Stacked thermoelectric power generation system adopting vapor chamber

Abstract

The invention discloses a stacked thermoelectric power generation system adopting a vapor chamber. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system comprises a heat exchanger, the vapor chamber, a radiator, a temperature sensor, a thermoelectric module and a control system. Thermoelectric modules are arranged on the vapor chamber, and temperature sensors are arranged on the thermoelectric modules and inlets and outlets of the heat exchangers. The cold end of the thermoelectric module is provided with a radiator, and a water inlet and a water outlet of the radiator are connected with a water tank controlled by the decision computer. The vapor chamber and the thermoelectric generator are combined, so that the number of thermoelectric modules carried by the thermoelectric generator is increased, and the influence of heat flow temperature drop on the output performance of the thermoelectric modules connected in series is solved. In addition, a control strategy is provided to cope with changes of heat flow temperature and flow, and the output performance of the thermoelectric generator and the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric module are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of thermoelectric power generation and heat recovery, and in particular relates to a stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber. Background Art

[0002] Thermoelectric power generation technology has attracted much attention in recent years. It uses the movement of carriers inside solid materials to directly convert waste heat into electrical energy, becoming an efficient and environmentally friendly way of energy utilization. Compared with traditional power generation methods, thermoelectric power generation does not require moving parts, operates without noise, and does not produce pollutants. In the context of energy resource shortages and environmental protection, thermoelectric power generation has great potential and provides broad application prospects for achieving sustainable energy utilization.

[0003] There are generally two types of common thermoelectric generators at present, one is the thermoelectric generator with a plate heat exchanger, and the other is the thermoelectric generator with a ring heat exchanger. For the thermoelectric generator with a traditional plate heat exchanger, the number of thermoelectric modules it carries is limited, the energy in the heat flow cannot be efficiently utilized, and it is not easy to be directly integrated into the circular heat flow pipeline. For the thermoelectric generator with a ring heat exchanger, although it can solve the problem that the thermoelectric generator with a traditional plate heat exchanger is insufficient in thermoelectric modules and is not easy to be directly connected to the heat flow pipeline. However, the thermocouples used in the thermoelectric generator with a ring heat exchanger are ring-shaped, which is not easy to make, and the cost is extremely high, and the reliability is reduced. In addition, no matter which type of heat exchanger, there is a problem that the temperature continues to drop during the flow of heat flow along the heat exchanger, which affects the output performance of the thermoelectric modules carried by the thermoelectric generator when they are connected in series.

[0004] Considering that in actual applications, the temperature and flow of heat flow are constantly changing, traditional thermoelectric generators cannot adjust their working state according to the changes in heat flow temperature and flow. When the heat flow temperature and mass flow are large, the thermal energy of the heat flow cannot be effectively utilized, resulting in energy waste. When the heat flow temperature and mass flow are small, the thermoelectric module cannot work efficiently, making the thermoelectric module inefficient. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber to solve the problem of insufficient thermoelectric modules in conventional thermoelectric generators and the influence of heat flow and temperature drop on the output performance of thermoelectric modules connected in series. By utilizing the heat transfer ability and good temperature uniformity of the vapor chamber, more thermoelectric modules can be installed and the output performance of thermoelectric modules connected in series can be improved.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly includes the following technical solutions:

[0007] A stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber includes: a heat exchanger, a vapor chamber, a radiator, a temperature sensor, a thermoelectric module, and a control system. The heat exchanger is connected to the vapor chamber; a thermoelectric module is arranged on the vapor chamber, and a temperature sensor is arranged on each thermoelectric module and at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger; a radiator is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric module, and the water inlet and outlet of the radiator are connected to a water tank controlled by a decision-making computer.

[0008] In order to make the temperature T of the heat flow out of the heat exchanger out Within a reasonable range, the following control procedure is designed: First, the temperature sensor measures the inlet temperature T of the heat flow into the heat exchanger in , the decision computer will obtain the temperature T of the heat flow at the heat exchanger inlet in and the required outlet temperature T ex Compare, when T in Greater than T ex The decision-making computer controls the water tank to pass the coolant with a temperature of Tc and a flow rate of v to the 2*(m+2) radiators on the upper and lower sides of the heat exchanger 1. If T in Less than T ex At this time, the water tank is not working, no coolant is passed into all radiators, and the heat flow temperature continues to be detected.

