Energy capturer based on micro vibration of metro floating slab track

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy capturer based on micro vibration of a metro floating slab track, and relates to the field of vibration energy capture. The energy capturer comprises a rack system, a transmission shaft system, a reversing device, a generator system, a mounting bottom plate, a rigid support and the like, when a subway train passes, the floating slab track generates tiny vibration; the device is installed in an observation hole of a metro floating slab track, and a rack system is anchored to the side wall of the observation hole and used for inputting track vibration into an energy capturer. The one-way transmission mechanism converts two-way vertical motion of the floating slab track into one-way rotating motion and transmits the one-way rotating motion to the three-phase alternating-current generator, and the output performance and the structural strength of the device are improved. The metro floating slab track vibration energy conversion device can convert metro floating slab track vibration energy into usable electric energy, does not affect normal work of track facilities, can be widely applied to metro floating slab tracks, and achieves self-power supply of a metro sensor network.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vibration energy capture, in particular to an electromagnetic energy capturer used for capturing vibration energy of a subway floating plate track. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of urban subway rail transit networks, in order to reduce the impact of vibration on track superstructures and vehicles, the means of laying floating ballast bed vibration isolation has been increasingly widely used. In order to facilitate the observation of the status of the floating slab ballast bed, to understand whether there is water accumulation in the drainage ditch and to facilitate the removal of debris, several observation holes are pre-set on the floating slab.

[0003] The increasingly dense subway transportation operation network has put forward higher requirements for track safety monitoring. Many distributed sensor monitoring networks have been applied to the field of subway rail transportation. These sensors are used to monitor the damage of the track to ensure the safe operation of the train and reduce the cost of manual inspection. The sensors are mainly powered by chemical batteries, which brings problems of regular maintenance and environmental pollution.

[0004] At present, scholars at home and abroad have carried out a lot of research on energy capture in rail transit. Vibration energy capture, as a new type of green energy technology, can convert vibration energy in the environment into electrical energy that can be used by distributed electronic devices through electromagnetic, piezoelectric, friction and other energy conversion methods. When a train passes through the track, the track will vibrate. Although the amplitude is limited, the force it is subjected to is huge. According to statistics, a 40km / h, 160m long train can exert a force of 89-133kN on the track, which can generate 3-5kW of available power. Even in the case of large losses, if some of the energy can be used a little, it can still meet the power supply needs of track-side equipment. These energy capturers used in rail transit are mostly installed on rails and vehicle suspensions, and have good output performance.

[0005] However, there are relatively few studies on energy capture of subway floating slab tracks at home and abroad. There are two main problems: First, the energy conversion method of energy capturers based on subway floating slab vibration is mostly piezoelectric, which cannot be guaranteed in terms of output power and structural strength; second, the plate structure of subway floating slab tracks is different from the rail-sleeper system of conventional railways, and the energy capturer can be installed in fewer locations. The installation locations of existing studies are mostly concentrated in the narrow space at the top of the vibration isolation cylinder, which cannot be directly connected to the fixed foundation, and thus cannot achieve efficient transmission of floating slab track displacement. Therefore, it is necessary to design an efficient, stable, and reliable electromagnetic vibration energy capturer to capture the vibration energy of subway floating slab tracks. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention discloses an energy capturer based on the tiny vibration of the subway floating plate track. The present invention is efficient, stable, and reliable to install, and can capture the vibration energy generated by the track when a train passes by.

[0007] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention is an energy harvester based on the micro-vibration of a subway floating plate track, and specifically comprises: a rack system (1), a transmission shaft system (2), a reversing device (3), a first coupling (4), a generator system (5), a mounting base plate (6), and a rigid support (7), and the device is mounted on the floating plate track (8). The rack system (1) is anchored to an observation hole (81), and transmits the bidirectional vertical motion of the floating plate track (8) to the transmission shaft system (2), and converts it into a unidirectional rotational motion. Furthermore, the transmission shaft (21) transmits the rotation to the generator system (5) through the reversing device (3) and the first coupling (4), and finally realizes the conversion of the vibration energy of the subway floating plate track into electrical energy.

