Photovoltaic glass

Abstract

The invention discloses photovoltaic glass, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, the photovoltaic glass comprises a first glass substrate and a second glass substrate which are relatively fixed, the first glass substrate is used for facing outdoors, and the second glass substrate is used for facing indoors; the perovskite thin-film solar cell is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the second glass substrate, of the first glass substrate; and the organic thin-film solar cell is arranged on the surface of one side, facing the first glass substrate, of the second glass substrate. According to the technical scheme, the photovoltaic glass is prepared based on the two thin films, the thickness of the photovoltaic glass is greatly reduced compared with a crystalline silicon solar cell, the two thin film solar cells have different absorption wavelengths, the absorption wavelength range of the photovoltaic glass can be widened, and the light utilization rate is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and more specifically, to a photovoltaic glass. Background Art

[0002] Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) is a technology that integrates solar power generation systems into the building's outer structure, aiming to provide electricity while enhancing the building's aesthetics and functionality. Among them, a mainstream product in building-integrated photovoltaic technology is photovoltaic glass.

[0003] At present, conventional photovoltaic glass mainly uses crystalline silicon solar cells. Due to the characteristics of silicon-based materials, photovoltaic glass for solar cells based on crystalline silicon is heavy and has a narrow absorption wavelength range. It can only use visible light and infrared light, and has a low light utilization rate. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a photovoltaic glass, and the scheme is as follows:

[0005] A photovoltaic glass, comprising:

[0006] A first glass substrate and a second glass substrate are relatively fixed, the first glass substrate is used to be arranged facing outdoors, and the second glass substrate is used to be arranged facing indoors;

[0007] A perovskite thin-film solar cell, wherein the perovskite thin-film solar cell is arranged on a surface of the first glass substrate facing the second glass substrate;

[0008] The organic thin film solar cell is arranged on a surface of the second glass substrate facing the first glass substrate.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned photovoltaic glass, the surface of the organic thin-film solar cell facing the perovskite thin-film solar cell and the surface facing the second glass substrate are respectively provided with semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers, and the two semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers are constructed into an optical micro-vibration cavity for making the light reflect multiple times between the two semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers.

[0010] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic glass, there is a gap between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell;

[0011] The spacing is used at least for thermal isolation between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell.

[0012] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic glass, based on the spacing, sound insulation material is filled between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell.

[0013] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic glass, based on the spacing, there is a gas gap between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell;

[0014] Wherein, a desiccant is also arranged in the gas gap; and / or, the gas gap is filled with an inert gas.

[0015] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic glass, the spacing ranges from 10 nm to 100 nm.

[0016] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic glass, a surface of the perovskite thin-film solar cell facing the organic thin-film solar cell has a plurality of first scattering dots.

[0017] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic glass, a reflective-enhancing layer is disposed on one surface of the first glass substrate.

[0018] Optionally, the photovoltaic glass further comprises: a frame used as a window frame, the frame being used to fix and seal the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate around.

[0019] Optionally, in the above photovoltaic glass, both the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell can transmit part of the visible light.

[0020] From the above description, it can be seen that in the photovoltaic glass provided by the technical solution of the present application, perovskite thin-film solar cells and organic thin-film solar cells are respectively arranged on the relative first glass substrate and the second glass substrate. The two thin-film solar cells greatly reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic glass compared to the crystalline silicon solar cells, and the two thin-film solar cells have different absorption wavelengths, which can improve the absorption wavelength range of the photovoltaic glass and improve the utilization rate of light. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the related technologies, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0022] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in the drawings of this specification are only used to match the contents disclosed in the specification so as to facilitate understanding and reading by persons familiar with this technology. They are not used to limit the conditions under which this application can be implemented, and therefore have no substantive technical significance. Any structural modification, change in proportion or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by this application, should still fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in this application.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A top view of a surface of one side of the first glass substrate in the photovoltaic glass shown, on which a perovskite thin-film solar cell is disposed;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 6 A top view of a surface of a side of the second glass substrate in the photovoltaic glass on which an organic thin-film solar cell is disposed;

