Multi-dimensional excitation consolidation foundation test device and test method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional excitation consolidation foundation test device and test method, and belongs to the technical field of foundation tests. The multi-dimensional excitation consolidation foundation test device comprises a rack, a vibration mechanism is arranged on one side of the rack, and a lifting mechanism for driving the vibration mechanism to ascend and descend is arranged on the rack; the vibrating mechanism comprises a vibrating rod, the vibrating rod comprises an upper rod and a lower rod which are rotationally connected, a rotating structure for driving the lower rod to rotate is arranged in the upper rod, a vibration exciter is arranged at the top of the upper rod, and a vibrating structure is arranged on the lower rod; the test box is arranged on one side of the rack and located under the vibration mechanism, a sensor for detecting sand response is arranged in the test box, and the sensor is connected with the controller. According to the test device and the test method for reinforcing the foundation through multi-dimensional excitation, the foundation is subjected to multi-dimensional excitation, so that the reinforcing effect and the uniformity of the foundation are improved; and the excitation process is researched, and guidance is provided for actual application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation testing and experiment, and in particular to a multi-dimensional excitation reinforcement foundation testing device and a testing method. Background Art

[0002] Sandy soil is widely distributed in my country, especially in coastal areas. The distribution area of ​​sandy soil often overlaps with the earthquake zone, which is very prone to sandy soil liquefaction hazards. At a certain depth below the ground, the saturated loose fine sand and fine sand are repeatedly subjected to external loads, and the pore water pressure rises, causing the skeleton stress to approach zero, the sandy soil particles to be in a suspended state, and the shear strength of the sandy soil to be partially or completely lost. The sandy soil will deform to varying degrees or completely liquefy, which is the phenomenon of sandy soil liquefaction. The main hazards of sandy soil liquefaction are: 1) Sand gushing: The gushing sand covers the farmland, crushes the crops, and makes the fertile soil salinized and sandy. At the same time, it causes siltation of riverbeds, channels, wells, etc., causing serious damage to agricultural irrigation facilities. 2) Foundation failure: With the decrease of the effective positive stress between particles, the bearing capacity of the foundation soil layer also decreases rapidly, and even when the sand body is in a suspended state, the bearing capacity of the foundation is completely lost. Buildings built on such foundations will experience strong subsidence, dumping and even collapse. 3) Landslide: Due to the vibration liquefaction and flow of the underlying sand layer or sensitive clay layer, large-scale landslides can occur. Such landslides can occur in extremely gentle or even horizontal sites. 4) Ground subsidence and ground collapse: The saturated loose sand becomes dense due to vibration, and the ground sinks accordingly. The low-lying coastal lake flats sink and are inundated by sea, lakes and floods, making them unsuitable as building foundations.

[0003] At present, the solution to the hazards of sand liquefaction mainly starts from two aspects: preventing the occurrence of sand liquefaction and preventing or reducing uneven settlement of buildings. Sand liquefaction treatment mostly adopts traditional foundation treatment methods, that is, vibrating the sand foundation by excitation, draining the groundwater in the foundation, and rearranging the sand in the foundation to achieve the purpose of compacting the soil layer. Existing vibration devices generally directly use vibration rods to vibrate the foundation, relying on the vibration of the vibration rod to vibrate the foundation, but the existing vibration rods are mostly vertical vibrations, which vibrate the foundation unevenly and the vibration effect is relatively poor. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device to improve the foundation vibration reinforcement effect, and a test device to study the reinforcement effect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device and test method, which can improve the reinforcement effect and uniformity of the foundation by performing multi-dimensional vibration on the foundation; and study the vibration process to provide guidance for practical applications.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device, comprising:

[0006] A rack, the rack is arranged on the ground, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the rack is arranged at the bottom of the rack;

[0007] The vibration mechanism is arranged on one side of the frame, and a lifting mechanism for driving the vibration mechanism to rise and fall is arranged on the frame; the vibration mechanism includes a vibration rod, and the vibration rod includes an upper rod and a lower rod connected in rotation, a rotating structure for driving the lower rod to rotate is arranged inside the upper rod, a vibration exciter is arranged on the top of the upper rod, and a vibration structure is arranged on the lower rod;

[0008] The test box is arranged on one side of the frame and is located directly below the vibration mechanism. A sensor for detecting the response of sand and soil is arranged in the test box, and the sensor is connected with the controller.

[0009] Preferably, an upper cavity is provided inside the upper rod, and a lower cavity is provided inside the lower rod, and the upper cavity is connected to the lower cavity; upper wing plates distributed in a cross shape are provided on the side walls of the upper rod, and lower wing plates distributed in a cross shape are provided on the side walls of the lower rod, and a first through hole connected to the upper cavity is provided on the side walls of the upper rod and the upper wing plates, and a second through hole connected to the lower cavity is provided on the side walls of the lower rod, and filters are provided at the first through hole and the second through hole to prevent sand and soil from entering the upper cavity and the lower cavity; an air inlet and a drain outlet connected to the upper cavity are provided on the top of the upper rod, the air inlet is connected to an external high-pressure air pump, and the drain outlet is connected to the lower cavity through a water pipe, and a water pump is provided on the water pipe; the bottom end of the lower rod is conical.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating structure includes a second motor, which is arranged on a fixed plate, and the fixed plate is fixed on the inner wall of the upper cavity. A second screw is arranged on the output shaft of the second motor, and a center hole is arranged on the fixed plate for the second screw to pass through, and the bottom end of the second screw is rotatably connected to the inner cavity; a center gear is arranged on the second screw, and transition gears distributed in a circular array are arranged on the outside of the center gear, and the axle of the transition gear is rotatably connected to the mounting hole arranged on the fixed plate, and the transition gear is located between the center gear and the ring gear, and the transition gear is meshed with the center gear and the ring gear; the ring gear is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the connecting head at the top of the lower rod, and the connecting head is inserted in the upper cavity and rotatably connected to the upper cavity; a water-permeable hole connecting the upper cavity and the lower cavity is arranged on the fixed plate.

