Dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method and curtain wall structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of curtain wall construction, in particular to a dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method and a curtain wall structure. Automatic measuring and paying-off are carried out through machine vision; mounting an anchoring iron plate; mounting the metal framework and the hanging piece; stone veneer installation based on deep learning and image processing technology assistance is carried out; fireproof and thermal insulation material installation; pasting an antifouling strip and caulking; on the premise that the quality safety performance is ensured, a large amount of metal framework materials are saved, the material cost is reduced, machining is easy, installation is convenient, the labor requirement is greatly reduced, the technical requirement for constructors is low, and the construction period is shortened. The stone is fixed to the metal framework through the positioning pins, the stone is supported, meanwhile, the stone is fixed to the hanging pieces through the buckles, and therefore the hanging pieces corresponding to the stone are selected according to different self weights of the stone, and safety is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of curtain wall construction, in particular to a dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method and a curtain wall structure. Background Art

[0002] Dry-hanging stone curtain wall is a type of curtain wall that uses metal hangers to fix stone on the exterior wall surface of a building. Unlike the traditional wet-paste method, dry-hanging technology uses mechanical fasteners to hang stone slabs on the structural skeleton to form a certain gap between the stone and the main body of the building. Dry-hanging stone refers to stone installed through dry-hanging technology, generally natural stone (such as granite, marble, etc.) or artificial synthetic stone. These stones are cut, polished, drilled and other processing procedures to form standard slabs, which are suitable for dry-hanging construction technology. The application scenarios of this curtain wall include but are not limited to the exterior walls of high-rise buildings, commercial buildings, public buildings, and residential buildings. Advantages of dry-hanging stone curtain wall

[0003] However, in general, traditional curtain wall construction is complicated. The traditional horizontal metal frame combined with the wet-pasted stone process requires a large amount of mortar, concrete and other materials. The construction process is complicated. The stone pasted with mortar is prone to fall off when subjected to external forces, posing a safety hazard. If the stone is damaged, a large area of ​​demolition and reinstallation is required, which is difficult and costly to maintain. Traditional construction requires a long maintenance time and a long overall construction period. At the same time, it is easy to crack or fall off under the influence of earthquakes, and its seismic performance is poor.

[0004] In summary, it is necessary to propose a dry-hanging stone curtain wall construction method and a curtain wall structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a dry-hanging stone curtain wall construction method and a curtain wall structure to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. Construction preparation;

[0009] S2. Automatic measurement and layout through machine vision;

[0010] S3. Install the anchor iron plate;

[0011] S4. Install metal frames and pendants;

[0012] S5. Perform stone veneer installation assisted by deep learning and image processing technology;

[0013] S6. Installation of fireproof and thermal insulation materials;

[0014] S7. Paste anti-fouling strips and caulking;

[0015] S8. Apply topcoat.

[0016] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S1 are:

[0017] S1.1. Select stone: Select appropriate stone according to construction specifications and requirements, select and classify the color of the stone by colorimetry, ensure that the color of the stone installed on the same surface is consistent, make grooves at the corresponding positions on the upper and lower sides of the stone, and clean the stone in time after grooving to ensure that there is no debris on the surface;

[0018] S1.2. Select metal frame: According to the design drawings and the maximum single block area and weight of the selected stone, select the appropriate specifications and models of metal frame and pendants, determine the frame length according to the drawings and cut the material, drill the installation and fixing holes of the reference size according to the actual situation on site, and the spacing of the installation holes of other metal pendants should be the sum of the wall brick height and the brick seam width. After drilling, carry out metal anti-corrosion treatment, including brushing anti-rust paint;

[0019] S1.3. Processing of anchoring iron plates: Anchoring iron plates are used to connect metal frames and structural walls. Symmetrical welding is used to reduce welding deformation. The quality of the weld is checked. After ensuring that the weld is qualified, the welding slag is removed and anti-rust treatment is performed, including applying anti-rust paint;

[0020] S1.4. Select pendants and stone clips: pendants are the main force-bearing parts that support stones. It is necessary to select appropriate pendants and stone clips according to the weight of a single stone to ensure safety and reliability. All pendants and stone clips should be made of stainless steel to extend their service life;

[0021] S1.5. Select the self-locking pin: According to the size of the hole for the pendant, select the appropriate size of the self-locking pin. The size of the self-locking pin in the 5 cm pendant is

[0022] S1.6. Prepare other materials: Before formal construction, prepare sufficient auxiliary materials, including thermal insulation cotton, foam glue, anti-corrosion materials, anti-fouling strips, caulking strips, structural glue and weather-resistant glue to ensure smooth construction;

[0023] S1.7. Prepare construction machinery and tools: prepare electric welders, electric hammers, electric drills, theodolites, levels, suction cups, hoists and transport vehicles required for stone curtain wall construction to ensure a smooth and efficient construction process.

[0024] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S2 are:

[0025] S2.1. Automated baseline measurement and correction: Use a measuring robot or drone equipped with a machine vision system to capture images of the baseline axis and leveling points through a high-precision camera, process the images through a machine vision algorithm, automatically identify and extract key points, perform precise measurements, and perform correction and review to ensure the accuracy of the baseline;

[0026] S2.2. Intelligent horizontal positioning line determination: On the ground floor, the laser projector is guided by machine vision to accurately project the curtain wall horizontal positioning line onto the ground according to the design requirements, and the position of the lower edge of the curtain wall stone is clearly determined;

[0027] S2.3. High-precision measurement of positive and negative corners: Use a theodolite or laser vertical instrument equipped with a high-definition camera, combined with machine vision technology, to automatically track the positive and negative corners of the curtain wall, accurately measure and project them to the target position. The machine vision system monitors and adjusts the position of the steel wire in real time to ensure its accuracy as a marking control line;

[0028] S2.4. Automatic elevation line drawing and marking: Through the machine vision-assisted level and standard steel tape measure tools, combined with image processing technology, the elevation points of each floor are automatically identified and recorded. The system automatically calculates and projects the elevation lines of each floor, and generates electronic marks at the same time, which is convenient for subsequent construction reference;

[0029] S2.5. Intelligent planning of vertical positioning lines: Use machine vision to perform 3D scanning or photography of the specifications of curtain wall stone and metal frame, and automatically measure the stone size through image recognition technology. Based on these data and design requirements, the vertical positioning line of each column of metal frame is intelligently planned. The system automatically calculates and sets the distance from the center line of the first and second columns of keels to the wall to ensure accuracy;

[0030] S2.6. Machine vision positioning of the fixing holes of the anchor plate: According to the horizontal positioning line and vertical positioning line images generated by the machine vision system, the fixing holes of the anchor plate are automatically determined on the structural wall. The system generates clear electronic marks and ensures the visibility and accuracy of the fixing hole marks by projection or printing labels on site;

[0031] S2.7. Error control and measurement environment optimization: The machine vision system has a built-in error control algorithm to monitor the errors in the measurement process in real time and automatically adjust the measurement parameters to avoid error accumulation. The system automatically evaluates the measurement conditions based on environmental data (including wind force and light) and reminds the operator to take wind avoidance measures when necessary to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0032] S2.8. Unified baseline and high-precision layout: All facade decoration projects are laid out uniformly through a machine vision system to ensure the consistency of the baselines of each construction part. Laser rangefinders and total stations are used as high-precision measurement tools, combined with machine vision technology, to further improve the accuracy of layout, making the positioning of curtain wall stone grid lines more reasonable and accurate, and fully in line with design requirements.