[0009] Furthermore, in the rack system (1), the right-handed helical rack (11) and the left-handed helical rack (12) are installed on the helical rack fixing frame (13) through the helical rack fixing hole (131), the helical rack fixing frame (13) is anchored to the connecting block (14) through the connecting block fixing hole (132), the connecting block (14) is connected to the guide rail slider (15) through the guide rail slider fixing hole (141), the guide rail slider (15) can move along the linear guide rail (16), and the use of symmetrical guide rails ensures the stability of the movement of the helical rack; the linear guide rail (16) is fixed to the guide rail fixing plate (17) through the guide rail fixing plate fixing hole (161), the guide rail fixing plate (17) is fixed to the foundation (82) through the foundation fixing hole (171), and the helical rack fixing frame (13) is anchored to the observation hole x-side wall (811) by bolts through the floating plate observation hole fixing hole (133).

[0010] Furthermore, the transmission shaft system (2) meshes with the rack system (1) to convert the linear motion of the floating plate track (8) into the rotational motion of the transmission shaft (21); the left-handed helical gear (231) and the right-handed helical gear (241) are internally provided with a front one-way bearing (232) and a rear one-way bearing (242); the transmission shaft (21) is supported by a front double bearing seat (22) and a rear double bearing seat (25); the front and rear bearing seats contain back-to-back angular contact ball bearings (221); the bearing seat holes are provided with retaining springs (222) ) is used to limit the position of the back-to-back angular contact ball bearings (221); a shaft sleeve (26) and a locking nut (27) are installed on the transmission shaft (21) for axial positioning, wherein the locking nut (27) is locked by the shaft external thread (212); in the transmission shaft system (2), the front and rear one-way bearings (232, 242) have an inner keyway (234) and an outer keyway (235), and the one-way bearing shaft side flat key (211) and the one-way bearing hole side flat key (233) are used to achieve circumferential positioning of related components.

[0011] Furthermore, the left-handed helical gear (231) is internally provided with a front one-way bearing (232), and the right-handed helical gear (241) is internally provided with a rear one-way bearing (242). The two one-way bearings are installed in the same direction. When the rack system (1) moves downward, they enter a meshing state, converting the vertical displacement into the rotational motion of the transmission shaft system (2); when the rack system (1) moves upward, they are disengaged. At this time, the front and rear one-way bearings (232, 242) idle and do not transmit torque. The one-way rotation of the generator shaft within the entire motion cycle is completed by relying on the inertia of the flywheel (54) and the three-phase AC generator (31) itself.

[0012] Furthermore, the reversing device (3) is used for reversing in the observation hole (81) to achieve compact installation. One end of the commutator (31) is connected to the transmission shaft system (2), and the other end is connected to the generator system (5) through the first coupling (4). The bottom of the commutator (31) is fixed to the installation base plate (6) through the commutator support (32).

[0013] Furthermore, in the generator system (5), the three-phase AC generator (51) is fixed on the mounting base plate (6) by a generator fixing frame (52) and supported by a generator support seat (53). The generator support seat (53) is provided with a fastening hole (531), and the generator support seat (53) can be fastened by tightening the bolts; the second coupling (59) connects the three-phase AC generator (51) and the flywheel shaft (55); the flywheel (54) is circumferentially fixed to the flywheel shaft (55) by a keyway, and is axially fixed by a shaft retaining ring (58); and the single bearing seat (56) supports the flywheel shaft (55).

[0014] Furthermore, the mounting base plate (6) is in an "L" shape and is provided with a base plate positioning groove (61), which can maintain the accurate position of each component during the assembly and transmission process; in addition, through the double bearing seat threaded holes (62), the commutator fixing holes (63), the generator fixing frame fixing holes (64), the generator support seat fixing holes (65), the rigid support fixing holes (66), and the single bearing seat threaded holes (67), the mounting base plate (6) is fixed to other components and anchored to the foundation (82) through the rigid support (7).

