Synergistic flotation enrichment method for metal lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue

Abstract

The invention discloses a collaborative flotation enrichment method for metal lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue, belongs to the technical field of coal series metal enrichment and extraction, and aims to solve the problems of difficulty in physical separation and enrichment and low separation efficiency of coal series metal lithium gallium in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: roughing coal gangue in advance, and removing part of carbon-containing minerals to obtain a roughed material; ore grinding is conducted on tailings obtained after roughing, and materials obtained after ore grinding are obtained; decarburization flotation is conducted on the ground materials, and decarburization flotation materials are obtained; carrying out pyrite removal flotation on the decarburized and floated material to obtain a pyrite-removed and floated material; and performing quartz removal flotation on the material subjected to pyrite removal flotation. The method can be used for collaborative flotation enrichment of lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal-based metal enrichment and extraction, and in particular relates to a method for co-floating and enriching metal lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue. Background Art

[0002] The sorting and pre-enrichment of metallic lithium gallium are beneficial to improving the efficiency of subsequent treatment processes such as activation and leaching. However, due to the fine dispersion, low grade, and mixed coarse and fine particles of metallic lithium gallium in coal gangue, traditional sorting technology is not applicable and the sorting efficiency is low. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a process and reagent for the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue, so as to solve the problems of difficult physical separation and enrichment of metallic lithium gallium in coal-based systems and low separation efficiency in the prior art.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for synergistically flotating and enriching metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Pre-roughing the coal gangue to remove some carbon-containing minerals to obtain roughed materials;

[0007] Step 2: Grinding the tailings after roughing to obtain ground materials;

[0008] Step 3: Decarbonizing and flotating the ground material to obtain decarbonized and flotated material;

[0009] Step 4: performing depyrite flotation on the decarbonized flotation material to obtain a depyrite flotation material;

[0010] Step 5: The material after the pyrite flotation is subjected to quartz flotation to complete the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in the coal gangue.

[0011] Furthermore, in step 1, the particle size of the coal gangue is less than 0.5 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, in step 2, the material-to-ball ratio in the grinding mill is 1:8-12, the grinding concentration is 45-60wt.%, and the grinding time is 3-10min.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 3, the flotation concentration of decarbonization flotation is 70 to 90 g / L.

[0014] Furthermore, the collector for decarbonization flotation is diesel, and the amount of the collector is 800-1000 g / t.

[0015] Furthermore, the frother for decarbonization flotation is octanol, and the dosage of the frother is 500-700 g / t.

[0016] Furthermore, the speed of the flotation machine for decarbonization flotation is 1600-1900 r / min, and the aeration volume for decarbonization flotation is 0.08-0.12 m 3 / min.

[0017] Further, step 4 includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 41: adding an activator and an inhibitor to the decarbonized flotation material, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0019] Step 42: adjusting the pH value to 5-6;

[0020] Step 43: adding a collector to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and mixing and stirring;

[0021] Step 44: adding a frother to the mixed slurry containing the collector;

[0022] Step 45: Aeration is added to the mixed ore pulp containing the frother to perform aeration flotation.

[0023] Further, step 5 includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 51: adding an inhibitor to the depyrite flotation material, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0025] Step 52: adjusting the pH value to 5-6;

[0026] Step 53: adding an activator to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and mixing and stirring;

[0027] Step 54: adding a mixed collector to the mixed slurry containing the activator and mixing and stirring;

[0028] Step 55: Without adding a frother, aeration is added to the mixed slurry containing the collector to perform aeration flotation.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 54, the collector is a binary anion and cation mixed reagent.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The method for co-floatation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue provided by the present invention is highly feasible, rapid and accurate, and can co-enrich metallic lithium gallium in coal gangue, thereby realizing the selective separation of fine-grained lithium gallium occurrence phases, separating kaolinite minerals from coal gangue, obtaining a higher lithium gallium metal enrichment rate and kaolinite minerals, and solving the problems of difficult physical separation and enrichment of existing coal-based metallic lithium gallium and low separation efficiency; at the same time, the above method can also reduce the subsequent pyrometallurgical enrichment and leaching adsorption separation costs and pressures of coal-based metallic lithium gallium extraction, improve the raw material grade, make full use of the effect of waste resource utilization, and effectively enhance the value of coal gangue and resource utilization.

