Welding method and compressor

Abstract

The invention provides a welding method and a compressor, the welding method comprises the steps that a first part and a second part are provided, and at least one welding area is formed between the first part and the second part; the welding area is welded in a laser welding mode to form a laser welding seam so that the first component and the second component can be fixedly connected; the welding angle alpha of a laser beam of laser welding and the welding area and the laser incidence angle theta meet the following relation: alpha = (90 degrees-theta) * k, the laser incidence angle theta is a Brewster angle, theta = 75 degrees to 85 degrees, and k is a proportionality coefficient and is related to the width of a welding seam. By controlling the welding angle of the laser beam to the welding area, the final laser incident angle is the Brewster angle, so that the material absorption rate during welding is improved, the welding efficiency is improved, and the welding cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of welding, and in particular to a welding method and a compressor. Background Art

[0002] In the field of air-conditioning compressors, the connection and fixation of the upper and lower shell covers to the shell body are all carried out by MAG (Metal Active Gas Arc Welding). MAG welding is filler welding, and the solder fills the space between the shell and the shell cover during welding, making it easier to achieve sealing and welding strength.

[0003] At present, when laser welding technology is used to replace MAG welding, there are the following problems: corresponding to different laser welding requirements, laser welding equipment with different configurations needs to be purchased in terms of welding heat source. Due to the strong penetration of laser welding, the welding depth is much greater than the welding width, the welding seam ability is not strong, or a very high laser welding power is required to penetrate the workpiece to achieve welding. The use of conventional equipment often causes the problem of poor welding sealing. In order to improve this problem, it is necessary to upgrade the equipment, use high-power dual-beam laser welding equipment or high-power laser equipment and then configure a welding swing device, and the equipment investment cost is very high. Correspondingly, when welding materials with high sealing requirements or when high-efficiency welding is required, high-power laser equipment is required, but the consumables such as laser optical lenses configured by 10,000-watt high-power laser welding equipment are expensive and have a short high-heat working life. The cost of equipment use is very high, and its application in China is not mature, and high-power equipment also causes waste of electric energy.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background technology section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to ordinary technicians in the field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a welding method and a compressor, which can increase the absorption rate of laser by components during welding, improve welding efficiency and reduce welding costs.

[0006] An embodiment of the present invention provides a welding method, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Providing a first component and a second component, wherein at least one welding area is formed between the first component and the second component;

[0008] Welding the welding area by laser welding to form a laser weld so that the first component and the second component are fixedly connected;

[0009] The welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area and the laser incident angle θ satisfy the following relationship α=(90°-θ)*k,

[0010] The laser incident angle θ is the Brewster angle, θ=75° to 85°, and k is a proportionality coefficient, which is related to the weld width.

[0011] In some embodiments, when the weld width is less than 1 mm, k=1.2; when the weld width is in the range of [1 mm, 10 mm], k=2.8.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the laser beam is directed toward the connection gap between the first component and the second component, the welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area is a first angle between the center line of the laser beam and the longitudinal axis;

[0013] When the laser beam is directed toward the outside of the overlapping area of ​​the first component and the second component, a welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area is a second angle between the center line of the laser beam and the transverse axis.

[0014] In some embodiments, when the laser beam is directed toward the connection gap, the weld width is 1.2 mm to 3.5 mm, or / and when the laser beam is directed toward the outside of the overlapping area, the weld width is 1 to 5 mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the first angle is between 14° and 42°, or / and the second angle is between 14° and 42°.

[0016] In some embodiments, the laser welding is wobble welding.

[0017] The present invention also provides a compressor, comprising:

[0018] A shell, wherein an upper shell cover and / or a lower shell cover are provided at the end of the shell;

[0019] The pump body and the motor stator are placed inside the housing;

[0020] Wherein, at least one of the shell and the upper shell cover and the shell and the lower shell cover is connected by any of the above-mentioned welding methods.

[0021] In some embodiments, the upper shell cover or the lower shell cover of the compressor is matched with the shell body in an external cover type, an embedded type or an inlaid type.

[0022] In some embodiments, the weld includes a plurality of weld segments separated along the circumference of the compressor casing, the upper shell cover or the lower shell cover, or a closed annular weld segment formed along the circumference.

[0023] In some embodiments, the central angle of each welding segment is 15°, 30°, 60° or 90°.

