Battery thermal management equipment and electric ship

Abstract

The invention discloses battery thermal management equipment and an electric ship, and relates to the field of ship batteries. The battery thermal management equipment comprises a bracket, a liquid cooling system, a first power generation module and a second power generation module, the support comprises a plurality of unit frames, and storage cavities are arranged in the unit frames. The liquid cooling system is installed on the support, the first power generation module is arranged at the end, connected with the guide pipe, of the cooling channel, and the second power generation module is installed on the guide pipe. The liquid cooling system actively cools the power battery on the unit frame, the power battery is in heat conduction connection with the liquid cooling plate, and the circulating pump drives the liquid cooling medium to enter the cooling channel on the liquid cooling plate, so that the purpose of heat exchange is achieved, and the temperature of the power battery is reduced; the first power generation module generates power through temperature difference, the second power generation module generates power through pressure difference during circulation of the liquid cooling medium, the utilization rate of heat energy is increased, driving electric energy is provided for the circulating pump, and therefore energy consumption of active cooling of heat management is reduced, and the system is suitable for heat management work of continuous loads.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ship batteries, and in particular to a battery thermal management device and an electric ship. Background Art

[0002] Since ship battery systems usually have high energy density, improper temperature control may cause battery overheating, causing thermal runaway, and thus the risk of fire and explosion. Especially in the marine environment, the response to safety accidents such as fire is more complicated and dangerous, so it is necessary to effectively manage battery temperature to prevent such safety threats. Temperature directly affects the energy output and charging efficiency of the battery. Too high or too low temperature will cause battery performance to deteriorate, such as reducing available capacity, increasing internal resistance, and shortening discharge time. Good thermal management can ensure that the battery operates within the optimal temperature range, thereby maximizing its energy output and extending its endurance. Batteries operating within a suitable temperature range can significantly extend their service life. Thermal cycles and extreme temperature conditions will accelerate battery aging. Reducing temperature fluctuations through thermal management can effectively inhibit the battery degradation rate, reduce replacement costs, and improve economic efficiency. The ship operating environment is complex and changeable, with a wide range of ambient temperatures from the extreme cold of the polar regions to the scorching heat of the tropics. The battery thermal management system must be able to maintain stable battery performance under various extreme conditions to ensure the reliable operation of ships around the world. In modern ships, battery systems are often closely integrated with other energy management systems as part of hybrid or all-electric propulsion. Effective thermal management is not only related to the battery itself, but also the key to maintaining the stability and efficiency of the entire energy system. Therefore, thermal management of electric ships is crucial to their safety, stable performance, extended life, environmental adaptation and integrated system stability.

[0003] At present, the thermal management technology of electric ships includes active cooling and passive cooling. Active cooling, such as liquid cooling and air cooling, has good thermal management effect, but because it requires secondary energy such as electric drive pumps, fans and other components, it actually increases the energy consumption of thermal management. Passive cooling, such as phase change material cooling, has the advantages of good temperature uniformity and no secondary energy consumption, but it is limited by energy density and cannot work continuously at high loads. At the same time, because the battery will continue to generate heat during the operation stage, a large amount of heat emitted by the electric ship during operation is directly exported from the electric ship to dissipate, which actually reduces the energy utilization rate and the thermal management method is unreasonable. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the technical problems raised by the above background technology, the present invention provides a battery thermal management device, comprising:

[0005] A bracket, comprising a plurality of unit frames stacked and arranged along a first direction, wherein at least one storage cavity suitable for loading a power battery is arranged in the unit frame;

[0006] A liquid cooling system is installed on the bracket, the liquid cooling system includes a circulation pump, a liquid cooling plate and a conduit, a cooling channel is provided in the liquid cooling plate, an output side of the circulation pump is connected to one end of the cooling channel, the other end of the cooling channel is connected to the conduit, the conduit is connected to the input side of the circulation pump, a plurality of liquid cooling plates are arranged at intervals along a first direction, two liquid cooling plates adjacent to each other above and below are jointly constructed to form the unit frame, the liquid cooling system is suitable for circulating a liquid cooling medium to be arranged for heat exchange with the storage cavity, and the conduit is extended along the first direction;

