Hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system and engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of vehicles, and particularly discloses a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system and an engine, the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system comprises a cylinder sleeve, a cylinder cover, an air inlet pipe and a hydrogen spraying assembly, and a piston is arranged in the cylinder sleeve; the cylinder cover is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder sleeve, the cylinder sleeve, the cylinder cover and the piston define a combustion chamber, the cylinder cover is provided with two air inlets communicated with the combustion chamber and a mounting hole, the cylinder cover is provided with a first datum plane, the axis of the cylinder sleeve is located on the first datum plane, and the axis of the mounting hole is located on the first datum plane. The air inlet is formed in one side of the first reference surface; the air inlet pipe comprises a tangential air channel and a spiral air channel, and the tangential air channel and the spiral air channel communicate with the two air inlets correspondingly. The hydrogen spraying assembly is inserted into the mounting hole and used for spraying hydrogen into the combustion chamber. According to the combustion system of the hydrogen internal combustion engine, the problems of poor ignition stability, poor combustion sufficiency and high hydrogen detonation tendency in the combustion chamber are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system and an engine. Background Art

[0002] As a green and efficient secondary energy source, hydrogen energy has the characteristics of high calorific value per unit mass, diverse sources and wide application. It is an important carrier for promoting large-scale application of zero-carbon renewable energy and deep clean decarbonization in multiple fields. It is also a major strategic direction for the global energy technology revolution and transformation development. At present, there are two ways to use hydrogen as an automotive energy source. One is hydrogen fuel cells, and the other is to use hydrogen as fuel for internal combustion engines, that is, hydrogen internal combustion engines. Hydrogen internal combustion engines do not require precious metal catalysts and have lower requirements for hydrogen purity than hydrogen fuel cells, which can reduce the cost of fuel use. At the same time, the principle of hydrogen internal combustion engines is similar to that of traditional internal combustion engines, retaining their main structures and systems, and most of the parts can be used universally, thereby greatly reducing the cost of engine manufacturing. In the future, the application scenarios of hydrogen internal combustion engines will be broader, with more cost and promotion advantages.

[0003] At present, most hydrogen internal combustion engines are spark-ignition type. Due to the characteristics of low volume density of hydrogen, low ignition ability, and wide ignition limit, hydrogen internal combustion engines injected into the intake port are prone to abnormal combustion phenomena such as pre-ignition and backfire. In order to improve the charging efficiency and avoid abnormal combustion of hydrogen, the hydrogen supply method is changed from intake port injection to direct injection into the cylinder. Although direct injection of hydrogen into the cylinder can effectively solve the problem of backfire, the mixing time of hydrogen and air is short, resulting in uneven distribution of the concentration of the mixture in the cylinder. The uniformity of the mixture in the cylinder will affect the ignition stability, combustion sufficiency, and hydrogen knock tendency.

[0004] Therefore, a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system is urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system and an engine to solve the problem in the related art that hydrogen direct injection into the cylinder has a short mixing time of hydrogen and air, resulting in uneven distribution of the concentration of the mixed gas in the cylinder. The uniformity of the mixed gas in the cylinder will affect the ignition stability, combustion completeness and hydrogen knock tendency.

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system comprising:

[0007] A cylinder sleeve, wherein a piston is arranged in the cylinder sleeve;

[0008] A cylinder head, wherein the cylinder head is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder liner, the cylinder liner, the cylinder head and the piston enclose a combustion chamber, the cylinder head is provided with two air inlets and a mounting hole communicating with the combustion chamber, the cylinder head has a first reference plane, the axis of the cylinder liner is located on the first reference plane, the axis of the mounting hole is located on the first reference plane, the mounting hole is spaced apart from the axis of the cylinder liner, and the air inlet is arranged on one side of the first reference plane;

[0009] An air intake pipe, comprising a tangential air passage and a spiral air passage, wherein the tangential air passage and the spiral air passage are respectively connected to the two air intake ports;

