Deep and shallow heat storage production interference simulation experiment system and experiment method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of geothermal exploitation, and particularly relates to a deep layer and shallow layer heat storage production interference simulation experiment system and an experiment method.A shallow layer simulation model, an interlayer simulation model and a deep layer simulation model are sequentially arranged in a high-pressure sealing shell from top to bottom; a crack simulation model is vertically arranged in a high-pressure sealing shell, a permeable crack with the upper end and the lower end communicating with a shallow layer simulation model and a deep layer simulation model is arranged, and an interlayer simulation model is isolated from the shallow layer simulation model, the deep layer simulation model and the crack simulation model. Therefore, a shallow simulation model and a deep simulation model which are isolated from each other are formed, and fracture communication between the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model is simulated; the shallow heating device and the deep heating device are used for controlling the temperature of the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model, the injection-production system is used for controlling injection-production parameters, and simulation of deep and shallow heat storage production interference is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of geothermal exploitation, and in particular relates to a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system and an experimental method. Background Art

[0002] The development and utilization of geothermal energy is considered to be one of the most effective means to mitigate extreme climate phenomena. my country has abundant geothermal energy distributed from shallow to deep on land. At present, the development and utilization of geothermal energy in China is mainly based on the direct utilization of shallow geothermal energy, and the development and utilization of deep geothermal energy and hot dry rocks are also emerging. With the increasing demand and utilization of new energy, especially geothermal energy, in social development, how to mine these geothermal energies efficiently, sustainably and in an environmentally friendly way is the primary problem currently faced.

[0003] Although the development and utilization of geothermal resources in China has been relatively mature, people often only evaluate and develop deep heat reservoirs or shallow heat reservoirs independently, and rarely conduct in-depth research on the heat and mass transfer phenomena between shallow heat reservoirs and deep heat reservoirs in the same geothermal system. Some traditional views believe that the deep heat reservoir system and the shallow heat reservoir system are isolated from each other. However, some field pumping tests and geochemical analyses have shown that there is hydraulic connectivity between deep heat reservoirs and shallow heat reservoirs (such as a geothermal field in northern Beijing), and they may have the same recharge area; deep heat reservoirs provide upward flow channels and groundwater recharge channels for deep fluids through fault zones in tectonic active areas, and the degree of influence of deep heat reservoirs on shallow heat reservoirs is also significantly related to geological structures. In terms of energy supply, the energy of shallow heat reservoirs comes partly from solar radiation and partly from heat conduction in deep reservoirs. The degree of mutual influence between these deep and shallow heat reservoirs is often underestimated. Therefore, in the process of geothermal energy development, whether the development and utilization of deep geothermal resources will cause the depletion of shallow geothermal resources, whether the development and utilization of shallow geothermal resources will affect the sustainable supply of deep geothermal resources, and how shallow geothermal heating areas can use medium and deep heat to supplement shallow heat to solve the problem of thermal imbalance are issues waiting to be confirmed, which will affect the sustainable development of human society to a certain extent.

[0004] There are rich deep and shallow geothermal resources in some areas of China, such as the northern part of Beijing and Xiong'an New Area. Among them, in recent years, many areas have carried out comprehensive application projects of deep and shallow geothermal energy (such as the main building of the Beijing World Horticultural Exposition, Zhengzhou Kunpeng Software Town Fengxi New City, etc.). Therefore, recognizing the heat and mass transfer mechanism between deep and shallow heat reservoirs is of great significance for guiding the efficient development and utilization of geothermal energy. However, there is a lack of relevant research and experimental means. A new experimental method is needed to reveal the nature of production interference between deep and shallow heat reservoirs, and provide guidance for subsequent regulatory measures. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system and experimental method. Based on the established deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system, the present invention studies the heat and mass transfer mechanism through cracks between deep and shallow thermal reservoirs and the production regulation method, providing an effective simulation experimental means for further studying the development laws of such thermal reservoirs.

[0006] The present invention arranges a shallow simulation model, an interlayer simulation model and a deep simulation model in sequence from top to bottom in a high-pressure sealed shell, and vertically arranges a fracture simulation model in the high-pressure sealed shell, and arranges permeable fractures in the fracture simulation model which are respectively connected to the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model at the upper and lower ends, and isolates the interlayer simulation model from the shallow simulation model, the deep simulation model and the fracture simulation model, thereby forming mutually isolated shallow simulation models, deep simulation models and connected fractures between the simulated shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model; uses a shallow heating device and a deep heating device to control the temperatures of the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model, and uses an injection-production system to control injection-production parameters, thereby realizing the simulation of production interference between deep and shallow thermal reservoirs.