[0007] A first power generation module is arranged at the end of the cooling channel connected to the conduit, and the first power generation module is used for temperature difference power generation;

[0008] A second power generation module is installed on the conduit, and the second power generation module is used to generate electricity through the pressure difference of the liquid cooling medium; any power generation module is electrically connected to the circulation pump to provide driving power to the circulation pump.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the first power generation module includes a tube body structure and a temperature difference power generation element. The tube body structure includes an outer tube and an inner tube. The outer tube is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube. One side of the temperature difference power generation element abuts against the inner wall surface of the outer tube, and the other side of the temperature difference power generation element abuts against the outer wall surface of the inner tube. The outer tube and the liquid cooling plate are heat-conductingly arranged, and the inner tube and the cooling channel are connected.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, a plurality of cooling channels are provided in the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling system further comprises a water outlet pipe, wherein the water outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the tube body structure, the discharge side of any cooling channel is connected to the inlet side of the water outlet pipe, the discharge side of the water outlet pipe is connected to the conduit, a plurality of the water outlet pipes are provided, the plurality of the water outlet pipes are arranged in parallel at intervals along a first direction, and the plurality of the water outlet pipes are arranged in parallel between the circulation pump and the conduit.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, at least one of the cooling channels is configured with the first power generation module, and the cooling channel is connected to the inlet side of the water outlet pipe through the inner layer tube.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the second power generation module includes a permanent magnet rotor component, a stator component, a bearing, a rotating shaft and an impeller, the stator component is fixedly connected to the conduit, the stator component and the permanent magnet rotor component are rotatably configured, the bearing is fixedly connected in the conduit, the rotating shaft is rotatably sleeved in the bearing, one end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the impeller, and the other end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor component.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution, the second power generation module is provided with one, the second power generation module is arranged at the end of the conduit, the second power generation module also includes a sealing block, the sealing block is connected in the conduit, and the connecting port of the water outlet pipe and the conduit is arranged between the sealing block and the impeller.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, the battery thermal management device also includes a phase change cooling system, which is installed in the unit frame. The phase change cooling system includes a phase change component and a packaging component. The phase change component is suitable for heat conduction with the power battery. The two ends of the phase change component are heat-conductingly fixedly connected between two adjacent liquid cooling plates. The packaging component is structured to form a storage cavity suitable for loading power batteries.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution, the phase change element and the packaging element are respectively configured as column structures, the packaging element and the storage cavity are correspondingly configured, and the packaging element is arranged in a rectangular array between the two adjacent liquid cooling plates.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, the battery thermal management device also includes an air cooling system, the liquid cooling system is arranged on the air cooling output side of the air cooling system, and any power generation module is electrically connected to the air cooling system to provide driving power to the air cooling system.

[0017] The present invention also provides an electric ship, comprising a plurality of power batteries and a battery thermal management device, wherein the power batteries are loaded in the battery thermal management device.

[0018] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The battery thermal management device provided by the present invention includes a bracket, a liquid cooling system, a first power generation module and a second power generation module, wherein the first power generation module is used for temperature difference power generation; and the second power generation module is used for power generation through the pressure difference of a liquid cooling medium. The bracket includes a plurality of unit frames stacked and arranged along a first direction, and a storage cavity suitable for loading power batteries is arranged in the unit frame; the liquid cooling system is installed on the bracket, and the liquid cooling system includes a circulation pump, a liquid cooling plate and a conduit, and a cooling channel is arranged in the liquid cooling plate, and the output side of the circulation pump is connected to one end of the cooling channel, and the other end of the cooling channel is connected to the conduit, and the conduit is connected to the input side of the circulation pump, and a plurality of liquid cooling plates are arranged at intervals along the first direction, and two liquid cooling plates adjacent to each other above and below are jointly constructed to form a unit frame, and the liquid cooling system is suitable for circulating liquid cooling medium to be arranged for heat exchange with the storage cavity, and the conduit is extended along the first direction; the first power generation module is arranged at the end of the cooling channel connecting the conduit, and the second power generation module is installed on the conduit, and any power generation module is electrically connected to the circulation pump to provide driving power to the circulation pump.