[0011] Preferably, the vibration structure includes a connecting seat, which is located in the lower cavity and slidably connected to the lower cavity, a threaded hole for the second screw rod to pass through and matched with the second screw rod is provided in the center of the connecting seat, a plurality of first high-frequency actuators are provided on the side wall of the connecting seat, a sliding hole for inserting the first high-frequency actuator is provided on the lower wing plate, the first high-frequency actuator is slidably connected to the sliding hole, the sliding hole has a limiting effect on the first high-frequency actuator so that the first high-frequency actuator can only move up and down relative to the sliding hole, a first vibration plate is provided at the piston end of the first high-frequency actuator, and telescopic filters are provided at both ends of the first high-frequency actuator and the sliding hole to prevent sand and soil from entering the lower cavity through the sliding hole.

[0012] Preferably, a second high-frequency actuator is provided at the bottom of the lower cavity, a through hole is provided at the bottom end of the lower rod for allowing the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator to pass through, the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator is sealingly and slidingly connected to the through hole, and a second vibration plate is provided at the bottom end of the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator for vibrating the sand below.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame, which is fixedly mounted on the base, a limiting hole is provided on the base, a connecting plate is slidably arranged in the limiting hole, a plurality of pins are provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate, a slide plate is provided between the base and the fixing frame, one end of the slide plate is hinged to the top of the fixing frame and the connecting plate respectively through a connecting rod, a sliding sleeve is provided on the outside of the slide plate, and a roller is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve to facilitate the sliding of the slide plate in the sliding sleeve; a sliding structure that drives the sliding sleeve to slide up and down is provided between the mounting frame and the base, the sliding structure includes a third screw rod arranged vertically, the third screw rod is rotatably connected to the fixing frame and the base, a third motor that drives the third screw rod to rotate is provided on the fixing frame, a threaded hole for the third screw rod to pass through and match with the third screw rod is provided on the sliding sleeve, and an avoidance groove for the third screw rod to pass through and satisfy the sliding of the slide plate is provided at the other end of the slide plate.

[0014] Preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a first screw rod, the bottom end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to a movable module arranged on the base, the top end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to the top plate, the top plate is connected to the movable module, and the top plate and the first screw rod are kept to move synchronously on the base, a first motor is provided on the top plate to drive the first screw rod to rotate, a lifting plate is provided between the top plate and the movable module, a threaded hole is provided on the lifting plate for the first screw rod to pass through and is adapted to the first screw rod, a guide rod is provided between the top plate and the movable module that is parallel to the first screw rod and moves synchronously, a hole is provided on the lifting plate for the guide rod to pass through, the lifting plate is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the exciter is connected to the lifting plate through a connecting structure.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting structure includes a mounting seat, which is fixedly connected to the lifting plate, and a stepped mounting groove is provided on the mounting seat, through which the vibration rod passes, and a mounting plate is provided in the mounting groove, the mounting plate and the stepped surface of the mounting groove are connected by a spring, a through hole is provided on the mounting plate for the vibration rod to pass through, and the exciter is fixedly set on the mounting plate.

[0016] Preferably, the test box includes a box body, the interior of the box body contains a sandy soil sample to be studied, a grid-shaped drainage groove is arranged on the top of the sandy soil sample, an annular side groove is arranged between the sandy soil sample and the inner wall of the box body, the drainage groove is connected with the side groove, a drainage pipe connected with the side groove is arranged on the box body, a drainage board is arranged at the bottom of the drainage groove and the side groove, the drainage board is located inside the sandy soil sample, and the sensor is pre-buried inside the sandy soil sample.

[0017] The test method of the multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1. Add the sandy soil sample to be studied into the box, embed the sensor in the sandy soil sample, and compact the sandy soil sample to the density to be studied; insert the drainage board into the sandy soil sample, and open the drainage groove and side groove on the top of the sandy soil sample;

[0019] S2, start the third motor, the third motor drives the third screw to rotate, the third screw drives the sliding sleeve to move downward, the sliding sleeve drives the slide plate to move downward, the slide plate is acted on by the connecting rod during the downward movement, the slide plate slides outward along the sliding sleeve, the slide plate drives the connecting plate to slide downward in the limiting hole through the connecting rod, the connecting plate drives the pin to move downward, the pin is inserted into the ground, and the base is fixed;

[0020] S3, adjusting the position of the vibration rod by moving the module, moving the vibration rod to the vibration point position, starting the first motor and the air pump, the first motor drives the lifting plate to descend through the first screw, and the lifting plate drives the vibration rod and the exciter to descend through the mounting seat; starting the exciter, the exciter applies vibration to the vibration rod, and the high-pressure gas is blown into the sand sample through the first through hole and the second through hole to accelerate the insertion of the vibration rod into the sand sample;