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical scheme: a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system, including a reservoir simulation system, an injection and production system, a heating system and a temperature monitoring system;

[0008] The reservoir simulation system comprises a high-pressure sealed shell, a shallow layer simulation model, a layer simulation model and a deep layer simulation model arranged in the high-pressure sealed shell from top to bottom, and a fracture simulation model arranged vertically in the high-pressure sealed shell, wherein the fracture simulation model comprises a permeable fracture whose upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the shallow layer simulation model and the deep layer simulation model, and the shallow layer simulation model and the deep layer simulation model are both made of permeable materials;

[0009] The interlayer simulation model is isolated from the shallow layer simulation model, the deep layer simulation model and the fracture simulation model respectively;

[0010] The injection and production system includes a simulated water injection wellbore, a simulated water production wellbore, a water injection control system connected to the simulated water injection wellbore, and a water output control system connected to the simulated water production wellbore;

[0011] The simulated water injection wellbore is located in the shallow simulation model, and the simulated water production wellbore is located in the deep simulation model;

[0012] Or the simulated water injection wellbore is located in the deep simulation model, and the simulated water production wellbore is located in the shallow simulation model;

[0013] The heating system comprises a shallow layer heating device arranged in the shallow layer simulation model, a deep layer heating device arranged in the deep layer simulation model, and a heating control system electrically connected to the shallow layer heating device and the deep layer heating device respectively;

[0014] The temperature detection system comprises a shallow temperature detection device arranged in a shallow simulation model, a deep temperature detection device arranged in a deep simulation model, and a temperature detection system connected to the shallow temperature detection device and the deep temperature detection device respectively.

[0015] Preferably, the present invention further comprises an intermediate baffle plate vertically arranged in the high-pressure sealing shell, and the crack simulation model is located in the intermediate baffle plate;

[0016] The intermediate baffle comprises a shallow permeation cavity, a non-permeation cavity and a deep permeation cavity which are connected in sequence from top to bottom;

[0017] A permeable grid-shaped baffle is provided between the shallow layer infiltration cavity and the shallow layer simulation model and between the deep layer infiltration cavity and the deep layer simulation model;

[0018] The non-permeable cavity corresponds to the interlayer simulation model, and a non-permeable baffle is arranged between the non-permeable cavity and the interlayer simulation model. In order to facilitate the arrangement of the shallow simulation model, the interlayer simulation model, the deep simulation model and the crack simulation model in the high-pressure sealed shell, and not cause the model material to enter the permeable crack, the crack simulation model is arranged in the middle baffle, and the permeable crack is connected with the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model by arranging the permeable grid baffle between the shallow permeable cavity and the shallow simulation model and between the deep permeable cavity and the deep simulation model; the isolation of the interlayer simulation model and the crack simulation model is achieved by arranging the non-permeable cavity and the interlayer simulation model in correspondence and arranging the non-permeable baffle between the non-permeable cavity and the interlayer simulation model.

[0019] Preferably, the fracture simulation model further comprises an impermeable fracture left baffle, an impermeable fracture right baffle, an impermeable fracture top baffle and an impermeable fracture bottom baffle;

[0020] The non-permeable fracture top baffle and the non-permeable fracture bottom baffle are spaced apart from each other, and the non-permeable fracture left baffle and the non-permeable fracture right baffle are spaced apart from each other;

[0021] The impermeable crack left baffle, the impermeable crack right baffle, the impermeable crack top baffle and the impermeable crack bottom baffle are spliced ​​together to form a permeable crack. The impermeable crack left baffle, the impermeable crack right baffle, the impermeable crack top baffle and the impermeable crack bottom baffle are spliced ​​together to form a permeable crack, so that the length, width and height of the permeable crack can be adjusted conveniently.

[0022] Preferably, the shallow layer simulation model and the deep layer simulation model are respectively filled with sand particles;

[0023] The interlayer simulation model is filled with non-permeable materials. Permeable gaps can be formed between sand grains, so sand grains are used to simulate deep thermal reservoirs and shallow thermal reservoirs; the interlayer simulation model is prepared with non-permeable materials to make it impermeable, and is used to simulate the isolation layer between the deep thermal reservoir and the shallow thermal reservoir.

[0024] Preferably, the water injection control system of the present invention comprises a water supply tank, a water injection pump and a flow meter;

[0025] The water outlet control system includes a water collecting tank and a throttling control valve;

[0026] The water injection pump and the flow meter are arranged between the water supply tank and the simulated water injection wellbore, and the water supply tank, the water injection pump and the simulated water injection wellbore are connected by pipelines;

[0027] The throttling control valve is arranged between the water collecting tank and the simulated water production wellbore, and the water collecting tank and the simulated water production wellbore are connected by a pipeline. The water in the water supply tank is injected into the shallow simulation model or the deep simulation model by a water injection pump, the water discharged from the simulated water production wellbore is collected by the water collecting tank, the flow rate of the injected water is detected by a flow meter, and the flow rate of the water outlet is controlled by the throttling control valve, thereby simulating the deep and shallow thermal storage production interference simulation experiment under different flow rates.

[0028] Preferably, the simulated water injection wellbore and the simulated water production wellbore are located on the same side of the fracture simulation model;

[0029] Alternatively, the simulated water injection wellbore and the simulated water production wellbore are respectively located on both sides of the fracture simulation model. The fracture simulation model divides the energy cavity of the high-pressure sealing shell into two parts, and the simulated water injection wellbore and the simulated water production wellbore can be arranged on the same side of the fracture simulation model or on both sides of the fracture simulation model.

[0030] Preferably, the shallow layer heating device and the deep layer heating device are horizontally coiled electric heating pipelines. By arranging horizontally coiled electric heating pipelines in the shallow layer simulation model and the deep layer simulation model, the shallow layer simulation model and the deep layer simulation model can be heated quickly and evenly, thereby improving the experimental efficiency.

