Process for treating river water by combining river bank filtration and gravity flow ultrafiltration

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water filtration, in particular to a river bank filtration and gravity flow ultrafiltration combined river water treatment process which comprises land, a water taking well and a water cleaning mechanism, and the water taking well and the water cleaning mechanism are both arranged in the land; the water taking well comprises a well wall pipe, a filter pipe and a precipitation pipe, the well wall pipe, the filter pipe and the precipitation pipe are all located in the water taking well, the device is built beside a river valley, river water can permeate into the water taking well through underground natural filtration, suspended matter can be conveniently removed through river bank natural filtration, and organic matter is degraded through biological action; the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly, the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe and the like can be matched conveniently, water in the water taking well is filtered, organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, microorganisms and the like are effectively removed, the water quality is guaranteed, filtered clear water can enter the clear water tank conveniently, people can use the clear water through a water pump and a water pumping pipe conveniently, and the environment is protected. In the running process, waterpower backwashing and chemical agent cleaning are not used for river bank filtration and gravity flow ultrafiltration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water filtration, and in particular to a process for treating river water by combining river bank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration. Background Art

[0002] Riverbank filtration is a water purification technology based on nature. The riverbank infiltration area purifies river water and self-purifies through adsorption and biological action. It has the advantages of low cost, no use of chemical agents, constant effluent water quality and water temperature, and good control performance on pathogenic microorganisms, heavy metals and organic pollutants. However, the treatment capacity is limited and is greatly affected by environmental factors such as climate change and floods. With the intensification of chemical pollution, cities may cause high-concentration ammonia, organic compounds and microbial pollution in rivers. Riverbank filtration needs to be coupled with other water purification technologies to ensure the reliability of effluent water.

[0003] Ultrafiltration can effectively remove suspended matter, colloids and pathogenic microorganisms in water. It has the advantages of small footprint, high retention rate, stable effluent quality, and easy automated management and operation. It has been widely used in water treatment. At present, the ultrafiltration process usually operates at a working pressure of 50-200kPa. The high-pressure environment significantly increases the cost of ultrafiltration water purification and aggravates the problem of membrane fouling. In order to control membrane fouling and maintain water production, frequent physical and chemical cleaning is required, and a large number of auxiliary equipment are required, which not only increases the cost, but also increases the workload of operation and maintenance. Current ultrafiltration devices usually rely on chemical cleaning to control microbial contamination, which not only consumes a large amount of chemical agents, but also discharges a large amount of chemical wastewater. In addition, the ultrafiltration process has poor removal effect on soluble substances such as organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in water. The removal rate of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in water is usually less than 15%, and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is less than 10%. Summary of the invention

[0004] 1. Technical issues to be solved

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a process for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration, so as to solve the problem that the prior art proposed in the background technology requires frequent physical and chemical cleaning and is equipped with a large number of auxiliary equipment, which not only increases the cost, but also increases the workload of operation and maintenance. Current ultrafiltration devices usually rely on chemical cleaning to control microbial contamination, which not only consumes a large amount of chemical agents, but also discharges a large amount of chemical wastewater. In addition, the ultrafiltration process has a poor effect on removing soluble substances such as organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in water.

[0006] (II) Technical solution

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration, comprising:

[0008] Land, a water well and a water purification mechanism, wherein the water well and the water purification mechanism are both arranged in the land;

[0009] The water intake well comprises a well wall pipe, a filter pipe and a sedimentation pipe, wherein the well wall pipe, the filter pipe and the sedimentation pipe are all located in the water intake well, the sedimentation pipe is located at the bottom of the water intake well, the filter pipe is located above the sedimentation pipe, the well wall pipe is located above the filter pipe, a gravel filling layer is arranged on the outside of the filter pipe, and a clay sealing layer is arranged on the outside of the well wall pipe;

[0010] The clean water mechanism comprises a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly, a clean water tank and a water pump, wherein the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly is placed in a water intake well, the clean water tank is arranged in the land, the water pump is located on the land, the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly is connected with a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe, the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe is connected with a water supply pipe, the water supply pipe penetrates into the clean water tank and is installed with an electronic valve, the clean water tank is connected with an observation pipe, the observation pipe penetrates out of the land, the water inlet pipe of the water pump is connected with a water pumping pipe, one end of the water pumping pipe penetrates into the observation pipe and extends into the clean water tank, and is used for filtering and purifying river water;

[0011] An aeration mechanism comprises an air pump, wherein the air pump is located on the land, an air outlet of the air pump is connected to an air supply pipe, an air valve and a gas flow meter are installed on the air supply pipe, one end of the air supply pipe penetrates into the land and extends into a water well, and the air supply pipe is connected to a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly for aeration.