[0033] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S3 are:

[0034] S3.1. Check the layout position according to the construction layout drawing, confirm whether the curtain wall positioning line and grid line meet the design requirements, and ensure that the fixing hole position of the anchor plate meets the construction requirements;

[0035] S3.2. Drill holes according to the marks on the anchor iron plate fixing holes on the structural wall and prepare an impact drill or electric hammer;

[0036] S3.2.1. Choose the appropriate drill bit size:

[0037] M8 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ12mm;

[0038] M10 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ13mm;

[0039] M12 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ15mm;

[0040] M16 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ20mm;

[0041] In this step, use a φ15mm drill bit;

[0042] S3.2.2. Drilling positioning: First, use a sharp chisel to chisel a point on the pre-marked point, and then use a drill to drill a hole. The hole depth should be 60-80mm;

[0043] S3.2.3. Avoid steel bars: If you encounter steel bars in the structure, you can move the hole horizontally or raise it upward to ensure that the hole is perpendicular to the wall surface;

[0044] S3.2.4. Hole cleaning: After drilling, use a small hook spoon to clean the dust inside the hole;

[0045] S3.3. Install the anchor plate: Place the expansion bolts in the cleaned holes, and install the anchor plate according to the following steps: insert the expansion bolts into the drilled holes, place the anchor plate on the expansion bolts, and tighten the expansion bolts with a torque wrench to ensure that the anchor plate is firmly fixed. It is recommended to install all the anchor plates required for this layer in place;

[0046] S3.4. Fine-tune the anchor plates: When tightening the anchor plates, use a spirit level to make fine adjustments to ensure that the position of the anchor plates is accurate. Use a spirit level to fine-tune the position of the anchor plates so that each row of anchor plates is on the corresponding horizontal line, ensuring that the elevation of the bottom anchor plate corresponds to the designed bottom edge of the stone.

[0047] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S4 are:

[0048] S4.1. Install pendants: Since the metal frame and pendants are standard parts pre-processed in the factory, and each metal frame has multiple pendants, it is recommended to install stainless steel pendants on the ground first for easy installation. The specific steps include:

[0049] S4.1.1. Prepare tools: Prepare self-locking pins, bolts, and nut fasteners, using appropriate wrenches or power tools;

[0050] S4.1.2. Align the mounting holes: Align the mounting holes of the stainless steel pendant with the mounting holes on the metal frame;

[0051] S4.1.3. Insert the positioning pin: Insert the self-locking positioning pin to fix the stainless steel pendant on the metal frame;

[0052] S4.1.4. Pre-installation on the ground can improve installation efficiency and reduce the risk of working at height;

[0053] S4.2. After the metal frame of the pendant is pre-installed, the metal frame is fixed and adjusted. The specific steps include:

[0054] S4.2.1. Prepare tools: prepare bolts, nuts, washers, torque wrenches and other necessary tools;

[0055] S4.2.2. Align the installation holes: Align the fixing holes on the metal frame with the installation holes on the installed anchor iron plate;

[0056] S4.2.3. Fix the metal frame: Use bolts and nuts to fix the metal frame to the anchor plate. When tightening the bolts, use a torque wrench to ensure that the tightening force of the bolts meets the design requirements;

[0057] S4.2.4. Adjustment of position:

[0058] S4.2.4.1. Horizontal adjustment: Use a level to adjust the horizontal position of the metal frame according to the horizontal positioning line of the curtain wall;

[0059] S4.2.4.2. Vertical adjustment: Based on the vertical line, ensure that the outer surfaces of the keels are in the same vertical plane, using a plumb line and laser level for correction;

[0060] S4.3. After the installation of the metal frame and pendants is completed, the concealed project acceptance is carried out. The specific steps include:

[0061] S4.3.1. Written application: The project department shall apply in writing to the supervision company for acceptance of the completed concealed works;

[0062] S4.3.2. Acceptance inspection: The supervision company inspects the concealed works to ensure the installation quality and compliance with the design requirements;

[0063] S4.3.3. Record retention: After the supervision company has passed the inspection, the acceptance records of the concealed works and related photos and video materials shall be retained;

[0064] S4.3.4. Prepare for the next process: The next process can only be carried out after the concealed work has been accepted.

[0065] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S5 are:

[0066] S5.1. Stone classification and defect detection: Use convolutional neural network image recognition technology to automatically number and classify stone veneers to ensure fast matching during installation. Apply the Faster R-CNN algorithm to detect stone breakage, missing edges, and corner drop problems, automatically identify abnormal areas in the image, and mark them for manual review;

[0067] S5.2. Installation and correction of bottom stone: Use machine vision to assist installation, capture the stone installation process through a high-precision camera, provide real-time feedback on the installation status, and automatically analyze the horizontal and vertical degree of stone installation by combining edge detection and corner detection algorithms, and promptly remind operators to make adjustments;

[0068] S5.3. Stone fixing and quality inspection: Before injecting stone glue into the stone cut groove, grayscale matching is used to ensure the accuracy of the cut groove position. After installation, the contact surface between the stone and the metal keel is inspected by an anomaly detection model based on an autoencoder to ensure that the structural glue is evenly applied and fixed reliably.

[0069] S5.4. Treatment between stone and wall: Use machine vision system to monitor the spraying process of foam glue to ensure uniform filling. Combined with the regional growth algorithm in image processing, analyze the distribution of foam glue to find and deal with uneven areas in time;

[0070] S5.5. Window opening stone edging: accurately divide the window opening area and guide the edging of the stone slabs to ensure neat edges and accurate dimensions;

[0071] S5.6. Check the aesthetics and structural stability of the stone: Use SURF feature matching technology to check whether the stone pattern and texture are consistent, use edge detection and straight line fitting in image processing to evaluate the uniformity and consistency of seams and board seams, and use object posture estimation technology in deep learning to analyze whether the stone board pressure direction at the corners is correct;

[0072] S5.7. Floor elevation adjustment: When installing the floor elevation, use the MVS algorithm to build a three-dimensional model of the current floor stone installation, analyze the vertical error, and guide the adjustment;

[0073] S5.8. Safe handling and placement: Deploy a safety monitoring system in the handling area, and use the DeepSORT target tracking algorithm to monitor the location of stone slabs and workers to ensure safety. Use reinforcement learning or genetic algorithms to optimize the placement of stone slabs to reduce the number of handling times and the risk of damage. At the same time, use image processing technology to monitor the stability of the placement area in real time.

[0074] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S6 are:

[0075] S6.1. Material qualification requirements: The fireproof and thermal insulation materials used must be qualified products. Each material must have a factory certificate. All materials must be tested on site and qualified before use;

[0076] S6.2. Setting of firebreak: There should be no gap between each floor slab and the stone curtain wall. Galvanized steel plate and fireproof cotton should be used to form the firebreak to ensure the continuity and integrity of the fire protection function;

[0077] S6.3.Insulation layer installation in cold northern regions: The insulation layer should be provided with a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer to enhance the insulation effect and durability. The insulation layer should be filled and fixed in the metal frame, and should be tight and firm to prevent the cold bridge effect;

[0078] S6.4. Construction of curtain wall insulation layer: When constructing the curtain wall insulation layer, there should be a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer, and the insulation layer should be filled and fixed in the metal frame to ensure tightness and reliability to avoid gaps or looseness.