[0031] Preferably, the shallow temperature detection device and the deep temperature detection device are temperature sensors that are mutually connected in series on the temperature acquisition line, and the temperature sensors are mutually spaced. By setting the temperature sensors distributed at intervals in the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model, the temperature of each part of the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model can be monitored, so as to facilitate the study of the temperature change law of the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model.

[0032] The present invention also discloses a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment method, which utilizes the deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment system, and is applicable to the working conditions of shallow water production and deep water injection, and the working conditions of deep water production and shallow water injection, and comprises the following steps:

[0033] S1. Build a simulation experimental system for deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference;

[0034] S2, open the water injection control system and the water output control system, use the water injection control system to inject water into the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model through the simulated water injection wellbore, so that the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model are saturated with water, and close the water injection control system and the water output control system;

[0035] S3. According to the experimental temperature requirements of the shallow layer and the deep layer, the shallow layer heating device and the deep layer heating device are controlled by the heating control system to heat the shallow layer simulation model and the deep layer simulation model to their respective predetermined temperatures;

[0036] The temperature detection system collects the temperature values ​​in the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model respectively through the shallow temperature detection device and the deep temperature detection device;

[0037] S4, turning on the water injection control system and the water output control system, using the water injection control system to inject water into the shallow simulation model or the deep simulation model according to the set flow rate through the simulated water injection wellbore, and the temperature detection system collects the temperature values ​​in the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model respectively through the shallow temperature detection device and the deep temperature detection device;

[0038] S5. Turn off the water injection control system and the water outlet control system to complete the experiment;

[0039] S6, repeating step S3 to heat the temperature of the shallow simulation model and the temperature of the deep simulation model to a predetermined value;

[0040] S7, changing the water injection flow rate of the water injection control system, repeating steps S4 and S5, completing experiments with different flow rates, and obtaining the variation rules of produced water temperature and reservoir temperature with different water injection rates under the same initial reservoir temperature;

[0041] S8, changing the predetermined temperature of step S3, repeating steps S3 to S7, completing experiments at different temperatures, and obtaining the variation rules of produced water temperature and reservoir temperature under different initial reservoir temperatures;

[0042] S9. Each time, one of the parameters in the height of the permeability fissure, the width of the permeability fissure, the length of the permeability fissure, the position of the simulated water injection wellbore, or the position of the simulated water production wellbore is changed separately, and steps S1 to S8 are repeated to complete the variation pattern of the produced water temperature and the reservoir temperature under different permeability fissure heights, different permeability fissure widths, different permeability fissure lengths, different water injection wellbore positions, or different water production wellbore positions.

[0043] Preferably, the present invention further includes step S10, changing the permeable material composition of the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model, repeating steps S1 to S9, and completing the deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment under different permeability conditions.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The simulation experiment system constructed by the present invention utilizes a heating control system to control a shallow heating device and a deep heating device to heat a shallow simulation model and a deep simulation model respectively, thereby simulating the production interference process between thermal reservoirs of different temperatures and revealing the heat and mass transfer phenomena and laws between layers.

[0045] (2) The simulation experiment system constructed in the present invention can simulate different fracture properties by changing the size of the interlayer connection channel, that is, adjusting the length, width or height of the permeability fractures in the fracture simulation model that are connected to the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model at the upper and lower ends respectively, thereby revealing the influence of the fracture connectivity properties on the deep and shallow production.

[0046] (3) The simulation experimental system constructed by the present invention can simulate the influence of well spacing on geothermal extraction by adjusting the positional relationship between the simulated water injection wellbore, the simulated water production wellbore and the permeable fracture, thereby providing a basis for the optimization of well spacing for such heat storage extraction.

[0047] Furthermore, the present invention can simulate the working conditions of shallow water extraction and deep water injection as well as the working conditions of deep water extraction and shallow water injection.

[0048] (4) Most of the current geothermal mining simulation experiments are aimed at a single heat reservoir. In the present invention, the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model have different temperatures, simulating shallow heat storage and deep heat storage respectively, and the shallow simulation model and the deep simulation model are connected by a permeable gap, which solves the technical problem lacking in the simulation experiment of deep and shallow heat reservoir production interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system for simulating deep water production and shallow water injection conditions in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system for simulating shallow water production and deep water injection conditions in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 for Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 Cross-section of the middle WW;

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the middle baffle in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of a crack simulation model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system for simulating deep water production and shallow water injection conditions in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0055] In the figure, 101 is a high pressure sealed shell, 102 is a shallow layer simulation model, 103 is a barrier layer simulation model, 104 is a deep layer simulation model, and 105 is a crack simulation model;

[0056] 1051 permeable fracture, 1052 impermeable fracture left baffle, 1053 impermeable fracture right baffle, 1054 impermeable fracture top baffle, 1055 impermeable fracture bottom baffle;

[0057] 201 simulated water injection wellbore, 202 simulated water production wellbore, 203 water supply tank, 204 water injection pump, 205 flow meter, 206 water collection tank, 207 throttling control valve;

[0058] 301 shallow layer heating device, 302 deep layer heating device;

[0059] 401 shallow temperature detection device, 402 deep temperature detection device;

[0060] 500 intermediate baffle, 501 shallow penetration chamber, 502 non-penetration chamber, 503 deep penetration chamber;

[0061] 5001 permeable grid-shaped left baffle, 5002 permeable grid-shaped right baffle, 5003 non-permeable rear baffle, 5004 non-permeable front baffle, 5005 non-permeable baffle bottom, 5006 non-permeable slider;

[0062] 600 permeable mesh baffle, 700 non-permeable baffle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, a deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system includes a reservoir simulation system, an injection and production system, a heating system and a temperature monitoring system.