[0010] A hydrogen injection assembly is inserted into the mounting hole, and the hydrogen injection assembly is used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, the hydrogen injection assembly includes a hydrogen nozzle and a guide cap, the guide cap is inserted into the mounting hole, the injection end of the hydrogen nozzle is inserted into the guide cap, and the hydrogen nozzle and the guide cap are surrounded by an air cavity;

[0012] The cylinder head has a second reference plane, the axis of the cylinder liner is located on the second reference plane, the first reference plane and the second reference plane are perpendicular, the guide cap is provided with a guide hole connecting the air cavity and the combustion chamber, and the axis of the guide hole is arranged at an angle to the second reference plane.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, at least two guide holes are provided.

[0014] As an optimal technical solution for the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, there are three guide holes, namely a first guide hole, a second guide hole and a third guide hole. The axis of the first guide hole is located on the first reference plane, and the second guide hole and the third guide hole are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first guide hole.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution for the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, the distance between the first guide hole and the second guide hole is a, and the distance between the first guide hole and the third guide hole is a, and a≥0.5 mm.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution for a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, the axis of the first guide hole is located on a third reference plane, and the axis of the guide cap is parallel to the third reference plane, the axis of the second guide hole is located on a fourth reference plane, and the axis of the guide cap is parallel to the fourth reference plane, and the third reference plane and the fourth reference plane form a preset angle α, 30°≤α≤50°.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution for the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, the angle between the axis of the first guide hole and the axis of the guide cap is β, the angle between the axis of the second guide hole and the axis of the guide cap is β, and the angle between the axis of the third guide hole and the axis of the guide cap is β, 40°≤β≤50°.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution for the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, the cylinder head is provided with two exhaust ports on the other side of the first reference plane;

[0019] It also includes an exhaust pipe, one end of which is connected to the two exhaust ports respectively.

[0020] As a preferred technical solution for the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, a chamfer is provided at one end of the guide hole opposite to the combustion chamber.

[0021] On the other hand, the present invention provides an engine, comprising a cylinder block and the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system of any of the above schemes, wherein the cylinder liner is inserted into the cylinder block, and the cylinder head is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cylinder block.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] The present invention provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system and an engine. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system comprises a cylinder liner, a cylinder head, an intake pipe and a hydrogen injection assembly. A piston is arranged in the cylinder liner. The cylinder head is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder liner. The cylinder liner, the cylinder head and the piston form a combustion chamber. The cylinder head is provided with two intake ports and a mounting hole connected to the combustion chamber. The cylinder head has a first reference plane. The axis of the cylinder liner is located on the first reference plane. The axis of the mounting hole is located on the first reference plane. The mounting hole is spaced apart from the axis of the cylinder liner. The intake port is arranged on one side of the first reference plane. The intake pipe comprises a tangential air passage and a spiral air passage. The tangential air passage and the spiral air passage are respectively connected to the two intake ports. The hydrogen injection assembly is inserted into the mounting hole. The hydrogen injection assembly is used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber. When the engine provided with the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system is working, the tangential air passage and the spiral air passage of the intake pipe respectively transport air into the combustion chamber through the two intake ports. Since the two intake ports are located on one side of the first reference plane, the air entering the combustion chamber through the tangential air passage and the spiral air passage forms a vortex around the axial direction of the cylinder sleeve. At this time, the axis of the mounting hole is located on the first reference plane, and the hydrogen injection assembly is inserted into the mounting hole and used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber. The vortex of the air is conducive to achieving full mixing of air and hydrogen, and finally achieving a high uniformity of hydrogen and air mixture in the combustion chamber before the piston moves to the top dead center (before ignition). This effectively improves the problems of poor ignition stability, poor combustion completeness and high tendency of hydrogen knock in the combustion chamber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 A top view of a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system along a first reference plane in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A bottom view of a cylinder head and a hydrogen injection assembly in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 The structure of the hydrogen injection assembly in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 5 The structure of the hydrogen injection assembly in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a hydrogen injection assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a simulation result diagram of the uniformity of mixing of air and hydrogen in a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention (three guide holes are provided);

[0031] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the equivalence ratio of air and hydrogen mixing uniformity in the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention (three guide holes are provided);

[0032] Fig. 9 This is a simulation result diagram of the uniformity of mixing of air and hydrogen in a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to an embodiment of the present invention (one guide hole is provided);

[0033] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the equivalence ratio of the mixing uniformity of air and hydrogen in the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system in an embodiment of the present invention (one guide hole is provided).

