Brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biological substance and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biological substances and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of brain-computer interfaces. The brain-computer interface based on the magnetoelectric composite biological substance comprises a magnetic response biological substance unit, the magnetic response biological substance unit comprises a magnetic main body structure unit and one or more magnetic response structure units, the magnetic response structure unit is attached to the magnetic main body structure unit in an inter-atomic bonding mode of a chemical bond. A biological substance such as magnetoelectric compound protein is synthesized and applied to a brain-computer interface, and protein with a magnetic field induction function and an electric field induction function is synthesized and can be obtained through a gene engineering or protein engineering method; the synthesized protein is fixed on or near a neural membrane through a transmembrane structure, and a magnetic field signal converted by the protein is sensed through an external magnetic field detection device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of brain-computer interface, and specifically to a brain-computer interface based on magneto-electric composite biomaterial and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] As an emerging neuroengineering method, brain-computer interface (BCI) technology has significantly advanced human understanding of brain function and the development of related medical auxiliary equipment. BCI decodes the signals generated by brain activity, allowing patients to control external devices such as computer cursors, wheelchairs or prostheses through thinking, which provides a new way of communication and control for patients with motor dysfunction.

[0003] The invention with the existing application number CN201710201259.6 relates to a brain-computer interface system. By reasonably designing hardware circuits and digital circuits, it is possible to obtain EEG signals with a high signal-to-noise ratio. The circuit structure is simple, the volume of the interface device can be reduced, and real-time online data processing can be realized. It can be widely used in real life.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned brain-computer interface still has the following problems when used: When dealing with the challenges of non-invasive BCI, although non-invasive BCI technology has the advantages of easy deployment and use, it also faces some challenges. First, non-invasive BCI usually relies on EEG on the scalp to capture the electrical activity of the brain. These signals are easily interfered by noise such as electromyography and eye movement, resulting in a decrease in signal quality. Secondly, the spatial resolution of EEG is limited, which makes it difficult to accurately locate the area in the brain where the signal is generated. In addition, due to individual differences, the decoding algorithm needs to be customized and optimized for each user, which increases the complexity of the use of the BCI system. In addition, in dealing with the challenges of invasive BCI, invasive BCI can obtain higher quality signals by implanting electrodes in the brain to directly measure neuronal activity. However, this method has some significant problems. First, craniotomy is required to implant electrodes, which brings additional physiological and psychological risks to patients. Secondly, the implanted electrodes may cause an immune response in the body, resulting in a decrease or failure of electrode function. The surgery itself also has the risk of infection.

[0005] To this end, we have developed a new brain-computer interface based on magneto-electric composite biomaterials and its control method. Summary of the invention

[0006] Technical issues solved

[0007] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterials and a control method thereof. The interface can realize bioelectric signal perception and neural stimulation through special magnetoelectric composite biomaterials, thereby achieving high-sensitivity and high-stability neural signal detection and neural stimulation.

[0008] Technical Solution

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: a brain-computer interface based on magneto-electric composite biomaterial and a control method thereof, comprising a magnetically responsive biomaterial unit, wherein the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit comprises a magnetic main structure unit and a magnetically responsive structure unit, wherein the magnetically responsive structure unit may be one or more, wherein the magnetically responsive structure unit is attached to the magnetic main structure unit by an atomic bonding method of a chemical bond, wherein one or more magnetically responsive structure units may be attached to one magnetic main structure unit, wherein the magnetically responsive structure unit may be one or more magnetically responsive structures such as iron-sulfur clusters, wherein the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit may be alone or combined with other magnetically responsive biomaterial units to form a magnetic field sensing biomaterial body, wherein the body may be deformed or displaced under the action of a magnetic field, and wherein the overall deformation caused by an external force may further cause a change in the magnetic field, and wherein the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit may constitute a magneto-electric composite biomolecule with an electrically responsive biomaterial.

[0010] Furthermore, the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit can be combined alone or with other magnetically responsive biomaterial units to form a magnetic field sensing biomaterial body, which can be deformed or displaced under the action of the magnetic field, and can also further cause changes in the magnetic field through overall deformation caused by external force. The magnetic main structure unit is composed of a protein helix, i.e., an α-helix.