[0031] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Fig.10 for Fig. 9 A top view of a surface of one side of the first glass substrate in the photovoltaic glass shown, on which a perovskite thin-film solar cell is disposed;

[0033] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] D-spacing; 11-first glass substrate; 12-second glass substrate; 13-perovskite thin-film solar cell; 131-first strip-shaped thin-film solar cell; 14-organic thin-film solar cell; 141-second strip-shaped thin-film solar cell; 15-semi-reflective and semi-transparent layer; 16-packaging glue; 17-sound insulation material; 18-first scattering points; 19-second scattering points; 20-frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application to clearly and completely describe the embodiments in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0038] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application, the photovoltaic glass comprises:

[0039] A first glass substrate 11 and a second glass substrate 12 are relatively fixed, wherein the first glass substrate 11 is used to be arranged facing outdoors, and the second glass substrate 12 is used to be arranged facing indoors;

[0040] A perovskite thin film solar cell 13, wherein the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 is disposed on a surface of the first glass substrate 11 facing the second glass substrate 12;

[0041] The organic thin film solar cell 14 is disposed on a surface of the second glass substrate 12 facing the first glass substrate 11 .

[0042] The photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used as the roof, wall and window of the building. Photovoltaic glass is used in buildings, and can provide power for the power supply system in the building based on the internal integrated thin-film solar cells, which can not only effectively utilize solar energy and provide clean energy for the building, but also provide the building with aesthetics and functionality.

[0043] Since the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 are both thin film solar cells, the thickness of the thin film solar cell can be reduced to a few microns to tens of microns, while the thickness of the crystalline silicon solar cell is at least tens of microns to hundreds of microns. Therefore, when the thickness of the glass substrate is the same, the sum of the thickness of the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 in the embodiment of the present application is much smaller than the thickness of the transistor solar cell, which can greatly reduce the thickness of the photovoltaic glass.

[0044] Conventional crystalline silicon solar cells are heavy and rigid, and can only form flat-plate photovoltaic modules based on two-dimensional flat glass. Photovoltaic glass based on crystalline silicon is not only heavy, but also cannot be used to prepare three-dimensional photovoltaic glass.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, since the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 are both thin film solar cells, they have the advantages of thinness and flexibility of thin films, and have little effect on the thickness and weight of the glass substrate, and the weight and thickness of the prepared photovoltaic glass are small. Moreover, the thin film solar cell can be directly attached to the surface of the glass substrate, not only can it be attached to the surface of two-dimensional flat glass to prepare two-dimensional flat photovoltaic glass, but also can be attached to the surface of three-dimensional glass substrates (such as bow glass, spherical glass and bent glass, etc.), which is convenient for preparing three-dimensional photovoltaic glass.

[0046] In addition, the wavelength range absorbed by crystalline silicon solar cells for photoelectric conversion is visible light and near-infrared light. The absorbable wavelength range is narrow and the utilization rate of sunlight is low.

[0047] In the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiment of the present application, a perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and an organic thin film solar cell 14 are integrated at the same time, wherein the wavelength range absorbed by the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 for photoelectric conversion includes ultraviolet light and visible light, and the wavelength range absorbed by the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 includes 300nm-800nm, and the wavelength range absorbed by the organic thin film solar cell 14 for photoelectric conversion includes visible light and near infrared light, and the wavelength range absorbed by the organic thin film solar cell 14 includes 400nm-1000nm. The remaining light that cannot be absorbed by the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can be absorbed by the organic thin film solar cell 14 for photoelectric conversion after passing through the perovskite thin film solar cell 13, so that the photovoltaic glass can not only use visible light and near infrared light for photovoltaic power generation, but also use ultraviolet light for photovoltaic power generation, which increases the wavelength range absorbed by the photovoltaic glass and can improve the utilization rate of light by the photovoltaic glass.

[0048] The wavelength range of ultraviolet light is 10nm~400nm. The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can absorb ultraviolet light of a certain wavelength band. Since the penetration ability of ultraviolet light is relatively weak, other ultraviolet light that cannot be absorbed by the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can be blocked by the perovskite thin film solar cell 13, so that the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can be reused as an ultraviolet filter element of the organic thin film solar cell 14 to reduce the irradiation damage of ultraviolet light to the organic thin film solar cell 14.

