Surface water sampling port position-adjustable sampling device and control method

Abstract

According to the surface water sampling port position adjustable sampling device and the control method, the device comprises a buoy body used for providing buoyancy, a sampling mechanism used for collecting a water sample and a control mechanism used for monitoring water quality parameters and controlling the operation posture of the sampling mechanism, and the sampling mechanism comprises a sampling pipe, a telescopic rod and a rotating assembly; through cooperation of the telescopic rod and the rotating assembly, flexible and accurate adjustment of the sampling opening in the water depth and the horizontal direction is achieved, and accurate sampling is conducted according to the water quality distribution characteristics; the control method comprises the steps of initialization and self-inspection, sending of a control instruction, analysis of the instruction and calculation of action parameters, control of operation postures of the telescopic rod and the rotating assembly, collection of a water sample and monitoring of water quality parameters, analysis of the water quality parameters and returning to an initial state, and the whole sampling process is automatically completed by the control mechanism. Water quality parameters are compensated through calculation of correction factors, and the accuracy of water quality detection is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of surface water monitoring, and in particular to a sampling device with an adjustable surface water sampling port position and a control method. Background Art

[0002] Water quality monitoring of surface water bodies plays a key role in many fields such as ecological protection, water resources management and scientific research. The data obtained from monitoring is not only crucial for environmental assessment and pollution control, but also provides the necessary scientific basis for the rational allocation and effective use of water resources. Therefore, the accuracy and efficiency of surface water sampling technology directly affect the results and quality of water quality monitoring. Although surface water sampling technology has made some progress, there are still some problems that need to be solved. Traditional sampling equipment usually adopts a fixed design or requires manual adjustment, which makes it difficult to flexibly change the position of the sampling port. In the face of the complexity and variability of the water environment, this design is often difficult to adapt to the differences in water quality at different depths and horizontal directions, which may result in the sampling results not fully reflecting the true condition of the water body. In addition, manually adjusting the position of the sampling port not only increases the complexity and labor intensity of the operation, but also may cause human errors and affect the accuracy of the data.

[0003] In view of these limitations of the existing technology, developing a new surface water sampling device and method that can flexibly adjust the sampling port position, is simple to operate and has high sampling accuracy has become an urgent problem that needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies mentioned in the above technical background, an object of the present invention is to provide a sampling device and a control method with adjustable position of a surface water sampling port.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] A sampling device with an adjustable surface water sampling port position, comprising a buoy body for providing buoyancy, a sampling mechanism for collecting water samples, and a control mechanism for monitoring water quality parameters and controlling the operating posture of the sampling mechanism, wherein the sampling mechanism and the control mechanism are arranged in parallel below the buoy body, and the control mechanism is electrically connected to the sampling mechanism and the buoy body;

[0007] The sampling mechanism includes a sampling tube, a telescopic rod and a rotating assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is arranged on the buoy body, the upper end of the telescopic rod cooperates with the lower end of the rotating assembly, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is detachably connected to the upper end of the sampling tube;

[0008] The control mechanism includes a water quality sensor, a control module and a power module. The control module and the power module are arranged inside the buoy body. The water quality sensor is arranged below the buoy body and monitors water quality parameters in real time and feeds back to the control module.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the buoy body includes a medium and a shell, the medium material is a lightweight and high-density foam, and the shell material is a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant polymer material.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water quality sensor includes a temperature sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the control mechanism further includes a position sensor for monitoring the position of the sampling tube in real time and an angle sensor for monitoring the angle of the sampling tube in real time.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sampling device also includes a central control mechanism, a communication component and a transmission pipeline. The central control mechanism is arranged on the shore and sends instructions to the control module through the communication component. The built-in execution component of the control module drives the telescopic rod and the rotating component to make corresponding responses according to the instructions. The transmission pipeline is arranged between the sampling tube and the central control mechanism for transmitting water samples.

[0013] Furthermore, the actuator assembly includes an electric push rod that drives the telescopic rod to perform telescopic movement and a servo motor that drives the rotating assembly to perform rotational movement.

