Basalt fiber composite board and pultrusion equipment and process of basalt fiber composite board

Abstract

The invention discloses a basalt fiber composite board and pultrusion equipment and process of the basalt fiber composite board. The basalt fiber composite board comprises a fiber frame, a guide frame and a glue solution box, a friction frame is movably arranged in the guide frame, a plurality of friction pieces making contact with the corresponding fiber bundles are arranged on the friction frame, and the friction pieces make friction with the fiber bundles to enable the fiber bundles to carry charges; a spraying box is arranged between the guide frame and the glue solution box, atomized particles with electric charges are sprayed in the spraying box, a spraying pipe is arranged on the spraying box, an electrode for applying the electric charges to the atomized particles is arranged on the spraying pipe, and the polarity of the electric charges of the atomized particles is opposite to that of the electric charges carried by the fiber bundles; according to the extruding and pulling equipment for the basalt fiber composite board, the fiber bundle carries charges through friction on the fiber bundle, so that a coupling agent is further sprayed on the surface of the basalt fiber composite board, the covering capacity of the coupling agent on the surface of the basalt fiber composite board is improved, and finally the surface of the fiber bundle can be covered in all directions when the fiber bundle and resin liquid are combined; the bonding strength of the fiber bundle and the resin liquid is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of basalt fiber products and production equipment, in particular to basalt fiber composite boards, pultrusion equipment and processes for basalt fiber composite boards. Background Art

[0002] Basalt fiber is an inorganic non-metallic material made by melting and drawing natural basalt. Basalt fiber composite board is a board made of composite material reinforced with basalt fiber. This material has many excellent properties and is therefore widely used in many fields. Basalt fiber composite board mainly consists of two parts: basalt fiber and resin matrix.

[0003] Unidirectional laminate (UD Laminate) is a type of basalt fiber composite board. Basalt fibers are arranged in one direction, so that the basalt fibers have higher strength in one direction. It is suitable for applications with high strength requirements in one direction.

[0004] Pultrusion equipment is one of the key tools for manufacturing basalt fiber composite panels. It can efficiently produce high-quality products. Its production process usually includes the following steps: impregnation: passing the basalt fiber through a resin bath to fully impregnate the fiber with resin; laying: laying the impregnated fiber in a predetermined direction and number of layers; curing: promoting resin curing by heating and other means to form a stable composite material; processing: the cured composite board can be cut, drilled and other subsequent processing as needed.

[0005] In the above production process, there are the following shortcomings and deficiencies: Due to the poor adhesion performance of the fiber surface, a coupling agent is added to the resin bath during impregnation to improve the bonding effect between the fiber and the resin. However, during the impregnation process, the amount of resin adhesion on the fiber surface may be uneven due to many factors such as insufficient coupling agent addition or the length of impregnation time, affecting the strength and quality of the fiber composite board after molding, and even causing bubbles inside the composite board due to the lack of resin adhesion on the fiber surface. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a basalt fiber composite board, a pultrusion device and a process for the basalt fiber composite board.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention solves the problems through the following technical solutions: the pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board includes a fiber rack, a guide rack for bundling and guiding the fibers, and a glue box for impregnating the fibers.

[0008] In the above scheme, preferably, a friction frame for rubbing the fiber bundle is movably arranged in the guide frame, and a plurality of friction members contacting the corresponding fiber bundles are arranged on the friction frame, and after the friction members rub against the fiber bundles, the fiber bundles carry electric charges; A spray box is arranged between the guide frame and the glue liquid box, and atomized particles with electric charge are sprayed in the spray box; The spray box is provided with a spray tube, and the spray tube is provided with an electrode for imparting electric charge to the atomized particles, and the polarity of the electric charge of the atomized particles is opposite to the polarity of the electric charge carried by the fiber bundle; The atomized particles are a mixture of coupling agent and liquid; After the fiber bundle passes through the spray box, the surface of the fiber bundle is coated with a coupling agent, so that the fiber bundle combines with the glue in the glue box.

[0009] In the above scheme, preferably, the atomized particles are a mixture of an ethanol solution and a coupling agent.

[0010] In the above scheme, preferably, the friction member is made of metal, which causes the fiber bundle to carry negative charges after friction with the fiber bundle.

[0011] In the above scheme, preferably, the friction member includes a plurality of circumferentially arranged friction blocks, and an elastic member is provided between the friction blocks and the friction frame.