[0032] In the present invention, the above-mentioned technical solutions can also be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages can become obvious from the description, or can be understood by practicing the present invention. The purpose and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the contents particularly pointed out in the embodiments of the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating particular embodiments and are not to be considered limiting of the present invention. Like reference symbols denote like components throughout the drawings.

[0034] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a roughing device in the method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first screen plate in the method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 The present invention provides a schematic structural diagram of a coal gangue slurry feed pipe in the method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue.

[0038] Reference numerals:

[0039] 1-discharge port for carbon-containing minerals; 2-L-shaped mounting rod; 3-first mesh plate; 31-flow stabilizing net; 32-flushing through hole; 33-slow flow sheet; 4-second mesh plate; 5-dissociation impeller; 51-wheel plate; 52-enhanced hole; 6-feeding area; 7-dissociation area; 8-decarbonization area; 9-discharge port for materials after roughing; 10-flushing water outlet; 11-gear; 12-rack; 13-gangue slurry feed pipe; 131-first pipe; 132-second pipe; 133-convex ring; 14-gangue slurry feed port; 15-first brush; 16-second brush. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] The occurrence phases of lithium gallium in coal gangue are clay minerals mainly composed of kaolinite. Based on the idea of ​​phase identification and separation, according to the occurrence state of coal-based metal lithium gallium in coal gangue, the difference in properties between the occurrence phase and the non-occurrence phase, it is the theoretical basis for realizing the physical separation and pre-enrichment of lithium gallium. Therefore, flotation is a method that is more likely to achieve the separation of lithium gallium element occurrence phases, but there is currently no flotation separation technology for strengthening the occurrence phase of lithium gallium elements.

[0042] The present invention provides a method for the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue, see Figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Pre-roughing the coal gangue to remove some carbon-containing minerals to obtain roughed materials;

[0044] Step 2: Grinding the roughing tailings to separate various phases (e.g., carbonaceous minerals, pyrite, and quartz) to obtain ground materials;

[0045] Step 3: Decarbonizing and flotating the ground material to obtain decarbonized and flotated material;

[0046] Step 4: performing depyrite flotation on the decarbonized flotation material to obtain a depyrite flotation material;

[0047] Step 5: The material after the pyrite flotation is subjected to quartz flotation to complete the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in the coal gangue.

[0048] It should be noted that the above-mentioned method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue is only effective for coal gangue with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm.

[0049] Compared with the prior art, the method for the coordinated flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue provided by the present invention is highly feasible, rapid and accurate, and can synergistically enrich metallic lithium gallium in coal gangue, thereby realizing the selective separation of fine-grained lithium gallium occurrence phases, separating kaolinite minerals from coal gangue, and obtaining a higher lithium gallium metal enrichment rate and kaolinite minerals, thereby solving the problems of the difficulty in physical separation and enrichment of metallic lithium gallium in coal series and low separation efficiency; at the same time, the above method can also reduce the subsequent pyrometallurgical enrichment and leaching adsorption separation costs and pressures of extraction of metallic lithium gallium from coal series, improve the grade of raw materials, make full use of the effect of waste resource utilization, and effectively enhance the value of coal gangue and resource utilization.

[0050] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of grinding, illustratively, in the above step 2, the material-ball ratio in the grinding mill is 1:8-12 (for example, 1:10), the grinding medium is 5-7 mm ceramic balls, the grinding concentration (referring to the percentage of tailings after roughing in the mill in the total mass) is 45-60 wt.% (for example, 50 wt.%), and the grinding time is 3-10 min (for example, 5 min).

[0051] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of decarbonization flotation, illustratively, in the above step 3, the flotation concentration of decarbonization flotation is 70-90 g / L (for example, 80 g / L), the collector of decarbonization flotation is diesel, the dosage of decarbonization flotation is 800-1000 g / t, the frother of decarbonization flotation is 2-octanol, the dosage of the frother is 500-700 g / t, the speed of the flotation machine of decarbonization flotation is 1600-1900 r / min (for example, 1800 r / min), and the aeration volume is 0.08-0.12 m 3 / min (for example, 0.1m 3 / min).