[0015] This device has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The present invention installs a vibration energy capturer in the observation hole of the subway floating plate, and uses transmission mechanisms such as a gear system, a transmission shaft system, and a reversing device to convert the bidirectional vertical motion of the floating plate track into a unidirectional rotational motion of a three-phase AC generator, thereby generating electrical energy, thereby achieving stable and reliable capture of the vibration energy of the floating plate track.

[0017] 2. The energy harvester adopts one-way transmission, which improves the working efficiency of the generator and optimizes the energy output performance. In terms of structural strength, the one-way transmission makes full use of all the teeth of the gear, rather than just a few teeth at the meshing point of the gear rack, which is beneficial to improving the service life of the gear. In addition, during one-way transmission, during the upward movement stage of the rack system, the rigid support is subjected to downward pressure, and during the upward movement stage of the rack system, the rigid support is not subjected to force, so it will not cause damage to the foundation.

[0018] 3. A left-handed helical gear and a right-handed helical gear are installed on the transmission shaft. The two have the same module and number of teeth, but opposite rotation directions. The axial forces generated during the transmission process are of the same magnitude but opposite directions, which can offset the axial forces and improve the overall structural strength of the energy capturer.

[0019] 4. The helical rack fixing frame is anchored to the x-direction side wall of the observation hole. During the operation of the train, the vibration displacement of the floating plate track in the x-direction can be ignored. Therefore, under this installation method, the gear rack will hardly be squeezed, which will lead to a decrease in transmission and energy conversion efficiency.

[0020] 5. The installation base is "L" shaped, so that the energy capturer surrounds the edge of the observation hole, making full use of the limited installation space and leaving a complete space, which will not affect the observation of the drainage ditch after installation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 An exploded view of the rack system of the device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3An exploded view of the transmission shaft system of the device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the left-hand helical gear system of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the commutator structure of the device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom plate structure of the device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the floating plate track;

[0029] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the floating slab track cross section.

[0030] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1- rack system, 11- right-handed helical rack, 12- left-handed helical rack, 13- helical rack fixing frame, 131- helical rack fixing hole, 132- connecting block fixing hole, 133- floating plate observation hole fixing hole, 14- connecting block, 141- guide rail slider fixing hole, 15- guide rail slider, 16- linear guide, 161- guide rail fixing plate fixing hole, 17- guide rail fixing plate, 171- foundation fixing hole, 172- guide rail positioning groove, 2- transmission shaft system, 21- transmission shaft, 211- one-way bearing Shaft side flat key, 212-shaft external thread, 213-commutator end flat key, 214-transmission shaft shoulder, 215-transmission shaft keyway, 22-front double bearing seat, 221-back-to-back angular contact ball bearing, 222-bearing seat hole retaining spring, 223-double bearing seat through hole, 23-left-hand helical gear system, 231-left-hand helical gear, 232-front one-way bearing, 233-one-way bearing hole side flat key, 234-inner keyway, 235-outer keyway, 236-helical gear keyway, 237-helical gear hole retaining spring, 24- Right-hand helical gear system, 241-right-hand helical gear, 242-rear one-way bearing, 25-rear double bearing seat, 26-sleeve, 27-locking nut, 3-reversing device, 31-commutator, 311-commutation input hole, 312-commutation output shaft, 32-commutator support, 4-first coupling, 5-generator system, 51-three-phase AC generator, 511-generator input shaft, 512-generator output shaft, 52-generator fixing frame, 53-generator support seat, 531-fastening hole, 54-flywheel, 55 -flywheel shaft, 56-single bearing seat, 57-deep groove ball bearing, 58-shaft retaining ring, 59-second coupling, 6-mounting base plate, 61-base plate positioning groove, 62-double bearing seat threaded hole, 63-commutator fixing hole, 64-generator fixing frame fixing hole, 65-generator support seat fixing hole, 66-rigid support fixing hole, 67-single bearing seat threaded hole, 7-rigid support, 8-floating plate track, 81-observation hole, 811-observation hole x-direction side wall, 82-foundation, 821-drainage ditch, 83-floating plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0032] The present invention and its implementation methods are described below, which are not restrictive and the actual implementation methods are not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in this field are inspired by it and design structural methods and implementation methods similar to the technical solution without deviating from the purpose of the invention, such as changing the size of the transmission mechanism, the transmission ratio and other measures, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the device is an energy harvester based on the micro-vibration of the subway floating plate track, comprising a rack system (1), a transmission shaft system (2), a reversing device (3), a first coupling (4), a generator system (5), a mounting base plate (6), and a rigid support (7). The device is installed at Figure 6 The floating plate track (8) shown in the figure has a rack system (1) anchored in the observation hole (81), which transmits the bidirectional vertical motion of the floating plate track (8) to the transmission shaft system (2), and further converts it into a unidirectional rotational motion. The transmission shaft (21) transmits the rotation to the generator system (5) through the reversing device (3) and the first coupling (4), and finally realizes the conversion of the vibration energy of the subway floating plate track into electrical energy.