[0020] The battery thermal management device of this structure establishes a loading area for a power battery through a unit frame of a bracket, and a liquid cooling system, a first power generation module and a second power generation module are combined together to optimize the thermal management structure; specifically, the power battery on the unit frame is actively cooled by the liquid cooling system, the power battery is thermally connected to the liquid cooling plate, and the liquid cooling medium is driven by a circulating pump to enter the cooling channel on the liquid cooling plate to achieve the purpose of heat exchange, so as to reduce the temperature of the power battery; the first power generation module generates electricity through temperature difference, and the second power generation module generates electricity through pressure difference when the liquid cooling medium flows, thereby improving the utilization rate of thermal energy and providing driving power to the circulating pump, thereby reducing the energy consumption of active cooling of thermal management. The present invention is suitable for thermal management work of continuous loads.

[0021] 2. The battery thermal management device provided by the present invention also includes a phase change cooling system, which is installed in the unit frame. The phase change cooling system includes a phase change component and a packaging component. The phase change component is suitable for heat conduction with the power battery. The two ends of the phase change component are heat-conductingly fixedly connected between two adjacent liquid cooling plates. The packaging component is structured to form a storage cavity suitable for loading power batteries.

[0022] The battery thermal management device of this structure passively cools the power battery through a phase change cooling system, so that the side with a high phase change temperature exchanges heat with the liquid cooling plate to improve thermal efficiency, which is conducive to quickly reducing the temperature of the power battery; the battery thermal management method of the battery thermal management device is achieved by coupling an active liquid cooling system, an air cooling system, and a passive cooling system of a phase change cooling system; and through the temperature difference power generation of the first power generation module and the pressure difference power generation of the second power generation module, the conversion between thermal energy, mechanical energy, and electrical energy is achieved, thereby reducing energy loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A working principle diagram of the battery thermal management device provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery thermal management device provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 A partial schematic diagram of the upper region of the battery thermal management device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the structure of a unit frame in a battery thermal management device provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first power generation module in the battery thermal management device provided by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the second power generation module in the battery thermal management device provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a phase change element in a battery thermal management device provided by the present invention;

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1- bracket; 11- unit frame;

[0033] 2-liquid cooling system; 21-circulation pump; 22-liquid cooling plate; 23-water outlet pipe; 24-conduit;

[0034] 3-first power generation module; 31-tube structure; 311-outer tube; 312-inner tube; 32-temperature difference power generation element;

[0035] 4-second power generation module; 41-permanent magnet rotor component; 42-stator component; 43-bearing; 44-rotating shaft; 45-impeller; 46-sealing block;

[0036] 5-phase change cooling system; 51-packaging component; 52-phase change component;

[0037] 6- Air cooling system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0042] Example

[0043] This embodiment provides a battery thermal management device. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It includes a bracket 1, a liquid cooling system 2, a first power generation module 3 and a second power generation module 4. The first power generation module 3 is used for temperature difference power generation; the second power generation module 4 is used for power generation through the pressure difference of the liquid cooling medium.

[0044] See also Figures 1 to 3 The bracket 1 includes a plurality of unit frames 11 stacked in a first direction, and one or more storage cavities suitable for loading power batteries are arranged in the unit frames 11. The bracket 1 may be provided with side panels to synchronously fix the plurality of unit frames 11.

[0045] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling system 2 is installed on the bracket 1, and the liquid cooling system 2 is suitable for circulating liquid cooling medium to exchange heat with the storage cavity; see Figures 1 to 3 The liquid cooling system 2 includes a circulation pump 21, a liquid cooling plate 22 and a conduit 24. The circulation pump 21 serves as a driving source for driving the liquid cooling medium to circulate, so as to realize active cooling. A plurality of liquid cooling plates 22 are arranged in intervals along the first direction, and two liquid cooling plates 22 adjacent to each other above and below are jointly constructed to form a unit frame 11. A cooling channel is provided in the liquid cooling plate 22, the output side of the circulation pump 21 is connected to one end of the cooling channel, the other end of the cooling channel is connected to the conduit 24, and the conduit 24 is connected to the input side of the circulation pump 21. The conduit 24 extends along the first direction, and a plurality of flow ports are provided on the conduit 24 so as to be able to be connected to the cooling channels on different liquid cooling plates 22 in sequence.