[0079] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S7 are:

[0080] S7.1. Selection of caulking glue: Select qualified and unexpired weather-resistant caulking glue according to design requirements. It is recommended to use stone-specific caulking glue with less silicone oil to prevent silicone oil from penetrating and contaminating the stone surface;

[0081] S7.2. Filling the foam plastic round strips: Use a scraper with a convex head to fill the foam plastic round strips to ensure the minimum depth and uniformity of the glue joint. The diameter of the foam plastic round strips should be larger than the width of the joint to ensure full filling;

[0082] S7.3. Stick anti-fouling strips: After the stone is installed and adjusted, stick anti-fouling strips along the edge of the stone panel to prevent the caulking glue from contaminating the stone surface. The anti-fouling strips should be made of paper tape type self-adhesive tape of about 4 cm, and the edges should be stuck evenly and tightly;

[0083] S7.4. Embed elastic backing strips: Embed elastic backing strips in the gaps between stones. The backing strips are made of 8mm thick high-continuous foam sheets cut into 10mm wide strips. After the backing strips are embedded, they should be 5mm away from the decoration surface to facilitate subsequent glue injection;

[0084] S7.5. Inject neutral silicone: Use a caulking gun to inject neutral silicone into the seam outside the backing strip. Apply force evenly and move the gun slowly and steadily to ensure that the injection is even and there is no flow. Use special tools to point the seams while applying the glue to make the caulking glue present a slightly curved concave surface. If the glue surface is not smooth, use a stainless steel spoon to scrape it flat. Note that the spoon should be wiped clean after use. When caulking the bottom stone seam, be careful not to block the water pipe. According to the color of the stone, add an appropriate amount of mineral pigment to the glue. When caulking the top stone seam, seal the top gap with foam glue, and then seal it with structural glue and weather-resistant glue in turn;

[0085] S7.6. Prevent pollution: During construction, be careful not to leak glue and contaminate the wall surface. If there is glue on the wall, wipe it off immediately and use detergent or oxalic acid to clean the remaining glue in time.

[0086] S7.7. Weather conditions: Construction is suspended in windy and rainy weather and glue injection is not allowed;

[0087] S7.8. Cleaning and protection: After construction is completed, remove the tape on the surface of the stone slab, wipe the stone surface clean with clean water and detergent, and wax or apply protective agent as required to ensure that the stone surface is clean, beautiful and effectively protected.

[0088] Preferably, the specific implementation steps of step S8 are:

[0089] S8.1. Material preparation: Select a suitable stone finishing agent, ensure that it is compatible with the stone and has excellent waterproof and anti-fouling properties, and ensure that the finishing agent used is not expired and is within the effective period of use;

[0090] S8.2. Prepare tools suitable for painting, including a good quality roller, brush, or spray equipment, and a clean towel or cloth to wipe off excess finish.

[0091] S8.3. Surface cleaning: Before applying the finishing agent, ensure that the stone surface is clean and dry. If there is any dust, dirt or other impurities, it should be thoroughly cleaned with detergent and water, and then air-dried or wiped dry with a dry cloth;

[0092] S8.4. Apply the first layer of finishing agent: first apply the first layer of finishing agent evenly on the stone surface. When applying, pay attention to avoid missing any spots and too thick a coating to ensure that the coating is uniform. After applying, dry it naturally or dry it according to the instructions of the finishing agent.

[0093] S8.5. Check the first coat of paint: After the first coat of topcoat has dried, carefully check the coating effect to ensure that there is no missing coating or uneven coating. If necessary, carry out local repairs to ensure the integrity of the first coat of paint.

[0094] S8.6. Apply the second layer of topcoat: After the first layer of topcoat is completely dry and has a good effect, apply the second layer of topcoat. The second layer also needs to be applied evenly to avoid missing or too thick a coating. During the application process, keep the tools clean to avoid impurities from mixing into the coating.

[0095] S8.7. Dry naturally or in a oven: After applying the second coat of topcoat, dry naturally or in a oven according to the instructions of the topcoat to ensure that the coating is fully cured. During the drying process, be careful to prevent the stone surface from being contaminated by the outside world.

[0096] S8.8. Final inspection and acceptance: After the second coat of topcoat has completely dried, a final inspection shall be carried out to ensure that the coating is uniform and smooth without any missing coating or bubble defects, and to confirm that all stone surfaces are adequately protected. After achieving the expected effect, acceptance shall be carried out.

[0097] Based on the above process, the present invention also proposes a dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure, wherein the exterior wall stone specifications of the dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure are 600*900*25mm, the horizontal dimension of the stone is 900mm, the vertical dimension is 600mm, the groove depth is 20mm, the groove length is 50mm, the groove width is 3-5mm, the metal frame specifications are 50*50*4mm, the metal frame material is galvanized square steel, the indoor wall tile gap width of the dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure is 2.5mm, the outdoor wall tile gap width is 4.5mm, and the hanger installation hole spacing is the sum of the wall tile height and the brick seam width, that is, the hanger installation hole spacing is 604.5mm.

[0098] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts mechanical fixation, fast construction speed and convenient installation. Since there is a certain gap between the stone and the building structure, the seismic performance is good and the safety is high. A single stone can be replaced independently after being damaged, and maintenance is simple. The stone material itself is weather-resistant and durable. The stone has rich natural textures and colors, outstanding decorative effects, and improves the grade of the building. At the same time, it solves the horizontal metal skeleton in the traditional process and avoids the safety hazards caused by welding technical problems. On the premise of ensuring quality and safety performance, a large amount of metal skeleton materials are saved and the material cost is reduced. The structure is simple, easy to process, easy to install, and the labor demand is greatly reduced. The technical requirements for construction personnel are relatively low, which is conducive to shortening the construction period. In summary, the main components of the present invention are made of stainless steel and are fixed to the metal skeleton by positioning pins, which have a supporting effect on the stone. At the same time, the stone is fixed to the pendant by buckles. Therefore, according to the different dead weights of the stone, corresponding pendants need to be selected to ensure safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0099] Figure 1 A flow chart of a dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method of the present invention;

[0100] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchoring iron plate in the dry-hanging stone curtain wall of the present invention;

[0101] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the stone buckle structure of the dry-hanging stone curtain wall of the present invention;

[0102] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking positioning pin structure of the dry-hanging stone curtain wall of the present invention;

[0103] Figure 5 This is a drawing of a dry-hanging stone curtain wall project of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0105] 1. Process:

[0106] See also Figures 1 to 5 The present invention proposes a dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method, which specifically comprises the following steps:

[0107] S1. Construction preparation

[0108] S1.1. Select stone

[0109] Select appropriate stones according to construction specifications and requirements, and select and classify the colors of stones by colorimetry to ensure that the colors of stones installed on the same surface are consistent;

[0110] Make grooves at the corresponding positions on the upper and lower sides of the stone, and clean the stone in time after making grooves to ensure that there is no debris on the surface;

[0111] S1.2. Choose a metal frame

[0112] According to the design drawings and the maximum single block area and weight of the selected stone, select the appropriate specifications and models of metal frames and pendants;

[0113] Determine the frame length according to the drawing and cut the material, and drill the installation and fixing holes of the reference size according to the actual situation on site;

[0114] The spacing of the installation holes for other metal hangers should be the sum of the wall brick height and the brick seam width;

[0115] After drilling, metal anti-corrosion treatment is carried out, including applying anti-rust paint;

[0116] S1.3. Processing of anchor iron plates

[0117] See also Figure 2 , the anchoring iron plate is used to connect the metal frame to the structural wall;

[0118] Symmetrical welding is used during welding to reduce welding deformation;

[0119] Check the quality of the weld to ensure that the weld is qualified, remove the welding slag and perform anti-rust treatment, including applying anti-rust paint and 5 cm anchor iron plate for the pendant;

[0120] S1.4. Select pendants and stone clips,

[0121] See also Figure 3 The hanger is the main force-bearing component supporting the stone. It is necessary to select appropriate hangers and stone clips according to the weight of a single stone to ensure safety and reliability;

[0122] All pendants and stone clips should be made of stainless steel to extend their service life. Stone clips are universal parts.