[0066] The reservoir simulation system includes a high-pressure sealed shell 101, a shallow simulation model 102, a barrier simulation model 103 and a deep simulation model 104 arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the high-pressure sealed shell 101, and a fracture simulation model 105 vertically arranged in the high-pressure sealed shell 101, the fracture simulation model 105 includes a permeable fissure 1051 connected to the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 at the upper and lower ends respectively, and the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 are both made of permeable materials.

[0067] The interlayer simulation model 103 is isolated from the shallow layer simulation model 102, the deep layer simulation model 104 and the crack simulation model 105 respectively. Specifically, there is no penetration between the interlayer simulation model 103 and the shallow layer simulation model 102, the deep layer simulation model 104 and the crack simulation model 105. In order to further reduce the interference between the models, an insulation layer can be set between the interlayer simulation model 103 and the shallow layer simulation model 102, the deep layer simulation model 104 and the crack simulation model 105.

[0068] The shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 are respectively filled with sand particles. The shallow simulation model 102 is a cuboid with a length, width and height of L, W and H1 respectively. The deep simulation model 104 is a cuboid with a length, width and height of L, W and H3 respectively.

[0069] The interlayer simulation model 103 is filled with an impermeable material, and the impermeable material is specifically a cement concrete material. In this embodiment, the crack simulation model 105 divides the inner cavity of the high-pressure sealed housing 101 into two parts, the left and right parts, and the interlayer simulation model 103 is a rectangular parallelepiped with length, width and height of L, Wa, H2 and L, Wb, H2 respectively located on both sides of the crack simulation model 105. Wa and Wb can be equal or unequal.

[0070] The deep layer simulation model 104 in the reservoir simulation system is placed at the bottom of the high pressure sealed housing 101, with the interlayer simulation model 103 arranged above it, and the shallow layer simulation model 102 arranged at the top. The fracture simulation model 105 penetrates the shallow layer simulation model 102, the interlayer simulation model 103, and the deep layer simulation model 104 from top to bottom.

[0071] In this embodiment, the high-pressure sealed shell 101 is made of high-pressure steel, and its internal length, width and height are L, W and H respectively. Its bottom and surroundings are welded together, and the top is a detachable steel cover, which is connected to the main body of the high-pressure sealed shell 101 by bolts.

[0072] Specifically, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system further includes an intermediate baffle 500 vertically arranged in the high-pressure sealing shell 101, and the fracture simulation model 105 is located in the intermediate baffle 500.

[0073] The middle baffle 500 includes a shallow permeation cavity 501, a non-permeation cavity 502 and a deep permeation cavity 503 which are sequentially connected from top to bottom.

[0074] A permeable grid-shaped baffle 600 is provided between the shallow permeation cavity 501 and the shallow simulation model 102 and between the deep permeation cavity 503 and the deep simulation model 104 .

[0075] The non-permeable cavity 502 corresponds to the barrier simulation model 103 , and a non-permeable baffle 700 is disposed between the non-permeable cavity 502 and the barrier simulation model 103 .

[0076] Specifically, Figure 4 As shown, the middle baffle 500 is a hollow cuboid structure with an opening upward, which is composed of a permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001, a permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002, an impermeable rear baffle 5003, an impermeable front baffle 5004, an impermeable baffle bottom 5005 and an impermeable slider 5006. The impermeable baffle bottom 5005 can be closed or open. Its height is equal to H1+H2+H3, its length is equal to L, and its width is equal to the distance between the permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002, which simulates the width of the permeable crack; the distance between the permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002 plus the widths Wa and Wb of the two cuboids of the interlayer simulation model 103, the sum of which is equal to the width W of the shallow simulation model 102.

[0077] The height of the non-permeable slider 5006 is equal to the height H2 of the barrier simulation model 103 , and its position in the entire reservoir simulation system is consistent with the position of the barrier simulation model 103 .

[0078] In this embodiment, the middle baffle 500 plays the role of supporting the shallow simulation model 102, the interlayer simulation model 103, and the deep simulation model 104, and its permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002 can prevent sand particles in the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 from entering the gap between the permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002.

[0079] The fracture simulation model 105 is placed in the middle baffle 500 to simulate the fracture channel connecting the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 .

[0080] like Figure 5 As shown, the fracture simulation model 105 further includes an impermeable fracture left baffle 1052 , an impermeable fracture right baffle 1053 , an impermeable fracture top baffle 1054 and an impermeable fracture bottom baffle 1055 .

[0081] The non-permeable fracture top baffle 1054 and the non-permeable fracture bottom baffle 1055 are spaced apart from each other, and the non-permeable fracture left baffle 1052 and the non-permeable fracture right baffle 1053 are spaced apart from each other.