[0049] Based on the high absorption rate of the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 in the ultraviolet band and the high absorption rate of the organic thin-film solar cell 14 in the visible light band and the near-infrared band, the photovoltaic glass can absorb and utilize a wider spectrum of incident light.

[0050] The photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiment of the present application can not only improve the absorption wavelength range of the photovoltaic glass by utilizing the complementarity of the absorption wavelength ranges of the perovskite thin-film solar cells 13 close to the outdoors and the organic thin-film solar cells 14 close to the indoors, but also can use the perovskite thin-film solar cells 13 as ultraviolet filtering elements of the organic thin-film solar cells 14 based on the high absorption characteristics of the perovskite thin-film solar cells 13 in the ultraviolet band, so as to reduce the radiation damage of the organic thin-film solar cells 14 caused by ultraviolet light in the outdoor incident sunlight, thereby improving the service life of the organic thin-film solar cells 14.

[0051] Moreover, the visible light and near-infrared light that are not absorbed and utilized by the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 can be further absorbed and utilized by the organic thin-film solar cell 14 to further improve the utilization rate of the visible light and near-infrared light by the photovoltaic glass.

[0052] It is easy to know that the organic thin film solar cell 14 will cause the internal organic active layer to degrade and fail, thereby affecting the service life of the organic thin film solar cell 14. In the embodiment of the present application, the organic thin film solar cell 14 is arranged on the side of the photovoltaic glass close to the indoor, and the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 is arranged on the side of the photovoltaic glass close to the indoor, and the characteristic of the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 that can absorb ultraviolet light for photovoltaic power generation can be utilized to absorb ultraviolet light in the external incident sunlight, and the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can be reused as an ultraviolet filter element of the organic thin film solar cell 14 to reduce the influence of ultraviolet light on the organic active layer in the organic thin film solar cell 14, and while increasing the absorption wavelength range of the photovoltaic glass, the service life of the organic thin film solar cell 14 can be increased.

[0053] The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 includes two layers of transparent electrodes stacked on the surface of the first glass substrate 11 and a perovskite active layer between the two layers of transparent electrodes. The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 uses a transparent electrode, which can not only utilize outdoor sunlight incident from one side of the first glass substrate 11, but also make the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 have a certain degree of transparency, which is convenient for preparing transparent photovoltaic glass.

[0054] The organic thin film solar cell 14 includes two layers of transparent electrodes stacked on the surface of the second glass substrate 12 and an organic active layer between the two layers of transparent electrodes. The organic thin film solar cell 14 uses a transparent electrode, which not only enables the organic thin film solar cell 14 to have a certain degree of transparency, so as to facilitate the preparation of transparent photovoltaic glass, but also enables the organic thin film solar cell 14 to absorb and utilize indoor light on the side facing the room based on the transparent second glass substrate and a layer of transparent electrode, and can not only utilize outdoor sunlight incident from the first glass substrate 11 side through the perovskite thin film solar cell 13, but also utilize indoor light, thereby improving the utilization rate of light.

[0055] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another photovoltaic glass structure provided in an embodiment of the present application, based on any of the above embodiments, Figure 2 In the photovoltaic glass shown, the surface of the organic thin film solar cell 14 facing the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the surface facing the second glass substrate 12 are respectively provided with a semi-reflective and semi-transparent layer 15, and the two layers of semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers 15 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 are constructed into an optical micro-vibration cavity for allowing light to be reflected multiple times between the two layers of semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers 15.

[0056] The outdoor sunlight not utilized by the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the indoor light incident from the second glass substrate 12 can be reflected multiple times between the two semi-reflective and semi-transmissive layers 15, and each reflection causes a portion of the light to be absorbed by the organic thin film solar cell 14. This embodiment can not only improve the absorption of outdoor sunlight by the organic thin film solar cell 14, but also effectively utilize the indoor scattered light, lamplight and sunlight incident from the second glass substrate 12, thereby improving the utilization rate of light by the photovoltaic glass.