[0014] Furthermore, the sampling port of the sampling tube is provided with a water temperature detection device and a pH detection device for detecting the water temperature and pH value of the sampling port.

[0015] The present invention provides a surface water sampling control method with adjustable sampling port position, comprising the following steps:

[0016] S100 initialization and self-check: start the power module, the control module performs a self-check on the sampling mechanism and the water quality sensor, and initializes the data of the position sensor and the angle sensor;

[0017] S200 issues a control instruction: the central control mechanism sends an instruction to the control module through the communication component, the instruction including the target position, sampling time and sampling frequency of the sampling tube;

[0018] S300: parsing the instruction and calculating the action parameters: the control module parses the instruction and calculates the target length of the telescopic rod and the target angle of the rotating component according to the target position;

[0019] S400 controls the operating posture of the telescopic rod and the rotating assembly: the electric push rod drives the telescopic rod to perform telescopic movement according to the instruction until the target length is reached; the servo motor drives the rotating assembly to perform rotational movement according to the instruction until the target angle is reached; the actual position and angle of the sampling tube are monitored in real time through the position sensor and the angle sensor;

[0020] S500 collects water samples and monitors water quality parameters: when the sampling tube reaches the target position, the control module issues a collection instruction and a detection instruction, the sampling tube collects water samples according to the collection instruction, transmits the water samples to the central control mechanism through the transmission pipeline for detection and analysis, and obtains water quality parameter x1; the water quality sensor performs water quality detection according to the detection instruction and obtains water quality parameter x2, and transmits the water quality parameter x2 to the central control mechanism through the communication module to form a water quality set U;

[0021] The central control mechanism determines the water quality parameter x2 and the average value of the water quality parameter of the water quality set U. The sampling time and the sampling frequency are dynamically adjusted;

[0022] S600 Analyze water quality parameters: the central control mechanism analyzes the difference between the water quality parameter x1 and the water quality parameter x2, and the operator makes adjustment measures according to the difference;

[0023] When |x1-x2|≤x', the water quality sensor works normally and no adjustment is required;

[0024] When |x1-x2|>x', the water quality sensor is malfunctioning, and the water quality sensor is replaced or recalibrated;

[0025] Wherein, x' is the allowable error value of the water quality sensor;

[0026] S700 returns to the initial state: After the sampling is completed, the control module drives the telescopic rod and the rotating assembly to return to the initial state, and issues a stop command to control the sampling tube and the water quality sensor to stop working. The sampling device enters the standby state, waiting for the central control mechanism to issue the next command, and repeats the above steps S100 to S600.

[0027] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, if an abnormal situation occurs in steps S200 to S700, the control module issues an alarm and stops the current action, automatically records the abnormal data and transmits it to the central control mechanism for analysis through the communication component.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, step S500 also includes a compensation process for the water quality parameters. The water quality parameters x2 and x1 are affected by the flow rate, the diameter and length of the sampling tube, and the temperature during the transmission process, so the water quality parameters should be compensated;

[0029] Dissolved oxygen compensation satisfies the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] DO=k1·DO'

[0032] Wherein, α1, α2, α3, α4 are adjustment coefficients of the dissolved oxygen compensation formula, k1 is the dissolved oxygen correction factor, ΔT is the difference between the water temperature at the water quality sensor and the water temperature at the sampling port of the sampling tube, L is the target length of the sampling tube, R is the diameter of the sampling tube, v is the flow rate of the water sample in the sampling tube, DO is the dissolved oxygen content value after compensation, and DO' is the actual dissolved oxygen content value measured by the dissolved oxygen sensor;

[0033] pH compensation satisfies the following formula:

[0034] k2=β1·T1 2 -β2·T1+β3

[0035] pH=pH'+K2

[0036] Wherein, β1, β2, β3 are adjustment coefficients of the pH value compensation formula, k2 is the pH value correction factor, T1 is the water temperature at the water quality sensor, pH is the compensated pH value, and pH' is the actual pH value measured by the pH sensor;

[0037] Temperature compensation satisfies the following formula:

[0038]

[0039]

[0040] T=T'-K3

[0041] Among them, h f is the friction loss of the sampling tube, f is the friction coefficient, L is the target length of the sampling tube, R is the diameter of the sampling tube, v is the flow rate of the water sample in the sampling tube, and g is the gravitational acceleration, which is 9.81 m / s 2 , k3 is the temperature correction factor, ρ is the density of the liquid in the sampling tube, c p is the specific heat capacity of the liquid in the sampling tube, m is the mass of the liquid in the sampling tube, T is the compensated temperature value, and T' is the actual temperature value measured by the temperature sensor.