[0034] In the figure:

[0035] 1. Piston;

[0036] 2. Cylinder head; 21. Combustion chamber; 22. Air inlet; 23. Mounting hole; 24. Exhaust port; 25. Spark plug mounting hole; 26. First reference plane; 27. Second reference plane;

[0037] 3. Intake pipe; 31. Tangential airway; 32. Spiral airway;

[0038] 5. Hydrogen spray assembly; 51. Hydrogen nozzle; 52. Guide cap; 521. First guide hole; 522. Second guide hole; 523. Third guide hole; 524. Chamfered corner; 53. Third reference plane; 54. Fourth reference plane;

[0039] 6. Intake valve; 7. Spark plug. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. Among them, the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions, and the first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature include the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature "below", "below" and "below" the second feature include the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0042] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, this embodiment provides a hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, which includes a cylinder liner, a cylinder head 2, an intake pipe 3 and a hydrogen injection assembly 5, wherein a piston 1 is arranged in the cylinder liner; the cylinder head 2 is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder liner, and the cylinder liner, the cylinder head 2 and the piston 1 surround a combustion chamber 21, and the cylinder head 2 is provided with two intake ports 22 and a mounting hole 23 connected to the combustion chamber 21, the cylinder head 2 has a first reference plane 26, the axis of the cylinder liner is located on the first reference plane 26, the axis of the mounting hole 23 is located on the first reference plane 26, the mounting hole 23 is spaced from the axis of the cylinder liner, and the intake port 22 is arranged on one side of the first reference plane 26; the intake pipe 3 includes a tangential air passage 31 and a spiral air passage 32, and the tangential air passage 31 and the spiral air passage 32 are respectively connected to the two intake ports 22; the hydrogen injection assembly 5 is inserted into the mounting hole 23, and the hydrogen injection assembly 5 is used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber 21. When the engine provided with the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system is working, the tangential air passage 31 and the spiral air passage 32 of the intake pipe 3 respectively transport air into the combustion chamber 21 through the two intake ports 22. Since the two intake ports 22 are located on one side of the first reference plane 26, the air entering the combustion chamber 21 through the tangential air passage 31 and the spiral air passage 32 forms a vortex around the axial direction of the cylinder sleeve. At this time, the axis of the mounting hole 23 is located on the first reference plane 26, and the hydrogen injection assembly 5 is inserted in the mounting hole 23 and used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber 21. The vortex of the air is conducive to achieving full mixing of air and hydrogen, and finally achieving hydrogen and air before the piston 1 moves to the top dead center (before ignition), forming a mixed gas with high uniformity in the combustion chamber 21. This effectively improves the problems of poor ignition stability, poor combustion sufficiency and high hydrogen knock tendency in the combustion chamber 21.

[0045] Specifically, the tangential air duct 31 and the spiral air duct 32 can each form an intake vortex in the combustion chamber 21. The purposes of respectively setting the tangential air duct 31 and the spiral air duct 32 here are: on the one hand, to enhance the vortex speed of the intake vortex so that the air and hydrogen can be more fully mixed; on the other hand, to ensure that there is enough air in the combustion chamber 21, thereby avoiding incomplete combustion of hydrogen.

[0046] Optionally, the cylinder head 2 is provided with an exhaust port 24 on the other side of the first reference surface 26. Specifically, two exhaust ports 24 are provided. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system further includes an exhaust pipe, one end of which is respectively connected to the two exhaust ports 24. In this embodiment, two exhaust ports 24 are provided, and the two exhaust ports 24 can accelerate the discharge of exhaust gas in the combustion chamber 21.

