Fully-mechanized coal mining striped long-wall strip-type partial paste filling mining method

Abstract

The invention provides a fully-mechanized coal mining striped long-wall strip type partial paste filling mining method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, carrying out theoretical calculation on a mine pressure rule and a bearing pressure distribution rule of a fully mechanized coal mining face before mining, and calculating initial weighting and periodic weighting step pitch of a top plate of the working face, a limit caving step pitch L of the top plate of the working face from a cut hole coal side to a pushing and mining direction of the working face and the width S of a filling body; wherein the width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the overlying strata pressure within the limit caving step range of the top plate trend of the fully mechanized coal mining face. According to the method, coal resources under a building are replaced by utilizing a fully-mechanized mining strip type paste filling process, and regional coal-pillar-free mining is realized; the deformation of the earth surface is controlled within a certain range, so that the safety of buildings and other facilities on the earth surface is ensured, the safety problems of landslide of the gangue hill and the like are avoided, and the local ecological environment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal seam mining, and in particular relates to a fully mechanized longwall strip type partial paste filling mining method. Background Art

[0002] my country has a large amount of coal resources buried under "three unders and one above" (under buildings, under water bodies, under railways and above pressurized water). The most serious of these is the coal buried under buildings, which accounts for 69% of the total coal buried. Among them, the coal buried under villages and buildings is the most serious. These reserves are found in large quantities in areas with concentrated populations, developed economies and large energy demands. The surface movement deformation caused by underground mining causes buildings to be subjected to additional forces such as stretching, compression and bending. When the deformation caused by these additional forces exceeds the allowable deformation of the building, the building will be damaged to varying degrees, and sometimes even collapse. How to safely and economically mine the above-mentioned coal resources has become one of the urgent problems to be solved in coal mining areas.

[0003] At the same time, coal production is accompanied by the discharge of a large amount of solid waste gangue. The traditional way of handling it is to lift it from underground to the surface and pile it up, forming a unique surface feature of coal mines, the "building" gangue mountain. The discharge of gangue poses a great threat and harm to the living environment and conditions of human beings, mainly manifested in: occupying the land; polluting the environment; endangering human safety.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of mining coal under villages and handling gangue underground while ensuring the safety and stability of surface buildings has become a major technical challenge in coal mining.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive mining longwall strip type partial paste filling mining method to solve the above problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention particularly adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a method for longwall strip partial paste filling mining in the direction of comprehensive mining, the method comprising: before mining, firstly carrying out theoretical calculation of the mine pressure law and the support pressure distribution law of the comprehensive mining working face, calculating the initial pressure and periodic pressure step of the working face roof and the maximum collapse step L of the working face roof from the cut-eye coal ridge to the direction of pushing and mining of the working face, and the width S of the filling body, wherein the width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the overlying rock stratum pressure within the range of the maximum collapse step of the comprehensive mining working face roof.

[0009] Preferably, the method also includes: starting from opening the cut, the comprehensive mining working face is advanced forward along the strike direction, coal mining is carried out first, and before the coal mining working face is pushed to the maximum collapse step distance of the working face roof, the filling pipes are arranged in sequence along the inclination direction of the working face by using the filling system to fill the goaf under the protection of the comprehensive mining filling support, and the width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the overlying rock pressure within the maximum collapse step distance of the strike direction of the roof of the comprehensive mining working face, until the comprehensive mining working face is filled in sequence along the inclination direction into a strip-shaped filling body with a width of S, and after the inclined filling body reaches the initial setting strength, the regular cycle operation of this coal mining and filling process is completed.

[0010] It is further preferred that the regular cycle operation of the coal mining and filling process is completed, and then the working face continues to carry out the regular cycle operation of the coal mining and filling process in sequence until the working face mining stops. Several inclined paste strip filling bodies are built in the goaf of the working face to support the weight of the overlying rock strata, ensure that the overlying rock beams and rock strata are not broken, and thus control the surface from settling.

[0011] Optionally, when mining the "three under and one above" coal seams (under a building, under a water body, under a railway, and above pressurized water), the width of the filling strip is S, the roadway height is the same as the thickness of the coal seam, and the spacing between the filling strips is the maximum roof collapse step distance L in the working face pushing and mining direction.