[0042] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] 1. The position of the sampling tube of the present invention can be flexibly and accurately adjusted in water depth and horizontal direction through the coordinated cooperation of the telescopic rod and the rotating assembly, avoiding errors caused by human operation, and can quickly adapt to various complex water environments. Accurate sampling can be performed according to the water quality distribution characteristics. Whether it is necessary to go deep into the bottom of a river or lake or close to the water surface, the position of the sampling port can be adjusted through simple operations, which greatly improves the accuracy and efficiency of sampling, and provides more reliable surface water quality monitoring data support for the fields of ecological environment protection, water resources management and scientific research.

[0044] 2. Through the combination of an intelligent central control mechanism and a control module, water samples at the target location can be quickly collected and water quality monitoring can be performed on the in-situ water body according to operating instructions. The operator remotely monitors the entire sampling and monitoring process at the central control mechanism, which not only reduces the frequency of manual sampling and monitoring and reduces safety risks, but also greatly improves the ease of operation and work efficiency.

[0045] 3. The central control agency compares and analyzes the water quality parameter x1 of the collected water sample with the water quality parameter x2 of the in-situ water body, identifies abnormal conditions that occur during the monitoring process, and makes timely adjustment measures based on the analysis results, thereby improving the representativeness and accuracy of water quality monitoring data and simplifying maintenance and calibration work. Based on the analysis results of the water quality parameter x2 and the water quality set U obtained through real-time monitoring, the sampling time and frequency are dynamically adjusted to optimize the sampling strategy.

[0046] 4. By calculating the correction factor and compensating for dissolved oxygen, pH value and temperature parameters, the measurement error caused by changes in environmental conditions can be effectively corrected to ensure the accuracy of water quality parameter measurement, reduce the number of adjustments and maintenance costs in continuous monitoring and control, ensure that the water quality data obtained under different environmental conditions are comparable, enhance the reliability of the data, and more accurately evaluate the water quality status.

[0047] 5. The buoy body uses lightweight high-density foam as a medium to reduce the overall weight, thereby reducing the power demand. The electric push rod and servo motor as actuators not only respond quickly, but also stop working after completing the specified action, effectively avoiding the waste of electricity caused by continuous operation. The device sets the reference value for the position sensor and angle sensor during the initialization process, which greatly reduces the calculation burden and power consumption during operation, thereby reducing power consumption, so that the device can still maintain a stable and lasting working state when facing power supply restrictions in field use scenarios, effectively overcoming the challenge of power difficulties. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of a sampling device of the present invention in which the position of the surface water sampling port can be adjusted;

[0049] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the linkage between the central control mechanism and the buoy body of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 3 It is a flow chart of the sampling control method of the present invention in which the position of the surface water sampling port can be adjusted;

[0051] Among them: 1-buoy body, 2-sampling mechanism, 20-sampling tube, 21-telescopic rod, 22-rotating component, 3-control mechanism, 30-water quality sensor, 31-control module, 32-power module, 4-central control mechanism, 5-communication component, 6-transmission pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments given here are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the present invention.

[0053] It should be noted that many specific details are set forth in the following description to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also have other implementations and variations thereof. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, a sampling device with an adjustable surface water sampling port position comprises a buoy body 1 for providing buoyancy, a sampling mechanism 2 for collecting water samples, and a control mechanism 3 for monitoring water quality parameters and controlling the operating posture of the sampling mechanism 2. The sampling mechanism 2 and the control mechanism 3 are arranged in parallel below the buoy body 1, and the control mechanism 3 is electrically connected to the sampling mechanism 2 and the buoy body 1;

[0055] The sampling mechanism 2 includes a sampling tube 20, a telescopic rod 21 and a rotating assembly 22. The rotating assembly 22 is arranged on the buoy body 1. The upper end of the telescopic rod 21 matches with the lower end of the rotating assembly 22. The lower end of the telescopic rod 21 is detachably connected to the upper end of the sampling tube 20.

