Surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to a surveying and mapping unmanned aerial vehicle which comprises a contraction assembly used for storing a rotor wing into a notch, the contraction assembly comprises two belt pulley sets symmetrically mounted on the surface of a mounting block, and driving teeth are fixedly mounted at the upper ends of the belt pulley sets; the top ends of the driving teeth are rotationally connected with the inner wall of the machine body through limiting rods, round rods are arranged on one sides of the driving teeth, and tooth grooves are formed in the surfaces of the round rods; two groups of connecting rods are symmetrically mounted on the inner sides of the protective plates, transverse plates are fixedly connected to the tail ends of the two groups of connecting rods, round holes are formed in the sides, close to the mounting blocks, of the transverse plates, inserting rods are inserted into the round holes, and balls are fixedly mounted at the tail ends of the inserting rods. Through cooperative use of all parts, when the unmanned aerial vehicle breaks down, the rotors can be stored, the collision strength between the unmanned aerial vehicle and the ground is relieved, and the purposes of protecting the unmanned aerial vehicle and prolonging the service life are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), in particular to a surveying and mapping UAV. Background Art

[0002] Mapping drones are a technology that combines drone technology, remote sensing technology, geographic information systems and computer technology to measure, collect and map the shape, size, spatial position and attributes of natural geographical elements or artificial facilities on the surface. Its core technologies include drone flight control technology, high-precision sensor technology, image processing technology and data post-processing technology. Mapping drones use high-precision sensors (such as lidar, aerial cameras, etc.) and global navigation satellite positioning systems to quickly obtain geographic spatial information of the target area through aerial operations and generate high-precision digital maps and three-dimensional models.

[0003] As a key component of a drone, the integrity of the rotor is crucial to the flight performance and subsequent use of the drone. Once the rotor is damaged, the drone's flight capability will be seriously affected, and it may even be unable to take off again; therefore, during the operation of a surveying drone, if an emergency occurs, such as mechanical failure, insufficient power, severe weather conditions or operational errors, the drone may lose normal control and fall. Since the existing rotor is exposed during the fall, it will directly bear the impact of the ground, causing damage to the rotor itself and affecting the use of the drone. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a surveying and mapping UAV to solve the problem in the prior art proposed in the above background technology that when the surveying and mapping UAV falls in an emergency, the exposed rotor may directly contact the store surface and cause damage, thus affecting subsequent use.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a surveying and mapping UAV, comprising a body, two groups of notches are symmetrically opened on both sides of the body, two groups of symmetrically arranged mounting blocks are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the body, a bracket is movably connected to the inner wall of the notch, and a rotor is arranged at the end of the bracket;

[0006] It also includes two groups of symmetrically arranged retraction components for storing the rotor into the recess, the retraction components include two groups of pulley groups symmetrically installed on the surface of the mounting block, and the lower end of one group of pulley groups is fixedly connected to the driving source through a connecting shaft, and the upper end of the pulley group is fixedly installed with a driving tooth, and the top end of the driving tooth is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the body through a limiting rod, a round rod is provided on one side of the driving tooth, and a tooth groove is opened on the surface of the round rod, and the tooth groove is meshed with the driving tooth.

[0007] Furthermore, a guide groove is provided on the surface of the bracket, and a positioning hole is provided at the end of the guide groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotor is composed of a group of upper wings, a group of lower wings and a vertical axis, and the vertical axis is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, the lower wing is arranged below the upper wing, and the lower wing is arranged on the surface of the vertical axis through a rotating ring.

[0009] Furthermore, the two groups of pulley assemblies are connected by a transmission belt, and the plane structure of the transmission belt is in an ∞ shape, so as to drive the two groups of pulley assemblies to rotate and make the two groups of pulley assemblies rotate in opposite directions.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper end of the round rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the body, and the lower end of the round rod penetrates through the interior of the mounting block and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bracket.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes multiple groups of protection components for reducing the impact force of the machine body, and the multiple groups of protection components include protection plates arranged at the four corners of the machine body, two groups of connecting rods are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the protection plates, and the ends of the two groups of connecting rods penetrate the surface of the machine body and extend into the interior thereof, and the ends of the two groups of connecting rods are fixedly connected with a cross plate, and a circular hole is opened on the side of the cross plate close to the mounting block, and an insertion rod is inserted into the inside of the circular hole, and a round ball is fixedly installed at the end of the insertion rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the protective plate is made of rubber material, the outer side of the protective plate is in an arc-shaped structure, and the inner side of the protective plate fits with the corners of the body in an initial state.