[0021] S4. After the bottom end of the lower rod reaches the required depth, the first motor and the air pump are stopped, and the second motor, the first high-frequency actuator, and the second high-frequency actuator are started to retain the vibration, and the water pump is started; the second motor drives the second screw rod and the central gear to rotate, the central gear drives the lower rod to rotate through the transition gear and the ring gear, the lower rod drives the first high-frequency actuator and the second high-frequency actuator to rotate through the sliding hole, the first high-frequency actuator drives the connecting seat to rotate, the second screw rod drives the connecting seat to move up and down through the speed difference between the connecting seat and the second screw rod, the connecting seat drives the first high-frequency actuator to move up and down along the sliding hole, the first high-frequency actuator drives the first vibration plate to rotate and move up and down to vibrate the sand and soil sample, and the second high-frequency actuator drives the second vibration plate to vibrate the sand and soil sample below; the response of the sand and soil sample is observed and recorded through the sensor;

[0022] S5, after the vibration retention is completed, the first motor is started, and the first motor drives the vibration rod to be lifted upward to the second vibration retention position through the first screw rod and the lifting plate to retain the vibration;

[0023] S6. After the first vibration point is completed, the vibration rod is moved to the next vibration point by moving the module, and S3-S5 are repeated until the vibration of the sand sample in the box is completed.

[0024] The advantages and positive effects of a multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device and test method are:

[0025] 1. A fixing mechanism is provided on the base of the mounting frame. The third motor of the fixing mechanism realizes the up and down movement of the connecting plate and the pin through the third screw rod and the connecting rod, thereby inserting the pin into the ground to improve the stability of the mounting frame.

[0026] 2. The vibrating rod includes an upper rod and a lower rod which are rotatably connected. The lower rod rotates relative to the upper rod, so that the lower rod vibrates the surrounding sand and soil samples more evenly during the rotation process, thereby improving the effect of vibration solidification.

[0027] 3. A first high-frequency actuator is arranged on the lower wing plate of the lower rod, and a second high-frequency actuator is arranged at the bottom of the lower rod. The first high-frequency actuator realizes rotation and up-and-down sliding under the action of the second motor, the second screw rod and the connecting seat, thereby improving the vibration reinforcement effect of the sand and soil samples around the vibration point. The second high-frequency actuator vibrates and reinforces the sand and soil samples under the vibration rod, thereby improving the vibration reinforcement effect of the sand and soil samples at the vibration point.

[0028] 4. Various sensors are arranged inside the test box to monitor the response of soil samples during vibration reinforcement and provide guidance for practical applications. Drainage boards are set inside the soil samples, and drainage grooves and side grooves are set above the soil samples, so that the soil sample test conditions are more in line with practical applications and the accuracy of the test is improved.

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vibration mechanism of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the upper rod and the lower rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 For attachment Figure 3 Middle A: Enlarged view;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the lower rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the upper rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a rotating structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the fixing mechanism structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the slide plate and the sliding sleeve according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the top view of the test box according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the vibration rod installation structure of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Reference numerals

[0042] 1. Mounting frame; 11. Base; 12. Top plate; 13. First motor; 14. First screw rod; 15. Lifting plate; 16. Mounting seat; 17. Mounting slot; 18. Mounting plate; 19. Spring;

[0043] 2. Vibration mechanism; 21. Vibration rod; 22. Vibrator; 23. Upper rod; 24. Lower rod; 25. Upper wing plate; 26. Lower wing plate; 27. Air inlet; 28. Drain outlet; 29. ​​Slide hole; 210. First high-frequency actuator; 211. First vibration plate; 212. Second high-frequency actuator; 213. Second vibration plate; 214. Telescopic filter; 215. Second motor; 216. Second screw rod; 217. Connecting seat; 218. Fixed plate; 219. Central gear; 220. Transition gear; 221. Connecting head; 222. Gear ring; 223. First through hole; 224. Second through hole; 225. Central hole; 226. Mounting hole; 227. Water-permeable hole;

[0044] 3. Test box; 31. Box body; 32. Drain board; 33. Sensor; 34. Drain pipe; 35. Drain trough; 36. Side trough;

[0045] 4. Fixing mechanism; 41. Fixing frame; 42. Limiting hole; 43. Connecting plate; 44. Pin; 45. Connecting rod; 46. Slide plate; 47. Sliding sleeve; 48. Third screw rod; 49. Third motor; 410. Avoiding groove; 411. Roller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Include" or "comprise" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connect" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0048] Example

[0049] like Figure 1As shown. A multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device includes: a frame, the frame is set on the ground, and the frame provides support for the entire test device. A vibration mechanism 2 is set on one side of the frame, and the vibration mechanism 2 is used to provide vibration force for the vibration reinforcement test of sand. A lifting mechanism is set on the frame to drive the vibration mechanism 2 to rise and fall, and the vibration mechanism 2 is driven to rise and fall by the lifting mechanism, so as to lift or lower the vibration mechanism 2 into the sand. A fixing mechanism 4 for fixing the frame is set at the bottom of the frame, and the frame is fixed to the ground by the fixing mechanism 4, so as to improve the stability of the frame supporting the vibration mechanism 2.

