Building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles and granulation device

Abstract

The invention discloses building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles and a granulation device, and belongs to the technical field of building materials, the building aggregate comprises a reaction kettle, a mixing and stirring device, a granulation device and a primary forming device, the mixing and stirring device is arranged between the reaction kettle and the granulation device, and the primary forming device is arranged at the output end of the granulation device. By arranging the reaction kettle, the mixing and stirring device, the granulation device and the primary forming device, firstly, fly ash, water and a set amount of Na2CO3 are put into the reaction kettle for reaction to produce CaCO, so that a mixed material in the reaction kettle downwards enters the mixing and stirring device, meanwhile, a granulation material is added into the mixing and stirring device, and the primary forming device is formed; the method comprises the following steps: mixing fly ash with a stirring device, fully stirring the mixed material in the mixing stirring device to form slurry, enabling the slurry to enter the granulation device for granulation, enabling particles produced by the granulation device to firstly enter the primary forming device, and preheating the particles by the primary forming device for primary forming, so that the purpose of producing the fly ash into granular aggregate is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and in particular relates to a building aggregate based on fly ash particles from garbage incineration and a granulating device. Background Art

[0002] Garbage is solid waste generated in human daily life and production. Due to its large discharge volume, complex and diverse composition, and its pollution, resource and social nature, it needs to be harmless, resource-based, reduced and socialized. If it is not properly handled, it will pollute the environment, affect environmental hygiene, waste resources, damage production and living safety, and destroy social harmony. Garbage disposal is to quickly remove the garbage, treat it harmlessly, and finally make reasonable use of it. The widely used garbage disposal methods today are sanitary landfill, high-temperature composting and incineration. The purpose of garbage disposal is harmlessness, resource utilization and reduction.

[0003] The composition of fly ash from garbage incineration is affected by multiple factors and has a wide range of variation. Its main components are CaCl2, CaSO3, SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, etc., in addition to a small amount of heavy metals such as Hg, Pb, Cr, Ge, Mn, Zn, Mg and trace amounts of toxic organic matter such as dioxins. If fly ash is directly landfilled, it will be infiltrated by rainwater and other effects, and the soluble harmful components are in danger of seeping into the groundwater. The "National List of Hazardous Wastes" lists solid waste incineration fly ash as hazardous waste numbered HW18. Due to its toxicity, it must be included in the scope of hazardous waste management and must be stabilized before its final disposal.

[0004] Cementification of fly ash: Cement is a common solidification substrate at present. It has been used as a structural material for nearly a hundred years. Cement solidification technology is to mix fly ash, water and cement to form a solid state, and then form a hard cement solid body after hydration reaction, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the leaching of hazardous components in fly ash. Its basic principle is to reduce the surface area of ​​fly ash and reduce its permeability through solidification and inclusion; then the cement block is landfilled. During the cement solidification process, dicalcium silicate and tricalcium silicate in cement are transformed into CaO·SiO2·mH2O gel and Ca(OH)2·CaO·SiO2·mH2O gel through hydration reaction, and gradually harden to form a CaO·SiO2 stabilized body with high mechanical strength after enclosing fly ash. The presence of Ca(OH)2 not only makes the solid body have a higher pH value, but also makes most of the heavy metal ions generate insoluble hydroxides or carbonates and be fixed in the lattice of the cement matrix, effectively preventing the leaching of heavy metals, thereby achieving the purpose of stabilization and harmlessness.

[0005] Although the above scheme can achieve harmless treatment of fly ash, it cannot be recycled, which wastes resources and cannot achieve resource recovery and reasonable utilization. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a granulating device for converting fly ash resources from garbage incineration into building aggregates, which can convert fly ash into building material aggregates for utilization, thus solving the problem of fly ash treatment in the prior art.

[0007] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A building aggregate based on fly ash particles from garbage incineration, comprising fly ash from garbage incineration, 5% to 13% of ordinary Portland cement, and 1.0% to 4.5% of sulphoaluminate cement; a corresponding aggregate embryo is formed after granulation.

[0008] Furthermore, it includes a reactor for adding Na2CO3 to react with fly ash to produce CaCO3, a mixing and stirring device for mixing granulation materials, fly ash and CaCO3 particles, a granulation device and a primary forming device. The mixing and stirring device is arranged between the reactor and the granulation device, the primary forming device is arranged at the output end of the granulation device, and valve assemblies are arranged between the reactor and the mixing and stirring device and between the mixing and stirring device and the granulation device.

[0009] Furthermore, the granulation device includes a horizontally arranged cylinder and a granulation plate arranged at the right end of the cylinder, a plurality of granulation holes are opened on the granulation plate, a cutting device is arranged on the right side of the granulation plate, the initial forming device includes a shell fixedly arranged on the right side of the granulation plate, an arc-shaped channel is opened inside the shell, a plurality of discharge strips with the same curvature as the arc-shaped channel are arranged in the arc-shaped channel, the discharge strips correspond to the granulation holes of the granulation plate, the discharge strips include a discharge pipe and a discharge slide, a partition is coaxially fixedly arranged inside the shell, the discharge pipes are all penetrated through the partition and fixed to the partition; a preheating device is arranged on the shell.