[0012] In the above scheme, preferably, the guide frame is provided with a driving module for driving the friction frame to slide back and forth, and the friction frame is slidably provided with a driving plate for driving the friction block to clamp the fiber bundle; The friction block is provided with a driving inclined surface, and the driving plate is provided with a driving ring matched with the driving inclined surface.

[0013] In the above scheme, preferably, the driving plate is provided with a sliding rod that cooperates with the friction frame, the friction frame is provided with a first magnetic block and a second magnetic block on both sides, and the sliding rod is provided with a first plate member and a second plate member that cooperate with the first magnetic block and the second magnetic block.

[0014] In the above solution, preferably, a first driving rod and a second driving rod cooperating with the driving plate and the first plate are respectively provided on both sides of the guide frame.

[0015] In the above scheme, preferably, telescopic sleeves cooperating with the friction frame are provided on both sides of the guide frame, and exhaust holes are provided on the telescopic sleeves, and the exhaust holes are connected to the spray box.

[0016] In the above scheme, preferably, the production process of the composite board produced by the pultrusion equipment of the basalt fiber composite board is as follows: S1: The fibers on the fiber frame are bundled and guided through the guide holes on the guide frame; S2: After the fibers are bundled in the guide frame, they pass through the friction frame, which slides relative to the guide frame, so that the friction parts rub against the fiber bundles; S3: After the fiber bundle rubs against the friction part, its surface carries a large amount of charge. Then, when the fiber bundle runs through the spray box, the atomized particles carrying opposite polarities adsorb to the surface of the fiber bundle through positive and negative charges, so that the surface of the fiber bundle is covered with atomized particles. S4: After the fiber bundle carrying the atomized particles enters the glue liquid box with resin, the resin glue liquid is combined with the fiber bundle through the atomized particles, so that the surface of the fiber bundle and the glue liquid adhere evenly.

[0017] In the above scheme, preferably, the basalt fiber composite board produced by the pultrusion equipment of the basalt fiber composite board comprises a plurality of fiber layers and a glue layer filled between the fiber layers; The fiber layer includes a plurality of fiber bundles extending in a single direction; The fiber bundle is made of basalt fiber; The glue is a resin glue; The surface of the fiber bundle is combined with the resin glue through the coupling agent atomized particles.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a basalt fiber composite board extrusion and drawing equipment, which makes the fiber bundle carry electric charge by rubbing the fiber bundle, so as to further spray the coupling agent on the surface of the fiber bundle, thereby improving the coverage ability of the surface coupling agent, and finally making the fiber bundle and the resin liquid cover the surface of the fiber bundle in all directions when combined, thereby improving the bonding strength between the fiber bundle and the resin liquid, reducing the bubbles inside the composite board after extrusion and drawing, and greatly improving the overall strength and quality of the basalt fiber composite board; In addition, a process for the pultrusion equipment of the basalt fiber composite board is also provided, so that the fiber bundle can be combined with the resin liquid under the guidance of the process to complete the combination process of the fiber bundle and the resin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the guide frame of the present invention and its internal cross-sectional structure.

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at point A in the middle.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the composite plate of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the friction block of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments: Figure 1-Figure 5 .

[0025] The basalt fiber composite board includes a plurality of fiber layers 101 and a glue layer 102 filled between the fiber layers 101; the fiber layer 101 includes a plurality of fiber bundles extending in a single direction; the fiber bundle is formed by guiding multiple strands of fibers into a single fiber bundle, the fibers are basalt fibers, and a plurality of fiber bundles are laid in parallel on the single fiber layer 101, thereby improving the rigidity of the composite board in the straight direction.

[0026] The glue layer 102 is a resin glue layer. Specifically, the surface of the fiber bundle is infiltrated with coupling agent atomized particles and resin liquid, and then laminated and cured to allow the glue to fill between the fiber layers, thereby forming a glue layer.

[0027] The upper and lower surfaces of the fiber composite board are covered with surface felt, and the surface felt is fixed with the fiber layer 101 by resin liquid, and finally forms Figure 4 Status shown; Figure 4 The number of fiber layers in the figure is for illustration only. In fact, more fiber layers 101 may be used according to the thickness of the composite board.