[0046] In this embodiment, the first power generation module 3 is arranged at the end of the cooling channel connecting the conduit 24, the second power generation module 4 is installed on the conduit 24, and any power generation module is electrically connected to the circulation pump 21 to provide driving power to the circulation pump 21. The second power generation module 4 is arranged in the area where the conduit 24 is located to collect the liquid cooling medium, so as to use the gravitational potential energy and pressure energy of the liquid cooling medium to implement power generation.

[0047] As a basic implementation method, a loading area for a power battery is established through the unit frame 11 of the bracket 1, and a liquid cooling system 2, a first power generation module 3 and a second power generation module 4 are combined together to optimize the thermal management structure; specifically, the power battery on the unit frame 11 is actively cooled by the liquid cooling system 2, and the power battery is thermally connected to the liquid cooling plate 22, and the circulating pump 21 drives the liquid cooling medium into the cooling channel on the liquid cooling plate 22 to achieve the purpose of heat exchange, so as to reduce the temperature of the power battery; the first power generation module 3 generates electricity through temperature difference, and the second power generation module 4 generates electricity through pressure difference of the liquid cooling medium, thereby improving the utilization rate of thermal energy and providing driving power to the circulating pump 21, thereby reducing the energy consumption of active cooling of thermal management. The battery thermal management device provided by the present invention is suitable for thermal management of continuous loads.

[0048] In a specific implementation, the first direction is set as the height direction to maximize the use of gravity and pressure difference energy; in other optional implementations, the first direction is set as a direction that is inclined and deviates from the height direction at an acute angle. The first direction is specifically configured according to actual design requirements.

[0049] In this embodiment, the liquid cooling medium can be set as a circulating coolant circulating inside the battery thermal management device, such as cooling water; in other embodiments, the liquid cooling medium can be set as seawater, which can be drained to the liquid cooling plate 22 by the circulating pump 21 after water treatment to participate in the heat exchange process. During the navigation stage, a certain amount of residual pressure energy will be generated during the collection and transportation of seawater, and the second power generation module 4 will reasonably use this residual pressure energy to convert it into electrical energy in the active cooling stage.

[0050] In some specific embodiments, see Figure 4 and Figure 5 The first power generation module 3 includes a tube structure 31 and a thermoelectric power generation element 32. The tube structure 31 includes an outer tube 311 and an inner tube 312. The outer tube 311 is sleeved on the outside of the inner tube 312. One side of the thermoelectric power generation element 32 abuts against the inner wall of the outer tube 311, and the other side of the thermoelectric power generation element 32 abuts against the outer wall of the inner tube 312. The outer tube 311 and the liquid cooling plate 22 are heat-conductingly arranged, and the inner tube 312 is connected to the cooling channel. The tube structure 31 is used as a pipeline for thermoelectric power generation. The inner and outer sides of the thermoelectric power generation sheet are heat-conductingly attached to the outer tube 311 and the inner tube 312, respectively. Specifically, the heat transferred from the power battery to the liquid cooling plate 22 is used as a heat source, and the circulating liquid cooling medium is used as a cold source to achieve thermoelectric power generation.

[0051] In a further embodiment, a heat-conducting layer, such as thermal grease, is provided in the area where the temperature difference power generation element 32 is thermally bonded to the outer tube 311 and the inner tube 312. The heat-conducting layer fully fills the assembly gaps between the structures to ensure a sufficient heat conduction path to improve the heat transfer efficiency. This arrangement can fully utilize the coupling of the heat source energy and the temperature difference power generation element 32, improve energy utilization, and reduce the operating cost of active cooling.

[0052] As a preferred embodiment, a plurality of cooling channels are provided in the liquid cooling plate 22, and the liquid cooling system 2 also includes a water outlet pipe 23, the water outlet pipe 23 and the pipe body structure 31 are fixedly connected, the discharge side of any cooling channel and the inlet side of the water outlet pipe 23 are connected, and the discharge side of the water outlet pipe 23 and the conduit 24 are connected.