[0009] Furthermore, when the water tank passes the cooling medium to the radiator, the temperature sensor detects the cold end temperature of the thermoelectric module under the radiator into which the coolant passes, and the decision computer uses the obtained cold end temperature T tem With 1.1T c For comparison, when T tem Less than 1.1T c When T tem More than 1.1T c When T tem Less than 1.1T c .

[0010] Furthermore, when the coolant is passed into the radiator, the thermoelectric module below the radiator where the coolant is passed generates electricity due to the Seebeck effect due to the temperature difference. In addition, the coolant also takes away a lot of heat, which eventually reduces the temperature of the heat flow. At this time, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the heat flow outlet and calculates the heat flow outlet temperature T out With T ex for comparison.

[0011] When the heat flow outlet temperature T out More than 1.1T ex When the decision computer calculates that the temperature at the heat flow point drops to T exThe required heat release Q1 = cm(T out -T ex ), and then calculate the energy absorbed by the currently activated radiator and the thermoelectric module it contacts from the heat flow Q2 = cm (T in -T out ), according to Y=Q1 / Q2 / (the number of radiators 3 that have been started), the number Y of radiators that need to be started next is obtained.

[0012] But the heat flow outlet temperature T out Less than 1.1T ex When the temperature sensor detects the heat flow temperature at the inlet, the decision computer determines the heat flow inlet temperature T in To determine whether the temperature of the heat flow at the heat exchanger inlet is lower than T ex , if T in Less than T ex , the decision-making computer controls the water tank to not work, and all radiators do not receive liquid coolant. in Greater than T ex , then continue to judge T out Is it greater than 0.9T? ex If it is greater than 0.9T ex , then the heat flow outlet temperature T out , within a reasonable range, maintain the current working status. in Greater than T ex , and T out Less than 0.9T ex When the outlet heat flow temperature rises to T ex The required heat Q1 = cm(T ex -T out ), and then calculate the energy absorbed by the currently activated radiator and the thermoelectric module it contacts from the heat flow Q2 = cm (T in -T out ), according to Y=Q1 / Q2 / (the number of radiators that have been started), the number Y of radiators that need to be closed next is obtained.

[0013] Furthermore, according to the stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a heat spreader as described in the claim, it is characterized in that, when the number Y of radiators to be started is calculated, it is necessary to first determine whether the number of radiators that have not been started is greater than or equal to Y. If the number of radiators that have not been started is greater than or equal to Y, the decision computer controls to open Y radiators, otherwise the remaining radiators are opened first, and then the radiators are opened, for a total of Y radiators. In addition, when the number Y of radiators to be closed is calculated, it is necessary to first determine whether the number of radiators that have been started is greater than or equal to Y. If the number of radiators that have been started is greater than or equal to Y, the decision computer controls to close Y radiators, otherwise the opened radiators are closed first, and then the opened radiators are closed, for a total of Y radiators.

[0014] Finally, when the decision computer controls to open Y radiators, the water tank starts to pass coolant with temperature Tc and flow rate v to the opened radiators, detects the temperature of the thermoelectric module, adjusts the coolant flow rate, and detects the heat flow outlet temperature, and repeats the above operations.

[0015] When the decision computer controls to close Y radiators, the water tank stops supplying coolant to the closed radiators, detects the temperature of the thermoelectric module, adjusts the coolant flow rate, detects the heat flow outlet temperature, and repeats the above operations.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0017] 1. By utilizing the heat transfer characteristics of the heat spreader, the area where the thermoelectric module is mounted is expanded, and the thermoelectric generator is enabled to make more full use of the thermal energy in the heat flow, thus solving the problem of insufficient output power of the thermoelectric generator.

[0018] 2. Utilize the good temperature uniformity of the vapor chamber to solve the impact of temperature drop during heat flow on thermoelectric modules connected in series, and improve the output performance of the thermoelectric generator.