[0011] Further, the electrically responsive biomaterial is a first electrically responsive biomaterial unit, the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit includes an electrical main body structure unit and an electrical response structure unit, the electrical main body structure unit is composed of a protein helix such as an α-helix, the electrical response structure unit is attached to the electrical main body structure unit by an atomic bond of a chemical bond, one or more electrical response structure units can be attached to one electrical main body structure unit, the electrical response structure unit can be one or more electrical response structures such as arginine or lysine with a positive charge, the first electrical response biomaterial unit can be combined alone or with other first electrical response biomaterial units to form an electric field sensing biomaterial body, which can be deformed or displaced under the action of an electric field, or can further cause changes in the electric field through overall deformation caused by an external force, a type of magnetoelectric composite biomolecule can be composed of at least one magnetic response biomaterial unit and at least one first electrical response biomaterial unit, the magnetic response biomaterial unit and the first electrical response biomaterial unit can be combined together by a molecular bond, or can be combined together by van der Waals forces or the like.

[0012] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the fixation of the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule on the cell membrane, the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule can be designed to have one or more transmembrane structures or transmembrane subunits.

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention proposes a control method for detecting electrical signals in vivo using biological substances. For example, in the field of EEG monitoring, the protein can be used to convert neural electrical signals into magnetic field signals for three-dimensional passive wireless EEG detection, including the following specific steps:

[0014] 1. The magnetostrictive composite biomolecule is synthesized by synthetic biology and other methods. The molecule can be expressed in vitro and then injected, or it can be directly expressed in vivo by genetic engineering methods. According to the above description, the protein has electrostrictive effect and magnetostrictive effect.

[0015] 2. The magneto-electric composite biomolecule can be distributed on the nerve cell membrane or around the membrane;

[0016] 3. When a nerve signal is transmitted, the cell membrane potential will change, and this potential change will form an electric field change, causing the first electric response biological material unit in the magneto-electric composite biological molecule to deform;

[0017] 4. Since the magnetically responsive biological material unit and the first electrically responsive biological material unit in the magneto-electric composite biomolecule are closely combined, the deformation caused by the change in the electric field will be transmitted to the magnetically responsive biological material unit;

[0018] 5. The deformation of the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit will cause the magnetic field it carries to change;

[0019] 6. The magnetic field changes can be detected by in vitro magnetic sensing devices such as atomic magnetometers, and thus the electrical activity in the body can be monitored;

[0020] 7. Through experiments, we can calibrate the quantitative relationship between the electrical activity in the body and the changes in the external magnetic field, and then realize the quantitative detection of the electrical activity in the body.

[0021] Furthermore, the present invention proposes a method for treating diseases by stimulating nerves through magnetic field signals, that is, a method for stimulating nerves through magnetostrictive proteins, that is, electrical stimulation of nerves can be achieved through an external magnetic field, that is, a method for in vivo electrical stimulation using biological substances is proposed. For example, in the field of brain pacing, the protein can be used to perform passive wireless nerve stimulation, including the following specific steps:

[0022] 1. The magnetostrictive composite biomolecule is synthesized by synthetic biology and other methods. The molecule can be expressed in vitro and then injected, or it can be directly expressed in vivo by genetic engineering methods. According to the above description, the protein has electrostrictive effect and magnetostrictive effect.

[0023] 2. The magneto-electric composite biomolecule can be distributed on the nerve cell membrane or around the membrane;

[0024] 3. By applying a magnetic field from the outside, the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit will deform.

[0025] 4. Since the magnetically responsive biological material unit and the first electrically responsive biological material unit in the magneto-electric composite biomolecule are closely combined, the deformation caused by the change in the magnetic field will be transmitted to the first electrically responsive biological material unit;

[0026] 5. The deformation of the first electrically responsive biological material unit will cause the change of the spatial position of the electrically responsive structural unit attached to the first electrically responsive biological material unit, thereby causing the electric field to change;

[0027] 6. The change of the electric field will further lead to the change of nerve membrane potential, thus forming nerve impulses. By controlling the frequency and intensity of the nerve impulses, different nerve stimulation functions such as brain pacing can be achieved.