[0056] The control mechanism 3 includes a water quality sensor 30 , a control module 31 and a power module 32 . The control module 31 and the power module 32 are arranged inside the buoy body 1 . The water quality sensor 30 is arranged below the buoy body 1 and monitors water quality parameters in real time and feeds back to the control module 31 .

[0057] The sampling device of the present invention integrates advanced precision mechanical structure and electric control system. The control mechanism 3 drives the telescopic rod 21 and the rotating assembly 22 to deform, so as to realize the precise adjustment of the sampling tube 20 in the water depth and horizontal direction. It not only improves the ease of operation, but also significantly improves the representativeness and accuracy of water quality monitoring data, and solves the problems of inconvenient adjustment of the sampling port position, complicated operation and low sampling accuracy in the existing surface water sampling technology.

[0058] In some embodiments, the buoy body 1 includes a medium and a shell. The buoy body 1, as the carrier of the entire sampling device, needs to meet the needs of different water environments and is required to have anti-corrosion, anti-wear and other properties to ensure the long-term stable operation of the device. Therefore, in order to ensure good floatation and stability, the medium material is a lightweight and high-density foam to ensure that the buoy can maintain a stable floating state in any water environment. In order to cope with the erosion of different water environments, the shell material is a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant polymer material. Its powerful protective properties can effectively resist the erosion of the external environment and various physical wear, ensuring that the buoy remains in good condition for a long time in the complex and changeable marine environment, showing excellent durability and reliability. It combines lightweight and durability to ensure that the buoy can not only stably and reliably float on the water surface when performing important tasks such as monitoring and navigation, but also effectively cope with the challenges of various harsh environments.

[0059] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water quality sensor 30 includes a temperature sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and a pH sensor.

[0060] The water quality sensor 30 monitors water quality parameters in real time and feeds back the data to the control mechanism 3 in real time. The operator can view the real-time data through the control interface and adjust the sampling strategy as needed to further improve the convenience and efficiency of the operation.

[0061] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control mechanism 3 further includes a position sensor for monitoring the position of the sampling tube 20 in real time and an angle sensor for monitoring the angle of the sampling tube 20 in real time.

[0062] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sampling device also includes a central control mechanism 4, a communication component 5 and a transmission pipeline 6. The central control mechanism 4 is arranged on the shore and sends instructions to the control module 31 through the communication component 5. The built-in execution component of the control module 31 drives the telescopic rod 21 and the rotating component 22 to make corresponding responses according to the instructions. The transmission pipeline 6 is arranged between the sampling tube 20 and the central control mechanism 4 for transmitting water samples.

[0063] The central control unit 4 serves as the core control unit and can uniformly manage and send instructions to the control module 31, thereby realizing centralized control of the sampling process, timely adjusting the sampling strategy according to real-time water quality parameters, and ensuring the timeliness and dynamism of water quality monitoring; the execution component automatically adjusts the telescopic rod 21 and the rotating component 22 according to the instructions of the central control unit 4, thereby reducing manual intervention and improving the degree of automation of sampling.

[0064] Furthermore, the actuator assembly includes an electric push rod that drives the telescopic rod 21 to perform telescopic movement and a servo motor that drives the rotating assembly 22 to perform rotational movement.

[0065] The sampling port of the sampling tube 20 is provided with a water temperature detection device (not shown) and a pH detection device (not shown) for detecting the water temperature and pH value of the sampling port.

[0066] In this embodiment, the sampling tube 20 is made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant material to ensure that the performance can be maintained under various environmental conditions. The inner wall is processed to be smooth and fluent, which reduces the friction between the water sample and the tube wall during the collection process, and avoids any form of contamination of the water sample, thereby ensuring the purity and accuracy of the sampling; the telescopic rod 21 is made of high-strength alloy material with good tensile strength and stability, and realizes flexible telescopic movement through an electric push rod to adapt to the sampling needs of different water depths; the rotating component 22 realizes 360-degree rotation of the sampling tube 20 on the horizontal plane through a servo motor, so that the sampling tube 20 can cover various areas of the water body, whether it is tracking and sampling the water flow in a specific direction or conducting a comprehensive monitoring of the underwater environment, it can be easily achieved, meeting the strict requirements of modern water sampling for efficiency, accuracy and pollution-free.