[0053] In a specific embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 A plurality of water outlet pipes 23 are provided, and the plurality of water outlet pipes 23 are arranged in parallel at intervals along the first direction, and the plurality of water outlet pipes 23 are arranged in parallel between the circulation pump 21 and the conduit 24. Along the flow direction of the liquid cooling medium, the cooling channel, the pipe structure 31, the water outlet pipe 23 and the conduit 24 are connected in sequence. The plurality of water outlet pipes 23 converge the liquid cooling medium of the cooling channels on different liquid cooling plates 22 into the conduit 24, and then guide the liquid cooling medium to the circulation pump 21 through the conduit 24.

[0054] In some specific embodiments, see Figure 3 and Figure 6 The second power generation module 4 includes a permanent magnet rotor 41, a stator 42, a bearing 43, a rotating shaft 44 and an impeller 45. The stator 42 is fixedly connected to the conduit 24. The stator 42 and the permanent magnet rotor 41 are rotatably arranged. The bearing 43 is fixedly connected in the conduit 24. The rotating shaft 44 is rotatably sleeved in the bearing 43. One end of the rotating shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the impeller 45, and the other end of the rotating shaft 44 is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor 41. The second power generation module 4 generates electricity through the liquid cooling medium flowing into the conduit 24; specifically, the liquid cooling medium flowing from the outlet pipe 23 to the conduit 24 has a front pressure P1, and the liquid cooling medium flowing out from the bottom of the impeller 45 in the conduit 24 has a rear pressure P2. The pressure difference between the front pressure P1 and the rear pressure P2 in the pipe network is used as the driving force to drive the impeller 45, the rotating shaft 44 and the permanent magnet rotor 41, and the electromagnetic induction between the permanent magnet rotor 41 and the stator 42 generates electricity.

[0055] As a preferred technical solution, see Figure 3The second power generation module 4 is provided with one, and the second power generation module 4 is arranged at the upper end of the conduit 24 in the height direction. The second power generation module 4 also includes a sealing block 46, which is connected to the conduit 24, and the communication port between the water outlet pipe 23 and the conduit 24 is arranged between the sealing block 46 and the impeller 45, wherein the rotating shaft 44 and the sealing block 46 are rotatably arranged. The sealing block 46 is used to isolate the area of ​​the conduit 24 where the liquid cooling medium flows and the area where the permanent magnet rotor component 41, the stator component 42 and the bearing 43 are installed.

[0056] As a variation, only the impeller 45 and part of the rotating shaft 44 are arranged in the conduit 24, and the remaining structure is placed outside the conduit 24; the impeller 45 is arranged at the bottom of the connecting port where the water outlet pipe 23 connects to the conduit 24, and a plurality of unit frames 11 are stacked in the height direction. Accordingly, a plurality of second power generation modules 4 are arranged between the flow ports of the upper and lower adjacent water outlet pipes 23 connecting to the conduit 24, so as to make full use of the pressure difference from different water outlet pipes 23 to the conduit 24 and improve the utilization rate of the residual pressure energy.

[0057] In some embodiments, pressure sensors are installed at the water outlet pipe 23 and the conduit 24, respectively, to monitor the pressure parameters and residual pressure values ​​in the liquid cooling system 2; a temperature sensor is installed on the first power generation module 3, and a thermocouple or RTD (platinum resistance thermometer) can be configured for use in conjunction to monitor the temperature difference of the power generation module to improve the measurement accuracy; thereby, a control system capable of real-time monitoring of pressure and temperature is established through pressure sensors and temperature sensors; in a specific embodiment, the pressure and temperature data can be processed by a PLC (programmable logic controller) or a DCS (distributed control system).

[0058] As a further implementation, the battery thermal management device further includes a phase change cooling system 5 , which is installed in the unit frame 11 .

[0059] For the first power generation module 3, one side of the thermoelectric power generation element 32 is thermally connected to the outer tube 311, receives heat transferred from the power battery and the phase change cooling system 5, and uses it as a heat source, and the other side of the thermoelectric power generation element 32 is thermally connected to the inner tube 312, receives heat transferred from the liquid cooling medium, and uses it as a cold source.