[0024] The welding method and compressor provided by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0025] The welding method provided by the present invention is used for welding two components. By controlling the welding angle of the laser beam to the welding area, the final laser incident angle is made to be the Brewster angle, so as to improve the material absorption rate during welding, reduce the dependence on equipment with external welding heat source, reduce the investment in laser welding equipment, and use low-power laser welding equipment to achieve the welding effect of high-power laser welding equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Other features, objectives and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from a reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of welding of the second component and the first component in an embodiment of the present invention in an outer cover type connection;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of welding of the second component and the first component in an embedded connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of welding of the second component and the first component in an embodiment of the present invention in an inlay connection;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a welding schematic diagram of a compressor housing and a housing cover in an embedded connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is another welding schematic diagram when the shell and shell cover of the compressor of one embodiment of the present invention are connected in an embedded manner. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, example embodiments can be implemented in a variety of forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention will be comprehensive and complete and fully convey the concepts of the example embodiments to those skilled in the art. In the figures, the same reference numerals represent the same or similar structures, and thus their repeated description will be omitted. "or" and "or" in the specification may both mean "and" or "or".

[0033] In the representations of the present application, the representations with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics represented in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. Moreover, the represented specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples represented in the present application and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they contradict each other.

[0034] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the representation of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0035] It should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and "includes" indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence, or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. Therefore, "A, B or C" or "A, B and / or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C". Exceptions to this definition will only occur when the combination of elements, functions, steps or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0036] like Figure 1-3 As shown, in order to solve the problems in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides a welding method, comprising the following steps:

[0037] S100: providing a first component 1 and a second component 2;

[0038] S200: Arranging the first component 1 and the second component 2 to form at least one welding area therebetween;

[0039] S300: Welding the welding area by laser welding to form a laser weld so that the first component 1 and the second component 2 are fixedly connected;

[0040] The welding angle α between the laser beam of the laser welding and the welding area and the laser incident angle θ satisfy the following relationship α=(90°-θ)*k, the laser incident angle θ is the Brewster angle, θ=75°~85°, and k is a proportional coefficient related to the weld width. The present invention adjusts the welding angle α between the laser beam of the laser welding and the welding area so that the laser incident angle becomes the "Brewster angle", increases the absorption rate of the parts to be welded to the laser, improves welding efficiency, and reduces welding costs.

[0041] The present invention uses the polarization principle of light and changes the light output direction of laser welding to make the laser incident angle become the "Brewster angle", so that the polarized light in the laser refraction direction is most effectively concentrated and utilized, and the material absorption rate is increased several times.

[0042] According to the theory of laser polarization welding, when the laser incident angle θ = 75° ~ 85°, the material's absorption rate of the laser will increase by 6 to 8 times, and the incident angle at this time is the Brewster angle. The laser incident angle here refers to the angle between the normal of the inclined surface of the front wall of the keyhole in the molten pool and the center line of the laser beam during laser deep penetration welding. It is related to the angle of the inclined surface of the front wall of the keyhole in the molten pool during welding, that is, it is related to the melting of the material during welding. According to the deduction of experimental data, during laser welding, the angle of the inclined surface of the front wall of the keyhole in the molten pool and the shape of the laser beam, the welding angle α between the laser beam and the workpiece and the laser incident angle θ have the following relationship:

[0043] α=(90°-θ)*k……(1);

[0044] Different weld widths have different angles of the front wall of the keyhole in the molten pool. In the above formula, k is a proportional coefficient, which is related to the weld width. Optionally, when the weld width is less than 1 mm, k = 1.2; when the weld width is greater than 1 mm and less than 10 mm, k = 2.8.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 , 2 In this embodiment, when the laser beam is directed to the connection gap between the first component 1 and the second component 2, the welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area is the first angle α1 between the center line of the laser beam and the longitudinal axis; when the laser beam is directed to the outside of the overlapping area of ​​the first component 1 and the second component 2, as Figure 3 As shown, the welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area is a second angle α2 between the center line of the laser beam and the transverse axis.

[0046] Furthermore, in order to make the laser incident angle reach the Brewster angle and improve the absorption rate of the material during welding, when the laser beam is directed to the connection gap, the weld width is preferably 1.2 to 3.5 mm. According to formula (1), the first angle α1 is calculated to be 14° to 42°. When the laser beam is directed to the outside of the overlapping area, the width of the weld is 1 to 5 mm, and the second angle α2 is 14° to 42°. The welding angle at this time can increase the material absorption rate by 6 to 8 times, and the final welding effect can make the material absorption rate obvious and close to the threshold (the critical value of the material changing from solid to liquid).

[0047] This embodiment also provides a compressor manufactured by the above welding method. Specifically, the first component 1 in step S100 can be a compressor housing, and the second component 2 can be a compressor cover, including an upper cover and / or a lower cover. The cover is connected to the housing in an external cover type, an embedded type, or an inlaid type.

[0048] The compressor comprises: a shell, an upper shell cover and / or a lower shell cover being arranged at an end of the shell;

[0049] The pump body and the motor stator are placed inside the housing;

[0050] The pump body includes an upper cylinder cover, a lower cylinder cover and a cylinder therebetween, and the cylinder can be a single cylinder or two or more cylinders;

[0051] Wherein, at least one of the shell and the upper shell cover and the shell and the lower shell cover is connected by the welding method as described above.