[0057] Based on the above description, we can see that Figure 2 In the illustrated embodiment, two semi-reflective and semi-transmissive layers 15 are constructed as an optical micro-resonance cavity, so that incident light can be reflected multiple times between the optical micro-resonance cavities, thereby improving the utilization rate of infrared light and visible light by the organic thin film solar cell 14.

[0058] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application, based on any of the above implementations, Figure 3 In the photovoltaic glass shown, there is a distance D between the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 ; the distance D is at least used for thermal isolation between the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 .

[0059] If the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 are in direct contact, heat crosstalk will occur between the two. Instead of utilizing the heat dissipation of the two thin film solar cells, a distance D is provided between the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14. Based on the distance D, the thermal isolation between the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 can at least be improved, thereby preventing thermal crosstalk between the two thin film solar cells and ensuring the heat dissipation efficiency of the two thin film solar cells.

[0060] Optionally, the spacing D between the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 has a value range of 10nm~100nm. If the spacing D is too large, it will not only cause the thickness of the photovoltaic glass to be too large, but also cause scattering and energy loss of the light incident on the photovoltaic glass, affecting the light utilization rate of the photovoltaic glass. In the embodiment of the present application, the spacing D is set to a value range of 10nm~100nm. While maintaining an appropriate spacing and avoiding excessive thickness of the photovoltaic film, it is also convenient to help the photovoltaic glass dissipate heat, and better achieve thermal isolation between the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14.

[0061] In the embodiment of the present application, the edges around the relative surfaces of the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12 are sealed and fixed by the packaging glue 16. While bonding and fixing the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12, water and oxygen can be prevented from corroding the perovskite thin film solar cells 13 and the organic thin film solar cells 14, thereby ensuring the service life of the perovskite thin film solar cells 13 and the organic thin film solar cells 14.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the sound insulation performance of the photovoltaic glass can be improved based on the distance D between the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 and the organic thin-film solar cell 14 .

[0063] In one embodiment of the present application, based on the distance D, there is a gas gap between the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14; wherein a desiccant is also provided in the gas gap; and / or the gas gap is filled with an inert gas.

[0064] If a desiccant is provided in the gas gap, the desiccant can be fixed on the inner surface of any glass substrate or the surface of any thin-film solar cell, or fixed on the inner wall of the packaging glue 16. The desiccant can absorb the water vapor in the gas gap and the water vapor invading from the external environment, so as to improve the weather resistance of the thin-film solar cell and improve the use of the thin-film solar cell.

[0065] If the gas gap is filled with an inert gas, the sound insulation effect of the photovoltaic glass can be improved. Optionally, the inert gas can be argon, which has a lower density and can effectively reduce the propagation of sound waves, thereby improving the isolation effect.

[0066] refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application, based on the above-mentioned implementation mode, if there is a distance D between the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 and the organic thin-film solar cell 14, a sound insulation material 17 can be provided between the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 and the organic thin-film solar cell 14 to improve the sound insulation effect of the photovoltaic glass.

[0067] Optionally, the sound insulation material can be PVB (polyvinyl butyral) material. When PVB material is used as the sound insulation material filled in photovoltaic glass, it can not only improve the sound insulation effect of photovoltaic glass, but also effectively improve the weather resistance of photovoltaic glass due to the high tensile strength, impact resistance, transparency, cold resistance, water resistance, heat resistance and aging resistance of PVB material, thereby ensuring the strength and transparency of photovoltaic glass.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the sound insulation material filled between the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 and the organic thin-film solar cell 14 is not limited to PVB material, but can also be mineral wool and toilet paper foam, etc. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the sound insulation material.

[0069] refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application, based on the above-mentioned embodiment, a surface of the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 facing the organic thin film solar cell 14 has a plurality of first scattering dots 18. The first scattering dots 18 can make the light that is not absorbed and utilized by the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 be more evenly irradiated to the organic thin film solar cell 14, so that different regions of the organic thin film solar cell 14 have uniform photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

[0070] The first scattering dots 18 may be light-transmitting protrusions formed by light-transmitting glue. In order to improve the scattering effect of the first scattering dots 18 on light, a plurality of light-transmitting particles having a different refractive index from the light-transmitting glue are dispersed in the light-transmitting protrusions. Optionally, the light-transmitting particles may be glass particles.