[0123] S1.5. Select the plug-in self-locking pin

[0124] See also Figure 4 , select the appropriate size of the plug-in self-locking pin according to the size of the mounting hole of the pendant; for example, the size of the self-locking pin in the 5 cm pendant is

[0125] S1.6. Prepare other materials

[0126] Before formal construction, prepare sufficient auxiliary materials, including thermal insulation cotton, foam glue, anti-corrosion materials, anti-fouling strips, caulking strips, structural glue and weather-resistant glue to ensure smooth construction;

[0127] S1.7. Prepare construction machinery and tools

[0128] Prepare welding machines, electric hammers, electric drills, theodolites, levels, suction cups, hoists, transport vehicles and other tools required for stone curtain wall construction to ensure a smooth and efficient construction process;

[0129] After all the above preparations are completed, the formal stone curtain wall construction phase can begin;

[0130] S2. Automatic measurement and layout through machine vision

[0131] S2.1. Automated baseline measurement and correction: Use a measuring robot or drone equipped with a machine vision system to capture images of the baseline axis and leveling points through a high-precision camera, process the images through a machine vision algorithm, automatically identify and extract key points, perform precise measurements, and perform correction and review to ensure the accuracy of the baseline;

[0132] S2.2. Intelligent horizontal positioning line determination: On the ground floor, the laser projector is guided by machine vision to accurately project the curtain wall horizontal positioning line onto the ground according to the design requirements, and the position of the lower edge of the curtain wall stone is clearly determined;

[0133] S2.3. High-precision measurement of positive and negative corners: Use a theodolite or laser vertical instrument equipped with a high-definition camera, combined with machine vision technology, to automatically track the positive and negative corners of the curtain wall, accurately measure and project them to the target position. The machine vision system monitors and adjusts the position of the steel wire in real time to ensure its accuracy as a marking control line;

[0134] S2.4. Automatic elevation line drawing and marking: Through the machine vision-assisted level and standard steel tape measure tools, combined with image processing technology, the elevation points of each floor are automatically identified and recorded. The system automatically calculates and projects the elevation lines of each floor, and generates electronic marks at the same time, which is convenient for subsequent construction reference;

[0135] S2.5. Intelligent planning of vertical positioning lines: Use machine vision to perform three-dimensional scanning or photography of the specifications of curtain wall stones and metal frames, and use image recognition technology to automatically measure the stone dimensions. Based on these data and combined with design requirements, the vertical positioning lines of each column of metal frames are intelligently planned. The system automatically calculates and sets the distances from the center lines of the first and second columns of keels to the wall to ensure accuracy. Specifically, assuming that the measured stone width is w, the height is h, the metal frame spacing is d, and the distance from the center line of the first column of keels to the wall is known to be d1 (e.g. 60 mm), the distances of the second and subsequent columns can be calculated based on the stone and frame dimensions, as shown in formula (1);

[0136] d n =d1+(n-1)*(w+d) (1);

[0137] Where n is the number of columns;

[0138] S2.6. Machine vision positioning of the fixing holes of the anchor plate: According to the horizontal positioning line and vertical positioning line images generated by the machine vision system, the fixing holes of the anchor plate are automatically determined on the structural wall. The system generates clear electronic marks and ensures the visibility and accuracy of the fixing hole marks by projection or printing labels on site. Specifically, the projection coordinate of the horizontal positioning line on the wall is x wall , the vertical positioning line is y wall , the offset of the fixed hole relative to these lines is (Δx hole ,Δy hole ), then the hole coordinates are shown in formula (2);

[0139] (x hole ,y hole )=(x wall +Δx hole ,y wall +Δy hole ) (2);

[0140] S2.7. Error control and measurement environment optimization: The machine vision system has a built-in error control algorithm to monitor the errors in the measurement process in real time and automatically adjust the measurement parameters to avoid error accumulation. The system automatically evaluates the measurement conditions based on environmental data (including wind force and light) and reminds the operator to take wind avoidance measures when necessary to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0141] S2.8. Unified baseline and high-precision layout: All facade decoration projects are laid out uniformly through the machine vision system to ensure the consistency of the baselines of each construction part. Laser rangefinders and total station high-precision measurement tools are used in combination with machine vision technology to further improve the layout accuracy, making the positioning of the curtain wall stone grid lines more reasonable and accurate, fully meeting the design requirements;

[0142] S3. Install the anchor plate to fix the metal frame

[0143] S3.1. Check the line position

[0144] Check the layout position according to the construction layout drawing to confirm whether the curtain wall positioning line and grid line meet the design requirements, and ensure that the fixing hole position of the anchor plate meets the construction requirements;

[0145] S3.2. Drilling

[0146] Drill holes according to the marks on the fixing holes of the anchor iron plate on the structural wall;

[0147] The specific steps are as follows:

[0148] Prepare tools: prepare an impact drill or electric hammer and choose the appropriate drill bit size;

[0149] Select drill bit:

[0150] M8 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ12mm

[0151] M10 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ13mm

[0152] M12 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ15mm

[0153] M16 expansion bolt: drilling diameter is φ20mm

[0154] In this step, use a φ15mm drill bit;

[0155] Drilling positioning: first chisel a point on the pre-marked point, then drill with a drill bit;

[0156] The hole depth should be 60-80mm;

[0157] Avoid steel bars: If you encounter steel bars in the structure, you can move the hole horizontally or raise it upward to ensure that the hole is perpendicular to the wall surface;

[0158] Hole cleaning: After drilling, use a small hook spoon to clean the dust in the hole;

[0159] S3.3. Install anchor iron plate

[0160] Place the expansion bolts in the cleaned holes and install the anchor plates as follows:

[0161] Install expansion bolts: insert the expansion bolts into the drilled holes;

[0162] Install the anchor plate: place the anchor plate on the expansion bolt;

[0163] Tightening: Use a torque wrench to tighten the expansion bolts to ensure that the anchor plate is firmly fixed;

[0164] It is recommended to install all the anchor iron plates required for this layer in place;

[0165] S3.4. Fine-tune the anchoring iron plate

[0166] When tightening the anchor plate, use a level to make fine adjustments to ensure the position of the anchor plate is accurate;

[0167] The specific steps are as follows:

[0168] Horizontal adjustment: Use a level to fine-tune the position of the anchoring iron plate so that each row of anchoring iron plates is on the corresponding horizontal line;

[0169] Height adjustment: ensure that the elevation of the bottom anchor plate corresponds to the lower edge of the designed stone;

[0170] Precautions

[0171] Accurate measurement: During the drilling and installation process, the measurement accuracy is always maintained to avoid error accumulation;

[0172] Safe operation: When using power tools, wear appropriate protective equipment, such as safety glasses and gloves;

[0173] Environmental conditions: Try to carry out construction when the wind speed is no more than level 4, and take necessary wind shelter measures to ensure construction safety and accuracy;

[0174] Through the above steps, the installation accuracy and firmness of the anchor iron plate are ensured, providing a reliable foundation for the subsequent installation of the metal frame;

[0175] S4. Install metal frame and pendants

[0176] S4.1. Install the pendant

[0177] Since the metal frame and pendants are standard parts pre-processed in the factory, there are multiple pendants on each metal frame;

[0178] In order to facilitate installation, it is recommended to install the stainless steel pendants on the ground first;

[0179] The specific steps are as follows:

[0180] Prepare tools: prepare fasteners such as self-locking pins, bolts and nuts, and use appropriate wrenches or power tools;

[0181] Align the mounting holes: Align the mounting holes of the stainless steel pendant with the mounting holes on the metal frame;

[0182] Insert the positioning pin: insert the self-locking positioning pin to fix the stainless steel pendant on the metal frame;

[0183] By pre-installing on the ground, installation efficiency can be improved and the risk of working at height can be reduced;

[0184] S4.2. Install the metal frame

[0185] After the metal frame of the pendant is pre-installed, the metal frame is fixed and adjusted;

[0186] The specific steps are as follows:

[0187] Prepare tools: prepare bolts, nuts, washers, torque wrenches and other necessary tools;