[0067] The working principle of a sampling device with adjustable surface water sampling port position of the present invention is as follows: the central control mechanism 4 sends instructions to the control module 31 according to the preset sampling requirements, and the actuator drives the telescopic rod 21 to perform telescopic movement and drives the rotating component 22 to perform rotational movement according to the target action parameters analyzed and calculated by the control module 31 until the requirements are met. When the sampling tube 20 reaches the predetermined position, the control module 31 activates the collection instruction, and the water sample is sent to the central control mechanism 4 for analysis through the transmission pipeline 6. At the same time, the water quality sensor 30 performs real-time monitoring and transmits the data back to the central control mechanism 4 to form a water quality data set U, compares and analyzes the differences in water quality parameters, adjusts the sampling strategy, and ensures the accuracy and timeliness of water quality monitoring. In addition, the sampling device also includes an abnormality detection and response mechanism, which can issue an alarm and automatically stop the current operation when an abnormality occurs, record the abnormal data and send it to the central control mechanism 4 for further analysis. The design of the entire system improves the automation, accuracy and convenience of sampling, improves the accuracy and representativeness of the sampling data, and provides more reliable surface water quality monitoring data support for the fields of ecological environment protection, water resources management and scientific research.

[0068] like Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a sampling control method with adjustable surface water sampling port position, comprising the following steps:

[0069] S100 initialization and self-check: start the power module 32, the control module 31 performs self-check on the sampling mechanism 2 and the water quality sensor 30, and initializes the data of the position sensor and the angle sensor;

[0070] S200 issues a control instruction: the central control mechanism 4 sends an instruction to the control module 31 via the communication component 5, the instruction including the target position, sampling time and sampling frequency of the sampling tube 20;

[0071] S300 parses the instruction and calculates the action parameters: the control module 31 parses the instruction and calculates the target length of the telescopic rod 21 and the target angle of the rotating component 22 according to the target position;

[0072] S400 controls the operating posture of the telescopic rod 21 and the rotating assembly 22: the electric push rod drives the telescopic rod 21 to perform telescopic movement according to the instruction until the target length is reached; the servo motor drives the rotating assembly 22 to perform rotational movement according to the instruction until the target angle is reached; the actual position and angle of the sampling tube 20 are monitored in real time through the position sensor and the angle sensor;

[0073] S500 collects water samples and monitors water quality parameters: when the sampling tube 20 reaches the target position, the control module 31 issues a collection instruction and a detection instruction, the sampling tube 20 collects water samples according to the collection instruction, transmits the water samples to the central control mechanism 4 through the transmission pipeline 6 for detection and analysis, and obtains the water quality parameter x1; the water quality sensor 30 performs water quality detection according to the detection instruction and obtains the water quality parameter x2, and transmits the water quality parameter x2 to the central control mechanism 4 through the communication module to form a water quality set U;

[0074] The central control cabinet 4 calculates the average value of the water quality parameter x2 and the water quality parameter of the water quality set U The difference between the sampling time and sampling frequency is dynamically adjusted;

[0075] The functions of water sampling and water quality monitoring are integrated. The water samples collected by the sampling tube 20 and the data detected by the water quality sensor 30 verify each other, which improves the reliability of water quality monitoring, improves the efficiency of sampling and the comprehensiveness of water quality assessment. Centralized data management is conducive to long-term monitoring and trend analysis.

[0076] By analyzing the difference between real-time water quality parameters and the average value, specific water quality issues can be monitored in a targeted manner. The water environment may change due to factors such as season and climate. Dynamic adjustment of sampling strategies can adapt to these changes, ensure the representativeness of monitoring data, avoid oversampling when water quality is stable, and reduce unnecessary costs.