[0060] In a specific embodiment, the phase change cooling system 5 and the power battery are integrated; see Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 7 The phase change cooling system 5 includes a phase change member 52 and a packaging member 51. The phase change member 52 is suitable for heat conduction with the power battery. The two ends of the phase change member 52 are heat conduction fixedly connected between two adjacent liquid cooling plates 22. The packaging member 51 is constructed to form a storage cavity suitable for loading the power battery. The power battery is passively cooled by the phase change cooling system 5, so that the side with a high phase change temperature exchanges heat with the liquid cooling plate 22 to improve thermal efficiency, which is conducive to quickly reducing the temperature of the power battery.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, the phase change element 52 is set as a flexible flame-retardant phase change material, which can wrap the power battery or fill between the power battery and the liquid cooling plate 22. For example: the phase change element 52 can be set as a PCM-F phase change material, whose main components are: polyethylene glycol, multi-walled carbon nanotubes and aluminum nitride; specifically, it can be made by using polyethylene glycol as a soft chain, hexamethylene diisocyanate as a hard chain, dibutyltin digluconate as a catalyst, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes and aluminum nitride as thermal conductivity enhancers. This type of phase change element 52 has good flame retardant properties, which is conducive to solving thermal safety problems such as heat spread and thermal runaway that are prone to occur in square power batteries with close structural contact. For another example: the phase change element 52 can be set as a PCM-Y phase change material, whose main components are: Joule wax, maleic anhydride grafted EVA (EVA-g-MAH), expanded graphite, melamine, and triphenyl phosphate. Among them, Joule paraffin is the main source of latent heat of phase change; maleic anhydride grafted EVA (EVA-g-MAH) has a flexible support skeleton, which can improve the interface adhesion, make the polar polymer and polyolefin compatible and adhesive, which is beneficial to improve the compatibility and adhesiveness of the substrate and the halogen-free flame retardant, and promote the dispersion of the flame retardant. Its grafting rate is 1.2%; expanded graphite can adsorb paraffin and improve the thermal conductivity of the structure. When heated, the expanded graphite can migrate on the surface of the structure and then form the first carbon layer, which can prolong the ignition time of the material and protect the material from being decomposed. Melamine is used as a protective material. When it sublimates at about 350°C, it can release inert nitrogen and water, dilute the concentration of combustible gas, and absorb a large amount of heat during the combustion process, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the system temperature; triphenyl phosphate is used as a halogen-free environmentally friendly flame retardant with a melting point of 47-53°C. Triphenyl phosphate forms phosphoric acid during thermal decomposition. This type of phase change element 52 has good flexible mechanical properties and can improve the interference fit between the battery pack and the phase change material during assembly. This helps solve the problem that the cylindrical batteries and the phase change material cannot fit closely, easily forming contact thermal resistance and resulting in poor battery heat dissipation.

[0062] As a further implementation, direct cooling plates are arranged on the upper and lower end surfaces of the power battery respectively to cooperate with the liquid cooling plate 22 and the phase change element 52 for heat conduction cooling, so as to achieve more efficient thermal management.

[0063] In a specific embodiment, the phase change member 52 and the packaging member 51 can be respectively set as a column structure, such as a cylindrical structure or a square column structure; multiple packaging members 51 can be set inside a phase change member 52; the packaging member 51 and the storage cavity are set correspondingly, and the packaging member 51 is set in a rectangular array between two adjacent liquid cooling plates 22. The packaging member 51 is set as a packaging structure formed by curing the potting glue on the outside of the power battery, which is conducive to enhancing the mechanical strength of the battery pack and plays a role in vibration resistance, impact resistance, salt spray corrosion resistance and moisture-proof sealing. The phase change member 52 plays a role in cooling and heat exchange, and the packaging member 51 plays a role in supporting and connecting the two adjacent liquid cooling plates 22 above and below. This setting optimizes the integrated design of the cooling structure, so that the phase change cooling system 5 not only plays a role in passive cooling, but also plays a role in supporting and connecting, thereby improving the connection strength and stability between the multiple unit frames 11 on the bracket 1.

[0064] The phase change cooling system 5 provided in this embodiment can cool any power battery and transfer the absorbed heat to the liquid cooling plate 22, which can effectively solve the problem of multiple temperature levels of the battery pack. Through the combination of the phase change component 52 and the packaging component 51, the functions of heat dissipation, flame retardancy, vibration resistance, waterproofness and insulation are achieved.