[0013] Furthermore, the transverse plate is elastically connected to the inner wall of the body through two groups of symmetrically arranged connecting springs, and the two groups of connecting springs are sleeved on the surfaces of the two groups of connecting rods.

[0014] Furthermore, the ball penetrates the body and extends to the inside of the guide groove, and the ball is slidably matched with the inner wall of the guide groove. A return spring is fixedly connected to the surface of the ball, and the end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recess.

[0015] Compared with the known prior art, the technical solution provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention provides components such as a pulley group, a limit rod, and a tooth groove that cooperate with each other. When the drone encounters an emergency and falls, the drone will automatically cut off the power supply of the rotor, and the lower wing will be reset to just below the upper wing through a rotating ring. At the same time, the power source fixedly connected to the pulley group will be started immediately, and start to drive one group of pulley groups to start rotating, so that the rotating pulley group drives the other group of pulley groups to start rotating synchronously through the transmission belt, so that the rotation directions of the two groups of pulley groups are opposite, and through the engagement of the driving teeth installed at the upper end of the pulley group with the tooth groove, the round rod drives the bracket to shrink into the inside of the recess, thereby realizing protection of the rotor.

[0017] 2. The present invention provides the protective plate, cross plate, round hole and other components that cooperate with each other, so that when the bracket is retracted to the inside of the recess, the ball will enter the inside of the positioning hole from the guide groove under the reaction force generated by the deformation of the reset spring, and at the same time will drive the end of the insertion rod to move out of the round hole, thereby releasing the restriction on the cross plate, so that the cross plate can begin to reset under the reaction force generated by the deformed connecting spring, and then will drive the connecting rod installed on one side to begin to extend out of the body, so that the protective plate can be extended synchronously and distributed at the four corners of the body, thereby achieving the purpose of cushioning the fall of the drone and reducing the damage to the drone. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of ;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement in the middle;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the position distribution of the contraction components and the protection components inside the body of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shrinkage assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the protection component of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at C in the middle;

[0027] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structural separation of the insertion rod and the circular hole of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1, body; 101, notch; 102, mounting block; 2, bracket; 201, guide groove; 202, positioning hole; 3, rotor; 301, upper wing; 302, lower wing; 3021, rotating ring; 4, retraction assembly; 401, pulley set; 402, driving tooth; 403, limit rod; 404, round rod; 405, tooth groove; 5, protection assembly; 501, protection plate; 502, connecting rod; 503, cross plate; 504, connecting spring; 505, round hole; 506, plug rod; 507, round ball; 5071, reset spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0031] Embodiment: A surveying and mapping drone, such as Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, it includes a body 1, and two groups of notches 101 are symmetrically opened on both sides of the body 1. By setting the body 1, it can play a role of storage, which is used to reduce the size of the drone; two groups of symmetrically arranged mounting blocks 102 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the body 1, and the installation of the mounting blocks 102 is convenient for the installation of parts;

[0032] Among them, the inner wall of the recess 101 is movably connected with the bracket 2. By movably setting the bracket 2 inside the recess 101, when the UAV fails, the bracket 2 can be stored inside the recess 101 to reduce the volume of the UAV; the surface of the bracket 2 is provided with a guide groove 201, which can play a guiding and limiting role; the end of the guide groove 201 is provided with a positioning hole 202, and by providing the positioning hole 202, the components can be fixed.