[0071] In any of the above embodiments, the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 can be a whole-surface thin film solar cell. The first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12 both include a central region and a sealing region surrounding the central region, and the sealing regions of the two glass substrates are sealed and fixed by a packaging glue 16. The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can cover the central region of the first glass substrate 11 on the entire surface, and the organic thin film solar cell 14 can cover the central region of the second glass substrate 12 on the entire surface.

[0072] In one implementation of the present application, the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 can both transmit part of the visible light. In this way, the thin film solar cell can use a transparent electrode so that the thin film solar cell has a certain degree of transparency relative to the visible light.

[0073] For application scenarios with transparency requirements, photovoltaic glass needs to take into account both transparency and power generation capabilities. For example, when used as glass on windows, how to maintain the transparency of the window while achieving a high photoelectric conversion efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved. Conventional crystalline silicon photovoltaic glass is limited by crystalline silicon materials. Not only is the structure relatively heavy, but it also cannot meet the requirements of transparent use. This limits the use of photovoltaic glass in certain application scenarios that require flexible or lightweight structures. Although the stacking of crystalline silicon solar cells and perovskite thin-film solar cells can improve power generation efficiency, the opacity of silicon materials still cannot meet the demand for transparent windows.

[0074] In the embodiment of the present application, the photovoltaic glass is prepared based on the relatively arranged perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14. The two thin film solar cells can not only make the photovoltaic glass have a certain degree of transparency, so that the photovoltaic glass can be used in application scenarios with transparency, but also based on the advantages of thin film solar cells being thin and light, the photovoltaic glass has a thinner thickness and lighter weight, which is convenient for the installation and maintenance of the photovoltaic glass, and reduces the temperature cost and difficulty. The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 have different light wave ranges absorbed for photoelectric conversion, which can increase the wavelength range absorbed by the photovoltaic glass.

[0075] Based on the thin-film solar cells' lightness and flexibility, the two types of thin-film solar cells are not limited to being set on the surface of a two-dimensional flat glass substrate to form two-dimensional photovoltaic glass, but can also be set on the surface of a three-dimensional glass substrate to form three-dimensional photovoltaic glass, so that the photovoltaic glass has a richer and more diverse appearance, which can ensure its overall harmony with the building.

[0076] Although both the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 can have a certain degree of transparency, they are limited by their photovoltaic power generation needs. The perovskite active layer used for photoelectric conversion between the two transparent electrodes in the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic active layer used for photoelectric conversion between the two transparent electrodes in the organic thin film solar cell 14 need to have a certain thickness, which leads to low transparency of the two thin film solar cells. In addition, the transparent electrode also has a certain absorption of light. Therefore, the transparency of general thin film solar cells is 30%~40%. The transparency of the two thin film solar cells will be further reduced after being stacked. In order to make the photovoltaic glass have better transparency, the structure of the photovoltaic glass can be as follows: Figure 6-Figure 8 shown.

[0077] refer to Figure 6-Figure 8 , Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 7 for Figure 6 A top view of a surface of a first glass substrate in the photovoltaic glass having a perovskite thin film solar cell disposed thereon, Figure 8 for Figure 6 A top view of a surface of a second glass substrate in the photovoltaic glass on which an organic thin-film solar cell is disposed.

[0078] Based on any of the above implementations, Figure 6-Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 includes a plurality of first strip-shaped thin film solar cells 131 arranged in parallel, and a preset distance is provided between the first strip-shaped thin film solar cells 131. The organic thin film solar cell 14 includes a plurality of second strip-shaped thin film solar cells 141 arranged in parallel, and a preset distance is provided between the second strip-shaped thin film solar cells 141. The first strip-shaped thin film solar cell 131 and the second strip-shaped thin film solar cell 141 are arranged opposite to each other, so that the preset distance between the two thin film solar cells is arranged opposite to each other, so that the photovoltaic glass can form a shutter structure.

[0079] The photovoltaic glass has a lower transparency in the area facing the first strip thin-film solar cell 131 and the second strip thin-film solar cell 141 (the first area), and has a lower transmittance to visible light or even no visible light; the photovoltaic glass has a higher transparency in the area facing the preset distance between the two thin-film solar cells (the second area), and has a higher transmittance to visible light without being blocked by the thin-film solar cells. Figure 6-Figure 8 The method shown can be used as a blind.