[0052] It should be noted that in the decarbonization flotation process of coal gangue, using non-polar hydrocarbon oil (i.e. diesel) as a collector can significantly improve the carbon ash separation effect of decarbonization flotation. The interaction force between the carbon-containing components and the diesel molecules is greater than the interaction force between the diesel molecules themselves. The diesel droplets are adsorbed and spread on the surface of the carbon-containing components to form a hydrophobic thin oil film, thereby improving the hydrophobicity of the surface of the carbon-containing components.

[0053] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of the flotation of depyrite, illustratively, the above step 4 includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 41: adding an activator and an inhibitor to the decarbonized flotation material, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry, wherein the activator and the inhibitor are both oxalic acid, the amount of oxalic acid is 0.3-0.5 mmol / L, and the mixing and stirring time is 55-70 seconds (for example, 60 seconds);

[0055] Step 42: adjusting the pH value to 5-6 using H2SO4;

[0056] Step 43: adding a collector to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and mixing and stirring, wherein the amyl collector is potassium xanthate, the amount of the collector is 0.3-0.4 mmol / L, and the mixing and stirring time is 55-70 seconds (for example, 60 seconds);

[0057] Step 44: adding a foaming agent to the mixed ore pulp containing the collector, wherein the foaming agent is pine oil, and the amount of the foaming agent is 40-60 g / t;

[0058] Step 45: Aerate the mixed slurry containing the frother for aeration flotation, with the aeration volume being 0.08-0.12 m 3 / min (for example, 0.1m 3 / min).

[0059] It should be noted that in the flotation process of pyrite removal from coal gangue, oxalic acid is used as an activator or inhibitor. Oxalic acid molecules easily form chelates with metal ions on the surface of pyrite, causing hydrophilic substances on the surface of pyrite to fall off, thereby activating the flotation of pyrite. At the same time, oxalic acid can also inhibit the floating of minerals such as quartz and kaolinite.

[0060] In addition, using potassium amyl xanthate as a collector, potassium amyl xanthate is oxidized on the surface of pyrite to generate the corresponding dixanthate, which enhances the hydrophobicity of the pyrite surface and thereby improves the floatability of pyrite.

[0061] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of de-quartzing flotation, illustratively, the above step 5 includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 51: adding an inhibitor to the depyrite flotation material and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry, wherein the inhibitor is oxalic acid, the amount of oxalic acid is 5 to 15 mmol / L, and the mixing and stirring time is 55 to 70 seconds (for example, 60 seconds);

[0063] Step 52: adjusting the pH value to 5-6 using H2SO4;

[0064] Capture 53: Add activator to the mixed slurry after adjusting pH value and mix and stir. The activator is Al 3+ solution, the amount of the activator is 0.5-0.8 mmol / L, and the mixing time is 55-70 s (e.g., 60 s);

[0065] Collecting 54: adding a mixed collector to the mixed slurry containing the activator and mixing and stirring, the mixed collector is a binary anion and cation mixed agent, the cation is dodecylamine hydrochloride, and the cation is sodium oleate, and the mixing and stirring time is 55 to 70 seconds (for example, 60 seconds);

[0066] Step 55: Without adding a frother, the mixed slurry containing the collector is aerated for flotation, and the aeration volume is 0.08-0.12 m 3 / min (for example, 0.1m 3 / min).

[0067] It should be noted that in the process of dequartz flotation, oxalic acid is used as an inhibitor. Oxalic acid molecules react with metal ions on the surface of kaolinite to generate hydrophilic products that adhere to the surface of kaolinite and hinder the adsorption of collectors, thereby achieving the purpose of inhibiting kaolinite.

[0068] Al 3+ As an activator, it can activate quartz, Al 3+ It is mainly adsorbed on the quartz surface in the form of ionic hydroxyl compounds or hydroxide precipitation, increasing the adsorption capacity of the collector.

[0069] A binary anion-cation mixture is used as a collector, the molar ratio of cation to anion is 1:0.8-1.2 (for example, 1:1), the dosage of the collector is 0.2-0.4 mmol / L, and the binary anion-cation mixture relies on N, O ions to adsorb on the quartz surface to reduce the hydrophilicity of the surface.