[0077] S600 Analyze water quality parameters: The central control unit 4 analyzes the difference between the water quality parameter x1 and the water quality parameter x2, and the operator makes adjustment measures according to the difference;

[0078] When |x1-x2|≤x', the water quality sensor 30 works normally and no adjustment is required;

[0079] When |x1-x2|>x', the water quality sensor 30 is malfunctioning, and the water quality sensor 30 should be replaced or recalibrated;

[0080] Wherein, x' is the allowable error value of the water quality sensor 30;

[0081] Comparative analysis of the difference between x1 and x2 provides the operator with direct feedback on the performance of the water quality sensor 30, allowing for timely adjustment or calibration to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring data.

[0082] S700 returns to the initial state: After the sampling is completed, the control module 31 drives the telescopic rod 21 and the rotating assembly 22 to return to the initial state, and issues a stop command to control the sampling tube 20 and the water quality sensor 30 to stop working. The sampling device enters the standby state, waiting for the central control mechanism 4 to issue the next command, and repeats the above steps S200 to S600.

[0083] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if an abnormal situation occurs in steps S100 to S700, the control module 31 issues an alarm and stops the current action, automatically records the abnormal data and transmits it to the central control mechanism 4 through the communication component 5 for analysis.

[0084] The system can detect and respond to abnormal situations in real time, quickly stop the current action, and avoid accidents that may cause damage to personnel or equipment. It enhances the system's adaptability and robustness to abnormal situations and reduces potential economic losses.

[0085] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S500 also includes a water quality parameter compensation process. The water quality parameters x2 and x1 are affected by the flow rate, the diameter and length of the sampling tube 20, and the temperature during the transmission process. Therefore, the water quality parameters should be compensated.

[0086] Dissolved oxygen compensation satisfies the following formula:

[0087]

[0088] DO=k1·DO'

[0089] Among them, α1, α2, α3, and α4 are adjustment coefficients of the dissolved oxygen compensation formula, k1 is the dissolved oxygen correction factor, ΔT is the difference between the water temperature at the water quality sensor 30 and the water temperature at the sampling port of the sampling tube 20, L is the target length of the sampling tube 20, R is the diameter of the sampling tube 20, v is the flow rate of the water sample in the sampling tube 20, DO is the dissolved oxygen content value after compensation, and DO' is the actual dissolved oxygen content value measured by the dissolved oxygen sensor;

[0090] A higher flow rate v accelerates the dissolution of oxygen in the air into the liquid, increases the contact between the liquid and the air, and causes the measured dissolved oxygen content to be higher. Therefore, the flow rate v is inversely proportional to the dissolved oxygen correction factor. When the length L and the diameter R of the sampling tube 20 are larger, the contact area between the liquid and the air during the transmission process is increased, resulting in a higher detected dissolved oxygen content. Therefore, the length L and the diameter R of the sampling tube 20 are inversely proportional to the dissolved oxygen correction factor. In the process of the water sample passing through the sampling tube 20 and entering the sampling device for water quality testing, the temperature of the water sample will increase, the movement of water molecules will be accelerated, and the distance between molecules will be reduced, resulting in a decrease in the ability to dissolve oxygen. Therefore, ΔT is proportional to the dissolved oxygen correction factor. In a certain batch of surface water quality monitoring work, the diameter and flow rate v of the sampling tube 20 of the sampling device are usually fixed. The difference between the water temperature at the water quality sensor 30 and the water temperature at the sampling port of the sampling tube 20 is relatively constant due to the fixed power of the sampling device and the water temperature change caused by the heat generated by the equipment. Therefore, ΔT is relatively constant. Therefore, the dissolved oxygen compensation formula of the sampling device with adjustable surface water sampling port position is mainly adjusted according to the target length of the sampling tube 20 to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0091] pH compensation satisfies the following formula:

[0092] k2=β1·T1 2 -β2·T1+β3

[0093] pH=K2+pH'

[0094] Among them, β1, β2, and β3 are adjustment coefficients of the pH value compensation formula, k2 is the pH value correction factor, T1 is the water temperature at the water quality sensor 30, pH is the compensated pH value, and pH' is the actual pH value measured by the pH sensor;

[0095] The pH compensation formula takes into account the nonlinear and linear effects of temperature, as well as a constant compensation term, to ensure accurate pH measurements at different temperatures.