[0028] Furthermore, a magnetoelectric composite biomolecule can be composed of one or more of the magnetically responsive biomaterial units and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit to form multiple subunits of the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule, so that the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit can be tightly combined together, and further the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule can generate electric field changes in response to an external magnetic field, or generate magnetic field changes in response to an external electric field, and the protein has electrostrictive effect and magnetostrictive effect.

[0029] Furthermore, one of the magnetoelectric composite biomolecules is a large molecular structure, which is composed of multiple magnetically responsive biomaterial units, multiple first electrically responsive biomaterial units and multiple auxiliary supporting subunits. This structure can be distributed over a large area and continuously on the surface of the neuronal cell membrane, thereby achieving large-area perception and increasing the efficiency of perception and stimulation.

[0030] Furthermore, the electrically responsive biomaterial is a second electrically responsive biomaterial unit, the second electrically responsive biomaterial unit is a Piezo1 molecule, and the magneto-electric composite biomolecule is a special Piezo1 magnetic biomaterial body, which is tightly combined with the Piezo1 molecule by the magnetic responsive biomaterial unit through chemical bonds, and the Piezo1 molecule can be replaced by other ion channels with mechanical sensing ability.

[0031] Furthermore, the basic principles and control methods of its implementation are:

[0032] 1. The Piezo1 magnetic biomaterial can be synthesized through genetic engineering and distributed on the nerve cell membrane;

[0033] 2. By applying a magnetic field from the outside, the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit will deform.

[0034] 3. Therefore, the deformation caused by the change in magnetic field will be transmitted to the Piezo1 molecule;

[0035] 4. Under the action of deformation, the conformation of the Piezo1 protein changes, causing the Piezo1 ion channel to open. This structural change allows ions such as sodium ions and potassium ions to pass through, generating current.

[0036] 5. This electric current is a typical nerve impulse. By controlling the frequency and intensity of the nerve impulse, different nerve stimulation functions such as brain pacing can be achieved.

[0037] Beneficial Effects

[0038] The present invention provides a brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial and a control method thereof. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] 1. This brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterials and its control method regulates neural activity through specific proteins or other biological molecules. This method can reduce dependence on external devices, directly achieve neural regulation through synthetic biology, reduce surgical risks, and may provide more sophisticated neural control capabilities.

[0040] 2. A brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biological material and a control method thereof, by synthesizing a biological material, such as a magnetoelectric composite protein, and applying it to a brain-computer interface: by synthesizing a protein with magnetic field sensing function and electric field sensing function, the protein can be obtained by genetic engineering or protein engineering methods; the synthesized protein is fixed on or near the nerve membrane through a transmembrane structure, and the magnetic field signal converted by the protein is sensed by an external magnetic field detection device; the converted magnetic field signal can also be used for neural stimulation to achieve disease treatment.

[0041] 3. This brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial and its control method are not only innovative in theory in design through magnetoelectric biomaterial, but also have broad potential uses in practical applications, such as in biological detection, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enhancement, and development of new biosensors. Through this design, a new type of magnetic induction protein can be provided, which can effectively convert and transmit magnetic field signals in biological systems.

[0042] 4. This brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biological material and its control method are completely synthesized from human substances and have no rejection reaction; they are passive and wireless; they can achieve three-dimensional stimulation and three-dimensional EEG acquisition; the sensitivity and resolution of acquisition and stimulation are very high; the conversion efficiency and stability of signals are improved through magnetoelectric composite proteins; the noise and interference of signals during transmission are reduced; and they provide a new non-invasive treatment for neurological diseases. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a typical magnetic response biological material unit structure diagram of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 This is a typical structure diagram of an electrically responsive biological substance of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 This is the first typical magneto-electric composite biomolecule structure diagram of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 This is a diagram of the second typical magneto-electric composite biomolecule structure of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 This is a third typical magneto-electric composite biomolecule structure diagram of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 This is the fourth typical magneto-electric composite biomolecule structure diagram of the present invention.