[0033] Among them, a rotor 3 is provided at the end of the bracket 2. By setting the rotor 3, the drone can be driven to take off through its rotation to achieve the purpose of surveying and mapping; the rotor 3 is composed of a group of upper wings 301 and a group of lower wings 302 and a vertical axis, and the vertical axis is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the drive motor. The drive motor is a prior art and is used to provide a power source for the rotor 3 so that the rotor 3 can rotate, and the drive motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the bracket 2; it is worth noting that the upper wing 301 is parallel to the bracket 2 in the initial state, and when the upper wing 301 stops rotating, it will also reset to the top of the bracket 2;

[0034] The lower wing 302 is arranged below the upper wing 301, and the lower wing 302 is sleeved on the surface of the vertical shaft through a rotating ring 3021. By arranging the lower wing 302 below the upper wing 301 and sleeved on the surface of the vertical shaft through the rotating ring 3021, the lower wing 302 can be reset to the position directly below the upper wing 301 when the rotor 3 stops rotating. It is worth noting that a mutually repelling electromagnet and a torsion spring are arranged between the rotating ring 3021 and the vertical shaft (the prior art , not shown in the figure), and then when the drive motor is energized, the electromagnet will be energized synchronously, so that the repulsive force generated by the electromagnet drives the rotating ring 3021 and the lower wing 302 to rotate half a circle around the vertical axis and drives the torsion spring to deform, so that when the rotor 3 stops rotating, the reaction force generated by the torsion spring can drive the lower wing 302 to be restored to just below the upper wing 301 through the rotating ring 3021; ​​and when the rotating ring 3021 drives the lower wing 302 to rotate, it can only rotate half a circle, that is, 180 degrees.

[0035] Combined with Figure 1 -Attached Fig. 9 , and also includes two groups of retracting components 4 symmetrically arranged for storing the rotor 3 into the inside of the recess 101, so that when the drone encounters an emergency, the bracket 2 and the rotor 3 can be stored into the inside of the recess 101 in time, so that the bracket 2 and the rotor 3 can be protected and the damage to the drone is reduced; the retracting component 4 includes two groups of pulley groups 401 symmetrically installed on the surface of the mounting block 102, and the lower end of one group of pulley groups 401 is fixedly connected to the driving source through a connecting shaft. By setting the pulley group 401 and the driving source, when the drone falls, the driving source can be immediately energized to drive the pulley group 401 to rotate; it is worth noting that the driving source is a prior art and is electrically connected to a sensor for detecting height changes, that is, when the height of the drone and the ground changes sharply, the driving source will be immediately energized to rotate;

[0036] Among them, the two groups of pulley groups 401 are connected by a transmission belt, and the plane structure of the transmission belt is in an ∞ shape, so as to drive the two groups of pulley groups 401 to rotate and make the rotation directions of the two groups of pulley groups 401 opposite. By setting the transmission belt, when the pulley group 401 rotates following the driving source, the two groups of pulley groups 401 set on the same side can rotate synchronously in opposite directions through the transmission of the transmission belt.

[0037] Among them, a driving tooth 402 is fixedly installed on the upper end of the pulley group 401, and the top end of the driving tooth 402 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the body 1 through a limit rod 403. By setting the driving tooth 402, it can rotate synchronously with the pulley group 401 to achieve the purpose of transmitting kinetic energy; a round rod 404 is provided on one side of the driving tooth 402, and the upper end of the round rod 404 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the body 1, and the lower end of the round rod 404 penetrates the interior of the mounting block 102 and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bracket 2. A tooth groove 405 is opened on the surface of the round rod 404, and the tooth groove 405 is meshed with the driving tooth 402. By setting the round rod 404 and opening the tooth groove 405 on the surface of the round rod 404, when the driving tooth 402 rotates, it can be meshed with the tooth groove 405, so that the round rod 404 rotates and drives the bracket 2 to rotate synchronously until the bracket 2 is completely retracted into the inside of the recess 101, thereby protecting the bracket 2 and the rotor 3.