[0012] Preferably, the method is used to replace the mining of coal seams under buildings, including: before the coal seam is mined, the "coal seam-overlying rock stratum" structure is in a stable state, the coal seam supports the overlying rock stratum, and the overlying rock is in a stable state due to the support of the coal seam; after the coal seam is mined, the "coal seam-overlying rock stratum" structure changes, the coal seam is mined, and the filling body is filled into the goaf to form an overall structure of "filling body-overlying rock stratum", and the stability of this structure can ensure the safety of surface buildings and other facilities.

[0013] The present invention utilizes a comprehensive mining longwall strip partial paste filling mining method to replace the mining method of "three under and one above" (under buildings, under water bodies, under railways and above pressurized water) coal seams. The entire mining process is composed of a coal mining system and a filling system. The coal mining system and the filling system are respectively a set of systems. The coal mining system includes a coal transportation and material transportation system in the recovery tunnel and a three-machine supporting system for coal mining on the working face (coal mining machine, scraper conveyor, comprehensive mining paste hydraulic support). The filling system includes an underground paste filling material preparation system, a filling pumping system, a filling pipeline transportation system, a comprehensive mining paste filling support and a filling paste anti-slurry leakage system.

[0014] The comprehensive mining trend longwall strip partial paste filling mining is a partial filling mining technology, which is different from the comprehensive mining trend longwall paste full filling mining: in the comprehensive mining trend longwall strip partial paste filling mining, the theoretical calculation of the mine pressure law and the support pressure distribution law of the comprehensive mining working face is first carried out before mining, and the initial pressure and periodic pressure step of the working face roof and the maximum collapse step L of the working face roof from the cut-eye coal ridge to the direction of the working face pushing and mining and the width S of the filling body are calculated. Among them, the width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the overlying rock pressure within the maximum collapse step range of the comprehensive mining working face roof. Then, starting from the opening of the cut, as the comprehensive mining face moves forward along the strike, coal mining is carried out first. Before the coal mining face is pushed to the limit collapse step of the face roof, the filling system is used to arrange the filling pipes in sequence along the inclination direction of the face to fill the goaf under the protection of the comprehensive mining filling support. The width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the pressure of the overburden stratum within the limit collapse step range of the comprehensive mining face roof until the comprehensive mining face is filled in sequence along the inclination direction into a strip filling body with a width of S. After the inclined filling body reaches the initial setting strength, the regular cycle of this coal mining and filling process is completed, and then the face continues to carry out the above-mentioned regular cycle of coal mining and filling process until the face mining stops. Several inclined paste strip filling bodies are built in the goaf of the face to support the weight of the overburden stratum, to ensure that the overburden stratum is not broken, so as to control the surface from settling.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0016] The present invention utilizes the comprehensive mining strip paste filling process to replace the coal resources under the building, and realizes the regional pillar-free mining; controls the deformation of the surface within a certain range to ensure the safety of the surface buildings and other facilities; the coal gangue of the coal mine is about 15% of the coal mining volume; relative to the full filling mining, the coal gangue of the coal mine itself is not enough to ensure the amount of coal gangue for the full filling mining, and the demand for partial filling mining is much smaller, which is more suitable for coal mines; the coal gangue cemented strip filling solves the problem of gangue occupying a large amount of arable land brought about by coal mine production, eliminates the acid rain hazard caused by gangue in the process of wind and rain, solves the safety problems such as landslide of gangue mountain, and improves the local ecological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1A schematic plan view of the process flow of the method provided by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic cross-sectional diagram of the process flow of the method provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure numerals: 1 - solid coal; 2 - goaf; 3 - filling strip. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] The comprehensive mining long wall strip partial paste filling process provided by the present invention is mainly used to solve the mining of compressed coal under the village and the underground treatment of gangue, so as to achieve the purpose of green mining. The following is a further description of the example of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1 As shown, during strip filling mining, starting from the opening of the cut, as the fully mechanized mining face advances forward, behind the coal mining face, the back of the coal mining face uses the filling body to partially fill the goaf 2 along the advancing direction of the working face, filling it into a strip shape 1, and the filling body is used to support the weight of the overlying rock layer to control the surface settlement. A filling strip with a width of S is constructed every L along the direction of the working face layout, and the height of the filling strip is the same as the thickness of the solid coal layer 1. Its cross-sectional schematic diagram is shown in Figure 2 shown.