[0012] Preferably, a concrete layer is laid on the land, and the air pump and the water pump are both installed on the concrete layer.

[0013] Furthermore, a base is installed on the concrete layer, and a solar power supply system is fixedly connected to the base.

[0014] Furthermore, a fixing groove is fixedly connected to the well wall pipe, a fixing block is rotatably connected in the fixing groove, a well cover is fixedly connected to the fixing block, and the well cover is detachably connected to the well wall pipe by a buckle lock.

[0015] Furthermore, a tube cover is rotatably connected to the observation tube, and the tube cover is detachably connected to the observation tube via a second buckle lock.

[0016] On the basis of the above-mentioned solution, the manhole cover and the pipe cover are both provided with observation windows, and the manhole cover and the pipe cover are both fixedly connected with handles.

[0017] Preferably, based on the above scheme, both the well wall tube and the observation tube are provided with openings, and a filter is fixedly connected in the opening.

[0018] A process for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. Build a water well and a clear water pool beside the river valley, place the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane module in the water well, and let the water pipe on the ultrafiltration membrane water collection pipe lead into the clear water pool. The river water directly infiltrates into the water well through the river bank filtration. The gravity flow ultrafiltration is filtered through the water level difference between the water surface of the water well and the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane module.

[0020] S2, adopt low-pressure non-cleaning immersion type (external pressure type) filtration, the working water head is 4 ~ 20kpa;

[0021] S3. Use aeration measures to promote the biological action of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane cake layer, and the aeration intensity is 0.5-5L / h·m2.

[0022] (III) Beneficial effects

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a process for treating river water by combining river bank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. The process of treating river water by combining river bank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration, by building this device beside the river valley, is convenient for river water to penetrate into the water well through underground natural filtration. Natural filtration on the river bank is convenient for removing suspended matter and degrading organic matter through biological action, and is convenient for gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane components, gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collection pipes, etc. to cooperate to filter the water in the water well, effectively remove organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, microorganisms, etc., to ensure water quality, facilitate the filtered clean water to enter the clean water tank, and facilitate people to use the clean water through water pumps and pumping pipes. During operation, neither river bank filtration nor gravity flow ultrafiltration uses hydraulic backwashing and chemical cleaning. This method significantly reduces the demand for auxiliary equipment, pipelines and accessories, while saving a large amount of chemicals and clean water, and greatly reduces sewage discharge.

[0025] 2. The process of combining river bank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration to treat river water promotes the degradation and removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by organisms in the filter cake layer of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane through the cooperation of air pumps, air supply pipes, etc., and can effectively avoid the formation of a filter cake layer on the membrane surface that causes clogging of the membrane tube, and avoid the growth and metabolism of organisms in the filter cake layer of the ultrafiltration membrane due to the anoxic state of water filtered through the river bank in the well. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of this application;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a partially cutaway three-dimensional structure of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the well wall pipe, observation window, etc. of this application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the observation tube, filter screen, etc. of this application;

[0030] Figure 5 For this application Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle;

[0031] Figure 6 For this application Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 7 For this application Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0033] Figure 8 For this application Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point D in the middle.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Land; 2. Well wall pipe; 3. Filter pipe; 4. Sedimentation pipe; 5. Gravel filling layer; 6. Clay sealing layer; 7. Gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly; 8. Clean water tank; 9. Water pump; 10. Gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe; 11. Water supply pipe; 12. Electronic valve; 13. Observation tube; 14. Pumping pipe; 15. Air pump; 16. Air supply pipe; 17. Air valve; 18. Gas flow meter; 19. Concrete layer; 20. Solar power supply system; 21. Well cover; 22. Pipe cover; 23. Observation window; 24. Filter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Example

[0037] See also Figure 1-Figure 8 , a device for treating river water by combining river bank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration, comprising:

[0038] Land 1, a water well and a water purification mechanism, the water well and the water purification mechanism are both set up in Land 1;

[0039] The water intake well comprises a well wall pipe 2, a filter pipe 3 and a sedimentation pipe 4, which are all located in the water intake well. The sedimentation pipe 4 is located at the bottom of the water intake well, the filter pipe 3 is located on the upper part of the sedimentation pipe 4, the well wall pipe 2 is located on the upper part of the filter pipe 3, a gravel filling layer 5 is arranged on the outer side of the filter pipe 3, and a clay sealing layer 6 is arranged on the outer side of the well wall pipe 2. Natural bank filtration is adopted, and it is only necessary to build a water intake well beside the river valley, and the river water supplements the groundwater into the water intake well through infiltration;