[0028] In order to manufacture the above-mentioned basalt fiber composite board, this embodiment also provides a basalt fiber composite board extrusion and drawing equipment, specifically, the equipment includes a fiber frame 1, a guide frame 2 for bundling and guiding the fibers, a glue box 3 for impregnating the fibers, an extrusion die 5 and a traction system 6, such as Figure 1 As shown, the front end of the extrusion die 5 is symmetrically provided with rollers 7 for laying surface felt for the composite board; initially, the multiple strands of fibers on the fiber frame 1 are bundled and guided by the guide frame 2, and the guided fiber bundles enter the glue box 3 to adhere to the resin liquid, and then enter the extrusion die 5; before entering the extrusion die 5, the surface felt is rotated on the roller 7 in a cylindrical shape, and when the fiber bundle passes through, one end of the surface felt is laid on the upper and lower surfaces of the fiber bundle, and is pulled into the extrusion die 5 by the pulling system 6, so that the surface felt and the fiber bundle are extruded into Figure 4 The composite plate shape is shown.

[0029] A friction frame 201 for rubbing the fiber bundle is movably arranged in the guide frame 2. Specifically, the friction frame 201 is arranged in the guide frame 2 for transverse sliding. The fiber bundle is arranged through the friction frame 201, that is, the friction frame 201 is provided with a hole for the fiber bundle to pass through, and the size of the hole is larger than the diameter of the fiber bundle; the upper and lower ends of the guide frame 2 are symmetrically provided with a driving module 205 for driving the friction frame 201 to slide transversely. The driving module 205 can adopt a linear module. In this embodiment, the reciprocating sliding of the driving module 205 can be achieved through a simple control means such as a PLC, a single-chip microcomputer, etc.

[0030] The friction frame 201 is provided with a plurality of friction members 202 in contact with the corresponding fiber bundles. The friction members 202 are composed of a plurality of circumferentially arranged friction blocks 203. After the plurality of friction blocks 203 slide synchronously toward the central axis of the fiber bundle, the surfaces close to the fiber bundle form surfaces tending to the circumference. The number of the friction blocks 203 is preferably 2 or more. An elastic member 204 is provided between the end surface of the friction block 203 away from the fiber bundle and the friction frame 201. The elastic member 204 can be a tension spring, and the tension spring also has a guiding function, so that the friction block 203 can only slide in a direction away from or close to the center of the fiber bundle.

[0031] like Figure 2-Figure 3 As shown, the flow direction of the fiber bundle is from left to right. In order to increase the friction between the fiber bundle and the friction block 203 on the friction frame 201 when the fiber bundle passes through the guide frame 2, in this embodiment, when the friction frame 201 slides to the left, the friction block 203 clamps and contacts the fiber bundle and rubs against it, and when the friction frame 201 slides to the right, the friction block 203 is released from contact with the fiber bundle. A driving plate 206 for driving the friction block 203 to clamp the fiber bundle is provided on the friction frame 201, and a driving inclined surface 207 is provided on the friction block 203, and a driving ring 208 matching the driving inclined surface 207 is provided on the driving plate 206.

[0032] The friction block 203 is provided with a guide hole 1001 on the side away from the center of the fiber bundle, and the friction frame 201 is fixed with a guide tube 1002 that cooperates with the guide hole 1001. The friction block 203 is slidably set on the guide tube 1002, and the elastic member 204 is arranged in the guide tube 1002 and its two ends are respectively connected to the bottom of the guide hole 1001 and the bottom of the guide tube 1002.

[0033] The driving plate 206 is also provided with holes for the fiber bundles to pass through, and the hole diameter is the same as the diameter of the holes on the friction frame 201. The driving plate 206 is provided with a sliding rod 209 that cooperates with the friction frame 201. The friction frame 201 is provided with a first magnetic block 210 and a second magnetic block 211 on both sides, and the first magnetic block 210 and the second magnetic block 211 are strong magnetic blocks; the sliding rod 209 is provided with a first plate 212 and a second plate 213 that cooperate with the first magnetic block 210 and the second magnetic block 211; the guide frame 2 is provided with a first driving rod 214 and a second driving rod 215 that cooperate with the driving plate 206 and the first plate 212 on both sides.