[0080] exist Figure 6-Figure 8In the illustrated method, since higher transparency can be achieved through the second region to transmit visible light, the transparency of the first region can be lower. Based on the fact that the active layers in the two thin-film solar cells can reduce the transparency to visible light, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the thin-film solar cell can be improved.

[0081] Optional, in Figure 6-Figure 8 In the illustrated embodiment, the first scattering dots 18 provided on the surface of the perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can be used to improve the scattering of light, so that the light can be irradiated onto the surface of the organic thin film solar cell 14 more evenly.

[0082] refer to Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.10 for Fig. 9 The top view of the surface of one side of the photovoltaic glass on which the first glass substrate is provided with a perovskite thin film solar cell is shown. Based on the above implementation, Fig. 9 and Fig.10 In the photovoltaic glass shown, a plurality of second scattering dots 19 are arranged on the surface of the first glass substrate facing the organic thin-film solar cells 14 . The second scattering dots 19 are located in the region between the second strip-shaped thin-film solar cells 141 .

[0083] The second scattering dots 19 have high transparency, not only will not affect the transparency of the second area, but the second scattering dots 19 can also scatter the sunlight incident from the second area to the second area to illuminate the second strip-shaped thin-film solar cells 141, thereby improving the utilization rate of the photovoltaic glass for the sunlight in the second area.

[0084] The second scattering dots 19 may be light-transmitting protrusions formed by light-transmitting glue. In order to improve the scattering effect of the second scattering dots 19 on light, a plurality of light-transmitting particles having a different refractive index from the light-transmitting glue are dispersed in the light-transmitting protrusions. Optionally, the light-transmitting particles may be glass particles.

[0085] In any implementation of the embodiments of the present application, a surface of one side of the first glass substrate 11 is provided with an anti-reflection layer to increase the incidence of outdoor sunlight incident on the photovoltaic glass and improve the utilization rate of sunlight. The anti-reflection film is not shown in the drawings of the embodiments of the present application.

[0086] Optionally, the anti-reflection layer may be disposed on a surface of the first glass substrate 11 facing away from the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 , or may be disposed between the first glass substrate 11 and the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 .

[0087] refer to Fig.11 , Fig.11A schematic diagram of the structure of another photovoltaic glass provided in an embodiment of the present application, based on any of the above implementations, Fig.11 The photovoltaic glass shown also includes a frame 20 used as a window frame, and the frame 20 is used to fix and seal the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12. In this way, the frame 20 that seals and fixes the two glass substrates can be used as a window frame, and the photovoltaic glass can be fixedly installed on the window of the building through the window frame.

[0088] It can be seen from the above description that the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application has at least the following advantages:

[0089] a. There are relative perovskite thin film solar cells 13 and organic thin film solar cells 14 between the first glass substrate 11 and the second glass substrate 12. The perovskite thin film solar cells 13 and the organic thin film solar cells 14 have different absorption wavelength ranges, which improves the utilization range of the light spectrum, can improve the utilization rate of light by photovoltaic glass, and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0090] b. The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 has a high absorption rate in the ultraviolet band, which can improve the absorption rate of the photovoltaic glass to the incident outdoor sunlight, especially to the ultraviolet light.

[0091] c. The organic thin film solar cell 14 has a strong absorption rate in the visible light to near infrared light band, which can make the photovoltaic glass more effectively utilize the other parts of the incident light with lower absorption rate of the perovskite thin film solar cell 13, thereby improving the overall power generation efficiency.

[0092] d. The different absorption wavelength range characteristics of the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 and the organic thin-film solar cell 14 can be utilized to achieve complementary absorption of light, improve the utilization efficiency of incident light, and thus improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic glass.

[0093] e. The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 can be reused as an ultraviolet filter element of the organic thin film solar cell 14 to reduce the radiation damage of the outdoor incident sunlight to the organic active layer in the organic thin film solar cell 14 and increase the service life of the organic thin film solar cell 14.