[0040] The clean water mechanism includes a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7, a clean water tank 8 and a water pump 9. The gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7 is placed in a water intake well, the clean water tank 8 is arranged in the land 1, and the water pump 9 is located on the land 1. The gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7 is connected with a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe 10, and the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe 10 is connected with a water supply pipe 11, which penetrates into the clean water tank 8 and is installed with an electronic valve 12. The clean water tank 8 is connected with an observation pipe 13, and the observation pipe 13 penetrates out of the land 1. The water inlet pipe of the water pump 9 is connected with a pumping pipe 14, and one end of the pumping pipe 14 penetrates into the observation pipe 13 and extends into the clean water tank 8. The gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7, the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe 10, the clean water tank 8, etc. are used for low-pressure non-cleaning immersion ( External pressure type) filters and purifies river water, and water pump 9 is used to facilitate people to extract clean water. It should be noted that the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane component 7 is a hollow fiber membrane made of PES or PVDF, with a pore size of 20-150kDa. The implementation effect is: the turbidity of the effluent is basically maintained at about 0.01-0.03NTU, which is much lower than 0.1NTU, and the turbidity removal rate reaches more than 99%; the AOC removal rate reaches 87%-92%; the total number of effluent bacteria is less than 10CFU / L, and the microbial removal rate is 99.9%, which is much higher than the conventional process, significantly improving the biological safety of the process effluent, and removing 60%-70% of ammonia nitrogen. After one month of operation, 50%-80% of iron ions are removed, and 30%-45% of manganese ions are removed;

[0041] The aeration mechanism includes an air pump 15, which is located on the land 1. The air outlet of the air pump 15 is connected to an air supply pipe 16, on which an air valve 17 and a gas flow meter 18 are installed. One end of the air supply pipe 16 penetrates into the land 1 and extends into the water intake well. The air supply pipe 16 is connected to the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7. The air valve 17, the air pump 15, etc. are used for aeration to promote the biological action of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane cake layer.

[0042] A concrete layer 19 is laid on the land 1, and the air pump 15 and the water pump 9 are installed on the concrete layer 19 to fix the land 1 to avoid soil loss, etc., and to facilitate the installation of the air pump 15 and the water pump 9.

[0043] A base is installed on the concrete layer 19, and a solar power supply system 20 is fixedly connected to the base for providing electricity to the air pump 15, the water pump 9, etc., thereby saving energy.

[0044] A fixing groove is fixedly connected to the well wall pipe 2, a fixing block is rotatably connected in the fixing groove, a well cover 21 is fixedly connected to the fixing block, and the well cover 21 is detachably connected to the well wall pipe 2 through a buckle lock to play a shielding role.

[0045] A tube cover 22 is rotatably connected to the observation tube 13. The tube cover 22 is detachably connected to the observation tube 13 via a second buckle lock to play a shielding role.

[0046] The manhole cover 21 and the pipe cover 22 are both provided with observation windows 23, and the manhole cover 21 and the pipe cover 22 are both fixedly connected with handles, which are used to facilitate people to observe the water well and the clean water tank 8, thereby improving safety.

[0047] Both the well wall pipe 2 and the observation tube 13 are provided with openings, and a filter screen 24 is fixedly connected in the opening for ventilation and shielding dust, debris, etc.

[0048] A process for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1. Build a water well and a clear water pool beside the river valley, place the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7 in the water well, and let the water pipe 11 on the ultrafiltration membrane water collection pipe lead into the clear water pool. The river water directly infiltrates into the water well through the river bank filtration, and the gravity flow ultrafiltration is filtered through the water level difference between the water surface of the water well and the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7;

[0050] S2, adopt low-pressure non-cleaning immersion type (external pressure type) filtration, the working water head is 4 ~ 20kpa;

[0051] S3. Use aeration measures to promote the biological action of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane cake layer, and the aeration intensity is 0.5-5L / h(m2).

[0052] It should be further explained that the air valve 17, electronic valve 12, water pump 9, air pump 15, solar power supply system 20 and gas flow meter 18 in this embodiment are conventional equipment purchased on the market and known to technicians in this field. The model can be selected or customized according to actual needs. In this patent, we only use them and have not improved their structure and function. For technicians in this field, their setting method, installation method and electrical connection method only need to be debugged and operated according to the requirements of their instruction manual. They will not be repeated here. The air valve 17, electronic valve 12, water pump 9, air pump 15, solar power supply system 20 and gas flow meter 18 are provided with matching control switches. The installation position of the control switch is selected according to actual use requirements to facilitate the operator to operate and control.