[0050] The lifting mechanism includes a first screw rod 14, a mobile module arranged on the base 11, and the mobile module is slidably connected to the base 11. The mobile module can adopt an existing structure as needed, and can realize the horizontal movement of the X axis and the Y axis in the horizontal plane. The bottom end of the first screw rod 14 is rotatably connected to the top of the mobile module through a bearing, and the mobile module drives the first screw rod 14 to move on the base 11, so as to adjust the position of the vibration mechanism 2 through the screw rod, so as to facilitate the vibration reinforcement operation of sand and soil at different positions. The top end of the first screw rod 14 is rotatably connected to the top plate 12 through a bearing, and the top plate 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the mobile module. The top plate 12 and the first screw rod 14 move synchronously on the base 11. A first motor 13 that drives the first screw rod 14 to rotate is fixedly arranged on the top plate 12. A lifting plate 15 is arranged between the top plate 12 and the mobile module, and a threaded hole is arranged on the lifting plate 15 for the first screw rod 14 to pass through and match the first screw rod 14. A guide rod is provided between the top plate 12 and the moving module, which is parallel to and moves synchronously with the first screw rod 14. The two ends of the guide rod are respectively fixed to the top of the top plate 12 and the top of the moving module. A hole is provided on the lifting plate 15 for the guide rod to pass through, and the lifting plate 15 is slidably connected with the guide rod. The guide rod is located on both sides of the first screw rod 14, and has a guiding and limiting function for the up and down sliding of the lifting plate 15, so that the lifting plate 15 can only move up and down under the action of the first screw rod 14.

[0051] like Fig.11As shown. A vibration mechanism 2 is arranged on the lifting plate 15, and the exciter 22 arranged on the top of the vibration mechanism 2 is connected to the lifting plate 15 through a connecting structure. The connecting structure includes a mounting seat 16, and the mounting seat 16 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 15. A stepped mounting groove 17 is arranged on the mounting seat 16, and the vibration rod 21 passes through the mounting groove 17. The aperture of the stepped hole is larger than the outer diameter of the vibration rod 21, so that the stepped hole does not hinder the vibration of the vibration rod 21. A mounting plate 18 is arranged in the mounting groove 17, and the mounting plate 18 is connected to the stepped surface of the mounting groove 17 by a spring 19, and the two ends of the spring 19 are fixedly connected to the stepped surface and the mounting plate 18 respectively. A through hole for the vibration rod 21 to pass through is arranged on the mounting plate 18, and the aperture of the hole is larger than the outer diameter of the vibration rod 21. The exciter 22 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 18 by bolts. The spring 19 can reduce the impact of the exciter 22 on the mounting seat 16 during operation.

[0052] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 As shown. The fixing mechanism 4 includes a fixing frame 41, which is welded or fixed on the base 11 by screws. A limiting hole 42 is provided on the base 11, and a connecting plate 43 is slidably provided in the limiting hole 42. The limiting hole 42 is a rectangular hole, and the connecting plate 43 is a rectangular plate. The size of the limiting hole 42 is slightly larger than the size of the connecting plate 43, so that the connecting plate 43 can slide in the limiting hole 42, and the connecting plate 43 can be prevented from rotating or displacing in the horizontal direction in the limiting hole 42. A plurality of pins 44 are fixedly provided on the lower surface of the connecting plate 43, and the pins 44 are inserted into the ground to achieve locking and fixing of the base 11. In order to improve the stability of the connecting plate 43 sliding up and down, and improve the stability of the pin 44 locking the base 11, a groove is provided on the inner wall of the limiting hole 42, and a protrusion is provided on the side wall of the connecting plate 43, and the protrusion is located in the groove and slidably connected with the groove. After the pin 44 is inserted into the ground, the projection contacts the bottom end of the groove, and the projection presses the base 11 onto the ground through the bottom end of the groove.

[0053] The fixing frame 41 is an L-shaped structure. A slide plate 46 is arranged between the base 11 and the fixing frame 41. One end of the slide plate 46 is hinged to the top of the fixing frame 41 and the connecting plate 43 through a connecting rod 45. One end of one connecting rod 45 is hinged to the top of the fixing frame 41 and the other end is hinged to the slide plate 46; one end of another connecting rod 45 is hinged to the connecting plate 43 and the other end is hinged to the slide plate 46. The connecting rod 45 rotates only in the vertical plane and does not move horizontally. A sliding sleeve 47 is arranged outside the slide plate 46, and a roller 411 is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve 47; the side of the slide plate 46 contacts the roller 411, and the roller 411 reduces the friction between the slide plate 46 and the sliding sleeve 47, so that the slide plate 46 can slide in the sliding sleeve 47. The inner size of the sliding sleeve 47 is slightly larger than the size of the slide plate 46, so that the slide plate 46 can slide horizontally in the sliding sleeve 47, and the slide plate 46 does not rotate or move vertically relative to the sliding sleeve 47.

[0054] A sliding structure is provided between the mounting frame 1 and the base 11 to drive the sliding sleeve 47 to slide up and down. The sliding structure includes a third screw rod 48 arranged vertically, and the third screw rod 48 is rotatably connected to the fixing frame 41 and the base 11 through bearings. A third motor 49 is provided on the fixing frame 41 to drive the third screw rod 48 to rotate. A threaded hole is provided on the sliding sleeve 47 to allow the third screw rod 48 to pass through and to match the third screw rod 48. The other end of the slide plate 46 is provided with an avoidance groove 410 to allow the third screw rod 48 to pass through and to meet the sliding of the slide plate 46.