[0047] Optionally, each air intake port 22 is provided with an air intake valve 6 , and each air exhaust port 24 is provided with an exhaust valve.

[0048] Optionally, the cylinder head 2 is further provided with a spark plug mounting hole 25, the spark plug mounting hole 25 is communicated with the combustion chamber 21, and the spark plug 7 is inserted into the spark plug mounting hole 25. Specifically, the axis of the spark plug mounting hole 25 is colinear with the axis of the cylinder liner.

[0049] Optionally, the hydrogen injection assembly 5 includes a hydrogen nozzle 51 and a guide cap 52, the guide cap 52 is inserted into the mounting hole 23, the injection end of the hydrogen nozzle 51 is inserted into the guide cap 52, and the hydrogen nozzle 51 and the guide cap 52 are arranged to form an air cavity; the cylinder head 2 has a second reference plane 27, the axis of the cylinder sleeve is located at the second reference plane 27, the first reference plane 26 and the second reference plane 27 are perpendicular, and the guide cap 52 is provided with a guide hole connecting the air cavity and the combustion chamber 21, and the axis of the guide hole is arranged at an angle with the second reference plane 27. In this embodiment, the hydrogen sprayed from the hydrogen nozzle 51 first enters the air cavity and then sprays out from the guide hole. Since the axis of the guide hole is arranged at an angle with the second reference plane 27, the sprayed hydrogen can be sprayed toward the air vortex in the combustion chamber 21, and the guide cap 52 can guide the hydrogen into the vortex to promote the full mixing of hydrogen and air, which is conducive to improving the mixing uniformity of air and hydrogen in the combustion chamber 21.

[0050] Optionally, at least two guide holes are provided. In this embodiment, at least two guide holes are provided to improve the dispersion of hydrogen after being ejected from the guide cap 52, thereby facilitating the mixing of hydrogen and air. Specifically, the number of guide holes may be 2, 3 or 4.

[0051] Optionally, three guide holes are provided, namely, a first guide hole 521, a second guide hole 522 and a third guide hole 523. The axis of the first guide hole 521 is located at the first reference plane 26, and the second guide hole 522 and the third guide hole 523 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first guide hole 521. In this embodiment, more guide holes are arranged while keeping the total cross-sectional area of ​​the guide holes the same and ensuring the spacing between the guide holes, so as to improve the dispersion of the hydrogen after being ejected. If the number of guide holes is too small, the dispersion of hydrogen will be poor during the hydrogen injection stage, which is not conducive to the mixing of hydrogen and air. If the number of guide holes is large, less hydrogen will be ejected from each guide hole. Since the density of hydrogen is small, the mass is small, which causes the ejected hydrogen to easily gather in the upper part of the combustion chamber 21, which is not conducive to uniform mixing. According to calculation and research, when the number of guide holes is three, the hydrogen mixing effect is better.

[0052] The second guide hole 522 and the third guide hole 523 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first guide hole 521. This arrangement allows the hydrogen ejected from the guide cap 52 to form a fan-shaped surface. Since the axis of the first guide hole 521 intersects with the axis of the cylinder liner, the fan-shaped surface formed by the hydrogen is inserted in the vortex formed by the air, which is beneficial to the rapid mixing of hydrogen and air.

[0053] Optionally, the spacing between the first guide hole 521 and the second guide hole 522 is a, and the spacing between the first guide hole 521 and the third guide hole 523 is a, a≥0.5mm. In this embodiment, the above arrangement can ensure the dispersion of the hydrogen jet and the reliability of the guide cap 52, specifically, a=0.5mm.

[0054] Optionally, the axis of the first guide hole 521 is located on the third reference plane 53, and the axis of the guide cap 52 is parallel to the third reference plane 53, the axis of the second guide hole 522 is located on the fourth reference plane 54, and the axis of the guide cap 52 is parallel to the fourth reference plane 54, and the third reference plane 53 and the fourth reference plane 54 are at a preset angle α, 30°≤α≤50°. In this embodiment, this setting ensures that the hydrogen ejected from the guide cap 52 has good dispersion. Specifically, the value of α is 40°.