[0082] The impermeable fracture left baffle 1052 , the impermeable fracture right baffle 1053 , the impermeable fracture top baffle 1054 and the impermeable fracture bottom baffle 1055 are spliced ​​together to form a permeable fracture 1051 .

[0083] Specifically, the sum of the height of the permeable fracture 1051 , the height of the impermeable fracture top baffle 1054 , and the height of the impermeable fracture bottom baffle 1055 is equal to the height of the middle baffle 500 .

[0084] The sum of the length of the permeable fracture 1051 , the length of the impermeable fracture rear baffle 5003 , and the length of the impermeable fracture front baffle 5004 is equal to the length of the intermediate baffle 500 .

[0085] The width of the permeable crack 1051, the width of the impermeable crack rear baffle 5003, the width of the impermeable crack front baffle 5004, the width of the impermeable crack top baffle 1054, and the width of the impermeable crack bottom baffle 1055 are all equal to the width of the gap between the permeable grid-like left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-like right baffle 5002 in the middle baffle 500.

[0086] In this embodiment, the length of the non-permeable fracture rear baffle 5003 and the length of the non-permeable fracture front baffle 5004 are adjustable, and different lengths of the permeable fracture 1051 can be obtained by adjusting the lengths of the two, thereby achieving simulation of different fracture lengths.

[0087] The height of the non-permeable fracture top baffle 1054 and the height of the non-permeable fracture bottom baffle 1055 are adjustable. By adjusting the heights of the two, different heights of the permeable fractures 1051 can be obtained, thereby achieving simulation of different fracture heights.

[0088] By adjusting the distance between the permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002 in the middle baffle 500, simulation of different crack widths can be achieved.

[0089] In this embodiment, the height of the permeable crack 1051 is greater than the height of the non-permeable slider 5006, and exceeds the boundaries of the non-permeable slider 5006 at the top and bottom.

[0090] The injection and production system includes a simulated water injection wellbore 201 , a simulated water production wellbore 202 , a water injection control system connected to the simulated water injection wellbore 201 , and a water output control system connected to the simulated water production wellbore 202 .

[0091] The simulated water injection wellbore 201 is located in the shallow simulation model 102 , and the simulated water production wellbore 202 is located in the deep simulation model 104 .

[0092] Alternatively, the simulated water injection wellbore 201 is located in the deep simulation model 104 , and the simulated water production wellbore 202 is located in the shallow simulation model 102 .

[0093] Specifically, the water injection control system includes a water supply tank 203 , a water injection pump 204 and a flow meter 205 .

[0094] The water outlet control system includes a water collecting tank 206 and a throttling control valve 207 .

[0095] The water injection pump 204 and the flow meter 205 are arranged between the water supply tank 203 and the simulated water injection well 201, and the water supply tank 203, the water injection pump 204 and the simulated water injection well 201 are connected by pipelines. The water injection pump 204 is connected to the simulated water injection well 201 through a water injection pipeline, and the flow meter 205 is arranged on the water injection pipeline to measure the water injection amount.

[0096] The throttling control valve 207 is arranged between the water collecting tank 206 and the simulated water extraction well 202, and the water collecting tank 206 and the simulated water extraction well 202 are connected by a pipeline. The water collecting tank 206 is connected to the simulated water extraction well 202 through a water outlet pipeline, and the throttling control valve 207 is arranged on the water outlet pipeline to adjust and control the water output.

[0097] The simulated water injection wellbore 201 provides a flow channel for the injected water to enter the shallow simulation model 102 or the deep simulation model 104 .

[0098] The simulated water production wellbore 202 provides a flow channel for produced water to flow out of the shallow simulation model 102 or the deep simulation model 104 .

[0099] The simulated water injection wellbore 201 is a hollow pipe made of low thermal conductivity material or insulating material to reduce heat loss during fluid flow; the simulation of different water injection well locations is achieved by adjusting the different horizontal extension distances and different vertical distances of the simulated water injection wellbore 201 in the shallow simulation model 102 or the deep simulation model 104.

[0100] The simulated water production wellbore 202 is a hollow pipe made of low thermal conductivity material or insulating material to reduce heat loss during fluid flow; the simulation of different water production well locations is achieved by adjusting the different horizontal extension distances and different vertical distances of the simulated water production wellbore 202 in the shallow simulation model 102 or the deep simulation model 104.

[0101] The heating system includes a shallow heating device 301 disposed in the shallow simulation model 102, a deep heating device 302 disposed in the deep simulation model 104, and a heating control system electrically connected to the shallow heating device 301 and the deep heating device 302. Specifically, the heating control system includes a shallow temperature controller electrically connected to the shallow heating device 301 and a deep temperature controller electrically connected to the deep heating device 302.

[0102] The temperature detection system includes a shallow temperature detection device 401 disposed in the shallow simulation model 102, a deep temperature detection device 402 disposed in the deep simulation model 104, and a temperature detection system electrically connected to the shallow temperature detection device 401 and the deep temperature detection device 402 respectively.

[0103] The simulated water injection wellbore 201 and the simulated water production wellbore 202 are respectively located on two sides of the fracture simulation model 105 .