[0052] During welding, the shell and the shell cover are coaxially arranged (adopting any of the outer cover type, embedded type or inlaid type); then, the direction of the laser head is adjusted according to the arrangement form. When the shell and the shell cover are arranged in an outer cover type or an embedded type, when the light emitting direction of the laser beam is directed to the connection gap between the shell and the shell cover of the compressor, the center beam of the laser beam forms a first angle α1 with the longitudinal axis, and the longitudinal axis is the center axis of the compressor shell. When the shell and the shell cover are inlaid, the light emitting direction of the laser beam is directed to the outside of the inlaid overlapping area. After the laser beam penetrates the outer components, it welds the gap to be welded. At this time, the center beam of the laser beam forms a second angle α1 with the horizontal axis. Of course, when the shell and the shell cover are arranged in an outer cover type or an embedded type, the light emitting direction of the laser beam can also be directed to the outside of the inlaid overlapping area. By adjusting the welding angle when welding the shell and the shell cover, the absorption rate of the welding area to the laser is increased, the welding efficiency is improved, and the welding cost is reduced. For details, please refer to Figure 4 , 5 , taking the two welding methods when the shell cover is embedded in the shell as an example to illustrate.

[0053] Furthermore, during laser welding, a laser swing welding method is adopted in the axial plane of the compressor.

[0054] Preferably, the cross-sections of the shell and shell cover of the compressor are both circular; the weld includes a plurality of weld segments separated along the circumference of the circular part or a closed annular weld segment formed along the circumference of the circular part. When the laser weld includes a plurality of weld segments separated along the circumference of the circular part, the plurality of weld segments may be evenly distributed along the circumference of the circular part. For example, each weld segment may be an arc along the circumference of the circular part, and the arc, i.e., each weld segment, may have a central angle of 15°, 30°, 60°, or 90°, etc. The central angle corresponding to each weld segment, or the number of weld segments included in the laser weld, may be determined according to the structure of the two components of the compressor to be actually welded.

[0055] In summary, the welding method provided by the present invention can achieve the welding effect of high-power laser welding equipment by using low-power laser equipment by increasing the absorption rate of laser by the material during laser welding, thereby reducing the dependence on equipment models during laser welding. The material absorption rate of conventional laser welding is less than 20%, and the utilization rate of laser is not high. The use of high-power equipment for welding will waste electric energy. Consumables such as laser optical lenses of high-power laser equipment are expensive and have a short working life, and the equipment cost is high. Therefore, the present invention improves the absorption rate of laser by the material during laser welding, reduces the dependence on equipment models during welding, reduces equipment investment, improves welding efficiency, reduces welding costs, and reduces energy consumption.

[0056] The compressor provided by the present invention can achieve all the technical effects of the above-mentioned welding method, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] The above contents are further detailed descriptions of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which should be regarded as falling within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A welding method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Providing a first component and a second component, wherein at least one welding area is formed between the first component and the second component; Welding the welding area by laser welding to form a laser weld so that the first component and the second component are fixedly connected; The welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area and the laser incident angle θ satisfy the following relationship α=(90°-θ)*k, The laser incident angle θ is the Brewster angle, θ=75° to 85°, and k is a proportionality coefficient, which is related to the weld width.

2. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the weld width is less than 1 mm, k=1.2; when the weld width is in the range of [1 mm, 10 mm], k=2.

8.

3. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the laser beam is directed toward the connection gap between the first component and the second component, a welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area is a first angle between the center line of the laser beam and the longitudinal axis; When the laser beam is directed toward the outside of the overlapping area of ​​the first component and the second component, a welding angle α between the laser beam and the welding area is a second angle between the center line of the laser beam and the transverse axis.

4. The welding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the laser beam is directed toward the connection gap, the width of the weld is 1.2 mm to 3.5 mm, or / and when the laser beam is directed toward the outside of the overlapping area, the width of the weld is 1 to 5 mm.

5. The welding method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first angle is between 14° and 42°, or / and the second angle is between 14° and 42°.

6. The welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser welding is swing welding.

7. A compressor, characterized in that: include: A shell, wherein an upper shell cover and / or a lower shell cover are provided at the end of the shell; The pump body and the motor stator are placed inside the housing; Wherein, at least one of the shell and the upper shell cover and the shell and the lower shell cover is connected by the welding method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that The upper shell cover or the lower shell cover of the compressor is matched with the shell body in an outer cover type, an embedded type or an inlaid type.

9. The compressor according to claim 7, characterized in that The weld includes a plurality of weld sections separated along the circumference of the shell, upper shell cover or lower shell cover of the compressor or a closed annular weld section formed along the circumference.

10. The compressor according to claim 9, characterized in that The central angle of each welding section is 15°, 30°, 60° or 90°.

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