[0049] Among them, 1. magnetically responsive biomaterial unit; 2. first electrically responsive biomaterial unit; 3. magneto-electric composite biomolecule; 4. Piezo1 molecule; 5. accessory supporting subunit; 11. magnetic main body structure unit; 12. magnetically responsive structure unit; 21. electric main body structure unit; 22. electrically responsive structure unit; 41. chemical bond. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] like Figure 1-6 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a brain-computer interface based on magneto-electric composite biomaterial and a control method thereof, including a magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1, wherein the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 includes a magnetic main structure unit 11 and a magnetically responsive structure unit 12, wherein the magnetically responsive structure unit 12 may be one or more, wherein the magnetically responsive structure unit 12 is attached to the magnetic main structure unit 11 by an atomic bonding method of a chemical bond 41, wherein one or more magnetically responsive structure units 12 may be attached to one magnetic main structure unit 11, wherein the magnetically responsive structure unit 12 may be one or more magnetically responsive structures such as iron-sulfur clusters, wherein the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 may be alone or in combination with other magnetically responsive biomaterial units 1 to form a magnetic field sensing biomaterial body, wherein the body may be deformed or displaced under the action of a magnetic field, and wherein the overall deformation caused by an external force may further cause a change in the magnetic field, and the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 may constitute a magneto-electric composite biomolecule 3 with an electrically responsive biomaterial.

[0052] Among them, the magnetically responsive biological material unit 1 can be combined alone or with other magnetically responsive biological material units 1 to form a magnetic field sensing biological material body, which can be deformed or displaced under the action of the magnetic field, and can also further cause changes in the magnetic field through overall deformation caused by external force. The magnetic main structure unit 11 is composed of a protein helix, namely an α-helix (α-helix).

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] The electrically responsive biomaterial is a first electrically responsive biomaterial unit 2, which includes an electrical main body structure unit 21 and an electrical response structure unit 22. The electrical main body structure unit 21 is composed of a protein helix such as an α-helix. The electrical response structure unit 22 is attached to the electrical main body structure unit 21 by an interatomic bonding method of a chemical bond 41. One or more electrical response structure units 22 can be attached to one electrical main body structure unit 21. The electrical response structure unit 22 can be one or more electrical response structures such as arginine or lysine with a positive charge. The first electrical response biomaterial unit 2 can be combined with other first electrical response biomaterial units 2 to form an electric field sensing biomaterial body, which can be deformed or displaced under the action of an electric field, or can further cause changes in the electric field through overall deformation caused by an external force. A magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3 can be composed of at least one magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 and at least one first electrical response biomaterial unit 2. The magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 and the first electrical response biomaterial unit 2 can be combined together by a molecular bond or by van der Waals forces.

[0055] In order to facilitate the fixation of the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3 on the cell membrane, the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3 can be designed to have one or more transmembrane structures or transmembrane subunits.

[0056] The present invention proposes a control method for detecting electrical signals in vivo using biological substances. For example, in the field of EEG monitoring, proteins can be used to convert neural electrical signals into magnetic field signals for three-dimensional passive wireless EEG detection, including the following specific steps:

[0057] 1. The magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3 is synthesized by synthetic biology and other methods. The molecule can be expressed in vitro and then injected, or it can be directly expressed in vivo by genetic engineering methods. According to the above description, the protein has electrostrictive effect and magnetostrictive effect.

[0058] 2. The magneto-electric composite biomolecule 3 can be distributed on the nerve cell membrane or around the membrane;

[0059] 3. When a nerve signal is transmitted, the cell membrane potential will change, and this potential change will form an electric field change, causing the first electric response biological material unit 2 in the magneto-electric composite biological molecule 3 to deform;

[0060] 4. Since the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit 2 in the magneto-electric composite biomolecule 3 are closely combined, the deformation caused by the change in the electric field will be transmitted to the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1;

[0061] 5. The deformation of the magnetically responsive biological substance unit 1 will cause the magnetic field it carries to change;

[0062] 6. The magnetic field changes can be detected by in vitro magnetic sensing devices such as atomic magnetometers, and thus the electrical activity in the body can be monitored;

[0063] 7. Through experiments, we can calibrate the quantitative relationship between the electrical activity in the body and the changes in the external magnetic field, and then realize the quantitative detection of the electrical activity in the body.