[0094] f. Sound insulation design can be performed based on the reserved spacing D between the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13 and the organic thin-film solar cell 14. Sound insulation materials or low-density inert gas can be filled based on the spacing D to improve the sound insulation performance of the photovoltaic glass. Desiccant or inert gas can also be filled based on the spacing D to ensure that the internal space of the photovoltaic glass has a stable operating environment and improves weather resistance, thereby increasing the service life of the thin-film solar cell.

[0095] g. Based on the transparency of the organic thin-film solar cell 14 toward the indoor side, the organic thin-film solar cell 14 can utilize the light incident on the indoor photovoltaic glass. The organic thin-film solar cell 14 can not only utilize the remaining outdoor sunlight after being absorbed by the perovskite thin-film solar cell 13, but also utilize the light incident on the indoor side, thereby further improving the utilization rate of light and the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and increasing the practicality of the photovoltaic glass.

[0096] h. The perovskite thin film solar cell 13 and the organic thin film solar cell 14 are both thin and light thin film solar cells with good flexibility, which can be directly attached to the corresponding glass substrate, with little effect on the thickness and weight of the glass substrate, so that the photovoltaic glass has a thinner thickness and smaller weight.

[0097] i. Based on the good flexibility of thin-film solar cells, they can be bonded and fixed to three-dimensional glass substrates to prepare three-dimensional photovoltaic glass. They can be used on the surfaces of buildings with various surface structures, making photovoltaic glass and architectural aesthetics harmonious and unified, making it easier to realize various exterior designs of buildings and improving the aesthetics of buildings.

[0098] j. Photovoltaic films based on thin-film solar cells have a thinner thickness and lighter weight. The complexity and cost of installation and maintenance of photovoltaic glass can also be reduced by optimizing structural design and material selection, making photovoltaic glass easier to manage and maintain.

[0099] k. Photovoltaic glass adopts a multi-layer stacking and sealing design, which can better adapt to changes in the external environment and reduce the impact of climate factors such as temperature and humidity on battery performance.

[0100] Buildings based on the photovoltaic glass provided in the embodiments of the present application can enable local surfaces of the building to generate electricity by utilizing sunlight to provide clean photovoltaic power to the power supply system inside the building, thereby reducing dependence on traditional non-renewable energy, helping to reduce carbon emissions and environmental pollution. It can also improve the self-sufficiency of the electricity required by the building and reduce dependence on the external power grid.

[0101] In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive, parallel, or progressive and parallel manner. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method part.

[0102] It should be noted that in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a centrally arranged component at the same time.

[0103] It should also be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises", "comprising" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprising a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or device including the above elements.

[0104] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic glass, characterized in that: include: A first glass substrate and a second glass substrate are relatively fixed, wherein the first glass substrate is used to be arranged toward the outdoors, and the second glass substrate is used to be arranged toward the indoors; A perovskite thin-film solar cell, wherein the perovskite thin-film solar cell is arranged on a surface of the first glass substrate facing the second glass substrate; An organic thin film solar cell is provided on a surface of the second glass substrate facing the first glass substrate.

2. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surfaces of the organic thin-film solar cell facing the perovskite thin-film solar cell and the second glass substrate are respectively provided with semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers, and the two layers of the semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers are constructed into an optical micro-vibration cavity for causing light to be reflected multiple times between the two layers of the semi-reflective and semi-transparent layers.

3. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: There is a distance between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell; The distance is at least used for thermal isolation between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell.

4. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the distance, a sound insulation material is filled between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell.

5. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 3, characterized in that: Based on the distance, there is a gas gap between the perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell; Wherein, a desiccant is further arranged in the gas gap; and / or, the gas gap is filled with an inert gas.

6. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spacing ranges from 10 nm to 100 nm.

7. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: A surface of the perovskite thin film solar cell facing the organic thin film solar cell has a plurality of first scattering dots.

8. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anti-reflection layer is disposed on one side surface of the first glass substrate.

9. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The frame is used as a window frame, and the frame is used to fix and seal the first glass substrate and the second glass substrate around.

10. The photovoltaic glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The perovskite thin film solar cell and the organic thin film solar cell can both transmit part of the visible light.

Images