[0038] Combined with Figure 1 -Attached Fig. 9 , and also includes multiple sets of protective components 5 for reducing the impact force of the body 1, and then when the drone falls, after the bracket 2 and the rotor 3 are retracted into the inside of the recess 101, the protective component 5 will pop out, so that the drone can be cushioned when it falls, and the damage to the drone during collision is reduced; the multiple sets of protective components 5 include protective plates 501 arranged at the four corners of the body 1, and the protective plates 501 are made of rubber material. By setting the protective plates 501 made of rubber material, the flexible characteristics of the protective plates 501 can be used to absorb and disperse the force generated by the collision of the drone, thereby reducing the collision force; the outer side of the protective plate 501 is an arc-shaped structure. By setting the outer side of the protective plate 501 to an arc-shaped structure, the contact area of ​​the protective plate 501 with the ground can be increased, and the force generated by the collision can be better alleviated;

[0039] Among them, the inner side of the protective plate 501 is in fit with the corners of the body 1 in the initial state, and two groups of connecting rods 502 are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the protective plate 501, and the ends of the two groups of connecting rods 502 penetrate the surface of the body 1 and extend into the interior thereof. By setting the connecting rods 502, a guiding and limiting function can be achieved; the ends of the two groups of connecting rods 502 are fixedly connected with a cross plate 503, and by setting the cross plate 503, the protective plate 501 can be driven to move synchronously through its own movement; the cross plate 503 is elastically connected to the inner wall of the body 1 through two groups of symmetrically arranged connecting springs 504, and the two groups of connecting springs 504 are sleeved on the surfaces of the two groups of connecting rods 502. By setting the connecting springs 504, the reaction force generated by their deformation can be offset by the force generated by the collision, thereby achieving the purpose of buffering; it is worth noting that the connecting springs 504 are in a stretched state in the initial state.

[0040] Among them, a circular hole 505 is opened on one side of the horizontal plate 503 close to the mounting block 102, and the circular hole 505 is opened so that the connecting spring 504 can be fixed to prevent the protective plate 501 from extending during the use of the drone and affecting the flight; a plug rod 506 is inserted into the inside of the circular hole 505, and the connecting spring 504 can be fixed by setting the plug rod 506; a ball 507 is fixedly installed at the end of the plug rod 506, and the ball 507 penetrates the body 1 and extends to the inside of the guide groove 201, and the ball 507 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the guide groove 201, and the ball 507 is set to slide inside the guide groove 201 to reduce the friction between it and the guide groove 201; the surface of the ball 507 is fixed A return spring 5071 is connected, and the end of the return spring 5071 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recess 101. By setting the return spring 5071, the reaction force generated by its deformation can drive the insertion rod 506 to move out of the inside of the circular hole 505, thereby releasing the restriction on the horizontal plate 503. It is worth noting that the return spring 5071 is in a compressed state in the initial state. When the bracket 2 shrinks to the inside of the recess 101, the reaction force generated by the return spring 5071 will push the insertion rod 506 to move, so that the ball 507 enters the inside of the positioning hole 202 and unlocks the horizontal plate 503, so that the reaction force generated by the connecting spring 504 can drive the horizontal plate 503 to reset, so that the protective plate 501 can be extended.

[0041] Specifically, during the UAV surveying and mapping process, when encountering an emergency and falling, the UAV will automatically cut off the power supply of the rotor 3 and the mutually repelling electromagnets, so that the lower wing 302 is driven by the rotating rotating ring 3021 and reset to the bottom of the upper wing 301 under the reaction force generated by the deformed torsion spring, and at the same time, the power source fixedly connected to the pulley group 401 will be started immediately, and start to drive one set of the pulley groups 401 to start rotating, and the rotating pulley group 401 drives the other set of pulley groups 401 to start synchronously rotating in the opposite direction through the transmission belt, so that the driving tooth 402 installed on the upper end of the pulley group 401 starts to mesh with the tooth groove 405, driving the round rod 404 to start rotating, and the rotating round rod 404 will synchronously drive the bracket 2 to start rotating and shrink to the inside of the recess 101, so as to protect the bracket 2 and the rotor 3;