[0053] In summary, the working principle and working process of the process of combining river bank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration to treat river water are as follows: when in use, first place the process of combining river bank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration to treat river water at the location where it is needed, and build a water intake well, clean water tank 8, etc. beside the river valley. When the river water penetrates into the water intake well through natural filtration underground or on the river bank, because the water level is higher than the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7, the water will enter the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7, and then the water will enter the clean water tank 8 through the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collection pipe 10 and the water delivery pipe 11. In this way, low-pressure filtration can be completed, and organic matter, ammonia nitrogen, microorganisms, etc. can be effectively removed. Then people can use the water pump 9 and the pumping pipe 14 to extract the water in the clean water tank 8. When aeration is needed, start the air pump 15, and the air pump 15 will cooperate with the gas flow meter 18, air valve 17, etc. to aerate the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7, which can promote the degradation and removal of organic matter and ammonia nitrogen by the organisms in the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane cake layer, avoid blockage, and improve the effect of subsequent filtration and purification. It should be further explained that the top of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7 is at least 20 cm away from the lowest water level in the water intake well, and the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly 7 is at least 5 cm away from the side wall of the water intake well. The gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe 10 is located below the water level, and the water outlet of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe 10 is 10 cm away from the inner bottom wall of the clean water tank, thereby ensuring the water outlet of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe 10.

[0054] The above embodiments only express the specific implementation of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this field, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration, It is characterized in that include: Land (1), a water intake well and a water purification mechanism, wherein the water intake well and the water purification mechanism are both arranged in the land (1); The water intake well comprises a well wall pipe (2), a filter pipe (3) and a sedimentation pipe (4); the well wall pipe (2), the filter pipe (3) and the sedimentation pipe (4) are all located in the water intake well; the sedimentation pipe (4) is located at the bottom of the water intake well; the filter pipe (3) is located above the sedimentation pipe (4); the well wall pipe (2) is located above the filter pipe (3); a gravel filling layer (5) is arranged on the outside of the filter pipe (3); and a clay sealing layer (6) is arranged on the outside of the well wall pipe (2); The water purification mechanism comprises a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly (7), a clean water tank (8) and a water pump (9); the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly (7) is placed in a water intake well; the clean water tank (8) is arranged in the land (1); the water pump (9) is located on the land (1); the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly (7) is connected to a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe (10); the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane water collecting pipe (10) is connected to a water supply pipe (11); the water supply pipe (11) penetrates into the clean water tank (8) and is installed with an electronic valve (12); the clean water tank (8) is connected to an observation pipe (13); the observation pipe (13) penetrates out of the land (1); the water inlet end of the water pump (9) is connected to a water extraction pipe (14); one end of the water extraction pipe (14) penetrates into the observation pipe (13) and extends into the clean water tank (8); An aeration mechanism, the aeration mechanism comprising an air pump (15), the air pump (15) being located on the land (1), the air outlet end of the air pump (15) being connected to an air supply pipe (16), the air supply pipe (16) being provided with an air valve (17) and a gas flow meter (18), one end of the air supply pipe (16) penetrating into the land (1) and extending into a water intake well, the air supply pipe (16) being connected to a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly (7).

2. A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration according to claim 1, Features: A concrete layer (19) is laid on the land (1), and the air pump (15) and the water pump (9) are both installed on the concrete layer (19).

3. A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration according to claim 2, Features: A base is installed on the concrete layer (19), and a solar power supply system (20) is fixedly connected to the base.

4. A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration according to claim 3, Features: A fixing groove is fixedly connected to the well wall pipe (2), a fixing block is rotatably connected in the fixing groove, a well cover (21) is fixedly connected to the fixing block, and the well cover (21) is detachably connected to the well wall pipe (2) via a buckle lock.

5. A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration according to claim 4, Features: The observation tube (13) is rotatably connected to a tube cover (22), and the tube cover (22) is detachably connected to the observation tube (13) via a second buckle lock.

6. A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration according to claim 5, Features: The manhole cover (21) and the pipe cover (22) are both provided with an observation window (23), and the manhole cover (21) and the pipe cover (22) are both fixedly connected with a handle.

7. A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration according to claim 6, Features: The well wall tube (2) and the observation tube (13) are both provided with openings, and a filter screen (24) is fixedly connected in the opening.

8. A process for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration with gravity flow ultrafiltration. It is characterized in that A device for treating river water by combining riverbank filtration and gravity flow ultrafiltration according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used, comprising the following steps: S1. A water well and a clear water pool are built beside the river valley, and a gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly (7) is placed in the water well. The water supply pipe (11) on the ultrafiltration membrane water collection pipe is connected to the clear water pool. The river water directly infiltrates into the water well through the river bank filtration. The gravity flow ultrafiltration is filtered through the water level difference between the water surface of the water well and the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane assembly (7); S2, adopt low-pressure non-cleaning immersion type (external pressure type) filtration, the working water head is 4 ~ 20kpa; S3. Use aeration measures to promote the biological action of the gravity flow ultrafiltration membrane cake layer, and the aeration intensity is 0.5-5 L / h(m2).

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