[0064] The present invention proposes a method for treating diseases by stimulating nerves through magnetic field signals, that is, a method for stimulating nerves through magnetostrictive proteins, that is, electrical stimulation of nerves can be achieved through an external magnetic field, that is, a method for in vivo electrical stimulation using biological substances is proposed. For example, in the field of brain pacing, proteins can be used for passive wireless nerve stimulation, including the following specific steps:

[0065] 1. The magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3 is synthesized by synthetic biology and other methods. The molecule can be expressed in vitro and then injected, or it can be directly expressed in vivo by genetic engineering methods. According to the above description, the protein has electrostrictive effect and magnetostrictive effect.

[0066] 2. The magneto-electric composite biomolecule 3 can be distributed on the nerve cell membrane or around the membrane;

[0067] 3. By applying a magnetic field from the outside, the magnetic responsive biomaterial unit 1 will deform.

[0068] 4. Since the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit 2 in the magneto-electric composite biomolecule 3 are closely combined, the deformation caused by the change in the magnetic field will be transmitted to the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit 2;

[0069] 5. The deformation of the first electrically responsive biological substance unit 2 will cause the change of the spatial position of the electrically responsive structural unit 22 attached to the first electrically responsive biological substance unit 2, thereby causing the electric field to change;

[0070] 6. The change of the electric field will further lead to the change of nerve membrane potential, thus forming nerve impulses. By controlling the frequency and intensity of the nerve impulses, different nerve stimulation functions such as brain pacing can be achieved.

[0071] Embodiment 2

[0072] Among them, a magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3 can be composed of one or more magnetically responsive biomaterial units 1 and a first electrically responsive biomaterial unit 2 to form multiple subunits of the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3, so that the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit 1 and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit 2 can be tightly combined together, and further the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule 3 can generate electric field changes in response to an external magnetic field, or generate magnetic field changes in response to an external electric field. The protein has electrostrictive effect and magnetostrictive effect, and its implementation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0073] Embodiment 3

[0074] Among them, a magnetoelectric composite biological molecule 3 is a large molecular structure, which is composed of multiple magnetically responsive biological material units 1, multiple first electrically responsive biological material units 2 and multiple auxiliary supporting subunits 5. This structure can be distributed over a large area and continuously on the surface of the neuronal cell membrane, thereby realizing large-area perception and increasing the efficiency of perception and stimulation. Its implementation method is the same as that of Example 1.

[0075] Embodiment 4

[0076] Among them, the electrically responsive biomaterial is the second electrically responsive biomaterial unit, the second electrically responsive biomaterial unit is the Piezo1 molecule 4, a magneto-electric composite biomolecule 3 is a special Piezo1 magnetic biomaterial body, and the special Piezo1 magnetic biomaterial body is tightly combined with the Piezo1 molecule 4 by the magnetic responsive biomaterial unit 1 through a chemical bond 41, and the Piezo1 molecule 4 can be replaced by other ion channels with mechanical perception ability.

[0077] Furthermore, the basic principles and control methods of its implementation are:

[0078] 1. The Piezo1 magnetic biomaterial can be synthesized through genetic engineering and distributed on the nerve cell membrane;

[0079] 2. By applying a magnetic field from the outside, the magnetic responsive biomaterial unit 1 will deform.

[0080] 3. Therefore, the deformation caused by the change in magnetic field will be transmitted to the Piezo1 molecule 4;

[0081] 4. Under the action of deformation, the conformation of the Piezo1 protein changes, causing the Piezo1 ion channel to open. This structural change allows ions such as sodium ions and potassium ions to pass through, generating current.

[0082] 5. This electric current is a typical nerve impulse. By controlling the frequency and intensity of the nerve impulse, different nerve stimulation functions such as brain pacing can be achieved.

[0083] It should be noted that Piezo1 molecule 4 is a key mechanosensitive ion channel, which is essential for the cell mechanical transduction process. This protein can sense tiny deformations of the cell membrane, such as stretching or pressure, and convert these mechanical stimuli into electrical signals. This property of the Piezo1 channel is called mechanical transduction in biology, rather than the traditional piezoelectric effect.