[0055] Optionally, the angle between the axis of the first guide hole 521 and the axis of the guide cap 52 is β, the angle between the axis of the second guide hole 522 and the axis of the guide cap 52 is β, and the angle between the axis of the third guide hole 523 and the axis of the guide cap 52 is β, and 40°≤β≤50°. In this embodiment, the above arrangement allows the hydrogen ejected from the guide cap 52 to have a longer distance to penetrate the air vortex. Specifically, the value of β is 45°.

[0056] Optionally, a chamfer 524 is provided at one end of the guide hole opposite to the combustion chamber 21. In this embodiment, if the chamfer 524 is not provided at one end of the guide hole opposite to the combustion chamber 21, when the hydrogen in the combustion chamber 21 burns, a hot spot is generated locally at the tip of one end of the guide hole, and when hydrogen is injected into the combustion chamber 21, the local hot spot at the tip of one end of the guide hole is likely to induce hydrogen pre-ignition. Therefore, the above arrangement can effectively prevent the local hot spot from being generated at the tip of the end of the guide hole opposite to the combustion chamber 21.

[0057] This embodiment also provides an engine, including a cylinder block and the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system in the above scheme, wherein the cylinder liner is inserted into the cylinder block, and the cylinder head 2 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cylinder block.

[0058] During the working process of the engine:

[0059] Hydrogen is injected directly at low pressure, with an injection pressure of 2.5-3.0 MPa and a total flow area of ​​11.4 mm2 for the guide holes. 2 The maximum hydrogen injection flow rate generated is 5.7~8g / s.

[0060] The intake pipe 3 includes a tangential air passage 31 and a spiral air passage 32. Fresh air enters the combustion chamber 21 through the intake valve 6, forming a clockwise vortex moving around the central axis of the cylinder. The hydrogen nozzle 51 cap extends into the combustion chamber 21. After the intake valve 6 is closed, hydrogen is directly injected into the cylinder, and the hydrogen is injected into the combustion chamber 21 through the guide hole. The guide cap 52 in this example can achieve a good match between the hydrogen injection direction and the vortex movement direction in the cylinder: the design of the three guide holes can increase the coverage of the hydrogen jet (increase the mixing area of ​​hydrogen and air) during the hydrogen injection stage, which is conducive to enhancing the mixing of hydrogen and air with the help of the vortex in the cylinder, and finally realize that hydrogen and air form a mixed gas with a high uniformity in the cylinder before the piston 1 moves to the top dead center (before ignition), so as to reduce the risk of hydrogen detonation, reduce NOx emissions, and improve combustion efficiency and thermal efficiency.

[0061] refer to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the mixing uniformity simulation of hydrogen direct injection in the cylinder was carried out under the condition of 3000 engine rpm (injection pressure 2.5MPa), Figure 7 The hydrogen injection and mixing process using the hydrogen nozzle 51 of this embodiment is demonstrated. Firstly, the sprayed hydrogen has a longer penetration distance and a wider jet area. Secondly, the sprayed hydrogen fills the entire cylinder under the action of the vortex, which is more conducive to the mixing of hydrogen and air. Figure 8 The equivalence ratio distribution diagram at -10° ATDC is shown. The equivalence ratio distribution in the entire combustion chamber 21 is uniform, and the simulation results show that the hydrogen mixing uniformity reaches 69%. The definition of hydrogen mixing uniformity UI is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] Where Ci is the hydrogen mass fraction of each grid, ρi is the density of each grid, and Vi is the volume of each grid.