[0019] 3. The control strategy designed in this paper can be well applied to the changes in heat flow temperature and flow in practical applications. When the temperature and flow are large, more thermoelectric modules are started to generate electricity, and when the temperature and flow are small, fewer thermoelectric modules are used to improve the working efficiency of the thermoelectric modules and achieve greater performance output. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention without the heat sink 3;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention without the heat sink 3 and the thermoelectric module 5;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a front view of the present invention without the heat sink 3 and the thermoelectric module 5;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a thermoelectric module in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the internal flow channel of the radiator 3 in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 The figure is a flow chart of the control method of the thermoelectric power generation system of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure, there is a heat exchanger shell 1 with fins, a heat spreader 2, a heat spreader 201 placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger 1, a heat spreader 202 inserted into the heat exchanger 1, a radiator 302 placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger 1, a radiator 301 placed on the side of the heat exchanger 1, temperature sensors 401 placed at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 1, a temperature sensor 402 placed at the cold end of the thermoelectric module 5, a thermoelectric module 501 placed outside the heat spreader 201 on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger 1, a thermoelectric module 502 placed outside both ends of the heat spreader 201 on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger 1, a thermoelectric module 503 placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the part of the heat spreader 202 inserted into the heat exchanger 1 exposed outside the heat exchanger 1, a water tank 601, a power supply 602, a decision computer 603, a copper sheet 7, a P, N semiconductor 89, and a ceramic press 10. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the present invention more clear and complete, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, a stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber includes: a heat exchanger 1, a vapor chamber 2, a radiator 3, a temperature sensor 4, a thermoelectric module 5, and a control system 6.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchanger 1 is a hollow rectangular parallelepiped made of aluminum, and the internal hollow part is also a rectangular parallelepiped, and rectangular fins are evenly distributed inside it to enhance the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger.

[0032] like Figure 1 , 3As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the heat spreader 2 is a rectangular parallelepiped with high thermal conductivity. The thermoelectric module 5 is composed of P-type semiconductors 8 and N-type semiconductors 9 arranged alternately, and is electrically connected through a copper sheet 7 and sandwiched between two ceramic plates 10. One ceramic plate 10 contacts the heat spreader 2 as a hot end, and the other ceramic plate 10 contacts the radiator 3 as a cold end. A portion of the heat spreader 2 is placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger 1, such as the heat spreader 201, and a portion is inserted into the interior of the heat exchanger through the side and internal fins of the heat exchanger, such as the heat spreader 202. For the heat spreader 201, the central part of one side contacts the heat exchanger 1 to absorb heat energy, and the other two ends are placed with hot spot modules 502, and the other side is placed with thermoelectric modules 501. For the heat spreader 202 inserted into the heat exchanger 1, the part inside the heat exchanger 1 absorbs the heat energy of the heat flow and transfers it to the other end outside the heat exchanger 1, and the thermoelectric modules 503 are placed on its upper and lower surfaces.

[0033] like Figure 1 , 5 As shown in , 7, the radiator 3 is a rectangular solid made of aluminum with an S-shaped coolant flow channel inside. There are two circular openings at the front end of the radiator, one for the coolant inlet and the other for the coolant outlet. A portion of the radiator 3 is placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger, such as the radiator 302 close to the cold end of the thermoelectric module 501, and a portion is placed on both sides of the heat exchanger 1, such as the radiator 301 sandwiched between 502 and 503 of the thermoelectric module.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the control system 6 is composed of a water tank 601, a power supply 602, and a decision computer 603. Based on the data sensed by the temperature sensor 4, the decision computer 603 controls the flow rate of the coolant flowing from the water tank 601 to the radiator 3. In addition, the power required for this process is supplied by the power supply 602.

[0035] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, a heat spreader 201 is placed on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger 1, and the length of the heat spreader 201 extending from both ends of the heat exchanger 1 is L1. X heat spreaders 202 are inserted equidistantly on both sides of the heat exchanger 1, and the distance between the inserted heat spreaders 202 and the distance between the inserted heat spreaders 202 and the heat spreaders 201 placed at the upper and lower ends of the heat exchanger are both L2, and the length of the heat spreader 202 exposed outside the heat exchanger 1 is also L1. The inserted heat spreaders 202 pass through the side wall of the heat exchanger 1 and its internal fins, but the two heat spreaders 202 inserted at the same height on both sides of the heat exchanger do not touch each other inside the heat exchanger 1, and the distance between them is L3.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, a vapor chamber 201 is placed on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger 1, and n rows and m columns of thermoelectric modules 501 are placed in the center of the vapor chamber 201. n rows and one column of thermoelectric modules 501 are placed on the length L1 at both ends of the vapor chamber 201, that is, n rows (m+2) columns of thermoelectric modules 501 are placed on the surface of the vapor chamber 201, and n rows and one column of thermoelectric modules 502 are placed on the other side of the vapor chamber 201 extending from both ends of the heat exchanger 1. n rows and one column of thermoelectric modules 503 are placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the vapor chamber 202 inserted into the side of the heat exchanger 1 and exposed to the outside of the heat exchanger 1 with a length of L1.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in FIG. 4 , the temperature sensor 4 is placed at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger 1 to detect the inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat flow, such as temperature sensor 401. In addition, a temperature sensor 402 is also placed on the surface of the thermoelectric module 5 in contact with the heat sink 3 to detect the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