[0070] The dodecylamine hydrochloride in the binary anion-cation mixed collector has an ion-dipole interaction with the quartz surface, and the sodium oleate has an electrostatic interaction with the quartz surface, and the two will undergo synergistic adsorption, thereby significantly improving the flotation effect.

[0071] For example, in the above step 1, the roughing equipment with the following structure can be used for the preliminary roughing. Specifically, see Figure 2 The roughing equipment includes a gangue slurry feed pipe 13, a roughing cylinder, and a first mesh plate 3, a second mesh plate 4 and a dissociation impeller 5 arranged in the roughing cylinder. The first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 divide the space in the roughing cylinder into a feed zone 6, a dissociation zone 7 and a decarbonization zone 8 from top to bottom. The roughing cylinder corresponding to the feed zone 6 is provided with a carbon-containing mineral discharge port 1 and a gangue slurry feed port 14. The gangue slurry feed pipe 13 is connected to the gangue slurry feed port 14. The dissociation impeller 5 is arranged in the dissociation zone 7. The roughing cylinder corresponding to the decarbonization zone 8 is provided with a discharge port 9 for roughed materials and a flushing water port 10.

[0072] During implementation, the gangue slurry is slowly supplied into the feeding zone 6 from the gangue slurry feeding port 14 through the gangue slurry feeding pipe 13, and under the action of the first mesh plate 3, the flow rate of the slurry is further reduced; the slurry in the feeding zone 6 is slowly supplied into the dissociation zone 7 through the gap of the first mesh plate 3, and the dissociation impeller 5 rotates to stir the slurry, and the slurry is fully dissociated through mechanical shear force; the dissociated slurry is slowly supplied into the decarbonization zone 8 through the gap of the second mesh plate 4, and flushing water is supplied into the dissociation zone 7 through the flushing water port 10 to flush the dissociated slurry, so as to separate the gangue particles from the carbon-containing minerals, and driven by the flushing water, the carbon-containing minerals with smaller mass are brought to the carbon-containing mineral discharge port 1 at the top of the roughing barrel and discharged from the carbon-containing mineral discharge port 1, and the gangue particles with larger mass are discharged from the roughing material discharge port 9 at the bottom of the roughing barrel.

[0073] The roughing equipment of this structure adopts the first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 as flow stabilizers, which can control the flow speed of the slurry, reduce the mutual influence of the feeding zone 6, the dissociation zone 7 and the decarbonization zone 8, and realize independent and efficient operation of each area, thereby ensuring the optimization of the separation efficiency of carbon-containing minerals and coal gangue particles; because the flow direction of the slurry is opposite to the flow direction of the flushing water, the upward-flowing flushing water can flush the gaps between the first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 and the residues in the roughing tube, avoiding the carbon-containing minerals from clogging the gaps of the first mesh plate 3, the gaps of the second mesh plate 4 and the roughing tube, realizing the self-cleaning of the roughing equipment, and ensuring the cleaning efficiency and the long-term stable operation of the roughing equipment.

[0074] For the structures of the first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4, see Figure 3 , which includes a mesh, which is in the shape of a grid, a flow-stabilizing net 31 is set in some grids, and the remaining grids are through holes 32, wherein the through holes 32 can ensure that the flushing water passes smoothly and flows upward quickly to flush the slurry in the decarbonization zone 8, the dissociation zone 7 and the feeding zone 6, thereby ensuring the roughing efficiency and effect, and the flow-stabilizing net 31 can properly isolate the decarbonization zone 8, the dissociation zone 7 and the feeding zone 6, reduce the liquid level fluctuations in the feeding zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8, thereby reducing the influence of the disturbance generated by the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 in the dissociation zone 7 on the feeding zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8.

[0075] In order to further reduce the impact of the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 on the feed zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8, the first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 further include a slow flow sheet 33, which is arranged on the side of the mesh plate facing the dissociation zone 7. From the dual perspectives of steady flow and smooth flushing water flow, the slow flow sheet 33 is fixedly connected to the side of the steady flow net 31. This is because the fluctuations generated by the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 are mainly along the radial direction of the roughing barrel. Through the arrangement of the slow flow sheet 33, the fluctuations in the dissociation zone 7 can be pre-stabilized, further reducing the impact of the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 on the feed zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8, ensuring the uniform distribution of the slurry during the flow process, and avoiding excessively fast or uneven flow rates that lead to reduced processing efficiency and poor results.