[0065] In some embodiments, at least one cooling channel is configured with the first power generation module 3, and the cooling channel is connected with the inlet side of the water outlet pipe 23 through the inner layer pipe 312. In a specific embodiment, one cooling channel is correspondingly configured with one first power generation module 3.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of cooling channels on the topmost liquid cooling plate 22 in the height direction are respectively provided with a plurality of first power generation modules 3. For a plurality of stacked unit frames 11, if heat gradually gathers to the topmost end, the temperature in the topmost unit frame 11 is the highest, which is beneficial to improving the working efficiency of the first power generation module 3 in power generation through temperature difference.

[0067] As a preferred technical solution, see Figure 1The battery thermal management device also includes an air cooling system 6, and the liquid cooling system 2 is arranged at the air cooling output side of the air cooling system 6. Any power generation module is electrically connected to the air cooling system 6 to provide driving power to the air cooling system 6. The air cooling system 6 is equipped with an air cooling pump, which is suitable for draining to the liquid cooling system 2 on the bracket 1 to improve cooling energy and cooling efficiency. The battery thermal management device provided in this embodiment sets the air cooling output side of the air cooling system 6 toward the downstream side of the liquid cooling system 2, such as covering and setting it toward a plurality of water outlet pipes 23 distributed at intervals. This setting is conducive to improving the heat collection defect of the liquid cooling system 2; since the coolant in the cooling channel inside the liquid cooling system 2 gradually absorbs the heat transferred by the liquid cooling plate 22, the coolant temperature gradually rises in the flow direction, making the heat dissipation condition of the power battery worse and worse, which will cause uneven heat distribution among the power batteries. As the power battery works, heat will be collected at the end face of the power battery in the downstream area of ​​the cooling channel, and heat convection will be actively established through the air cooling system 6 to reduce the temperature here, reduce the temperature difference of the overall power battery pack, improve the thermal management capability, and also help to increase the service life of the power battery.

[0068] As a further embodiment, the battery thermal management device also includes a power supply unit (not shown in the figure), the charging side of the power supply unit is electrically connected to the first power generation module 3 and the second power generation module 4, and the discharge side of the power supply unit is electrically connected to the circulation pump 21 of the liquid cooling system 2 and the air cooling pump of the air cooling system 6.

[0069] When an electric ship is working, its internal power battery will continue to generate heat and emit a large amount of heat. For related technologies, the emitted heat is not reasonably utilized, thus wasting this part of heat energy.

[0070] The battery thermal management device provided in this embodiment realizes the battery thermal management through the coupling of active liquid cooling system 2, air cooling system 6 cooling and phase change cooling system 5 passive cooling; and through the temperature difference power generation of the first power generation module 3 and the pressure difference power generation of the second power generation module 4, the conversion between thermal energy, mechanical energy and electrical energy is realized, the energy loss is reduced, and the electrical energy is increased to the circulation pump 21 and the air cooling pump, thereby improving the utilization of thermal energy and residual pressure energy, reducing energy loss, and being conducive to achieving the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0071] The present invention also provides an electric ship, comprising a plurality of power batteries and a battery thermal management device, wherein the power batteries are loaded in the battery thermal management device.

[0072] The electric ship provided in this embodiment can improve the thermal management performance and thermal safety of the ship's batteries, rationally utilize the excess heat generated when the power batteries are working, and supply it to active cooling through temperature difference power generation and residual pressure power generation, thereby reducing the energy consumption problem of the thermal management system and realizing energy-saving application of the ship's battery thermal management system.