[0096] Temperature compensation satisfies the following formula:

[0097]

[0098]

[0099] T=T'-K3

[0100] Among them, h f is the friction loss of the sampling tube 20, f is the friction coefficient, L is the target length of the sampling tube 20, R is the diameter of the sampling tube 20, v is the flow rate of the water sample in the sampling tube 20, and g is the gravitational acceleration, which is 9.81 m / s 2 , k3 is the temperature correction factor, ρ is the density of the liquid in the sampling tube 20, c p is the specific heat capacity of the liquid in the sampling tube 20, m is the mass of the liquid in the sampling tube 20, T is the compensated temperature value, and T' is the actual temperature value measured by the temperature sensor.

[0101] The larger the friction coefficient f, the higher the roughness of the inner wall of the pipe or the more turbulent the flow, resulting in greater friction loss, thereby generating more heat and a larger temperature correction factor k3; the longer the target length L of the sampling tube 20, the longer the friction distance of the water flow, the more heat is generated, and the larger the temperature correction factor k3; when the friction coefficient f is constant, the larger the pipe diameter R, the greater the friction loss h f The smaller the flow rate v, the less heat is generated and the smaller the temperature correction factor k3 is; the faster the flow rate v, the greater the friction loss h f The larger it is, the more heat is generated and the larger the temperature correction factor k3 is.

[0102] It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are one or more embodiments of the present invention, and there are many other embodiments and variations thereof based on the present invention; the variations and modifications made by ordinary technicians in this industry through the present invention without making pioneering innovations all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surface water sampling device with adjustable sampling port position, characterized in that: It includes a buoy body for providing buoyancy, a sampling mechanism for collecting water samples, and a control mechanism for monitoring water quality parameters and controlling the operating posture of the sampling mechanism. The sampling mechanism and the control mechanism are arranged in parallel below the buoy body, and the control mechanism is electrically connected to the sampling mechanism and the buoy body; The sampling mechanism includes a sampling tube, a telescopic rod and a rotating assembly, wherein the rotating assembly is arranged on the buoy body, the upper end of the telescopic rod cooperates with the lower end of the rotating assembly, and the lower end of the telescopic rod is detachably connected to the upper end of the sampling tube; The control mechanism includes a water quality sensor, a control module and a power module. The control module and the power module are arranged inside the buoy body. The water quality sensor is arranged below the buoy body and monitors water quality parameters in real time and feeds back to the control module.

2. A surface water sampling device with adjustable sampling port position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buoy body comprises a medium and a shell. The medium material is a lightweight and high-density foam, and the shell material is a corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant polymer material.

3. A surface water sampling device with adjustable sampling port position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water quality sensor includes a temperature sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor.

4. A surface water sampling device with adjustable sampling port position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control mechanism also includes a position sensor for monitoring the position of the sampling tube in real time and an angle sensor for monitoring the angle of the sampling tube in real time.

5. A surface water sampling device with adjustable sampling port position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling device also includes a central control mechanism, a communication component and a transmission pipeline. The central control mechanism is arranged on the shore and sends instructions to the control module through the communication component. The built-in execution component of the control module drives the telescopic rod and the rotating component to make corresponding responses according to the instructions. The transmission pipeline is arranged between the sampling tube and the central control mechanism for transmitting water samples.

6. A sampling device with adjustable surface water sampling port position according to claim 5, characterized in that: The execution assembly includes an electric push rod for driving the telescopic rod to perform telescopic motion and a servo motor for driving the rotating assembly to perform rotational motion.

7. A surface water sampling device with adjustable sampling port position according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling port of the sampling tube is provided with a water temperature detection device and a PH detection device for detecting the water temperature and PH value of the sampling port.