[0038] like Figure 1 , 2 8, in order to make the temperature T when the heat flow flows out of the heat exchanger 1 out Within a reasonable range, the following control procedure is designed: First, the temperature sensor 401 measures the inlet temperature T of the heat flow into the heat exchanger 1 in The decision computer 603 calculates the temperature T of the heat flow at the inlet of the heat exchanger 1. in and the required outlet temperature T ex Compare, when T in Greater than T ex The decision computer 603 controls the water tank 601 to pass heat with a temperature of T to the 2*(m+2) radiators 302 on the upper and lower sides of the heat exchanger 1. c The coolant with a flow rate of v, if T in Less than T ex At this time, the water tank 601 is not working, and no coolant is passed into all radiators 3, and the heat flow temperature continues to be detected.

[0039] When the water tank 601 passes the cooling medium to the radiator 3, the temperature sensor 402 detects the cold end temperature of the thermoelectric module under the radiator 3 into which the coolant passes, and the decision computer 603 calculates the obtained cold end temperature T tem With 1.1T c For comparison, when T tem Less than 1.1T c When T tem More than 1.1T c When the decision computer 603 controls the water tank 601 to increase the flow rate v of the coolant, the coolant temperature T c , until Ttem Less than 1.1T c .

[0040] As described above, when the coolant is passed into the radiator 3, the thermoelectric module 5 below the radiator 3 into which the coolant is passed generates electricity due to the temperature difference due to the Seebeck effect. In addition, the coolant also takes away a large amount of heat, which eventually reduces the temperature of the heat flow. At this time, the temperature sensor 401 detects the temperature of the heat flow outlet and calculates the heat flow outlet temperature T out With T ex for comparison.

[0041] When the heat flow outlet temperature T out More than 1.1T ex When the temperature at the heat flow point is calculated by the decision computer 603 to drop to T ex The required heat release Q1 = cm(T out -T ex ), and then calculate the energy absorbed by the currently activated radiator 3 and the thermoelectric module 5 it contacts from the heat flow Q2 = cm (T in -T out ), and according to Y=Q1 / Q2 / (the number of radiators 3 that have been started), the number Y of radiators 3 that need to be started next is obtained.

[0042] But the heat flow outlet temperature T out Less than 1.1T ex When the temperature sensor 401 detects the heat flow temperature at the inlet, the decision computer 603 determines the heat flow inlet temperature T in To determine whether the temperature of the heat flow at the inlet of heat exchanger 1 is lower than T ex , if T in Less than T ex , the decision computer 603 controls the water tank 603 not to work, and all radiators 3 do not pass liquid coolant. in Greater than T ex , then continue to judge T out Is it greater than 0.9T? ex If it is greater than 0.9T ex , then the heat flow outlet temperature T out , within a reasonable range, maintain the current working status. in Greater than T ex , and T out Less than 0.9T ex When the outlet heat flow temperature is calculated by the decision computer 603, it rises to T ex The required heat Q1 = cm(T ex -T out), and then calculate the energy absorbed by the currently activated radiator 3 and the thermoelectric module 5 it contacts from the heat flow Q2 = cm (T in -T out ), according to Y=Q1 / Q2 / (the number of radiators 3 that have been started), the number Y of radiators 3 that need to be shut down next is obtained.

[0043] When the number Y of radiators 3 to be activated is calculated, it is necessary to first determine whether the number of unactivated radiators 302 is greater than or equal to Y. If the number of unactivated radiators 302 is greater than or equal to Y, the decision computer 603 controls to open Y radiators 302, otherwise the remaining radiators 302 are opened first, and then the radiator 301 is opened, for a total of Y radiators 3. In addition, when the number Y of radiators 3 to be closed is calculated, it is necessary to first determine whether the number of activated radiators 301 is greater than or equal to Y. If the number of activated radiators 301 is greater than or equal to Y, the decision computer 603 controls to close Y radiators 302, otherwise the opened radiators 301 are closed first, and then the opened radiators 302 are closed, for a total of Y radiators 3.

