since multiple capture frames are connected by connecting rods 309 and arc-shaped pressure plates 310, they rotate synchronously to form multiple filter layers. The float 304 on the connecting rod 309 increases the buoyancy of the capture frame, allowing it to maintain a certain height above the water surface. As the water level changes, the float drives the capture frame to move up and down, ensuring that the capture frame is always in the best filtering position. Through the synchronous rotation of multiple capture frames 302, multiple filter layers are formed. The biological rope 303 and chemical fiber filter material inside each layer of the capture frame can capture and filter suspended matter in the water body, thereby improving the filtering effect. The biological rope 303 and chemical fiber filter material have a high specific surface area, which can adsorb and filter suspended matter, organic matter and other impurities in the water, thereby improving the cleanliness of the water body.

[0031] Multiple capture racks rotate synchronously to form multiple filter layers, which improves the filtration efficiency and ensures that the suspended solids in the water are effectively removed. Through the action of the float 304, the capture rack can automatically adjust its position as the water level changes, ensuring that it can work effectively under different water level conditions. The capture rack has a simple structural design and is easy to install and maintain. The biological rope 303 and the chemical fiber filter material can be replaced regularly to ensure the continuity of the filtration effect. The capture rack is driven to rotate by the natural power of the water flow, without the need for an additional power source, achieving the goal of energy saving and environmental protection.

[0032] Preferably, a pin barrel 7 is fixedly provided at the end of the cross bar 3022, and the end of the pin barrel 7 abuts against the inside of the pin barrel 7. A sliding pin shaft 8 is provided in the pin barrel 7. One end of the pin shaft 8 abuts against the inside of the cross bar 3022 through a spring 9, and the other end of the pin shaft 8 abuts against the slide groove 308 on the inner walls of both sides of the capture device 3 and moves. The capture frame 302 can be installed into the capture device 3 by compressing the spring 9 through the pin shaft 8, and the pin shaft 8 is stuck in the slide groove 308 and moves.

[0033] When the water flow hits the capture frame 302, the capture frame 302 will rotate along the convex shaft 3023, driving the cross bar 3022 and the pin barrel 7 to move together. The pin shaft 8 slides in the slide groove 308 to ensure the smooth movement of the capture frame 302. The elastic force provided by the spring 9 keeps the pin shaft 8 in close contact with the slide groove 308 at all times, preventing the capture frame 302 from falling off during the movement.

[0034] Preferably, the slide groove 308 is arranged along the rotation direction of the capture frame 302, the top of the slide groove 308 is used to limit the capture frame 302 in the unfolded vertical state, and the bottom end is used to limit the capture frame 302 in the folded state. A guide slope is provided on one side of the bottom end of the slide groove 308 for the pin shaft 8 to enter and exit.

[0035] When installing the capture frame 302, align the pin barrel 7 at the end of the crossbar 3022 with the bottom end of the slide groove 308. Push the capture frame 302 into the capture device 3, and the pin shaft 8 slides into the slide groove 308 along the guide slope. When the pin shaft 8 completely enters the slide groove 308, the elastic force of the spring 9 will make the pin shaft 8 stuck in the slide groove 308, ensuring that the capture frame 302 is fixed in the capture device 3.

[0036] When the water level rises, the buoy 6 rises and pulls the valve plate 5 through the rope to block the low-level water passage 301. At the same time, the water flow impacts the capture frame 302, causing it to rotate along the convex shaft 3023, and the pin 8 slides upward in the slide groove 308. When the capture frame 302 is unfolded to a vertical state, the pin 8 reaches the top of the slide groove 308 and is limited to prevent the capture frame from being over-expanded.

[0037] When the water level drops, the buoy 6 drops, and the valve plate 5 opens the low-level water passage 301. The capture frame 302 begins to fold under the action of gravity, and the pin 8 slides downward along the slide groove 308. When the capture frame 302 is folded to a horizontal state, the pin 8 reaches the bottom end of the slide groove 308 and is limited to prevent the capture frame from being over-folded.

[0038] Preferably, a square shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the convex shaft 3023, and the square shaft abuts against the rotating rod 3021 to be connected thereto, and a threaded bolt 10 is provided at the end of the square shaft, and the bolt 10 passes through the capture device 3 and abuts against the capture device 3 through the bearing 11 to rotate. The convex shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 rotate in the bearing 11 on the capture device 3 through the bolt 10, and the rotation is smoother; the convex shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 are a square shaft and square hole connection structure, which can make them rotate together, and one side of the convex shaft 3023 is raised, which can abut against the capture device 3 to achieve sealing when it rotates, thereby preventing the escape of suspended matter.