[0084] Under the action of mechanical force, the conformation of the Piezo1 protein changes, causing the channel to open. This structural change allows ions such as sodium ions and potassium ions to pass through, generating electric current. These currents or ion flows act as signals that can trigger signal transduction pathways within the cell, thereby triggering a series of biological reactions.

[0085] Other feasibility notes

[0086] 1. Using genetic engineering technology, based on the sequence information of known magnetoreceptive-related proteins Cryptochromes (Cry) and hypothetical magnetoreceptor receptors MagR, gene recombination and directed evolution were performed to obtain protein variants with enhanced sensitivity to magnetic fields.

[0087] 2. When designing the protein structure, special attention is paid to the integration of iron-sulfur clusters, which not only serve as ferromagnetic centers but also as bridges for electron transport and may be involved in the electron transfer process during magnetic induction.

[0088] 3. Voltage-gated ion channels Piezo1 is a special protein on the cell membrane that regulates the flow of ions by sensing changes in cell membrane potential. These channels are composed of four identical subunits, each of which contains six transmembrane helices, of which the S4 segment is particularly sensitive to voltage changes due to its positively charged amino acid residues. When the cell membrane is depolarized, the displacement of the S4 segment triggers the opening of the channel, allowing specific ions such as sodium, potassium or calcium to pass through, thereby changing the ion concentration inside and outside the cell and transmitting electrical signals. The pore part of the channel is composed of a specific amino acid sequence, which determines its ion selectivity. In addition, voltage-gated ion channels have the characteristics of rapid activation and slow inactivation, which are controlled by conformational changes in the protein to ensure the accuracy of signal transmission.

[0089] 4. Using the principle of voltage-gated ion channels, new proteins that respond to electrical signals can be designed. The design process first needs to clarify the function of the desired protein, such as whether it needs to trigger muscle contraction or neurotransmitter release. Referring to the known voltage-gated ion channel structure, proteins with similar voltage sensing domains can be designed, which includes designing transmembrane helical structures containing positively charged amino acid residues so that they can be displaced when the electric field changes. Next, according to the type of ions that need to be permeable, the amino acid sequence of the channel pore part is designed to ensure ion selectivity. In addition, the stability and expression level of the protein in the cell membrane, as well as its specificity in responding to electrical signals, need to be considered. Finally, in vitro expression and electrophysiological experiments are used to verify whether the designed protein can respond to electrical signals and perform biological functions as expected, and iterative optimization is performed based on the results to improve its functionality and responsiveness.

[0090] 5. This design approach provides broad possibilities for the development of new biosensors, biomedical devices, and new strategies for the treatment of neuromuscular diseases. By precisely controlling the structure and function of proteins, highly sensitive and specific responses to electrical signals can be achieved, thereby achieving effective signal transduction and control in biological systems.

[0091] In addition, it should be noted in the present invention that the development of brain-computer interface (BCI) technology has surpassed the initial motor function recovery and neurorehabilitation applications and has gradually expanded to a wider range of biomedical fields.

[0092] The brain-computer interface technology of the present invention can not only realize the accurate interpretation and conversion of neural electrical signals, but also has the potential for broader clinical applications, including technologies such as cardiac pacing and cardiac magnetic field detection.

[0093] Among them, cardiac pacing applications, a pacemaker is a medical device used to treat abnormal heart rhythms, such as bradycardia. Traditional pacemakers regulate the heartbeat through electrical stimulation, while the BCI technology of the present invention provides a new possibility - using magnetic field signals to achieve cardiac pacing. This method can reduce the tissue damage that may be caused by electrical stimulation and improve the safety and effectiveness of pacing.

[0094] Among them, cardiac magnetic field detection is an application. Cardiac magnetic field detection is a non-invasive method for detecting cardiac activity. The heart will produce weak magnetic field changes during the beating process. These changes can be captured by a highly sensitive magnetic field detector, thereby reflecting the functional state of the heart. The BCI technology of the present invention can further enhance the detection capability of the cardiac magnetic field, and amplify the magnetic field signal generated by the heart through a specific magnetoelectric composite protein, making the signal easier to detect and analyze.