[0188] Align the installation holes: Align the fixing holes on the metal frame with the installation holes on the installed anchor iron plate;

[0189] Fix the metal frame: Use bolts and nuts to fix the metal frame to the anchor plate;

[0190] When tightening the bolts, use a torque wrench to ensure that the tightening force of the bolts meets the design requirements;

[0191] Adjust the position:

[0192] Horizontal adjustment: Use a level to adjust the horizontal position of the metal frame according to the horizontal positioning line of the curtain wall;

[0193] Vertical adjustment: Based on the vertical line, ensure that the outer surfaces of each keel are in the same vertical plane;

[0194] Use a plumb line and laser level for alignment;

[0195] S4.3. Acceptance of concealed works

[0196] After the installation of the metal frame and pendants is completed, the concealed project acceptance needs to be carried out;

[0197] The specific steps are as follows:

[0198] Written application: The project department shall apply in writing to the supervision company for acceptance of the completed concealed works;

[0199] Acceptance inspection: The supervision company inspects the concealed works to ensure the installation quality and compliance with the design requirements;

[0200] Record retention: After the supervision company passes the inspection, the acceptance records of concealed works and related photos, videos and other materials shall be retained;

[0201] Prepare for the next process: The next process can be carried out only after the concealed project has passed the acceptance inspection;

[0202] Precautions

[0203] Safety measures: When working at height, be sure to wear a safety belt and protective equipment to ensure construction safety;

[0204] Precision control: During installation and adjustment, professional tools are used to ensure the accuracy and stability of installation;

[0205] Quality inspection: After each step of installation is completed, self-inspection is carried out to ensure that the installation of each part meets the design and quality requirements;

[0206] Through the above steps, ensure that the metal frame and pendants are installed firmly and accurately, providing a solid supporting structure for the curtain wall system;

[0207] S5. Installation of stone veneer panels assisted by deep learning and image processing technology

[0208] S5.1. Stone classification and defect detection: Use convolutional neural network image recognition technology to automatically number and classify stone veneers to ensure fast matching during installation. Apply the Faster R-CNN algorithm to detect stone breakage, missing edges, and corner drop problems, automatically identify abnormal areas in the image, and mark them for manual review;

[0209] S5.2. Installation and correction of bottom stone: Use machine vision to assist installation, capture the stone installation process through a high-precision camera, provide real-time feedback on the installation status, and automatically analyze the horizontal and vertical degree of stone installation by combining edge detection and corner detection algorithms, and promptly remind operators to make adjustments;

[0210] S5.3. Stone fixing and quality inspection: Before injecting stone glue into the stone cut groove, grayscale matching is used to ensure the accuracy of the cut groove position. After installation, the contact surface between the stone and the metal keel is inspected by an anomaly detection model based on an autoencoder to ensure that the structural glue is evenly applied and fixed reliably.

[0211] S5.4. Treatment between stone and wall: Use machine vision system to monitor the spraying process of foam glue to ensure uniform filling. Combined with the regional growth algorithm in image processing, analyze the distribution of foam glue to find and deal with uneven areas in time;

[0212] S5.5. Window opening stone edging: accurately divide the window opening area and guide the edging of the stone slabs to ensure neat edges and accurate dimensions;

[0213] S5.6. Check the aesthetics and structural stability of the stone: Use SURF feature matching technology to check whether the stone pattern and texture are consistent, use edge detection and straight line fitting in image processing to evaluate the uniformity and consistency of seams and board seams, and use object posture estimation technology in deep learning to analyze whether the stone board pressure direction at the corners is correct;

[0214] S5.7. Floor elevation adjustment: When installing the floor elevation, use the MVS algorithm to build a three-dimensional model of the current floor stone installation, analyze the vertical error, and guide the adjustment;

[0215] S5.8. Safe handling and placement: Deploy a safety monitoring system in the handling area, and use the DeepSORT target tracking algorithm to monitor the location of stone slabs and workers to ensure safety. Use reinforcement learning or genetic algorithms to optimize the placement of stone slabs to reduce the number of handling times and the risk of damage. At the same time, use image processing technology to monitor the stability of the placement area in real time;

[0216] S6. Installation of fireproof and thermal insulation materials

[0217] S6.1. Material eligibility requirements

[0218] Qualified Materials:

[0219] The fireproof and thermal insulation materials used must be qualified products;

[0220] Each material must have a factory certificate;

[0221] All materials must be tested on site and qualified before use;

[0222] S6.2. Firebreaks

[0223] Firebreak requirements:

[0224] There should be no gaps between each floor slab and the stone curtain wall;

[0225] Galvanized steel plates and fireproof wool should be used to form firebreaks to ensure the continuity and integrity of the fireproofing function;

[0226] S6.3.Insulation installation in cold northern regions

[0227] Waterproof and Moisture-Proof Protection:

[0228] The insulation layer should be provided with a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer to enhance the insulation effect and durability;

[0229] Fixing method:

[0230] The insulation layer should be filled and fixed inside the metal frame, and should be tight and firm to prevent the cold bridge effect;

[0231] S6.4. Construction of curtain wall insulation layer

[0232] Waterproof and Moisture-Proof Protection:

[0233] When constructing the curtain wall insulation layer, there should be a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer;

[0234] Filling fixation:

[0235] Fill and fix the insulation layer in the metal frame to ensure it is tight and reliable and avoid gaps or looseness; Specific steps

[0236] Materials preparation:

[0237] Confirm that all fireproofing and thermal insulation materials have certificates and on-site test reports;

[0238] Firebreak Installation:

[0239] Galvanized steel plates and fireproof wool are installed between each floor slab and the stone curtain wall to form a continuous fireproof belt;

[0240] Insulation layer installation (northern cold areas):

[0241] Provide a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer on the surface of the thermal insulation layer;

[0242] Fill and fix the insulation layer inside the metal frame to ensure there are no gaps and it is firm;

[0243] Curtain wall insulation installation:

[0244] Provide a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer on the surface of the thermal insulation layer;

[0245] Fill and fix the insulation layer inside the metal frame to ensure tightness and reliability;

[0246] Inspection and acceptance:

[0247] After installation, check the installation quality of all fireproof and thermal insulation materials to ensure there are no gaps or looseness, and that they meet the design and specification requirements;

[0248] By strictly following the above steps to install fireproof and thermal insulation materials, the fireproof performance and thermal insulation effect of the building curtain wall can be ensured to achieve the goals of safety and energy saving;

[0249] S7. Glue sealing

[0250] The glue joints between the stone panels of the curtain wall are the first waterproof measure of the stone curtain wall, and also make the stone curtain form a whole;

[0251] To ensure the quality of glue sealing construction, you need to strictly follow the following steps:

[0252] S7.1. Selection of caulking glue

[0253] Select qualified and unexpired weather-resistant caulking glue according to design requirements;

[0254] It is recommended to use special stone caulking glue with less silicone oil to prevent silicone oil from penetrating and contaminating the stone surface;

[0255] S7.2. Filling of foam plastic round strips

[0256] Use a scraper with a raised head to fill the foam round strips, ensuring the minimum depth and uniformity of the glue joint;

[0257] The diameter of the selected foam plastic round strip should be larger than the seam width to ensure full filling;

[0258] S7.3. Anti-fouling strips

[0259] After the stone is installed and adjusted, anti-fouling strips are attached along the edge of the stone panel to prevent the caulking glue from contaminating the stone surface;

[0260] The anti-fouling strip should be made of paper tape type adhesive tape of about 4 cm, and the edges should be aligned and tightly attached;

[0261] S7.4. Embedded elastic backing strip

[0262] The elastic backing strips are embedded in the gaps between the stones. The backing strips are made of 8mm thick high-continuous foam sheets cut into 10mm wide strips.