[0073] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A battery thermal management device, characterized in that: include: A bracket (1) comprises a plurality of unit frames (11) stacked and arranged along a first direction, wherein at least one storage cavity suitable for loading a power battery is arranged in the unit frame (11); A liquid cooling system (2) is installed on the bracket (1), the liquid cooling system (2) comprises a circulation pump (21), a liquid cooling plate (22) and a conduit (24), a cooling channel is provided in the liquid cooling plate (22), the output side of the circulation pump (21) is connected to one end of the cooling channel, the other end of the cooling channel is connected to the conduit (24), the conduit (24) is connected to the input side of the circulation pump (21), a plurality of liquid cooling plates (22) are arranged in a spaced relationship along a first direction, two liquid cooling plates (22) adjacent to each other in upper and lower directions are jointly constructed to form the unit frame (11), the liquid cooling system (2) is suitable for circulating a liquid cooling medium to exchange heat with the storage cavity, and the conduit (24) is extended along the first direction; A first power generation module (3) is arranged at the end of the cooling channel connected to the conduit (24), and the first power generation module (3) is used for temperature difference power generation; A second power generation module (4) is installed on the conduit (24), and the second power generation module (4) is used to generate electricity through the pressure difference of the liquid cooling medium; any power generation module is electrically connected to the circulation pump (21) to provide driving power to the circulation pump (21).

2. The battery thermal management device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first power generation module (3) comprises a tube structure (31) and a temperature difference power generation element (32); the tube structure (31) comprises an outer tube (311) and an inner tube (312); the outer tube (311) is sleeved and arranged outside the inner tube (312); one side of the temperature difference power generation element (32) abuts against the inner wall surface of the outer tube (311); the other side of the temperature difference power generation element (32) abuts against the outer wall surface of the inner tube (312); the outer tube (311) and the liquid cooling plate (22) are arranged to conduct heat; and the inner tube (312) and the cooling channel are arranged to communicate.

3. The battery thermal management device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid cooling plate (22) is provided with a plurality of cooling channels. The liquid cooling system (2) further comprises a water outlet pipe (23). The water outlet pipe (23) and the pipe body structure (31) are fixedly connected. The discharge side of any cooling channel is connected to the inlet side of the water outlet pipe (23). The discharge side of the water outlet pipe (23) is connected to the conduit (24). A plurality of water outlet pipes (23) are provided. The plurality of water outlet pipes (23) are arranged in parallel at intervals along a first direction. The plurality of water outlet pipes (23) are arranged in parallel between the circulation pump (21) and the conduit (24).

4. The battery thermal management device according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least one of the cooling channels is configured for the first power generation module (3), and the cooling channel is connected to the inlet side of the water outlet pipe (23) through the inner layer pipe (312).

5. The battery thermal management device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second power generation module (4) comprises a permanent magnet rotor component (41), a stator component (42), a bearing (43), a rotating shaft (44) and an impeller (45); the stator component (42) is fixedly connected to the conduit (24); the stator component (42) and the permanent magnet rotor component (41) are rotatably arranged; the bearing (43) is fixedly connected in the conduit (24); the rotating shaft (44) is rotatably sleeved in the bearing (43); one end of the rotating shaft (44) is fixedly connected to the impeller (45); and the other end of the rotating shaft (44) is fixedly connected to the permanent magnet rotor component (41).

6. The battery thermal management device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second power generation module (4) is provided with one, and the second power generation module (4) is arranged at the end of the conduit (24). The second power generation module (4) also includes a sealing block (46), and the sealing block (46) is connected to the conduit (24). The connecting port between the water outlet pipe (23) and the conduit (24) is arranged between the sealing block (46) and the impeller (45).

7. The battery thermal management device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The battery thermal management device also includes a phase change cooling system (5), the phase change cooling system (5) is installed in the unit frame (11), the phase change cooling system (5) includes a phase change component (52) and a packaging component (51), the phase change component (52) is suitable for being heat-conductingly arranged with a power battery, the two ends of the phase change component (52) are heat-conductingly fixedly connected between two adjacent liquid cooling plates (22), and the packaging component (51) is internally structured to form a storage cavity suitable for loading a power battery.

8. The battery thermal management device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The phase change element (52) and the packaging element (51) are respectively arranged as column structures, the packaging element (51) and the storage cavity are arranged correspondingly, and the packaging element (51) is arranged in a rectangular array between two adjacent liquid cooling plates (22).

9. The battery thermal management device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The battery thermal management device also includes an air cooling system (6), the liquid cooling system (2) is arranged on the air cooling output side of the air cooling system (6), and any power generation module is electrically connected to the air cooling system (6) to provide driving power to the air cooling system (6).

10. An electric ship, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of power batteries and the battery thermal management device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the power batteries are loaded in the battery thermal management device.

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