[0055] The third motor 49 drives the third screw rod 48 to rotate, and the third screw rod 48 drives the sliding sleeve 47 to slide up and down. The sliding sleeve 47 does not rotate under the action of the slide plate 46 and the connecting rod 45. The sliding sleeve 47 drives the slide plate 46 to slide synchronously. The slide plate 46 slides horizontally in the sliding sleeve 47 under the action of the connecting rod 45. The slide plate 46 drives the connecting plate 43 to move downward along the limiting hole 42 through the connecting rod 45, thereby fixing the pin 44 on the ground, locking the base 11, and improving the stability of the mounting frame 1.

[0056] like Figure 2As shown. The vibration mechanism 2 includes a vibration rod 21, and the vibration rod 21 includes an upper rod 23 and a lower rod 24 that are rotatably connected. The upper rod 23 is provided with a rotating structure that drives the lower rod 24 to rotate. The upper rod 23 and the lower rod 24 are coaxially arranged. An exciter 22 is fixedly arranged on the top of the upper rod 23, and the frequency of the exciter 22 is adjustable. The exciter 22 drives the vibration rod 21 to vibrate, which is convenient for the vibration rod 21 to drill holes in the sandy soil sample. The bottom end of the lower rod 24 is conical, which is convenient for the vibration rod 21 to be inserted into the sandy soil sample. An upper cavity is provided inside the upper rod 23, and a lower cavity is provided inside the lower rod 24, and the upper cavity is connected to the lower cavity. An upper wing plate 25 distributed in a cross shape is provided on the side wall of the upper rod 23, and the upper wing plate 25 is an integral structure with the upper rod 23. The side wall of the upper rod 23 and the upper wing plate 25 are both provided with a first through hole 223 that is connected to the upper cavity. The side wall of the lower rod 24 is provided with a lower wing plate 26 distributed in a cross shape, and the lower wing plate 26 is an integral structure with the lower rod 24. The upper wing plate 25 corresponds to the lower wing plate 26 one by one and is aligned. The width of the lower wing plate 26 is not greater than the width of the upper wing plate 25, that is, the rotation radius of the lower wing plate 26 is smaller than the rotation radius of the upper wing plate 25. The side wall of the lower rod 24 is provided with a second through hole 224 connected to the lower cavity. The first through hole 223 and the second through hole 224 are both provided with a filter screen to prevent sand from entering the upper cavity and the lower cavity.

[0057] The top of the upper rod 23 is provided with an air inlet 27 and a drain port 28 connected to the upper cavity, and the air inlet 27 is connected to an external high-pressure air pump. High-pressure gas enters the upper cavity and the lower cavity through the air inlet 27, and then overflows from the first through hole 223 and the second through hole 224, exerting pressure on the sandy soil sample, making the sandy soil sample loose, so as to facilitate the insertion of the vibration rod 21 into the sandy soil sample. The drain port 28 is connected to the lower cavity through a water pipe, and a water pump is provided on the water pipe, and the water pump can be arranged outside the vibration rod 21. When the vibration rod 21 vibrates the sandy soil sample, the water discharged from the sandy soil sample enters the upper cavity and the lower cavity through the first through hole 223 and the second through hole 224, and the water pump discharges the accumulated water in the lower cavity.

[0058] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown. The rotating structure includes a second motor 215, and the second motor 215 is fixedly arranged on a fixed plate 218, and the fixed plate 218 is fixed on the inner wall of the upper cavity. A second screw rod 216 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the second motor 215, and a center hole 225 is arranged on the fixed plate 218 for the second screw rod 216 to pass through. The aperture of the center hole 225 is larger than the diameter of the second screw rod 216, so that the second screw rod 216 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 218. The bottom end of the second screw rod 216 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity. A central gear 219 is fixedly arranged on the second screw rod 216, and transition gears 220 distributed in a circular array are arranged on the outside of the central gear 219. In this embodiment, three transition gears 220 are arranged. The wheel axle of the transition gear 220 is rotatably connected to the mounting hole 226 arranged on the fixed plate 218 through a bearing. The transition gear 220 is located between the central gear 219 and the gear ring 222, and the transition gear 220 is meshed with the central gear 219 and the gear ring 222. The gear ring 222 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the connector 221 at the top of the lower rod 24, and the connector 221 is inserted into the upper cavity, and the connector 221 is rotatably connected to the upper cavity through a bearing. A water-permeable hole 227 is arranged on the fixed plate 218 to connect the upper cavity with the lower cavity.

[0059] The second motor 215 drives the second screw rod 216 to rotate, and the second screw rod 216 drives the central gear 219 to rotate synchronously. The central gear 219 drives the ring gear 222 to rotate through the transition gear 220, and the ring gear 222 drives the lower rod 24 to rotate relative to the upper rod 23.

[0060] like Figure 5As shown. A vibration structure is arranged on the lower rod 24. The vibration structure includes a connecting seat 217, which is located in the lower cavity and is slidably connected to the lower cavity. A threaded hole is arranged at the center of the connecting seat 217 for the second screw rod 216 to pass through and is adapted to the second screw rod 216. A through hole for water to pass through is arranged on the connecting seat 217, or a gap for water to pass through is arranged between the connecting seat 217 and the side wall of the lower cavity. A plurality of first high-frequency actuators 210 are arranged on the side wall of the connecting seat 217, and the first high-frequency actuators 210 are arranged one-to-one with the lower wing plate 26. A sliding hole 29 is arranged on the lower wing plate 26 for the first high-frequency actuator 210 to be inserted, and the first high-frequency actuator 210 is slidably connected to the sliding hole 29. The sliding hole 29 has a limiting effect on the first high-frequency actuator 210, so that the first high-frequency actuator 210 can only move up and down relative to the sliding hole 29. The piston end of the first high-frequency actuator 210 is fixedly provided with a first vibration plate 211. The first high-frequency actuator 210 drives the first vibration plate 211 to vibrate. The first vibration plate 211 protrudes from the lower wing plate 26, and the sand sample is vibrated and reinforced by the first vibration plate 211. Both ends of the first high-frequency actuator 210 and the sliding hole 29 are provided with a telescopic filter 214 to prevent sand from entering the lower cavity through the sliding hole 29. The telescopic filter 214 can adopt an existing structure as needed, and can block the entry of sand while satisfying the first high-frequency actuator 210 sliding up and down.