[0095] Among them, the BCI technology of the present invention has a high degree of flexibility and adaptability, and can be customized and optimized according to different medical needs. In addition to nerve stimulation, cardiac pacing and cardiac magnetic field detection, it can also be extended to other biomedical fields, such as tumor treatment, early diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases, etc. This technology has broad application prospects and is expected to provide new solutions for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

[0096] In summary, the BCI technology of the present invention not only has important application value in the field of neural stimulation, but also shows great potential in other medical fields such as cardiac pacing and cardiac magnetic field detection.

[0097] The patent protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the field of brain-computer interface, but all fields of electrical signal perception and stimulation.

[0098] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial, comprising a magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1), characterized in that: The magnetic response biological material unit (1) comprises a magnetic main body structure unit (11) and a magnetic response structure unit (12); The magnetic response structure unit (12) may be one or more, and the magnetic response structure unit (12) is attached to the magnetic main structure unit (11) by an interatomic bonding method of a chemical bond (41). One or more magnetic response structure units (12) may be attached to one magnetic main structure unit (11), and the magnetic response structure unit (12) may be one or more magnetic response structures such as iron-sulfur clusters; The magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1) can be combined with other magnetically responsive biomaterial units (1) to form a magnetic field sensing biomaterial body, which can be deformed or displaced under the action of the magnetic field, and can also further cause changes in the magnetic field through overall deformation caused by external forces; The magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1) can form a magneto-electric composite biomolecule (3) with the electrically responsive biomaterial.

2. A brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1) can be combined with other magnetically responsive biomaterial units (1) to form a magnetic field sensing biomaterial body, which can be deformed or displaced under the action of the magnetic field, and can also further cause changes in the magnetic field through overall deformation caused by external forces.

3. A brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic main structural unit (11) is composed of a protein helix, namely an α-helix.

4. The brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrically responsive biological substance is a first electrically responsive biological substance unit (2).

5. A brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first electrically responsive biological material unit (2) comprises an electrical main body structural unit (21) and an electrical response structural unit (22), wherein the electrical main body structural unit (21) is composed of a protein helix such as an α-helix, and the electrical response structural unit (22) is attached to the electrical main body structural unit (21) by an interatomic bonding method of a chemical bond (41). One or more electrical response structural units (22) may be attached to one electrical main body structural unit (21), and the electrical response structural unit (22) may be one or more electrical response structures such as arginine or lysine with a positive charge.

6. The brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first electrically responsive biomaterial unit (2) can be formed into an electric field sensing biomaterial body alone or in combination with other first electrically responsive biomaterial units (2), which can be deformed or displaced under the action of an electric field, or can further cause changes in the electric field through overall deformation caused by an external force.

7. The brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetoelectric composite biomolecule (3) can be composed of at least one magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1) and at least one first electrically responsive biomaterial unit (2). The magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1) and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit (2) can be combined together by molecular bonds or by van der Waals forces.

8. The brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: A magnetoelectric composite biomolecule (3) can be composed of one or more of the magnetically responsive biomaterial units (1) and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit (2) to form multiple subunits of the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule (3), so that the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1) and the first electrically responsive biomaterial unit (2) can be tightly combined together, and further the magnetoelectric composite biomolecule (3) can generate electric field changes in response to an external magnetic field, or generate magnetic field changes in response to an external electric field. The protein has electrostrictive effect and magnetostrictive effect.

9. The brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the magnetoelectric composite biomolecules (3) is a large molecular structure, which is composed of a plurality of magnetically responsive biomaterial units (1), a plurality of first electrically responsive biomaterial units (2) and a plurality of auxiliary supporting subunits (5).

10. The brain-computer interface based on magnetoelectric composite biomaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrically responsive biomaterial is a second electrically responsive biomaterial unit, the second electrically responsive biomaterial unit is a Piezo1 molecule (4), and the magneto-electric composite biomolecule (3) is a special Piezo1 magnetic biomaterial body, which is tightly combined with the magnetically responsive biomaterial unit (1) and the Piezo1 molecule (4) through a chemical bond (41).

Images