[0039] Insert the square shaft of the convex shaft 3023 into the square hole of the rotating rod 3021 to ensure that the two can rotate together. Connect the bolt 10 to the end of the square shaft through a thread, pass through the capture device 3 and install it on the bearing 11 to ensure that the convex shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 can rotate smoothly. When the water flow hits the capture frame 302, the rotating rod 3021 and the convex shaft 3023 rotate together along the bearing 11. The use of the bearing 11 reduces friction and ensures smooth rotation. The protrusion on one side of the convex shaft 3023 abuts against the capture device 3 during rotation to form a seal to prevent suspended matter from escaping from the rotating part.

[0040] By using the bearing 11, the friction between the convex shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 during rotation is reduced, the smoothness of rotation is ensured, and the service life of the device is extended. The convex design on one side of the convex shaft 3023 can be against the capture device 3 during rotation, forming an effective seal to prevent suspended matter from escaping from the rotating part and ensure the filtering effect. The connection structure of the square shaft and the square hole ensures the synchronous rotation of the convex shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021, and improves the stability and reliability of the structure. The threaded connection design of the bolt 10 makes the installation and disassembly of the convex shaft 3023 and the rotating rod 3021 very convenient, which is convenient for daily maintenance and overhaul. This design can adapt to capture racks of different sizes and shapes, ensuring that it can work effectively under various water level conditions.

[0041] Preferably, the hydroelectric generator 2 is electrically connected to the electrode plate 307 through a transformer. The hydroelectric generator 2 is installed in the ditch 1 and generates electrical energy by using the impact of water flow. The transformer is used to convert the electrical energy generated by the hydroelectric generator into a voltage and current suitable for use by the electrode plate 307. The electrode plate 307 includes a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the capture device 3 to absorb suspended matter in the water body.

[0042] The hydroelectric generator uses the kinetic energy of water flow to generate electricity. It does not require an external power supply, achieves energy self-sufficiency, and reduces operating costs. The electric energy generated by the hydroelectric generator is converted into a voltage and current suitable for the electrode plate through a transformer, ensuring that the electrode plate can work efficiently and improving the efficiency of energy utilization. The electrode plate absorbs suspended matter in the water body through an electrostatic field, further improving the purification effect of the water body and ensuring the cleanliness of the irrigation water body. The entire system uses the energy of natural water flow, reduces dependence on fossil fuels, and meets the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development. The maintenance of the hydroelectric generator and transformer is relatively simple, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the system.

[0043] Example 2 like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in combination with Example 1, a method for using a device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water is further described, and the method steps are as follows: S1, the upstream gate is opened to release water, and the water flows through the hydroelectric generator 2 in the ditch 1 to generate electricity, so that the electrode plate 307 generates electricity, thereby forming an electrostatic field in the capture device 3; S2, when the water flow is small, the water can pass through the low-level water passage 301 at the bottom of the capture device 3 to ensure irrigation water downstream of the ditch 1; S3. When the water level rises due to a large water flow, the buoy 6 rises with the water level, thereby driving the valve plate 5 to move and block the low-level water passage 301. At the same time, the float 304 also rises with the water level, thereby driving the capture frame 302 to rotate and unfold. With the impact of the water flow, the capture frame 302 can be fully unfolded and vertical. S4, fully unfolding the vertical capture frame 302 and the biological rope 303 and chemical fiber filter material tied thereon, can form a multi-layer barrier wall to capture suspended matter in the water body, and the electrostatic field generated by the electrode plate 307 can absorb the charged suspended matter; S5. After the water level drops, the multiple capture racks 302 rotate and stack together due to their own weight, and the captured suspended matter is concentrated under the capture racks 302, which is convenient for centralized cleaning.

[0044] Through the linkage mechanism of the float and the valve plate, the water level changes are automatically responded to without manual intervention, which improves the reliability and convenience of the system. The combination of the multi-layer capture frame and the electrostatic field ensures that the suspended matter in the water body is effectively removed and improves the cleanliness of the water body. The hydroelectric generator uses the kinetic energy of the water flow to generate electricity, achieving energy self-sufficiency and reducing operating costs. The deadweight design of the capture frame allows it to be automatically stacked after the water level drops, which is convenient for centralized cleaning and simplifies maintenance. The device can adapt to different water level conditions, ensuring that it can work effectively in various situations, and is suitable for a variety of farmland irrigation scenarios.

[0045] Farmland irrigation: This system is particularly suitable for farmland irrigation. It can effectively remove suspended matter in water, ensure the cleanliness of irrigation water, and improve the growth quality of crops. Water quality monitoring: Through the adsorption of electrode plates, the content of suspended matter in water can be regularly detected, water quality problems can be discovered in time, and corresponding measures can be taken. Ecological restoration: This system can also be applied to the ecological restoration of rivers, lakes and other water bodies to improve water quality and protect the ecological environment.