[0010] Furthermore, the granulation device also includes an auger coaxially arranged inside the cylinder, and a second motor for driving the auger to rotate. A transmission shaft is coaxially arranged inside the granulation plate, the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the granulation plate, the left end of the transmission shaft is connected to the right end of the auger's rotating shaft, and the cutting device includes a blade whose right end of the transmission shaft protrudes from the right side surface of the granulation plate and is fixed radially, the left side surface of the blade is in contact with the right side surface of the granulation plate, and the distance between the left end surface of the discharge pipe and the right side surface of the granulation plate is adapted to the thickness of the blade.

[0011] Furthermore, a plurality of ash hoppers are fixedly arranged along the circumference of the upper end surface of the reactor, a suction device is arranged between the reactor and the cylinder, the suction end of the suction device is connected to the reaction chamber of the reactor, the discharge end of the suction device is connected to the arc-shaped channel inside the shell, and a heating device is also arranged on the pipeline of the suction device.

[0012] Furthermore, the suction device includes a fan, a suction pipe of the fan is connected to the reaction chamber of the reactor, and a discharge pipe of the fan is connected to the arc-shaped channel inside the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, a receiving plate is fixedly provided on the lower end face of the shell, and the upper end face of the receiving plate is a slope inclined to the right. The upper end face of the receiving plate is provided with a plurality of slide grooves corresponding to the discharging slide in the left-right direction. The arrangement of the particle outlet holes of the granulation plate is aligned in the vertical direction, and each slide groove is provided corresponding to the corresponding vertical column of particle outlet holes. A notch adapted to the slide groove is provided at the position corresponding to the slide groove at the bottom end of the shell.

[0014] Furthermore, a planetary gear assembly and a first motor driving the planetary carrier of the planetary gear assembly to rotate are provided on the upper end face of the reactor. The planetary gear assembly includes a central shaft, a vertical shaft rotatably connected to the planetary carrier at the top and a fixed gear ring, as well as a central gear fixed to the top of the central shaft and planetary gears fixed on the vertical shaft, each planetary gear is meshed with the central gear, and each planetary gear is meshed with the gear ring; the central shaft and the vertical shaft both extend downward into the reaction chamber of the reactor, and are fixedly provided with a first helical plate, the pitch rotation direction of the first helical plate being inconsistent.

[0015] Furthermore, the mixing and stirring device includes a main body arranged on the lower end surface of the reactor, a vertical chamber is formed in the main body, the central axis and the vertical axis both extend downward into the chamber of the main body and are fixedly provided with a second spiral sheet, the pitch rotation direction of the second spiral sheet is inconsistent, the main body is provided with a plurality of feeding hoppers along the circumferential direction, the bottom end of each feeding hopper is connected to the chamber of the main body, the inner bottom wall of the reactor is rotatably connected to a second annular rail, the inner side wall of the second annular rail is rotatably connected to a second inner plate, each vertical axis is rotatably connected to the second annular rail, the central axis is fixedly provided to the second inner plate; the bottom end of the vertical axis is in sliding contact with the inner bottom wall of the chamber of the main body.

[0016] Furthermore, an inverted conical cavity and an elbow are fixedly arranged between the main body and the cylinder, the bottom end of the central axis extends downward into the conical cavity and a scraper mechanism is fixedly arranged therein, the scraper mechanism includes a support column fixedly arranged with the central axis and a scraper fixedly arranged with the support column, and the outer surface of the scraper is in contact with the inner wall of the conical cavity.

[0017] 1. The present invention is provided with a reactor, a mixing and stirring device, a granulating device and a primary forming device. When in use, fly ash, water and a set amount of Na2CO3 are first put into the reactor for reaction to produce CaCO3. After the set reaction time, the valve assembly between the reactor and the mixing and stirring device is opened to allow the mixed material in the reactor to flow downward into the mixing and stirring device. At the same time, granulating materials: silicate cement, sulphoaluminate cement and fly ash, slag powder and water are added to the mixing and stirring device. Then the mixed material is fully stirred in the mixing and stirring device for a set stirring time to form a slurry. The valve assembly between the mixing and stirring device and the granulating device is opened to allow the slurry in the mixing and stirring device to enter the granulating device for granulation. The particles produced by the granulating device first enter the primary forming device. The primary forming device preheats the particles for preliminary forming, thereby achieving the purpose of producing fly ash into granular aggregate.