[0061] A second high-frequency actuator 212 is provided at the bottom of the lower cavity. A through hole is provided at the bottom end of the lower rod 24 for the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator 212 to pass through, and the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator 212 is sealed and slidably connected to the through hole. A second vibration plate 213 for vibrating the sand below is provided at the bottom end of the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator 212. The second high-frequency actuator 212 drives the second vibration plate 213 to vibrate, thereby vibrating the sand below, improving the effect of vibration reinforcement of the sand below. The frequencies of the first high-frequency actuator 210 and the second high-frequency actuator 212 are adjustable.

[0062] When the second motor 215 drives the second screw rod 216 and the lower rod 24 to rotate, the connecting seat 217 rotates synchronously with the lower rod 24 under the action of the first high-frequency actuator 210, and the connecting seat 217 relies on the speed difference between the connecting seat 217 and the second screw rod 216 to achieve the up and down sliding of the connecting seat 217 on the second screw rod 216. A limit switch can be set in the lower cavity, and the stroke of the connecting seat 217 can be limited by the limit switch, and the second motor 215 can change the rotation direction to achieve the reciprocating up and down sliding of the first high-frequency actuator 210 in the sliding hole 29. The first vibration plate 211 rotates and moves up and down under the action of the lower rod 24 and the connecting seat 217, and uniformly vibrates the sand and soil around the vibration rod 21, thereby improving the uniformity of the vibration of the sand and soil and improving the effect of vibration reinforcement of the sand and soil.

[0063] like Fig.10 As shown. A test box 3 is provided on one side of the frame, and the test box 3 is located directly below the vibration mechanism 2. The test box 3 can be made of steel plates spliced ​​or welded. The test box 3 includes a box body 31, and the sand and soil sample to be studied is placed inside the box body 31. A grid-shaped drainage groove 35 is provided on the top of the sand and soil sample, and an annular side groove 36 is provided between the sand and soil sample and the inner wall of the box body 31, and the drainage groove 35 is connected to the side groove 36. A drainage pipe 34 connected to the side groove 36 is provided on the box body 31, and the drainage pipe 34 is used to drain the water in the side groove 36. A drainage board 32 is provided at the bottom of the drainage groove 35 and the side groove 36, and the drainage board 32 is located inside the sand and soil sample. The drainage board 32 is a plastic drainage board 32, and the existing structure is adopted as needed. The drainage board 32 is used to drain the water at the bottom of the sand and soil sample into the top of the sand and soil sample, and then into the side groove 36 through the drainage groove 35, and finally out of the box body 31 through the drainage pipe 34. The arrangement of the drainage board 32, the drainage groove 35 and the side groove 36 facilitates the drainage of water in the sandy soil sample, making the test device more suitable for actual working conditions. A sensor 33 for detecting the response of sandy soil is arranged in the test box 3, and the sensor 33 is pre-buried inside the sandy soil sample. The sensor 33 is connected to the controller. The sensor 33 is moved in the horizontal and vertical planes of the sandy soil sample as required, and the sensor 33 avoids the vibration point of the sandy soil sample. The type of the sensor 33 can be a pore water pressure sensor 33, an earth pressure sensor 33, etc. as required.

[0064] In the present application, the first motor 13, the second motor 215, the third motor 49, the sensor 33, the vibrator 22, the first high-frequency actuator 210, the second high-frequency actuator 212, the mobile module, the air pump, the water pump and other electrical components are all connected to the controller, and the specific connection method can be connected using existing technical connections as needed.

[0065] The test method of the multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device comprises the following steps:

[0066] S1. Add the sand sample to be studied into the box 31, embed the sensor 33 in the sand sample as needed, and compact the sand sample to the density to be studied. Insert the drainage board 32 into the sand sample, and open the drainage groove 35 and the side groove 36 on the top of the sand sample.

[0067] S2. Start the third motor 49, the third motor 49 drives the third screw rod 48 to rotate, the third screw rod 48 drives the sliding sleeve 47 to move downward, the sliding sleeve 47 drives the slide plate 46 to move downward, the slide plate 46 is acted upon by the connecting rod 45 during the downward movement, the slide plate 46 slides outward along the sliding sleeve 47, the slide plate 46 drives the connecting plate 43 to slide downward in the limiting hole 42 through the connecting rod 45, the connecting plate 43 drives the pin 44 to move downward, the pin 44 is inserted into the ground, and the base 11 is fixed.