[0104] The shallow layer heating device 301 and the deep layer heating device 302 are horizontally coiled electric heating pipelines.

[0105] The shallow temperature detection device 401 and the deep temperature detection device 402 are temperature sensors connected in series on a temperature collection line, and the temperature sensors are spaced apart from each other.

[0106] Taking the shallow layer water injection and deep layer water discharge as an example, during operation, the water in the water supply tank 203 enters the water injection pump 204 through the water injection pipeline for pressurization, and then enters the shallow layer simulation model 102 through the simulated water injection well 201. At the same time, the water injection volume is measured by the flow meter 205. The water entering the shallow layer simulation model 102 flows through the pores between the sand particles and then passes through the permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable mesh-shaped left baffle 5001 located in the shallow layer simulation model 102 above the middle baffle 500. The water enters the gap of the middle baffle 500 through the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002, and then passes through the permeable cracks 1051 in the fracture simulation model 105, passes through the permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002 in the deep simulation model 104 at the bottom of the middle baffle 500, enters the deep simulation model 104, and then enters the simulated water production wellbore 202, and then flows through the throttling control valve 207 through the water outlet pipeline and enters the water collection tank 206.

[0107] The shallow electric heating tube in the heating system is buried in the shallow simulation model 102 and connected to the shallow temperature controller. The shallow simulation model 102 is heated by adjusting the parameters of the shallow temperature controller to achieve the simulation of the predetermined reservoir temperature.

[0108] The deep electric heating pipe in the heating system is buried in the deep simulation model 104 and connected to the deep temperature controller. The deep simulation model 104 is heated by adjusting the parameters of the deep temperature controller to achieve the simulation of the predetermined reservoir temperature.

[0109] The shallow temperature sensor in the temperature monitoring system is embedded in the shallow simulation model 102 and connected to the temperature collector via a shallow temperature collection line, so as to realize real-time monitoring of the temperature of each point in the shallow simulation model 102 .

[0110] The deep temperature sensor in the temperature monitoring system is embedded in the deep simulation model 104 and connected to the temperature collector via a deep temperature collection line to achieve real-time monitoring of the temperature of each point in the deep simulation model 104 .

[0111] A deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment method, using the above-mentioned deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment system, is applicable to the working conditions of shallow water production and deep water injection and the working conditions of deep water production and shallow water injection, and includes the following steps:

[0112] S1. Build a simulation experimental system for deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference.

[0113] Specifically, taking the working conditions of shallow water extraction and deep water injection as an example, the sizes of the non-permeable fracture rear baffle 5003, the non-permeable fracture front baffle 5004, the non-permeable fracture top baffle 1054, and the non-permeable fracture bottom baffle 1055 are adjusted to produce a fracture simulation model 105 of a certain length, height, and width.

[0114] Place the fracture simulation model 105 into the middle baffle 500, and adjust the distance between the permeable grid-shaped left baffle 5001 and the permeable grid-shaped right baffle 5002 in the middle baffle 500 so that they can tightly press the fracture simulation model 105, and then adjust the non-permeable slider 5006 in the middle baffle 500 so that it is located within the upper and lower boundary range of the permeable crack 1051.

[0115] According to the height H2 of the non-permeable slider 5006, two interlayer simulation models 103 with a length of L, a height of H2, and widths of Wa and Wb are prefabricated.

[0116] According to the width of the high-pressure sealed housing 101 and the widths Wa and Wb of the two compartment simulation models 103 , the assembly of the intermediate baffle 500 and the crack simulation model 105 is vertically fixed in the high-pressure sealed housing 101 .

[0117] Sand is filled into the hollow high-pressure sealed shell 101. When it reaches a certain height, a deep electric heating pipe is placed and led out from one side of the high-pressure sealed shell 101 to be connected to a deep temperature controller. Sand is continued to be filled in. When it reaches another height, a deep temperature sensor is placed and led out from one side of the high-pressure sealed shell 101, and connected to the temperature collector through a deep temperature collection line. Sand is continued to be filled in to a certain height, a simulated water production wellbore 202 is arranged and led out from one side, and sand is continued to be filled in to reach the lower boundary of the non-permeable slider 5006, and a deep simulation model 104 is formed after compaction.

[0118] Two prefabricated interlayer simulation models 103 with a length of L, a height of H2, and widths of Wa and Wb are placed on the deep layer simulation model 104, respectively located on both sides of the combination of the middle baffle 500 and the crack simulation model 105.

[0119] Fill sand into the high-pressure sealed shell 101 above the interlayer simulation model 103. When it reaches a certain height, place a shallow electric heating pipe and lead it out from one side of the high-pressure sealed shell 101 to connect with a shallow temperature controller. Continue to fill in sand. When it reaches another height, place a shallow temperature sensor and lead it out from one side of the hollow rectangular high-pressure steel body, connect it to the temperature collector through a shallow temperature collection line, continue to fill in sand to a certain height, arrange a simulated water injection wellbore 201 and lead it out from one side, continue to fill in sand to reach the upper boundary of the hollow rectangular high-pressure steel body, and form a shallow simulation model 102 after compaction.

[0120] Connect the water outlet pipeline, throttling control valve 207, and water collection tank 206.