[0044] When the decision computer 603 controls to open Y radiators 3, the water tank 601 starts to pass the coolant with a temperature of Tc and a flow rate of v into the opened radiators 3, detects the temperature of the thermoelectric module 5, adjusts the coolant flow rate, and detects the heat flow outlet temperature, repeating the operations of claims 10, 11, and 12 above.

[0045] When the decision computer 603 controls to close Y radiators 3, the water tank 601 stops supplying coolant to the closed radiators 3, detects the temperature of the thermoelectric module 5, adjusts the coolant flow rate, and detects the heat flow outlet temperature, repeating the operations of claims 10, 11, and 12 above.

Claims

1. A stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber, characterized in that: include: A heat exchanger (1), a heat spreader (2), a radiator (3), a temperature sensor (4), a thermoelectric module (5), and a control system (6); the heat exchanger (1) is connected to the heat spreader (2); a thermoelectric module (5) is arranged on the heat spreader, and a temperature sensor (4) is arranged on each thermoelectric module (5) and at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger (2); a radiator (3) is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric module, and the water inlet and outlet of the radiator (3) are connected to a water tank (601) controlled by a decision-making computer (603); the temperature of the heat flow out of the heat exchanger (1) is T out .

2. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensor (4) and the decision-making computer (603) transmit temperature information in real time via wireless signals; the electric energy is supplied by the power supply (602).

3. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchanger (1) is a rectangular parallelepiped made of aluminum with a hollow interior, and the internal hollow portion is also a rectangular parallelepiped, and rectangular fins are evenly distributed inside the rectangular parallelepiped to enhance the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger.

4. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat spreader (2) is a rectangular parallelepiped. The thermoelectric module (5) is composed of P-type semiconductors (8) and N-type semiconductors (9) arranged alternately, electrically connected via a copper sheet (7), and sandwiched between two ceramic plates (10). One ceramic plate (10) contacts the heat spreader (2) as a hot end, and the other ceramic plate (10) contacts the heat sink (3) as a cold end. A portion of the heat spreader (2) is placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger (1).

5. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiator (3) is an aluminum cuboid with an S-shaped coolant flow channel inside. There are two circular openings at the front end of the radiator, one for the coolant inlet and the other for the coolant outlet. A portion of the radiator (3) is placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger.

6. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control system (6) is composed of a water tank (601), a power supply (602), and a decision-making computer (603). The data sensed by the temperature sensor (4) is used to control the flow rate of the coolant flowing from the water tank (601) to the radiator (3) through the decision-making computer (603).

7. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat spreader (201) is placed on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger (1), and the length of the heat spreader (201) extending from both ends of the heat exchanger (1) is L1. X heat spreaders (202) are inserted at equal intervals on both sides of the heat exchanger (1), and the distance between the inserted heat spreaders (202) and the distance between the inserted heat spreaders (202) and the heat spreaders (201) placed at the upper and lower ends of the heat exchanger are both L2. The length of the heat spreader (202) exposed outside the heat exchanger (1) is also L1. The inserted heat spreaders (202) pass through the side wall of the heat exchanger (1) and its internal fins. However, the two heat spreaders (202) inserted at the same height on both sides of the heat exchanger do not touch each other inside the heat exchanger (1), and the distance between them is L3.

8. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A heat spreader (201) is placed on each of the upper and lower surfaces of the heat exchanger (1); n rows and m columns of thermoelectric modules (501) are placed in the central part of the heat spreader (201); n rows and one column of thermoelectric modules (501) are placed on the length L1 at both ends of the heat spreader (201); that is, n rows and (m+2) columns of thermoelectric modules (501) are placed on the surface of the heat spreader (201); n rows and one column of thermoelectric modules (502) are placed on the other side of the heat spreader (201) extending from the two ends of the heat exchanger (1); and n rows and one column of thermoelectric modules (503) are placed on the upper and lower surfaces of the heat spreader (202) inserted into the side of the heat exchanger (1) and exposed outside the heat exchanger (1) with a length of L1.

9. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature sensors (4) are placed at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger (1) to detect the inlet and outlet temperatures of the heat flow, and a temperature sensor (402) is also placed on the surface of the thermoelectric module (5) in contact with the heat sink (3) to detect the temperature of the cold end of the thermoelectric module.