[0068] S3. Adjust the position of the vibration rod 21 by moving the module, and move the vibration rod 21 to the vibration point position. Start the first motor 13 and the air pump, the first motor 13 drives the lifting plate 15 to descend through the first screw 14, and the lifting plate 15 drives the vibration rod 21 and the exciter 22 to descend through the mounting seat 16. Start the exciter 22, and the exciter 22 applies vibration to the vibration rod 21; high-pressure gas is blown into the sand sample through the first through hole 223 and the second through hole 224 to accelerate the insertion of the vibration rod 21 into the sand sample.

[0069] S4, after the bottom end of the lower rod 24 reaches the required depth, the first motor 13 and the air pump are stopped, the second motor 215, the first high-frequency actuator 210, and the second high-frequency actuator 212 are started to vibrate, and the water pump is started. The second motor 215 drives the second screw rod 216 and the central gear 219 to rotate, and the central gear 219 drives the lower rod 24 to rotate through the transition gear 220 and the gear ring 222. The lower rod 24 drives the first high-frequency actuator 210 and the second high-frequency actuator 212 to rotate through the sliding hole 29. The first high-frequency actuator 210 drives the connecting seat 217 to rotate. The second screw rod 216 drives the connecting seat 217 to move up and down through the speed difference between the connecting seat 217 and the second screw rod 216. The connecting seat 217 drives the first high-frequency actuator 210 to move up and down along the sliding hole 29. The first high-frequency actuator 210 drives the first vibration plate 211 to rotate and move up and down to vibrate the sand and soil sample, and the second high-frequency actuator 212 drives the second vibration plate 213 to vibrate the sand and soil sample below. The water pump extracts the water entering the lower cavity. The response of the sand and soil sample is observed and recorded by the sensor 33.

[0070] S5, after the vibration retention is completed, the first motor 13 is started, and the first motor 13 drives the vibration rod 21 to be lifted upward to the second vibration retention position through the first screw rod 14 and the lifting plate 15 to perform vibration retention.

[0071] S6. After the first vibration point is completed, the vibration rod 21 is moved to the next vibration point by the moving module, and S3-S5 are repeated until the vibration of the sand sample in the box 31 is completed.

[0072] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device and test method to improve the reinforcement effect and uniformity of the foundation by performing multi-dimensional vibration on the foundation; and studies the vibration process to provide guidance for practical applications.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify or replace the technical solution of the present invention with equivalents, and these modifications or equivalent replacements cannot cause the modified technical solution to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device, characterized in that: include: A rack, the rack is arranged on the ground, and a fixing mechanism for fixing the rack is arranged at the bottom of the rack; The vibration mechanism is arranged on one side of the frame, and a lifting mechanism for driving the vibration mechanism to rise and fall is arranged on the frame; the vibration mechanism includes a vibration rod, and the vibration rod includes an upper rod and a lower rod connected in rotation, a rotating structure for driving the lower rod to rotate is arranged inside the upper rod, a vibration exciter is arranged on the top of the upper rod, and a vibration structure is arranged on the lower rod; The test box is arranged on one side of the frame and is located directly below the vibration mechanism. A sensor for detecting the response of sand and soil is arranged in the test box, and the sensor is connected with the controller.

2. A multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper cavity is provided inside the upper rod, and a lower cavity is provided inside the lower rod, and the upper cavity is connected with the lower cavity; upper wing plates distributed in a cross shape are provided on the side walls of the upper rod, and lower wing plates distributed in a cross shape are provided on the side walls of the lower rod, and a first through hole connected with the upper cavity is provided on the side walls of the upper rod and the upper wing plates, and a second through hole connected with the lower cavity is provided on the side walls of the lower rod, and filters are provided at the first through hole and the second through hole to prevent sand and soil from entering the upper cavity and the lower cavity; an air inlet and a drain port connected with the upper cavity are provided on the top of the upper rod, the air inlet is connected with an external high-pressure air pump, and the drain port is connected with the lower cavity through a water pipe, and a water pump is provided on the water pipe; the bottom end of the lower rod is conical.

3. A multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotating structure includes a second motor, which is arranged on a fixed plate, and the fixed plate is fixed on the inner wall of the upper cavity. A second screw is arranged on the output shaft of the second motor, and a center hole is arranged on the fixed plate for the second screw to pass through, and the bottom end of the second screw is rotatably connected to the inner cavity; a center gear is arranged on the second screw, and transition gears distributed in a circular array are arranged on the outside of the center gear, and the axle of the transition gear is rotatably connected to the mounting hole arranged on the fixed plate, and the transition gear is located between the center gear and the gear ring, and the transition gear is meshed with the center gear and the gear ring; the gear ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the connecting head at the top of the lower rod, and the connecting head is inserted in the upper cavity and rotatably connected to the upper cavity; a water-permeable hole connecting the upper cavity and the lower cavity is arranged on the fixed plate.

4. The multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration structure includes a connecting seat, which is located in the lower cavity and is slidably connected to the lower cavity. A threaded hole is provided in the center of the connecting seat for the second screw rod to pass through and is compatible with the second screw rod. A plurality of first high-frequency actuators are provided on the side wall of the connecting seat. A sliding hole is provided on the lower wing plate for the first high-frequency actuator to be inserted. The first high-frequency actuator is slidably connected to the sliding hole. The sliding hole has a limiting effect on the first high-frequency actuator so that the first high-frequency actuator can only move up and down relative to the sliding hole. A first vibration plate is provided at the piston end of the first high-frequency actuator. Telescopic filters are provided at both ends of the first high-frequency actuator and the sliding hole to prevent sand and soil from entering the lower cavity through the sliding hole.