[0263] After the backing strip is embedded, it should be 5mm away from the decoration surface to facilitate subsequent glue injection;

[0264] S7.5. Injection of neutral silicone

[0265] Use a caulking gun to inject neutral silicone into the seam outside the backing strip;

[0266] When applying glue, apply force evenly and move the gun steadily and slowly to ensure that the glue is injected evenly without flow;

[0267] Use special tools to point the seams while applying the glue, so that the caulking glue has a slightly curved concave surface;

[0268] If the rubber surface is not smooth, use a stainless steel spoon to scrape it flat. Remember to wipe the spoon clean after use.

[0269] When inserting the seams of the bottom stone, be careful not to block the water pipes;

[0270] According to the color of the stone, you can add an appropriate amount of mineral pigment to the glue;

[0271] When embedding the top layer of stone seams, seal the top gap with foam glue, and then seal it with structural glue and weather-resistant glue in turn;

[0272] S7.6. Prevention of contamination

[0273] During construction, be careful not to leak glue and contaminate the wall. If there is glue on the wall, wipe it off immediately and use detergent or oxalic acid to clean the remaining glue in time.

[0274] S7.7. Weather conditions

[0275] During strong winds and rainy weather, construction is suspended and glue injection is not allowed;

[0276] S7.8. Cleaning and protection

[0277] After the construction is completed, remove the tape on the surface of the stone slab and wipe the stone surface clean with clean water and detergent;

[0278] Apply wax or protective agent as required to ensure that the stone surface is clean, beautiful and effectively protected;

[0279] Summary of specific steps

[0280] Materials preparation:

[0281] Make sure to use qualified and unexpired weather-resistant caulking glue;

[0282] Prepare a scraper with a raised head and a suitable round foam strip;

[0283] Anti-fouling strip installation:

[0284] Stick anti-fouling strips along the edge of the stone panel to prevent contamination;

[0285] Elastic backing strip insert:

[0286] Insert the elastic backing strips according to specifications to ensure that the gaps are filled evenly;

[0287] Glue injection operation:

[0288] Use a caulking gun to inject neutral silicone, apply the glue evenly and point the joints;

[0289] Pay attention to adjusting the color of the glue according to the color of the stone;

[0290] Clean and protect:

[0291] After the construction is completed, clean the stone surface in time and wax or apply protective agent;

[0292] Through the above steps, the waterproof function and overall aesthetics of the glue joints between the curtain wall stone panels are ensured, and the construction quality is guaranteed;

[0293] S8. Apply two layers of topcoat

[0294] After the glue is embedded and the seams are sealed, the next step is to apply a second layer of finishing agent to the stone curtain wall to further protect the stone surface, improve the waterproof and anti-fouling properties, and enhance the aesthetic effect;

[0295] Here are the detailed steps:

[0296] S8.1. Material preparation

[0297] Choose a suitable stone covering agent to ensure that it is compatible with the stone and has excellent waterproof and anti-fouling properties;

[0298] Make sure the mask used is not expired and is within the effective period of use;

[0299] S8.2. Tool preparation

[0300] Have tools suitable for painting, such as a good roller, brush or spray equipment;

[0301] Prepare a clean towel or cloth to wipe off any excess finish;

[0302] S8.3. Surface cleaning

[0303] Before applying the finishing agent, make sure the stone surface is clean and dry;

[0304] If there is dust, dirt or other impurities, clean it thoroughly with detergent and water, and let it air dry or wipe it dry with a dry cloth;

[0305] S8.4. Apply the first coat of finish

[0306] First, apply the first layer of topcoat evenly on the stone surface;

[0307] When painting, be careful to avoid missing paint and over-thick coating, and ensure that the coating is uniform;

[0308] After painting, let it dry naturally or dry according to the instructions of the topcoat;

[0309] S8.5. Check the first coat of paint

[0310] After the first coat of topcoat is dry, carefully check the coating effect to ensure there is no missing coating or uneven coating;

[0311] If necessary, local repairs can be made to ensure the integrity of the first coat of paint;

[0312] S8.6. Apply the second coat of topcoat

[0313] After the first layer of topcoat is completely dry and has a good effect, apply the second layer of topcoat;

[0314] The second coat also needs to be applied evenly to avoid missing layers and over-thick coating;

[0315] During the painting process, be careful to keep the tools clean to avoid impurities from mixing into the coating;

[0316] S8.7. Air drying or tumble drying

[0317] After applying the second layer of topcoat, let it dry naturally or dry according to the instructions of the topcoat to ensure that the coating is fully cured;

[0318] During the drying process, be careful to avoid external contamination of the stone surface;

[0319] S8.8. Final inspection and acceptance

[0320] After the second coat of topcoat is completely dry, conduct a final inspection to ensure that the coating is even and smooth without defects such as missing coating or bubbles;

[0321] After confirming that all stone surfaces are fully protected and achieve the expected effect, acceptance is carried out;

[0322] Through the above steps, the surface of the stone curtain wall is fully protected and beautified, the service life of the stone is extended, and the overall decorative effect is improved;

[0323] Through the above process, the present invention also proposes a dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure:

[0324] The specifications of the exterior wall stone of the dry hanging stone curtain wall structure are 600*900*25mm;

[0325] The horizontal dimension of the stone is 900mm and the vertical dimension is 600mm;

[0326] The groove depth is 20mm, the groove length is 50mm, the groove width is 3-5mm, and the metal frame specification is 50*50*4mm;

[0327] The metal frame is made of galvanized square steel;

[0328] The gap width of indoor wall tiles of dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure is 2.5mm, and the gap width of outdoor wall tiles is 4.5mm;

[0329] The distance between the mounting holes of the pendants is the sum of the height of the wall brick and the width of the brick seam, that is, the distance between the mounting holes of the pendants is 604.5mm;

[0330] 2. Construction standards: The above steps S1 to S8 are performed with reference to the following construction standards;

[0331] Step S1 Construction Preparation:

[0332] "Building Materials Quality Inspection Standard" (GB / T 50080-2016);

[0333] Safety Training Materials for Construction Workers (GB / T 50140-2005);

[0334] Step S2: measuring and setting out:

[0335] Engineering Surveying Specification (GB 50026-2007);

[0336] Specification for Surveying and Laying Out of Construction Projects (JGJ 88-2010);

[0337] Step S3: Install the anchor iron plate:

[0338] Technical Specification for Metal Anchors for Building Curtain Walls (JGJ 102-2003);

[0339] Code for Design of Steel Structures (GB 50017-2017);

[0340] Step S4: Install the metal frame and pendants:

[0341] "Metal Frame Installation Specification" (JGJ 133-2013);

[0342] Technical Specifications for Building Curtain Wall Engineering (JGJ 102-2003);

[0343] Step S5 Stone veneer installation:

[0344] Natural Stone Quality Inspection Standard (GB / T 18601-2009);

[0345] Technical Specification for Installation of Curtain Wall Stone Materials (JGJ 123-2000);

[0346] Technical Specifications for Building Curtain Wall Hangings (JGJ 133-2013);

[0347] Step S6: Installation of fireproof and thermal insulation materials:

[0348] Technical Specification for Application of Building Insulation Materials (JGJ 144-2010);

[0349] "Technical Specifications for Construction of Building Insulation Materials" (JGJ 144-2010);

[0350] Step S7: Paste anti-fouling strips and caulking:

[0351] Technical Standard for Anti-fouling Strips for Building Curtain Walls (GB / T 21086-2007);

[0352] "Technical Specifications for Construction of Building Curtain Wall Caulking Adhesives" (JGJ 133-2013);

[0353] Technical Specification for Caulking of Curtain Walls in Buildings (JGJ 123-2000);

[0354] Step S8: Apply the topcoat:

[0355] "Technical Specifications for Application of Stone Protective Agents" (JGJ 204-2010);

[0356] Technical Code for Protection of Building Curtain Walls (JGJ 102-2003);

[0357] "Technical Specification for Construction of Curtain Wall Finishing Agents" (JGJ 133-2013);

[0358] 3. Equipment: The following are the equipment and equipment parameters of the dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method of the present invention, see Table 1;

[0359] Table 1 Equipment and equipment parameters for dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method

[0360]

[0361]

[0362] In summary, the main components of the present invention are made of stainless steel, which are fixed to the metal frame by positioning pins, and have a supporting effect on the stone. At the same time, the stone is fixed to the pendant by buckles. Therefore, depending on the weight of the stone, it is necessary to select the corresponding pendant to ensure safety.