[0034] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the rack system of the device of the present invention. In order to facilitate the clear display of the main components, the fasteners and bolts have been omitted in the figure. Figure 2 As shown, the left-handed helical rack (11) and the right-handed helical rack (12) are symmetrically arranged, with threaded holes on the back, and are fixed to the helical rack fixing frame (13) through the helical rack fixing holes (131). The helical rack fixing frame (13) is provided with connecting block fixing holes (132) on the left and right sides for fixing with two symmetrical connecting blocks (141); the rear is provided with a floating plate observation hole fixing hole, which is connected to the helical rack fixing frame (13). Figure 6 The observation hole shown is anchored to the x-direction side wall (811), so that the vertical vibration of the floating plate track (8) can be transmitted to the rack system (1). The other side of the connecting block (14) is connected to the threaded hole on the guide rail slider (15) through the guide rail slider fixing hole (141), and the guide rail slider (15) can slide freely along the linear guide (16). The linear guide (16) is fixed in the guide rail positioning groove (172) of the guide rail fixing plate (17) to ensure the parallelism of the installation of the linear guides (16) on both sides to achieve smooth vertical movement of the rack; the bottom of the guide rail fixing plate (17) is connected to the foundation fixing hole (171) Figure 6 , 7 The foundation (82) is shown anchored.

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, by meshing with the rack system (1), the transmission shaft system (2) converts the bidirectional vertical motion into the unidirectional rotation motion of the transmission shaft (21). The left-handed helical gear (231) and the right-handed helical gear (241) are internally provided with a front one-way bearing (232) and a rear one-way bearing (242), and the two one-way bearings are installed in the same direction. When the rack system (1) moves downward, they enter a meshing state, and convert the vertical displacement into the rotation motion of the transmission shaft system (2); when the rack system (1) moves upward, they are disengaged. At this time, the front and rear one-way bearings (232, 242) idle and do not transmit torque. The flywheel (54) and the inertia of the three-phase AC generator (31) complete the unidirectional rotation of the generator shaft in the entire motion cycle, thereby improving the working efficiency of the generator; the unidirectional transmission is conducive to making full use of all the teeth of the gear and improving the service life of the gear; and in the upward movement stage of the rack system (1), the rigid support (7) is not subjected to force, and will not cause damage to the foundation (82). The front and rear one-way bearings (232, 242) have keyways inside and outside, and the inner keyway (234) and the transmission shaft keyway (215) are matched through the one-way bearing shaft side flat key (211) to perform circumferential fixation; the outer keyway (235) and the transmission shaft keyway (215) are matched through the one-way bearing hole side flat key (233) to perform circumferential fixation. Figure 4 The helical gear keyway (236) shown in FIG. Figure 4 The helical gear hole is shown with a retaining ring (237) for fixing the front one-way bearing (232). The left-handed helical gear (231) and the right-handed helical gear (241) correspond to the right-handed helical rack (11) and the left-handed helical rack (12) respectively. The two helical gears have the same module, number of teeth and thickness, but opposite directions. The axial forces generated are also equal in magnitude and opposite in direction, and can offset each other to reduce the structural stress during transmission and increase the structural strength. The transmission shaft (21) is supported by a front double bearing seat (22) and a rear double bearing seat (25), and the bearing seats are fixed to a bottom plate through double bearing seat through holes (223); the front and rear bearing seats contain back-to-back angular contact ball bearings (221), and the bearing seat holes are provided with retaining rings (222) for limiting the positions of the back-to-back angular contact ball bearings (221); the transmission shaft (21) is provided with a transmission shaft shoulder (214), a plurality of shaft sleeves (26) and a locking nut (27) for axially positioning the left-handed helical gear system (23), the right-handed helical gear system (24) and the rear double bearing seat (25), wherein the shaft sleeve (26) is pressed against the inner ring of the bearing, and the locking nut (27) locks the right-handed helical gear system (24) through the shaft external thread (212), and the front double bearing seat (22) is axially fixed through the transmission shaft shoulder (214). The transmission shaft (21) is connected to the commutation input hole (311) via a commutator end flat key (213).