[0034] When the friction frame 201 slides to the left, the second magnetic block 211 and the second plate 213 are attracted to each other. At this time, the driving plate 206 slides to the left relative to the friction frame 201, driving the driving ring 208 to squeeze the friction block 203 through the driving inclined surface 207, so that the friction block 203 is squeezed and displaced toward the center of the fiber bundle, so that the inner surface of the friction block 203 is squeezed and fitted with the surface of the fiber bundle. When the friction frame 201 slides to the left, the friction block 203 and the surface of the fiber bundle rub against each other; when the friction frame 201 slides to the left, the second driving rod 215 and the first plate 213 are attracted to each other. 212 presses against each other, at this time, the first plate 212 slides to the right and is adsorbed by the first magnetic block 210, and the driving plate 206 slides to the right away from the friction frame 201, and at the same time, the driving ring 208 releases the contact with the friction block 203, so that the surface of the fiber bundle is freed from the friction with the friction block 203. At this time, during the rightward sliding reset process of the friction frame 201, the fiber bundle does not contact the friction block 203; when the friction frame 201 slides to the rightmost end, the driving plate 206 is pressed against the left by the first driving rod 214, so that the friction block 203 contacts and rubs with the fiber bundle again.

[0035] The friction block 203 is a metal block, which can make the surface of the fiber bundle carry negative charge after friction with the basalt fiber bundle. A spray box 4 is arranged between the guide frame 2 and the glue box 3, and atomized particles with charge are sprayed in the spray box 4. Specifically, a spray tube 401 is arranged on the spray box 4, and an electrode for giving charge to the atomized particles is arranged on the spray tube 401. The electrode can be a positive electrode. When the atomized particles pass through the electrode, the atomized particles can carry positive charge, so that the charge polarity of the atomized particles is opposite to the charge polarity carried by the fiber bundle.

[0036] The atomized particles are a mixture of a coupling agent and a liquid. In this embodiment, the coupling agent is diluted with an ethanol solution to form atomized particles of a mixture of the coupling agent and ethanol. After the fiber bundle passes through the guide frame 2, it is given an electric charge on its surface by the friction block 203 sliding therein. Subsequently, the charged fiber bundle enters the spray box 4, and its surface and the atomized particles of the coupling agent mixture are adsorbed on each other due to opposite electrode polarities, thereby coating the coupling agent on the surface of the fiber bundle. Subsequently, the fiber bundle enters the glue box 3 again, and the fiber bundle combines with the resin glue in the glue box 3 through the coupling agent on its surface, so that the surface of the fiber bundle is completely covered with the resin glue.

[0037] Telescopic sleeves 216 cooperating with the friction frame 201 are provided on both sides of the guide frame 2, and exhaust holes 217 are provided on the telescopic sleeves 216. The exhaust holes 217 are connected to the spray box 4, so that the telescopic sleeves 216 on both sides can discharge compressed gas into the spray box 4 when they are alternately extended and retracted, thereby accelerating the movement of atomized particles sprayed into the spray box 4, so that the surface of the fiber bundle and the atomized particles are efficiently adsorbed and combined.

[0038] In this embodiment, the driving module 205 can also be replaced by a pneumatic cylinder, an oil cylinder or an electric push rod with a reciprocating sliding function, without too much limitation here; in addition, the coupling agent in this embodiment can be an aminosilane coupling agent, specifically γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (A1100), which can greatly improve the mechanical properties of the composite material, especially in the interface bonding between the reinforcing fiber and the resin.

[0039] The production process of producing composite boards using the pultrusion equipment of the above-mentioned basalt fiber composite board is as follows: S1: Multiple strands of fibers on the fiber frame 1 are bundled and guided through the guide holes on the guide frame 2 to form a fiber bundle in the guide frame 2; S2: After the fibers are bundled in the guide frame 2, the fiber bundles pass through the friction frame 201, and the friction frame 201 reciprocates relative to the guide frame 2. When the friction frame 201 slides to the left, the friction block 203 clamps the fiber bundle to generate friction with the surface of the fiber bundle. When the friction frame 201 is reset to the right, the friction block 203 contacts the fiber bundle. S3: After the fiber bundle rubs against the friction member 202, its surface carries a large amount of charge. Then, when the fiber bundle runs through the spray box 4, the atomized particles carrying opposite polarities are mutually adsorbed on the surface of the fiber bundle through positive and negative charges, so that the surface of the fiber bundle is covered with the atomized particles, that is, the atomized particles with the coupling agent are coated on the surface of the fiber bundle; S4: After the fiber bundle carrying the atomized particles enters the glue liquid box 3 with resin, the resin glue liquid is combined with the fiber bundle through the coupling agent in the atomized particles, so that the surface of the fiber bundle and the glue liquid adhere evenly; S5: When the friction frame 201 slides back and forth in S2, the telescopic sleeves 216 on both sides are driven to squeeze back and forth, so that the compressed gas in the telescopic sleeves 216 is blown into the spray box 4 to accelerate the combination of the atomized particles and the surface of the fiber bundle; S6: In S4, after the fiber bundle adheres to the adhesive, it enters the extrusion die 5, and at the same time, the surface felt covers the upper and lower end surfaces and enters the extrusion die 5 together with the fiber bundle. Subsequently, the surface felt and the fiber bundle pass through the extrusion die 5 to form a basalt fiber composite board.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pultrusion device for a basalt fiber composite board, comprising a fiber rack (1), a guide rack (2) for bundling and guiding the fibers, and a glue box (3) for impregnating the fibers, characterized in that: A friction frame (201) for rubbing the fiber bundle is movably arranged in the guide frame (2), and a plurality of friction members (202) for contacting the corresponding fiber bundles are arranged on the friction frame (201). After the friction members (202) rub against the fiber bundles, the fiber bundles carry electric charges. A spray box (4) is provided between the guide frame (2) and the glue liquid box (3), and atomized particles with electric charge are sprayed in the spray box (4); The spray box (4) is provided with a spray pipe (401), and the spray pipe (401) is provided with an electrode for imparting electric charge to the atomized particles, wherein the polarity of the electric charge of the atomized particles is opposite to the polarity of the electric charge carried by the fiber bundle; The atomized particles are a mixture of coupling agent and liquid; After the fiber bundle passes through the spray box (4), the surface of the fiber bundle is coated with a coupling agent, so that the fiber bundle is combined with the glue in the glue box (3).