[0064] For comparison, a single-hole hydrogen nozzle 51 was used to carry out a mixing uniformity simulation of hydrogen direct injection in the cylinder under the condition of 3000 engine revolutions (injection pressure 2.5 MPa), and the cross-sectional area of ​​a single hydrogen injection hole was kept the same as the total cross-sectional area of ​​the three hydrogen injection holes of the present invention. Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The hydrogen jet ejected from a single hydrogen injection hole is conical, and its dispersion is poor, resulting in the vortex in the cylinder to gather the hydrogen at the bottom of the combustion chamber 21, which is not conducive to the upward diffusion of hydrogen. Fig.10 As shown, at -10° ATDC, there is a region with a higher concentration at the bottom of the combustion chamber 21, and a region with a lower concentration at the top of the combustion chamber 21, and the hydrogen mixing uniformity is poor. The simulation results show that the hydrogen mixing uniformity is 57%.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system, characterized in that: include: A cylinder sleeve, wherein a piston (1) is arranged in the cylinder sleeve; A cylinder head (2), wherein the cylinder head (2) is arranged on the upper surface of the cylinder liner, the cylinder liner, the cylinder head (2) and the piston (1) enclose a combustion chamber (21), the cylinder head (2) is provided with two air inlets (22) and a mounting hole (23) communicating with the combustion chamber (21), the cylinder head (2) has a first reference plane (26), the axis of the cylinder liner is located on the first reference plane (26), the axis of the mounting hole (23) is located on the first reference plane (26), the mounting hole (23) is spaced apart from the axis of the cylinder liner, and the air inlet (22) is arranged on one side of the first reference plane (26); An air intake pipe (3), comprising a tangential air passage (31) and a spiral air passage (32), wherein the tangential air passage (31) and the spiral air passage (32) are respectively connected to the two air intake ports (22); A hydrogen injection assembly (5) is inserted into the mounting hole (23), and the hydrogen injection assembly (5) is used to inject hydrogen into the combustion chamber (21).

2. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen injection assembly (5) comprises a hydrogen nozzle (51) and a guide cap (52), wherein the guide cap (52) is inserted into the mounting hole (23), the injection end of the hydrogen nozzle (51) is inserted into the guide cap (52), and the hydrogen nozzle (51) and the guide cap (52) are arranged to form an air cavity; The cylinder head (2) has a second reference plane (27), the axis of the cylinder liner is located on the second reference plane (27), the first reference plane (26) and the second reference plane (27) are perpendicular, and the guide cap (52) is provided with a guide hole connecting the air cavity and the combustion chamber (21), and the axis of the guide hole is arranged at an angle with the second reference plane (27).

3. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least two guide holes are provided.

4. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide holes are provided in three numbers and are respectively a first guide hole (521), a second guide hole (522) and a third guide hole (523); the axis of the first guide hole (521) is located on the first reference plane (26); the second guide hole (522) and the third guide hole (523) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first guide hole (521).

5. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The distance between the first guide hole (521) and the second guide hole (522) is a, and the distance between the first guide hole (521) and the third guide hole (523) is a, and a≥0.5 mm.

6. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axis of the first guide hole (521) is located on a third reference plane (53), and the axis of the guide cap (52) is parallel to the third reference plane (53); the axis of the second guide hole (522) is located on a fourth reference plane (54), and the axis of the guide cap (52) is parallel to the fourth reference plane (54); the third reference plane (53) and the fourth reference plane (54) form a preset angle α, 30°≤α≤50°.

7. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The included angle between the axis of the first guide hole (521) and the axis of the guide cap (52) is β, the included angle between the axis of the second guide hole (522) and the axis of the guide cap (52) is β, and the included angle between the axis of the third guide hole (523) and the axis of the guide cap (52) is β, and 40°≤β≤50°.

8. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder head (2) is provided with two exhaust ports on the other side of the first reference surface (26); It also includes an exhaust pipe, one end of which is connected to the two exhaust ports respectively.

9. The hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A chamfered corner (524) is provided at one end of the guide hole opposite to the combustion chamber (21).

10. An engine, comprising a cylinder block and the hydrogen internal combustion engine combustion system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the cylinder liner is inserted into the cylinder block, and the cylinder head (2) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the cylinder block.

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