[0036] like Figure 5As shown, the rotational motion is input from the commutation input hole (311), and is driven by the internal gear of the commutator (31) to achieve the commutation of the rotational motion, and is output from the commutation output shaft (312); the commutator (31) is fixed to the mounting base plate (6) through the commutator support (32). It is worth noting that the transmission ratio of the internal gear of the commutator (31) can be changed according to parameters such as the actual vehicle speed and the length of the floating plate to better adapt to environmental requirements.

[0037] like Figure 6 As shown, the reversing output shaft (312) further transmits the rotation to the generator input shaft (511) of the generator system (5) through the first coupling (4). The three-phase AC generator (51) is fixed to the mounting base plate (6) by the generator fixing frame (52), and is supported by the generator support seat (53). The generator support seat (53) is provided with a fastening hole (531), and the generator support seat (53) can be fastened by tightening the bolts; the second coupling (59) connects the generator output shaft (512) and the flywheel shaft (55), the flywheel (54) is circumferentially fixed to the flywheel shaft (55) through the keyway, and is axially fixed by the shaft retaining ring (58), and the single bearing seat (56) supports the flywheel shaft (55), and is equipped with the following: Figure 1 The deep groove ball bearing (57) is shown. Preferably, the flywheel (54) is made of stainless steel, and the diameter, thickness and other parameters are selected and adjusted according to the actual vehicle speed and other on-site conditions to meet the comprehensive requirements of actual output power and structural strength.

[0038] like Figure 7 As shown, the mounting base plate (6) is in an "L" shape, so that the energy harvester surrounds the edge of the observation hole (81), making full use of the limited installation space and leaving a complete space without affecting its observation function; the mounting base plate (6) is provided with a base plate positioning groove (61), which can maintain the accuracy of the position of each component during the assembly process and ensure the smooth operation of the transmission mechanism during the transmission process. The mounting base plate (6) is fixed to other components through the double bearing seat threaded holes (62), the commutator fixing holes (63), the generator fixing frame fixing holes (64), the generator support seat fixing holes (65), the rigid support fixing holes (66), and the single bearing seat threaded holes (67), and is anchored to the foundation (82) through the rigid support (7).

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, the bottom of the floating plate track (8) is a foundation (82) with a drainage ditch (821), and the floating plate (83) is above the foundation (82); the floating plate (83) is provided with an observation hole (81). The rack system (1) of the energy capture device is anchored to the x-direction side wall (811) of the observation hole, as shown in FIG. Figure 1The rigid support (7) and the guide rail fixing plate (17) shown are anchored to the foundation (82). This installation method has the advantages of high structural strength, saving installation space, and making full use of the vibration of the floating plate track. In addition, due to the "L"-shaped design of the installation base plate (6), the normal function of the observation hole is not affected. Fig. 9 Yes Figure 8 Supplementary explanation: from the cross-section, the floating plate (83) is provided with an observation hole (81), the foundation (82) is provided with a drainage ditch (821), the floating plate (83) vibrates when a train passes by, and the foundation (82) always remains stationary.