5. The multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second high-frequency actuator is arranged at the bottom of the lower cavity, a through hole is arranged at the bottom end of the lower rod for the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator to pass through, the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator is sealingly and slidingly connected to the through hole, and a second vibration plate is arranged at the bottom end of the piston rod of the second high-frequency actuator to vibrate the sand below.

6. The multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixing mechanism includes a fixing frame, which is fixedly arranged on the base, and a limiting hole is arranged on the base, a connecting plate is slidably arranged in the limiting hole, and a plurality of pins are arranged on the lower surface of the connecting plate, a slide plate is arranged between the base and the fixing frame, one end of the slide plate is hinged to the top of the fixing frame and the connecting plate respectively through a connecting rod, a sliding sleeve is arranged on the outside of the slide plate, and a roller is rotatably arranged on the inner wall of the sliding sleeve for facilitating the sliding of the slide plate in the sliding sleeve; a sliding structure for driving the sliding sleeve to slide up and down is arranged between the mounting frame and the base, the sliding structure includes a third screw rod arranged vertically, the third screw rod is rotatably connected to the fixing frame and the base, a third motor for driving the third screw rod to rotate is arranged on the fixing frame, a threaded hole for allowing the third screw rod to pass through and matching with the third screw rod is arranged on the sliding sleeve, and an avoidance groove for allowing the third screw rod to pass through and satisfying the sliding of the slide plate is arranged at the other end of the slide plate.

7. The multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism includes a first screw rod, the bottom end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to a movable module arranged on the base, the top end of the first screw rod is rotatably connected to a top plate, the top plate is connected to the movable module, and the top plate and the first screw rod are kept to move synchronously on the base, a first motor is arranged on the top plate to drive the first screw rod to rotate, a lifting plate is arranged between the top plate and the movable module, a threaded hole is arranged on the lifting plate for the first screw rod to pass through and is adapted to the first screw rod, a guide rod is arranged between the top plate and the movable module that is parallel to the first screw rod and moves synchronously, a hole is arranged on the lifting plate for the guide rod to pass through, the lifting plate is slidably connected to the guide rod, and the exciter is connected to the lifting plate through a connecting structure.

8. The multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connection structure includes a mounting seat, which is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. A stepped mounting groove is provided on the mounting seat, through which the vibration rod passes. A mounting plate is provided in the mounting groove. The mounting plate and the stepped surface of the mounting groove are connected by a spring. A through hole is provided on the mounting plate for the vibration rod to pass through. The exciter is fixedly set on the mounting plate.

9. The multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The test box includes a box body, in which a sandy soil sample to be studied is placed, a grid-shaped drainage groove is arranged on the top of the sandy soil sample, an annular side groove is arranged between the sandy soil sample and the inner wall of the box body, the drainage groove is connected with the side groove, a drainage pipe connected with the side groove is arranged on the box body, a drainage board is arranged at the bottom of the drainage groove and the side groove, the drainage board is located inside the sandy soil sample, and a sensor is pre-buried inside the sandy soil sample.

10. A test method for a multi-dimensional vibration reinforcement foundation test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Add the sandy soil sample to be studied into the box, embed the sensor in the sandy soil sample, and compact the sandy soil sample to the density to be studied; insert the drainage board into the sandy soil sample, and open the drainage groove and side groove on the top of the sandy soil sample; S2, start the third motor, the third motor drives the third screw to rotate, the third screw drives the sliding sleeve to move downward, the sliding sleeve drives the slide plate to move downward, the slide plate is acted on by the connecting rod during the downward movement, the slide plate slides outward along the sliding sleeve, the slide plate drives the connecting plate to slide downward in the limiting hole through the connecting rod, the connecting plate drives the pin to move downward, the pin is inserted into the ground, and the base is fixed; S3, adjusting the position of the vibration rod by moving the module, moving the vibration rod to the vibration point position, starting the first motor and the air pump, the first motor drives the lifting plate to descend through the first screw, and the lifting plate drives the vibration rod and the exciter to descend through the mounting seat; starting the exciter, the exciter applies vibration to the vibration rod, and the high-pressure gas is blown into the sand sample through the first through hole and the second through hole to accelerate the insertion of the vibration rod into the sand sample; S4. After the bottom end of the lower rod reaches the required depth, the first motor and the air pump are stopped, and the second motor, the first high-frequency actuator, and the second high-frequency actuator are started to retain the vibration, and the water pump is started; the second motor drives the second screw rod and the central gear to rotate, the central gear drives the lower rod to rotate through the transition gear and the ring gear, the lower rod drives the first high-frequency actuator and the second high-frequency actuator to rotate through the sliding hole, the first high-frequency actuator drives the connecting seat to rotate, the second screw rod drives the connecting seat to move up and down through the speed difference between the connecting seat and the second screw rod, the connecting seat drives the first high-frequency actuator to move up and down along the sliding hole, the first high-frequency actuator drives the first vibration plate to rotate and move up and down to vibrate the sand and soil sample, and the second high-frequency actuator drives the second vibration plate to vibrate the sand and soil sample below; the response of the sand and soil sample is observed and recorded through the sensor; S5, after the vibration retention is completed, the first motor is started, and the first motor drives the vibration rod to be lifted upward to the second vibration retention position through the first screw rod and the lifting plate to retain the vibration; S6. After the first vibration point is completed, the vibration rod is moved to the next vibration point by moving the module, and S3-S5 are repeated until the vibration of the sand sample in the box is completed.

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