10. The stacked thermoelectric power generation system using a vapor chamber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature T when the heat flow flows out of the heat exchanger (1) is out Within a reasonable range, the control procedures are as follows: Step 1: First, the temperature sensor (401) measures the inlet temperature T of the heat flow into the heat exchanger (1). in The decision computer (603) calculates the temperature T of the heat flow at the inlet of the heat exchanger 1. in and the required outlet temperature T ex Compare, when T in Greater than T ex The decision-making computer (603) controls the water tank (601) to pass heat with a temperature of T to the 2*(m+2) radiators (302) on the upper and lower sides of the heat exchanger (1). c The coolant with a flow rate of v, if T in Less than T ex At this time, the water tank (601) is not working, and no coolant is passed into any radiator (3), and the heat flow temperature continues to be detected; Step 2: After the water tank (601) passes the cooling medium to the radiator (3), the temperature sensor (402) detects the cold end temperature of the thermoelectric module under the radiator (3) into which the coolant passes, and the decision computer (603) calculates the obtained cold end temperature T tem Compared with 1.1Tc, when T tem Less than 1.1T c When T tem When the temperature is greater than 1.1Tc, the decision computer (603) controls the water tank (601) to increase the flow rate v of the coolant and maintain the coolant temperature Tc until T tem Less than 1.1Tc; Step 3: When the coolant is introduced into the radiator (3), the thermoelectric module (5) below the radiator (3) into which the coolant is introduced generates electricity due to the Seebeck effect due to the temperature difference. In addition, the coolant also takes away a large amount of heat, which eventually reduces the temperature of the heat flow. At this time, the temperature sensor (401) detects the temperature of the heat flow outlet and generates the heat flow outlet temperature T out With T ex Make a comparison; When the heat flow outlet temperature T out More than 1.1T ex When the temperature at the heat flow point drops to T ex The required heat release Q1 = cm(T out -T ex ), and then calculate the energy absorbed by the currently activated heat sink (3) and the thermoelectric module (5) it contacts from the heat flow Q2 = cm (T in -T out ), according to Y=Q1 / Q2 / , the number of radiators (3) that have been started, the number Y of radiators (3) that need to be started next is obtained; But the heat flow outlet temperature T out Less than 1.1T ex When the temperature sensor (401) detects the heat flow temperature at the inlet, the decision computer (603) determines the heat flow inlet temperature T in It is determined whether the temperature of the heat flow at the inlet of the heat exchanger (1) is lower than T ex , if T in Less than T ex , then the decision computer (603) controls the water tank (603) to not work, and all radiators (3) do not pass liquid coolant. If T in Greater than T ex , then continue to judge T out Is it greater than 0.9T? ex If it is greater than 0.9T ex , then the heat flow outlet temperature T out , within a reasonable range, maintain the current working status. If T in Greater than T ex , and T out Less than 0.9T ex When the outlet heat flow temperature rises to T ex The required heat Q1 = cm(T ex -T out ), and then calculate the energy absorbed by the currently activated heat sink (3) and the thermoelectric module (5) it contacts from the heat flow Q2 = cm (T in -T out ), and according to Y=Q1 / Q2 / the number of radiators (3) that have been started, the number Y of radiators (3) that need to be shut down next is obtained; Step 4: when the number Y of radiators (3) to be started is calculated, it is necessary to first determine whether the number of unstarted radiators (302) is greater than or equal to Y. If the number of unstarted radiators (302) is greater than or equal to Y, the decision computer (603) controls to open Y radiators (302). Otherwise, the remaining radiators (302) are opened first, and then the radiator (301) is opened, for a total of Y radiators (3). In addition, when the number Y of radiators (3) to be closed is calculated, it is necessary to first determine whether the number of started radiators (301) is greater than or equal to Y. If the number of started radiators (301) is greater than or equal to Y, the decision computer (603) controls to close Y radiators (302). Otherwise, the opened radiators (301) are closed first, and then the opened radiators (302) are closed, for a total of Y radiators (3); Step 5: After the decision computer 603 controls to open Y radiators (3), the water tank 601 starts to pass temperature T to the opened radiators (3). c , a coolant with a flow rate of v, and detecting the temperature of the thermoelectric module (5), adjusting the coolant flow rate, and detecting the temperature of the heat flow outlet, and repeating the operations of steps two, three, and four; When the decision computer (603) controls to close Y radiators (3), the water tank (601) stops supplying coolant to the closed radiators (3), detects the temperature of the thermoelectric module (5), adjusts the coolant flow rate, and detects the temperature of the heat flow outlet, and repeats the operations of steps two, three, and four.

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