[0040] The present invention proposes an energy harvester based on the tiny vibration of the subway floating plate track. By reasonably selecting the installation position and designing the transmission mechanism, the vibration energy of the floating plate track when the train passes by is converted into the electric energy of a three-phase AC generator, thereby realizing the self-power supply of the subway rail transit wireless sensor network.

Claims

1. An energy harvester based on the micro-vibration of subway floating slab tracks, characterized in that: It comprises a rack system (1), a transmission shaft system (2), a reversing device (3), a first coupling (4), a generator system (5), a mounting base plate (6), and a rigid support (7): In the rack system (1), a right-handed helical rack (11) and a left-handed helical rack (12) are mounted on a helical rack fixing frame (13), the helical rack fixing frame (13) is connected to a guide rail slider (15) via a connecting block (14), the guide rail slider (15) can move along a linear guide rail (16), the linear guide rail (16) is fixed to a guide rail fixing plate (17), the guide rail fixing plate (17) is anchored to a foundation (82), and the helical rack fixing frame (13) is anchored to an x-direction side wall (811) of the observation hole; The transmission shaft system (2) meshes with the rack system (1) to convert the linear motion of the floating plate track (8) into the rotational motion of the transmission shaft (21); the left-handed helical gear (231) and the right-handed helical gear (241) are internally provided with a front one-way bearing (232) and a rear one-way bearing (242); the transmission shaft (21) is supported by a front double bearing seat (22) and a rear double bearing seat (25); the front and rear double bearing seats (22, 25) contain back-to-back angular contact ball bearings (221); a shaft sleeve (26) and a locking nut (27) are installed on the transmission shaft (21) to perform axial positioning on the remaining components; The reversing device (3) is used for reversing in the observation hole (81) to achieve compact installation, one end of the reversing device (31) is connected to the transmission shaft system (2), and the other end is connected to the generator system (5) through the first coupling (4); In the generator system (5), the three-phase AC generator (51) is fixed on the mounting base plate (6) by a generator fixing frame (52) and supported by a generator support seat (53); the second coupling (59) connects the three-phase AC generator (51) and the flywheel shaft (55); the flywheel (54) is mounted on the flywheel shaft (55); and the single bearing seat (56) supports the flywheel shaft (55); The mounting base plate (6) is used to fix the positions of the transmission shaft system (2) and the generator system (5), and is anchored to the foundation (82) through a rigid support (7).

2. The energy harvester based on the micro vibration of the subway floating plate track according to claim 1 is characterized in that The front one-way bearing (232), the rear one-way bearing (242) and the flywheel (54) can convert the bidirectional vertical movement of the track floating plate (8) into the unidirectional rotational movement of the three-phase AC generator (51) within the entire movement cycle, which is beneficial to improving energy conversion efficiency and structural strength.

3. The energy harvester based on the micro vibration of subway floating plate track according to claim 1 is characterized in that The transmission shaft system (2) uses more than one helical gear for transmission. A left-handed helical gear (231) and a right-handed helical gear (241) are installed on the transmission shaft (21). The two have the same module and number of teeth and opposite rotation directions. During the transmission process, axial force can be offset, thereby improving the structural strength.

4. The energy harvester based on the micro vibration of subway floating plate track according to claim 1 is characterized in that The helical rack fixing frame (13) and the rigid support (7) are anchored to the x-direction side wall (811) of the observation hole and the foundation (82) respectively. The installation space in the observation hole (81) is sufficient to meet the accommodation requirements of the energy capture device, and the vibration displacement of the floating plate track (8) in the x-direction can be ignored. Therefore, under this installation method, the gear rack will hardly be squeezed, thereby reducing the transmission and energy conversion efficiency.

5. The energy harvester based on the micro vibration of subway floating slab track according to claim 1 is characterized in that The installation base plate (6) is in an "L" shape and does not affect the observation of the drainage ditch (821) after installation.

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