[0076] In order to improve the high shear forced dissociation effect, the structure of the dissociation impeller 5, specifically, includes a wheel plate 51 and a reinforcement hole 52 opened on the wheel plate 51. Through the setting of the reinforcement hole 52, bubbles can be generated during the stirring process of the slurry, thereby improving the high shear forced dissociation effect.

[0077] In order to further improve the high shear forced dissociation effect, the number of the strengthening holes 52 is multiple, and the multiple strengthening holes 52 are arranged vertically along the wheel plate 51. From top to bottom, the width of the wheel plate 51 and the area of ​​the strengthening holes 52 are gradually increased. In this way, during the rotation of the drive shaft 12, the shear force on the slurry is gradually increased through the gradually increasing wheel plate 51, the mixing and homogenization degree of the slurry is improved, and the slurry is ensured to be fully subjected to strong shear dissociation during the processing process, thereby achieving a more efficient dissociation effect.

[0078] Considering that the gangue slurry feed port will inevitably deposit too much coal slime after long-term feeding, resulting in blockage, in the prior art, the pipeline is usually required to be removed for pipeline blockage. However, this method requires suspending the coal slime dissociation and roughing treatment, and the process is complicated. In this embodiment, the gangue slurry feed pipe 13 is a telescopic branch, see Figure 4 , that is, it includes a first tube 131 and a second tube 132 connected in sequence, the first tube is located outside the roughing tube, the second tube 132 is located inside the roughing tube, the second tube 132 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first tube 131 and is slidably sealed and connected to the first tube 131, the first tube 131 is located outside the roughing tube, and a convex ring 133 is provided at one end of the second tube 132 close to the first tube 131, the second tube 132 is located inside the roughing tube, and the convex ring 133 is located outside the roughing tube.

[0079] The above-mentioned roughing equipment also includes a feed pipe cleaning member, which includes a first brush 15, a brush rod end of the first brush 15 is fixedly connected to the first tube 131, a bristle end of the first brush 15 protrudes into the second tube 132, and the bristles of the first brush 15 are in contact with the inner wall of the second tube 132, see Figure 4In this way, the operator pulls the convex ring 133 back and forth to make the second tube 132 move relative to the first tube 131 , and the first brush 15 can brush the inner wall of the second tube 132 .

[0080] In order to be able to brush the discharge end of the second tube 132, the feed tube cleaning member also includes a second brush 16, a rack 12, a gear 11 and an L-shaped mounting rod 2. One end of the rack 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the roughing barrel, and the other end is suspended. The gear 11 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second tube 132 through a gear shaft. The gear 11 is vertically meshed with the rack 12. One end of the L-shaped mounting rod 2 is fixedly connected to the gear 11, and the other end of the L-shaped mounting rod 2 is fixedly connected to the brush rod end of the second brush 16. The bristles of the second brush 16 are in contact with the discharge end of the second tube 132. In this way, when the second tube 132 reciprocates up and down, it will drive the gear 11 to reciprocate on the rack 12, thereby driving the gear 11 to rotate and the L-shaped mounting rod 2 to swing, so that the bristles swing back and forth relative to the discharge end of the second tube 132, and the discharge end of the second tube 132 is brushed.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] In this embodiment, lithium gallium elements and kaolinite are pre-enriched by synergistic flotation on a coal gangue in Pingshuo, Shanxi Province, with the process flow of "pre-roughing - grinding and dissociation - flotation decarbonization - flotation deironization - flotation dequartzization".