[0046] The above embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water, characterized by: The invention comprises a hydroelectric generator (2) and a capture device (3) arranged in a ditch (1) along the direction of water flow, wherein a low-level water passage (301) is provided at the bottom of the capture device (3), a valve plate (5) that moves as the water level rises is provided at the end of the low-level water passage (301), and the valve plate (5) is used to block the low-level water passage (301), and a plurality of rotating capture frames (302) are provided at the top of the capture device (3), and the rotation and deployment direction of the capture frames (302) is the same as the direction of water flow; A plurality of electrode plates (307) are arranged on both sides of the capture device (3); the electrode plates (307) include a positive electrode and a negative electrode, which are arranged on both sides of the capture device (3) and are used to absorb suspended matter in the water body.

2. The device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A groove corresponding to the bottom profile of the capture device (3) is provided in the ditch (1); the bottom of the capture device (3) is pressed against the groove via a sealing rubber pad (4); the top of the capture device (3) is connected to the ditch (1) via expansion bolts; the nuts of the expansion bolts are tightened so that the capture device (3) is pressed against the sealing rubber pad (4).

3. The device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A valve cavity (306) is provided at the bottom of the end of the capture device (3), and the valve plate (5) is sealed against the valve cavity (306) and slides up and down. Fixed hole cylinders (305) are fixedly provided on both sides of the end of the capture device (3), and a floating buoy (6) is provided in the fixed hole cylinder (305). The bottom of the buoy (6) is fixedly connected to the valve plate (5) via a rope.

4. The device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The capture frame (302) comprises rotating rods (3021) on both sides, a crossbar (3022) is provided between the tops of the rotating rods (3021), and a convex shaft (3023) is provided between the bottoms; Connecting rods (309) are provided on both sides of the crossbars (3022) in the plurality of capture frames (302), and the crossbars (3022) are fixed to the connecting rods (309) via arc-shaped pressing plates (310) for rotation; A plurality of floats (304) are fixedly arranged on the connecting rod (309), and a biological rope (303) and chemical fiber filter material are tied inside the capture frame (302).

5. The device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pin barrel (7) is fixedly provided at the end of the cross bar (3022), and the end of the pin barrel (7) abuts against the inside of the pin barrel (7). A sliding pin shaft (8) is provided in the pin barrel (7), and one end of the pin shaft (8) abuts against the inside of the cross bar (3022) through a spring (9), and the other end of the pin shaft (8) abuts against the inside of the slide groove (308) on the inner walls on both sides of the capture device (3) for movement.

6. The device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slide groove (308) is arranged along the rotation direction of the capture frame (302), the top end of the slide groove (308) is used to limit the capture frame (302) in an unfolded vertical state, and the bottom end is used to limit the capture frame (302) in a folded state. A guide slope is provided on one side of the bottom end of the slide groove (308) for the pin shaft (8) to enter and exit.

7. The device for capturing suspended solids in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, characterized in that: A square shaft is fixedly provided at the end of the shaft (3023), the square shaft abuts against the inside of the rotating rod (3021) and is connected thereto, a threaded bolt (10) is provided at the end of the square shaft, the bolt (10) passes through the capture device (3) and abuts against the capture device (3) through a bearing (11) for rotation.

8. The device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydroelectric generator (2) is electrically connected to the electrode plate (307) via a transformer.

9. A method for using the device for capturing suspended matter in farmland irrigation water according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps: S1, the upstream gate is opened to release water, and the water flows through the hydroelectric generator (2) in the ditch (1) to generate electricity, thereby causing the electrode plate (307) to generate electricity, thereby forming an electrostatic field in the capture device (3); S2. When the water flow is small, the water can pass through the low-level water passage (301) at the bottom of the capture device (3), thereby ensuring irrigation water downstream of the ditch (1); S3. When the water flow is large and the water level rises, the buoy (6) rises with the water level, thereby driving the valve plate (5) to move and block the low-level water passage (301). At the same time, the float (304) also rises with the water level, thereby driving the capture frame (302) to rotate and unfold. With the impact of the water flow, the capture frame (302) can be fully unfolded and vertically erected; S4, the vertical capture frame (302) is fully unfolded and the biological rope (303) and chemical fiber filter material tied thereon can form a multi-layer barrier wall to capture suspended matter in the water body, and the electrostatic field generated by the power generation of the electrode plate (307) can absorb the charged suspended matter; S5. After the water level drops, the multiple capture racks (302) rotate and stack together due to their own weight, and the captured suspended matter is concentrated under the capture racks (302), which is convenient for centralized cleaning.

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