8. A surface water sampling control method with adjustable sampling port position according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S100 initialization and self-check: start the power module, the control module performs a self-check on the sampling mechanism and the water quality sensor, and initializes the data of the position sensor and the angle sensor; S200 issues a control instruction: the central control mechanism sends an instruction to the control module through the communication component, the instruction including the target position, sampling time and sampling frequency of the sampling tube; S300: parsing the instruction and calculating the action parameters: the control module parses the instruction and calculates the target length of the telescopic rod and the target angle of the rotating component according to the target position; S400 controls the operating postures of the telescopic rod and the rotating assembly: the electric push rod drives the telescopic rod to perform telescopic movement according to the instruction until the target length is reached; The servo motor drives the rotating assembly to rotate according to the instruction until the target angle is reached; the actual position and angle of the sampling tube are monitored in real time through the position sensor and the angle sensor; S500 collects water samples and monitors water quality parameters: when the sampling tube reaches the target position, the control module issues a collection instruction and a detection instruction, the sampling tube collects water samples according to the collection instruction, transmits the water samples to the central control mechanism through the transmission pipeline for detection and analysis, and obtains water quality parameter x1; the water quality sensor performs water quality detection according to the detection instruction and obtains water quality parameter x2, and transmits the water quality parameter x2 to the central control mechanism through the communication module to form a water quality set U; The central control mechanism determines the water quality parameter x2 and the average value of the water quality parameter of the water quality set U. The sampling time and the sampling frequency are dynamically adjusted; S600 Analyze water quality parameters: the central control mechanism analyzes the difference between the water quality parameter x1 and the water quality parameter x2, and the operator makes adjustment measures according to the difference; When |x1-x2|≤x', the water quality sensor works normally and no adjustment is required; When |x1-x2|>x', the water quality sensor is malfunctioning, and the water quality sensor is replaced or recalibrated; Wherein, x' is the allowable error value of the water quality sensor; S700 returns to the initial state: After the sampling is completed, the control module drives the telescopic rod and the rotating assembly to return to the initial state, and issues a stop command to control the sampling tube and the water quality sensor to stop working. The sampling device enters the standby state, waiting for the central control mechanism to issue the next command, and repeats the above steps S100 to S600.

9. A surface water sampling control method with adjustable sampling port position according to claim 8, characterized in that: If an abnormal situation occurs in steps S200 to S700, the control module issues an alarm and stops the current action, automatically records the abnormal data and transmits it to the central control mechanism for analysis through the communication component.

10. A surface water sampling control method with adjustable sampling port position according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S500 also includes a water quality parameter compensation process. The water quality parameter x2 and the water quality parameter x1 are affected by the flow rate, the diameter and length of the sampling tube, and the temperature during the transmission process. Therefore, the water quality parameters should be compensated. Dissolved oxygen compensation satisfies the following formula: DO=k1·DO' Wherein, α1, α2, α3, α4 are adjustment coefficients of the dissolved oxygen compensation formula, k1 is the dissolved oxygen correction factor, ΔT is the difference between the water temperature at the water quality sensor and the water temperature at the sampling port of the sampling tube, L is the target length of the sampling tube, R is the diameter of the sampling tube, v is the flow rate of the water sample in the sampling tube, DO is the dissolved oxygen content value after compensation, and DO' is the actual dissolved oxygen content value measured by the dissolved oxygen sensor; pH compensation satisfies the following formula: k2=β1·T1 2 -β2·T1+β3 pH=pH'+K2 Wherein, β1, β2, β3 are adjustment coefficients of the pH value compensation formula, k2 is the pH value correction factor, T1 is the water temperature at the water quality sensor, pH is the compensated pH value, and pH' is the actual pH value measured by the pH sensor; Temperature compensation satisfies the following formula: T=T'-K3 Among them, h f is the friction loss of the sampling tube, f is the friction coefficient, L is the target length of the sampling tube, R is the diameter of the sampling tube, v is the flow rate of the water sample in the sampling tube, and g is the gravitational acceleration, which is 9.81 m / s 2 , k3 is the temperature correction factor, ρ is the density of the liquid in the sampling tube, c p is the specific heat capacity of the liquid in the sampling tube, m is the mass of the liquid in the sampling tube, T is the compensated temperature value, and T' is the actual temperature value measured by the temperature sensor.

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