[0083] Specifically, the ore pulp is pre-roughed. The roughing tailings are ground and dissociated, with a grinding concentration of 50% and a grinding time of 5 minutes. After grinding and dissociation, further flotation and decarbonization are carried out, the amount of collector diesel is 1000g / t, the amount of frother octanol is 700g / t, and aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated to remove iron, the amount of inhibitor and activator oxalic acid used is 0.5mmol / L, the solution pH is adjusted to 5, the collector potassium amyl xanthate is added in an amount of 0.3mmol / L, the frother pine oil is added in an amount of 60g / t, and aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated to remove quartz, the amount of inhibitor oxalic acid used is 12mmol / L, the solution pH is adjusted to 5, and the activator Al is added. 3+ , the dosage is 0.6mmol / L, anion and cation mixed collector is added, the dosage is 0.2mmol / L, no foaming agent is added, and aeration flotation is started. The enrichment ratio of lithium element in the flotation tailings is 1.31, the enrichment ratio of gallium element is 1.20, and the recovery rate of kaolinite in the occurrence phase is 45.2%, realizing the simultaneous pre-enrichment of lithium gallium element and kaolinite in coal gangue.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] In this embodiment, lithium gallium elements and kaolinite are pre-enriched by synergistic flotation on a coal gangue in Pingshuo, Shanxi Province, with the process flow of "pre-roughing - grinding and dissociation - flotation decarbonization - flotation deironization - flotation dequartzization".

[0086] Specifically, the ore pulp is pre-roughened. The flotation tailings are ground and separated, and the grinding concentration is 55% and the grinding time is 8 minutes. After grinding and separation, further flotation and decarbonization are carried out. The amount of collector diesel is 800g / t, the amount of frother octanol is 500g / t, and aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated to remove iron. The amount of inhibitor or activator oxalic acid used is 0.4mmol / L, and the solution pH is adjusted to 6. The collector potassium amyl xanthate is added in an amount of 0.4mmol / L, and the frother pine oil is added in an amount of 50g / t. Aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated to remove quartz. The amount of inhibitor oxalic acid used is 10mmol / L, and the solution pH is adjusted to 6. The activator Al 3+ , the dosage is 0.5mmol / L, anion and cation mixed collector is added, the dosage is 0.3mmol / L, no foaming agent is needed, and aeration flotation is started. The enrichment ratio of lithium element in the flotation tailings is 1.38, the enrichment ratio of gallium element is 1.26, and the recovery rate of kaolinite in the occurrence phase is 42.6%, realizing the simultaneous pre-enrichment of lithium gallium element and kaolinite in coal gangue.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with the technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Pre-roughing the coal gangue to remove some carbon-containing minerals to obtain roughed materials; Step 2: Grinding the tailings after roughing to obtain ground materials; Step 3: Decarbonizing and flotating the ground material to obtain decarbonized and flotated material; Step 4: performing depyrite flotation on the decarbonized flotation material to obtain a depyrite flotation material; Step 5: The material after the pyrite flotation is subjected to quartz flotation to complete the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in the coal gangue.

2. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the particle size of the coal gangue is less than 0.5 mm.

3. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the material-to-ball ratio in the grinding mill is 1:8-12, the grinding concentration is 45-60wt.%, and the grinding time is 3-10min.

4. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3, the flotation concentration of the decarbonization flotation is 70 to 90 g / L.

5. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector for decarbonization flotation is diesel, and the amount of the collector is 800-1000 g / t.

6. The method for co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frother for decarbonization flotation is 2-octanol, and the dosage of the frother for decarbonization flotation is 500-700 g / t.

7. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speed of the flotation machine for decarbonization flotation is 1600-1900 r / min, and the aeration volume of the decarbonization flotation is 0.08-0.12 m 3 / min.

8. The method for co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 4 comprises the following steps: Step 41: adding an activator and an inhibitor to the decarbonized flotation material, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry; Step 42: adjusting the pH value to 5-6; Step 43: adding a collector to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and mixing and stirring; Step 44: adding a frother to the mixed slurry containing the collector; Step 45: Aeration is added to the mixed ore pulp containing the frother to perform aeration flotation.

9. The method for co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 5 comprises the following steps: Step 51: adding an inhibitor to the depyrite flotation material, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry; Step 52: adjusting the pH value to 5-6; Step 53: adding an activator to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and mixing and stirring; Step 54: adding a mixed collector to the mixed slurry containing the activator and mixing and stirring; Step 55: Without adding a frother, aeration is added to the mixed slurry containing the collector to perform aeration flotation.

10. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 9, characterized in that: In the step 54, the collector is a binary anion-cation mixture.

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