[0121] Connect the flow meter 205 , the water injection pump 204 , the water injection pipeline and the water supply tank 203 .

[0122] The detachable steel cover of the high-pressure sealed housing 101 is connected to the periphery of the opening of the main body of the high-pressure sealed housing 101 by bolts and tightened to complete the assembly of the entire experimental system.

[0123] S2. Open the water injection control system and the water output control system, and use the water injection control system to inject water into the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 through the simulated water injection wellbore 201 to make the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 saturated with water, and close the water injection control system and the water output control system.

[0124] S3. According to the experimental temperature requirements of the shallow and deep layers, the shallow heating device 301 and the deep heating device 302 are controlled by the heating control system to heat the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 to their respective predetermined temperatures.

[0125] The temperature detection system collects temperature values ​​in the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 through the shallow temperature detection device 401 and the deep temperature detection device 402 respectively.

[0126] S4. Turn on the water injection control system and the water output control system, and use the water injection control system to inject water into the shallow simulation model 102 or the deep simulation model 104 according to the set flow rate through the simulated water injection wellbore 201. The temperature detection system collects the temperature values ​​in the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104 through the shallow temperature detection device 401 and the deep temperature detection device 402 respectively.

[0127] S5. Close the water injection control system and the water outlet control system to complete the experiment.

[0128] S6. Repeat step S3 to heat the temperature of the shallow layer simulation model 102 and the temperature of the deep layer simulation model 104 to a predetermined value.

[0129] S7. Change the injection flow rate of the water injection control system, repeat steps S4 and S5, complete the experiment with different flow rates, and obtain the variation law of produced water temperature and reservoir temperature with different injection volumes under the same initial reservoir temperature.

[0130] S8. Change the predetermined temperature of step S3, repeat steps S3 to S7, complete experiments at different temperatures, and obtain the variation rules of produced water temperature and reservoir temperature under different initial reservoir temperatures.

[0131] S9, each time changing the height of the permeable fissure 1051 or the width of the permeable fissure 1051 or the length of the permeable fissure 1051 or the position of the simulated water injection wellbore 201 or the position of the simulated water production wellbore 202, repeating steps S1 to S8, the variation law of the produced water temperature and the reservoir temperature under different permeable fissure heights or different permeable fissure widths or different permeable fissure lengths or different water injection wellbore positions or different water production wellbore positions can be completed. Specifically, the position of the simulated water injection wellbore 201 or the position of the simulated water production wellbore 202 represents the relative positional relationship between the simulated water injection wellbore 201 or the simulated water production wellbore 202 and the permeable fissure 1051.

[0132] The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment method also includes step S10, changing the permeable material composition of the shallow simulation model 102 and the deep simulation model 104, repeating steps S1-S9, and completing the deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment under different permeability conditions.

[0133] Example 2

[0134] like Figure 6 As shown, the difference from Example 1 is that the simulated water injection wellbore 201 and the simulated water production wellbore 202 are located on the same side of the fracture simulation model 105 .

[0135] In addition, the crack simulation model 105 may also be arranged in an inclined manner in the high-pressure sealing housing 101 .

Claims

1. A deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system, characterized by: Including reservoir simulation system, injection and production system, heating system and temperature monitoring system; The reservoir simulation system comprises a high-pressure sealed shell (101), a shallow layer simulation model (102), an interlayer simulation model (103) and a deep layer simulation model (104) which are sequentially arranged in the high-pressure sealed shell (101) from top to bottom, and a fracture simulation model (105) which is vertically arranged in the high-pressure sealed shell (101), wherein the fracture simulation model (105) comprises a permeable fracture (1051) which is connected to the shallow layer simulation model (102) and the deep layer simulation model (104) at its upper and lower ends respectively, and the shallow layer simulation model (102) and the deep layer simulation model (104) are both made of permeable materials; The interlayer simulation model (103) is isolated from the shallow layer simulation model (102), the deep layer simulation model (104) and the fracture simulation model (105). The injection and production system comprises a simulated water injection wellbore (201), a simulated water production wellbore (202), a water injection control system connected to the simulated water injection wellbore (201), and a water output control system connected to the simulated water production wellbore (202); The simulated water injection wellbore (201) is located in the shallow simulation model (102), and the simulated water production wellbore (202) is located in the deep simulation model (104); Or the simulated water injection wellbore (201) is located in the deep simulation model (104), and the simulated water production wellbore (202) is located in the shallow simulation model (102); The heating system comprises a shallow layer heating device (301) arranged in a shallow layer simulation model (102), a deep layer heating device (302) arranged in a deep layer simulation model (104), and a heating control system electrically connected to the shallow layer heating device (301) and the deep layer heating device (302), respectively; The temperature detection system comprises a shallow temperature detection device (401) arranged in a shallow simulation model (102), a deep temperature detection device (402) arranged in a deep simulation model (104), and a temperature detection system connected to the shallow temperature detection device (401) and the deep temperature detection device (402), respectively.

2. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized by: It also includes an intermediate baffle (500) vertically arranged in the high-pressure sealing housing (101), and the crack simulation model (105) is located in the intermediate baffle (500); The intermediate baffle (500) comprises a shallow permeation cavity (501), a non-permeation cavity (502) and a deep permeation cavity (503) which are connected in sequence from top to bottom; A permeable grid-shaped baffle (600) is provided between the shallow layer permeation cavity (501) and the shallow layer simulation model (102), and between the deep layer permeation cavity (503) and the deep layer simulation model (104); The non-permeable cavity (502) corresponds to the barrier simulation model (103), and a non-permeable baffle (700) is arranged between the non-permeable cavity (502) and the barrier simulation model (103).

3. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system according to claim 2 is characterized by: The fracture simulation model (105) further includes an impermeable fracture left baffle (1052), an impermeable fracture right baffle (1053), an impermeable fracture top baffle (1054) and an impermeable fracture bottom baffle (1055); The non-permeable fracture top baffle (1054) and the non-permeable fracture bottom baffle (1055) are spaced apart from each other, and the non-permeable fracture left baffle (1052) and the non-permeable fracture right baffle (1053) are spaced apart from each other; The impermeable fracture left baffle (1052), the impermeable fracture right baffle (1053), the impermeable fracture top baffle (1054) and the impermeable fracture bottom baffle (1055) are spliced ​​together to form a permeable fracture (1051).

4. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The shallow layer simulation model (102) and the deep layer simulation model (104) are respectively filled with sand particles; The interlayer simulation model (103) is filled with non-permeable materials.

5. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water injection control system comprises a water supply tank (203), a water injection pump (204) and a flow meter (205); The water outlet control system comprises a water collecting tank (206) and a throttling control valve (207); The water injection pump (204) and the flow meter (205) are arranged between the water supply tank (203) and the simulated water injection wellbore (201), and the water supply tank (203), the water injection pump (204) and the simulated water injection wellbore (201) are connected by a pipeline; The throttling control valve (207) is arranged between the water collecting tank (206) and the simulated water extraction wellbore (202), and the water collecting tank (206) and the simulated water extraction wellbore (202) are connected by a pipeline.

6. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The simulated water injection wellbore (201) and the simulated water production wellbore (202) are located on the same side of the fracture simulation model (105); Alternatively, the simulated water injection wellbore (201) and the simulated water production wellbore (202) are respectively located on two sides of the fracture simulation model (105).

7. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The shallow layer heating device (301) and the deep layer heating device (302) are electric heating pipelines that are arranged in a horizontal coil.

8. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The shallow temperature detection device (401) and the deep temperature detection device (402) are temperature sensors that are arranged in series on a temperature collection line, and the temperature sensors are arranged at intervals from each other.

9. A method for simulating the production interference of deep and shallow thermal reservoirs, characterized in that: The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental system described in claim 1 is applicable to the working conditions of shallow water production and deep water injection and the working conditions of deep water production and shallow water injection, and includes the following steps: S1. Build a simulation experimental system for deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference; S2, opening the water injection control system and the water output control system, using the water injection control system to inject water into the shallow simulation model (102) and the deep simulation model (104) through the simulated water injection wellbore (201), so that the shallow simulation model (102) and the deep simulation model (104) are saturated with water, and closing the water injection control system and the water output control system; S3, according to the experimental temperature requirements of the shallow layer and the deep layer, using the heating control system to control the shallow layer heating device (301) and the deep layer heating device (302), respectively heating the shallow layer simulation model (102) and the deep layer simulation model (104) to their respective predetermined temperatures; The temperature detection system collects temperature values ​​in the shallow simulation model (102) and the deep simulation model (104) respectively through a shallow temperature detection device (401) and a deep temperature detection device (402); S4, turning on the water injection control system and the water output control system, using the water injection control system to inject water into the shallow simulation model (102) or the deep simulation model (104) according to a set flow rate through the simulated water injection wellbore (201), and the temperature detection system to collect temperature values ​​in the shallow simulation model (102) and the deep simulation model (104) through the shallow temperature detection device (401) and the deep temperature detection device (402); S5, close the water injection control system and the water outlet control system to complete the experiment; S6, repeating step S3 to heat the temperature of the shallow simulation model (102) and the temperature of the deep simulation model (104) to a predetermined value; S7, changing the water injection flow rate of the water injection control system, repeating steps S4 and S5, completing experiments with different flow rates, and obtaining the variation rules of produced water temperature and reservoir temperature with different water injection rates under the same initial reservoir temperature; S8, changing the predetermined temperature of step S3, repeating steps S3 to S7, completing experiments at different temperatures, and obtaining the variation rules of produced water temperature and reservoir temperature under different initial reservoir temperatures; S9. Each time, one of the parameters in the height of the permeability fissure (1051), the width of the permeability fissure (1051), the length of the permeability fissure (1051), the position of the simulated water injection wellbore (201), or the position of the simulated water production wellbore (202) is changed separately, and steps S1 to S8 are repeated to complete the variation pattern of the produced water temperature and the reservoir temperature under different permeability fissure heights, different permeability fissure widths, different permeability fissure lengths, different water injection wellbore positions, or different water production wellbore positions.

10. The deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experimental method according to claim 9 is characterized by: The method also includes step S10, changing the permeable material composition of the shallow simulation model (102) and the deep simulation model (104), and repeating steps S1 to S9 to complete the deep and shallow thermal reservoir production interference simulation experiment under different permeability conditions.

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