2. The pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomized particles are a mixture of an ethanol solution and a coupling agent.

3. The pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction member (202) is made of metal and causes the fiber bundle to carry negative charges after friction with the fiber bundle.

4. The pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The friction member (202) comprises a plurality of friction blocks (203) arranged in a circumference, and an elastic member (204) is provided between the friction block (203) and the friction frame (201).

5. The pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board according to claim 4, characterized in that: The guide frame (2) is provided with a driving module (205) for driving the friction frame (201) to slide back and forth, and the friction frame (201) is slidably provided with a driving plate (206) for driving the friction block (203) to clamp the fiber bundle; The friction block (203) is provided with a driving inclined surface (207), and the driving plate (206) is provided with a driving ring (208) that matches the driving inclined surface (207).

6. The pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving plate (206) is provided with a sliding rod (209) that matches with the friction frame (201), the friction frame (201) is provided with a first magnetic block (210) and a second magnetic block (211) on both sides, and the sliding rod (209) is provided with a first plate member (212) and a second plate member (213) that match with the first magnetic block (210) and the second magnetic block (211).

7. The pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board according to claim 6, characterized in that: A first driving rod (214) and a second driving rod (215) which cooperate with the driving plate (206) and the first plate member (212) are respectively provided on both sides of the guide frame (2).

8. The pultrusion equipment of basalt fiber composite board according to claim 1, characterized in that: Telescopic sleeves (216) matching with the friction frame (201) are provided on both sides of the guide frame (2); exhaust holes (217) are provided on the telescopic sleeves (216); and the exhaust holes (217) are connected to the spray box (4).

9. A process for producing composite panels using the pultrusion equipment for basalt fiber composite panels as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The production process is as follows: S1: The fibers on the fiber frame (1) are bundled and guided through the guide holes on the guide frame (2); S2: After the fibers are bundled in the guide frame (2), they pass through the friction frame (201), and the friction frame (201) slides relative to the guide frame (2), so that the friction member (202) rubs against the fiber bundle; S3: After the fiber bundle rubs against the friction member (202), the surface of the fiber bundle carries a large amount of electric charge. When the fiber bundle subsequently passes through the spray box (4), the atomized particles carrying opposite polarities are mutually attracted to the surface of the fiber bundle through positive and negative charges, so that the surface of the fiber bundle is covered with the atomized particles. S4: After the fiber bundle carrying the atomized particles enters the glue liquid box (3) containing the resin, the resin glue liquid is combined with the fiber bundle through the atomized particles, so that the surface of the fiber bundle and the glue liquid adhere evenly.

10. The basalt fiber composite board produced by the pultrusion equipment of the basalt fiber composite board according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of fiber layers (101) and a glue layer (102) filled between the fiber layers (101); The fiber layer (101) comprises a plurality of fiber bundles extending in a single direction; The fiber bundle is made of basalt fiber; The glue is a resin glue; The surface of the fiber bundle is combined with the resin glue through the coupling agent atomized particles.

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