[0363] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Construction preparation; S2. Automatic measurement and layout through machine vision; S3. Install the anchor iron plate; S4. Install metal frames and pendants; S5. Perform stone veneer installation assisted by deep learning and image processing technology; S6. Installation of fireproof and thermal insulation materials; S7. Paste anti-fouling strips and caulking; S8. Apply topcoat.

2. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S1 are: S1.

1. Select appropriate stones according to construction specifications and requirements, select and classify the colors of stones by colorimetry, ensure that the colors of stones installed on the same surface are consistent, make grooves at corresponding positions on the upper and lower sides of the stones, and clean the stones in time after making grooves to ensure that there is no debris on the surface; S1.

2. According to the design drawings and the maximum single block area and weight of the selected stone, select the appropriate specifications and models of metal frames and pendants, determine the frame length according to the drawings and cut the material, drill the installation and fixing holes of the reference size according to the actual situation on site, and the spacing of the installation holes of other metal pendants should be the sum of the wall brick height and the brick seam width. After drilling, carry out metal anti-corrosion treatment; S1.

3. Use anchor iron plates to connect the metal frame and the structural wall, weld symmetrically to reduce welding deformation, check the quality of the weld, and after ensuring that the weld is qualified, remove the welding slag and perform anti-rust treatment; S1.

4. Choose appropriate pendants and stone clips according to the weight of a single stone to ensure safety and reliability. All pendants and stone clips should be made of stainless steel; S1.

5. According to the size of the mounting hole of the pendant, select the appropriate specifications of the plug-in self-locking pin. The specifications of the self-locking pin in the 5 cm pendant are S1.

6. Before formal construction, prepare sufficient auxiliary materials, including thermal insulation cotton, foam glue, anti-corrosion materials, anti-fouling strips, caulking strips, structural glue and weather-resistant glue; S1.

7. Prepare the tools required for stone curtain wall construction, including electric welders, electric hammers, electric drills, theodolites, levels, suction cups, hoists and transport vehicles, to ensure a smooth and efficient construction process.

3. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S2 are: S2.

1. Automated baseline measurement and correction: Use a measuring robot or drone equipped with a machine vision system to capture images of the baseline axis and leveling points through a high-precision camera, process the images through a machine vision algorithm, automatically identify and extract key points, perform precise measurements, and perform correction and review to ensure the accuracy of the baseline; S2.

2. Intelligent horizontal positioning line determination: On the ground floor, the laser projector is guided by machine vision to accurately project the curtain wall horizontal positioning line onto the ground according to the design requirements, and the position of the lower edge of the curtain wall stone is clearly determined; S2.

3. High-precision measurement of positive and negative corners: Use a theodolite or laser vertical instrument equipped with a high-definition camera, combined with machine vision technology, to automatically track the positive and negative corners of the curtain wall, accurately measure and project them to the target position. The machine vision system monitors and adjusts the position of the steel wire in real time to ensure its accuracy as a marking control line; S2.

4. Automatic elevation line drawing and marking: Through the machine vision-assisted level and standard steel tape measure tools, combined with image processing technology, the elevation points of each floor are automatically identified and recorded. The system automatically calculates and projects the elevation lines of each floor, and generates electronic marks at the same time, which is convenient for subsequent construction reference; S2.

5. Intelligent planning of vertical positioning lines: Use machine vision to perform 3D scanning or photography of the specifications of curtain wall stone and metal frame, and automatically measure the stone size through image recognition technology. Based on these data and design requirements, the vertical positioning line of each column of metal frame is intelligently planned. The system automatically calculates and sets the distance from the center line of the first and second columns of keels to the wall to ensure accuracy; S2.

6. Machine vision positioning of the fixing holes of the anchor plate: According to the horizontal positioning line and vertical positioning line images generated by the machine vision system, the fixing holes of the anchor plate are automatically determined on the structural wall. The system generates clear electronic marks and ensures the visibility and accuracy of the fixing hole marks by projection or printing labels on site; S2.

7. Error control and measurement environment optimization: The machine vision system has a built-in error control algorithm to monitor the errors in the measurement process in real time and automatically adjust the measurement parameters to avoid error accumulation. The system automatically evaluates the measurement conditions based on environmental data (including wind force and light) and reminds the operator to take wind avoidance measures when necessary to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. S2.

8. Unified baseline and high-precision layout: All facade decoration projects are laid out uniformly through a machine vision system to ensure the consistency of the baselines of each construction part. Laser rangefinders and total stations are used as high-precision measurement tools, combined with machine vision technology, to further improve the accuracy of layout, making the positioning of curtain wall stone grid lines more reasonable and accurate, and fully in line with design requirements.

4. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S3 are: S3.

1. Check the layout position according to the construction layout drawing, confirm whether the curtain wall positioning line and grid line meet the design requirements, and ensure that the fixing hole position of the anchor plate meets the construction requirements; S3.

2. Drill holes according to the marks on the anchor iron plate fixing holes on the structural wall and prepare an impact drill or electric hammer; S3.2.

1. Choose to use a φ15mm drill bit; S3.2.

2. First, chisel a point on the pre-marked point with a sharp chisel, and then drill a hole with a drill bit to a depth of 60 to 80 mm; S3.2.

3. If you encounter steel bars in the structure, move the hole horizontally or raise it upward to ensure that the hole is perpendicular to the wall surface; S3.2.4.After drilling is completed, use a small hook spoon to clean the dust inside the hole; S3.

3. Place expansion bolts in the cleaned holes and install anchor plates. Insert the expansion bolts into the drilled holes, place the anchor plates on the expansion bolts, tighten the expansion bolts with a torque wrench to ensure that the anchor plates are firmly fixed, and install all the anchor plates required for this layer in place. S3.

4. When tightening the anchor plates, use a level to make fine adjustments to ensure that the position of the anchor plates is accurate. Use a level to make fine adjustments to the position of the anchor plates so that each row of anchor plates is on the corresponding horizontal line and ensure that the elevation of the bottom anchor plate corresponds to the designed lower edge of the stone.

5. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S4 are: S4.

1. Install the stainless steel hanger on the ground first, prepare the self-locking positioning pins, bolts and nut fasteners, use a wrench or electric tool to align the installation holes of the stainless steel hanger with the installation holes on the metal frame, insert the self-locking positioning pins, and fix the stainless steel hanger on the metal frame. By pre-installing on the ground, the installation efficiency is improved and the risk of high-altitude work is reduced; S4.

2. After the metal frame of the hanging parts is pre-installed, fix and adjust the metal frame, prepare bolts, nuts, washers, torque wrenches and other necessary tools, align the fixing holes on the metal frame with the installation holes on the installed anchor iron plate, use bolts and nuts to fix the metal frame on the anchor iron plate, and use a torque wrench to tighten the bolts to ensure that the tightening force of the bolts meets the design requirements. According to the horizontal positioning line of the curtain wall, use a level to adjust the horizontal position of the metal frame, and according to the vertical line, ensure that the outer surfaces of each keel are in the same vertical plane, and use a plumb line and a laser level to calibrate; S4.