[0024] The present invention designs a comprehensive mining longwall strip partial paste filling process. The entire mining process is composed of a coal mining system and a filling system. The coal mining system and the filling system are respectively a set of systems. The coal mining system includes a coal transportation and material transportation system in the recovery tunnel and a three-machine supporting system for coal mining on the working face (coal mining machine, scraper conveyor, comprehensive mining paste hydraulic support). The filling system includes an underground paste filling material preparation system, a filling pumping system, a filling pipeline transportation system, a comprehensive mining paste filling support and a filling paste anti-slurry leakage system.

[0025] The layout and mining and filling sequence of the long wall strip type partial paste filling process in the fully mechanized mining direction are as follows: Figure 1As shown, during mining, starting from the opening of the cut, the fully-mechanized mining face advances forward along the strike direction, and coal mining is carried out first. Before the coal mining face is pushed to the limit collapse step distance of the working face roof, the filling pipes are arranged in sequence along the inclination direction of the working face using the filling system to fill the goaf under the protection of the fully-mechanized mining filling support. The width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the overburden stratum pressure within the limit collapse step distance of the fully-mechanized mining face roof strike, until the fully-mechanized mining face is filled in sequence along the inclination direction into a strip-shaped filling body with a width of S. After the inclined filling body reaches the initial setting strength, the regular cycle of this coal mining and filling process is completed. After completing the regular cycle of this coal mining and filling process, the working face continues to carry out the above-mentioned regular cycle of coal mining and filling process in sequence until the mining of the working face is stopped. Replace the filling paste with coal to improve the recovery rate of the covered coal resources.

[0026] The strip-type paste partial filling process for the comprehensive mining longwall provided by the present invention is a green mining technology, which reduces the pressure of coal resources under "three unders and one above" (under buildings, under water bodies, under railways and above pressurized water) and improves the recovery rate of coal resources; compared with the full filling of the comprehensive mining longwall, it simplifies the process flow, saves filling materials and costs, and improves work efficiency; on the one hand, this mining technology reduces the emission of waste such as gangue and effectively utilizes waste such as gangue; on the other hand, it slows down the surface subsidence caused by mining, which meets the requirements of economic environmental protection and green mining of coal mines.

[0027] Please note that the technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification. The above embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this field, without departing from the concept of the present application, several variations and improvements can be made, which all belong to the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent in this application shall be based on the attached claims.

Claims

1. A fully mechanized longwall strip type partial paste filling mining method, characterized in that: The method includes: before mining, firstly, theoretical calculations are performed on the mine pressure law and the support pressure distribution law of the fully-mechanized mining working face, and the initial pressure and periodic pressure steps of the working face roof and the maximum collapse step L of the working face roof from the cut-eye coal ridge to the working face in the mining direction and the width S of the filling body are calculated, wherein the width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the overlying rock stratum pressure within the maximum collapse step range of the fully-mechanized mining working face roof.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method also includes: starting from the opening of the cutting eye, the comprehensive mining working face is advanced forward along the strike direction, coal mining is carried out first, and before the coal mining working face is pushed to the maximum collapse step distance of the working face roof, the filling pipes are arranged in sequence along the inclination direction of the working face by using the filling system to fill the goaf under the protection of the comprehensive mining filling support, and the width S of the filling body needs to be calculated according to the overlying rock pressure within the maximum collapse step distance of the strike direction of the comprehensive mining working face roof, until the comprehensive mining working face is filled in sequence along the inclination direction into a strip-shaped filling body with a width of S, and after the inclined filling body reaches the initial setting strength, the regular cycle operation of this coal mining and filling process is completed.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that After the regular cycle of coal mining and filling process is completed, the working face continues to carry out the regular cycle of coal mining and filling process until the working face stops mining. Several inclined paste strips are built in the goaf of the working face to support the weight of the overlying rock strata, ensure that the overlying rock beams are not broken, and thus control the surface from settling.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When mining the "three under one and one above" coal seams (under buildings, under water bodies, under railways and above pressurized water), the width of the filling strip is S, the roadway height is the same as the thickness of the coal seam, and the spacing between the filling strips is the maximum roof collapse step distance L in the working face pushing and mining direction.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The method is used to replace the mining of coal seams under buildings, including: before the coal seam is mined, the "coal seam-overlying rock layer" structure is in a stable state, the coal seam supports the overlying rock layer, and the overlying rock is in a stable state due to the support of the coal seam; after the coal seam is mined, the "coal seam-overlying rock layer" structure changes, the coal seam is mined, and the filling body is filled into the goaf to form an overall structure of "filling body-overlying rock layer", and the stability of this structure can ensure the safety of surface buildings and other facilities.

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