[0042] When the bracket 2 and the rotor 3 shrink to the inside of the recess 101, the ball 507 will move from the head end of the guide groove 201 to the end, and under the reaction force generated by the deformation of the reset spring 5071, the ball 507 will enter the inside of the positioning hole 202 from the guide groove 201, and at the same time, it will drive the end of the insertion rod 506 to move out from the inside of the round hole 505, releasing the restriction on the cross plate 503, so that the cross plate 503 can begin to reset under the reaction force generated by the deformed connecting spring 504, and then drive the protective plate 501 installed on one side to begin to extend out of the body 1, so that the protective plate 501 can extend and be distributed at the four corners of the body 1, thereby achieving the purpose of cushioning the fall of the drone and reducing the damage to the drone.

[0043] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surveying and mapping UAV, comprising a body (1), characterized in that: Two groups of notches (101) are symmetrically provided on both sides of the machine body (1); two groups of symmetrically arranged mounting blocks (102) are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the machine body (1); a bracket (2) is movably connected to the inner wall of the notch (101); a rotor (3) is provided at the end of the bracket (2); The invention also comprises two groups of retracting components (4) symmetrically arranged for accommodating the rotor (3) into the recess (101), wherein the retracting components (4) comprise two groups of pulley groups (401) symmetrically mounted on the surface of the mounting block (102), wherein the lower end of one group of pulley groups (401) is fixedly connected to a driving source via a connecting shaft, and the upper end of the pulley group (401) is fixedly mounted with a driving tooth (402), and the top end of the driving tooth (402) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the body (1) via a limiting rod (403), and a round rod (404) is provided on one side of the driving tooth (402), and a tooth groove (405) is provided on the surface of the round rod (404), and the tooth groove (405) is meshedly connected with the driving tooth (402).

2. A surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide groove (201) is provided on the surface of the bracket (2), and a positioning hole (202) is provided at the end of the guide groove (201).

3. A surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotor (3) is composed of a group of upper wings (301), a group of lower wings (302) and a vertical shaft, and the vertical shaft is coaxially connected to the output shaft of the driving motor. The lower wings (302) are arranged below the upper wings (301), and the lower wings (302) are sleeved on the surface of the vertical shaft through a rotating ring (3021).

4. The surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two groups of pulley assemblies (401) are connected by a transmission belt, and the plane structure of the transmission belt is in an ∞ shape, so as to drive the two groups of pulley assemblies (401) to rotate, and make the two groups of pulley assemblies (401) rotate in opposite directions.

5. The surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the round rod (404) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the body (1), and the lower end of the round rod (404) penetrates through the interior of the mounting block (102) and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bracket (2).

6. The surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of groups of protective components (5) for reducing the impact force of the machine body (1), the plurality of groups of protective components (5) including protective plates (501) arranged at the four corners of the machine body (1), two groups of connecting rods (502) are symmetrically installed on the inner side of the protective plates (501), and the ends of the two groups of connecting rods (502) penetrate the surface of the machine body (1) and extend into the interior thereof, the ends of the two groups of connecting rods (502) are fixedly connected to a transverse plate (503), a circular hole (505) is opened on one side of the transverse plate (503) close to the mounting block (102), an insertion rod (506) is inserted into the interior of the circular hole (505), and a round ball (507) is fixedly installed at the end of the insertion rod (506).

7. A surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective plate (501) is made of rubber material, the outer side of the protective plate (501) is in an arc-shaped structure, and the inner side of the protective plate (501) fits with the corners of the body (1) in an initial state.

8. A surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 7, characterized in that: The transverse plate (503) is elastically connected to the inner wall of the machine body (1) via two groups of symmetrically arranged connecting springs (504), and the two groups of connecting springs (504) are sleeved on the surfaces of the two groups of connecting rods (502).

9. A surveying and mapping UAV according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ball (507) penetrates the body (1) and extends to the interior of the guide groove (201), and the ball (507) is slidably matched with the inner wall of the guide groove (201). A return spring (5071) is fixedly connected to the surface of the ball (507), and the end of the return spring (5071) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the recess (101).

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