3. After completing the installation of the metal frame and pendants, the concealed works will be inspected and accepted. The project department will apply in writing to the supervision company for acceptance of the completed concealed works. The supervision company will inspect the concealed works to ensure the installation quality and compliance with the design requirements. After the supervision company's inspection is qualified, the concealed works acceptance record and related photos and video materials will be retained. After the concealed works are accepted and qualified, the next process will be carried out.

6. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S5 are: S5.

1. Stone classification and defect detection: Use convolutional neural network image recognition technology to automatically number and classify stone veneers to ensure fast matching during installation. Apply the Faster R-CNN algorithm to detect stone breakage, missing edges, and corner drop problems, automatically identify abnormal areas in the image, and mark them for manual review; S5.

2. Installation and correction of bottom stone: Use machine vision to assist installation, capture the stone installation process through a high-precision camera, provide real-time feedback on the installation status, and automatically analyze the horizontal and vertical degree of stone installation by combining edge detection and corner detection algorithms, and promptly remind operators to make adjustments; S5.

3. Stone fixing and quality inspection: Before injecting stone glue into the stone cut groove, grayscale matching is used to ensure the accuracy of the cut groove position. After installation, the contact surface between the stone and the metal keel is inspected by an anomaly detection model based on an autoencoder to ensure that the structural glue is evenly applied and fixed reliably. S5.

4. Treatment between stone and wall: Use machine vision system to monitor the spraying process of foam glue to ensure uniform filling. Combined with the regional growth algorithm in image processing, analyze the distribution of foam glue to find and deal with uneven areas in time; S5.

5. Window opening stone edging: accurately divide the window opening area and guide the edging of the stone slabs to ensure neat edges and accurate dimensions; S5.

6. Check the aesthetics and structural stability of the stone: Use SURF feature matching technology to check whether the stone pattern and texture are consistent, use edge detection and straight line fitting in image processing to evaluate the uniformity and consistency of seams and board seams, and use object posture estimation technology in deep learning to analyze whether the stone board pressure direction at the corners is correct; S5.

7. Floor elevation adjustment: When installing the floor elevation, use the MVS algorithm to build a three-dimensional model of the current floor stone installation, analyze the vertical error, and guide the adjustment; S5.

8. Safe handling and placement: Deploy a safety monitoring system in the handling area, and use the DeepSORT target tracking algorithm to monitor the location of stone slabs and workers to ensure safety. Use reinforcement learning or genetic algorithms to optimize the placement of stone slabs to reduce the number of handling times and the risk of damage. At the same time, use image processing technology to monitor the stability of the placement area in real time.

7. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S6 are: S6.

1. The fireproof and heat-insulating materials used must be qualified products. Each material must have a factory certificate. All materials must be tested on-site and qualified before use; S6.

2. There should be no gap between each floor slab and the stone curtain wall, and galvanized steel plates and fireproof wool should be used to form a firebreak; S6.

3. The insulation layer should be provided with a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer to enhance the insulation effect and durability. The insulation layer should be filled and fixed inside the metal frame; S6.

4. When constructing the curtain wall insulation layer, there should be a waterproof and moisture-proof protective layer, and the insulation layer should be filled and fixed inside the metal frame.

8. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S7 are: S7.

1. Select qualified and unexpired weather-resistant caulking glue according to design requirements, and use stone-specific caulking glue with less silicone oil to prevent silicone oil from penetrating and contaminating the stone surface; S7.

2. Use a scraper with a convex head to fill the foam plastic round strip to ensure the minimum depth and uniformity of the glue joint. The diameter of the foam plastic round strip should be larger than the width of the joint to ensure full filling; S7.

3. After the stone is installed and adjusted, anti-fouling strips shall be pasted along the edge of the stone panel to prevent the caulking glue from contaminating the stone surface. The anti-fouling strips shall be made of paper tape type self-adhesive tape of about 4 cm, and the edges shall be pasted evenly and tightly; S7.4.Insert elastic backing strips in the gaps between stones. The backing strips are made of 8mm thick high-continuous foam sheets cut into 10mm wide strips. After the backing strips are inserted, they should be 5mm away from the decoration surface to facilitate subsequent glue injection; S7.

5. Use a caulking gun to inject neutral silicone into the seam outside the backing strip. When injecting the glue, apply force evenly and move the gun steadily and slowly to ensure that the glue is injected evenly without flow. Use special tools to point the seams while injecting the glue to make the caulking glue present a slightly curved concave surface. If the glue surface is not smooth, use a stainless steel spoon to scrape it flat. Note that the spoon should be wiped clean after use. When caulking the bottom stone seam, be careful not to block the water pipe. According to the color of the stone, you can add an appropriate amount of mineral pigment to the glue. When caulking the top stone seam, seal the top gap with foam glue, and then use structural glue and weather-resistant glue to seal it in turn; S7.

6. During construction, be careful not to leak glue and contaminate the wall surface. If there is glue on the wall, wipe it off immediately and use detergent or oxalic acid to clean the remaining glue in time. S7.

7. Suspend construction in windy and rainy weather; S7.

8. After the construction is completed, remove the tape on the surface of the stone slab, wipe the stone surface clean with clean water and detergent, and wax or apply protective agent as required to ensure that the stone surface is clean, beautiful and effectively protected.

9. A dry hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific implementation steps of step S8 are: S8.

1. Select a suitable stone finishing agent, ensure that it is compatible with the stone and has excellent waterproof and anti-fouling properties, and ensure that the finishing agent used is not expired and is within the effective period of use; S8.

2. Have available tools suitable for application, including a good quality roller, brush, or spray equipment, and a clean towel or cloth for wiping away any excess finish. S8.

3. Before applying the finishing agent, ensure that the stone surface is clean and dry. If there is any dust, dirt or other impurities, it should be thoroughly cleaned with detergent and water, and then air-dried or wiped dry with a dry cloth; S8.

4. First, apply the first layer of finishing agent evenly on the stone surface. When applying, pay attention to avoid missing any spots and applying too thick a layer of coating to ensure that the coating is uniform. After applying, dry it naturally or dry it according to the instructions of the finishing agent. S8.

5. After the first coat of topcoat has dried, carefully check the coating effect to ensure that there is no missing coating or uneven coating, including local repairs if necessary to ensure the integrity of the first coat; S8.

6. After the first coat of topcoat is completely dry and has a good effect, apply the second coat of topcoat. The second coat also needs to be applied evenly to avoid missing coating and excessive coating. During the coating process, keep the tools clean to avoid impurities from mixing into the coating. S8.

7. After applying the second layer of finishing agent, dry it naturally or according to the instructions of the finishing agent to ensure that the coating is fully cured. During the drying process, be careful to avoid external contamination on the stone surface; S8.

8. After the second coat of topcoat has completely dried, a final inspection shall be carried out to ensure that the coating is even and smooth without any missing coating or bubble defects, and to confirm that all stone surfaces are adequately protected and that the desired effect has been achieved before acceptance.

10. A dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure, according to a dry-hanging stone curtain wall construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The exterior wall stone specifications of the dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure are 600*900*25mm, the horizontal size of the stone is 900mm, the vertical size is 600mm, the groove depth is 20mm, the groove length is 50mm, the groove width is 3-5mm, the metal frame specifications are 50*50*4mm, and the metal frame material is galvanized square steel. The indoor wall tile gap width of the dry-hanging stone curtain wall structure is 2.5mm, and the outdoor wall tile gap width is 4.5mm. The spacing between the hanger installation holes is the sum of the wall tile height and the brick seam width, that is, the hanger installation hole spacing is 604.5mm.

Images