[0018] 2. The present invention provides a suction device and a heating device. The suction device is used to extract the air containing suspended fly ash particles in the reaction chamber of the reactor and discharge the air into the arc-shaped channel inside the shell through the discharge end after being heated by the heating device. The hot air containing the suspended fly ash particles is used to heat and preform the aggregates on the discharge pipe and the discharge slide. At the same time, the fly ash particles contained in the hot air adhere to the outer surface of the granular aggregate, which further prevents the adhesion of the granular aggregate and improves the yield rate of the aggregate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the cover body of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure enlargement at point A; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the reactor in the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the reactor in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the collection cover in the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second annular track in the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the central axis in the present invention; Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the truncated cone cavity of the present invention; Fig.11It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the cylinder in the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the granulation plate in the present invention; Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the receiving plate in the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shell in the present invention; Fig.15 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the shell of the present invention; Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the discharging slide in the present invention; Fig.17 This is a front view structural diagram of the discharging slide in the present invention; Fig.18 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the granulation plate in the present invention; Fig.19 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dust cover in the present invention; Fig. 20 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure inside the dust cover of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure, 1, reactor; 2, mixing device; 3, granulation device; 4, primary forming device; 5, valve assembly; 6, cylinder; 7, granulation plate; 8, shell; 9, discharge pipe; 10, discharge slide; 11, partition; 12, auger; 13, second motor; 14, transmission shaft; 15, blade; 16, ash hopper; 17, heating device; 18, fan; 19, suction pipe; 20, discharge pipe; 21, branch pipe; 22, annular pipe; 23, air outlet; 24, receiving plate; 25, chute; 26, notch; 27, annular plate; 28, gear ring; 29, first annular rail; 30, The first inner plate; 31. the central axis; 32. the central gear; 33. the vertical axis; 34. the planetary gear; 35. the planetary carrier; 36. the cover body; 37. the first motor; 38. the first spiral sheet; 39. the heating water jacket; 40. the water inlet pipe; 41. the water outlet pipe; 42. the main body; 43. the second spiral sheet; 44. the feeding hopper; 45. the second annular rail; 46. the second inner plate; 47. the truncated cone cavity; 48. the elbow; 49. the supporting column; 50. the scraper; 51. the collecting cover; 52. the baffle; 53. the hydraulic telescopic rod; 54. the connecting plate; 55. the dust cover; 56. the discharge port; 57. the dust shield. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] See also Figure 1-20 The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments: The building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles of the present invention comprises waste incineration fly ash accounting for 50-60% of the total weight, ordinary Portland cement accounting for 5%-13% of the total weight, and sulphoaluminate cement accounting for 1.0%-4.5% of the total weight; and the corresponding aggregate embryo is formed after granulation.

[0022] The granulation device for building aggregate based on fly ash particles from waste incineration described in the present invention comprises a reactor 1, a mixing and stirring device 2, a granulation device 3 and a primary forming device 4. The mixing and stirring device 2 is arranged between the reactor 1 and the granulation device 3, the primary forming device 4 is arranged at the output end of the granulation device 3, and valve assemblies 5 are arranged between the reactor 1 and the mixing and stirring device 2 and between the mixing and stirring device 2 and the granulation device 3. When in use, fly ash, water and a set amount of Na2CO3 are first put into the reactor 1 for reaction. The composition of the fly ash is affected by multiple factors and its variation range is also large. The main components of fly ash are CaCl2, CaSO3, SiO2, CaO, Al2O3, Fe2O3, etc. Therefore, the amount of Na2CO3 input is determined according to the content of CaCl2 in the fly ash, and the reaction ratio of CaCl2 and Na2CO3 is 1:1; at the same time, water is added to the reactor 1 for stirring, and the temperature in the reactor 1 can be controlled at room temperature. The reaction formula of the input Na2CO3 and CaCl2 is: Na2CO3+CaCl2=CaCO3↓+2NaCl.

[0023] The CaCO3 produced in the reactor 1 is fully mixed with the fly ash. After the reaction time is set, the valve assembly between the reactor 1 and the mixing and stirring device 2 is opened to allow the mixed material in the reactor 1 to flow downward into the mixing and stirring device 2. At the same time, granulation materials are added into the mixing and stirring device 2. The granulation materials include silicate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, fly ash, slag powder and water. Then, the mixed material and the granulation materials are fully stirred in the mixing and stirring device 2 for a set time to form a slurry. The valve assembly 5 between the mixing and stirring device 2 and the granulation device 3 is opened to allow the slurry in the mixing and stirring device 2 to flow into the mixing and stirring device 2. Granulation is carried out in the granulation device 3. The granules produced by the granulation device 3 first enter the primary forming device 4. The primary forming device 4 preheats the granules for preliminary forming to prevent the granules produced by the granulation device 3 from sticking together and destroying the shape of the granular aggregate, thereby affecting the quality of the granular aggregate. CaCO3 particles are produced inside the fly ash through chemical reactions, so that when granulation is carried out using fly ash, the interior of the granular aggregate contains CaCO3 particles, and the CaCO3 particles are equivalent to another kind of aggregate inside the granular aggregate, which increases the stability of the internal structure of the granular aggregate, thereby increasing the hardness of the granular aggregate.

[0024] In this embodiment, the granulation device 3 includes a horizontally arranged cylinder 6 and a granulation plate 7 arranged at the right end of the cylinder 6, the granulation plate 7 is provided with a plurality of granulation holes, and a cutting device is provided on the right side of the granulation plate 7. The primary forming device 4 includes a shell 8 fixedly arranged on the right side of the granulation plate 7, an arc-shaped channel is provided inside the shell 8, and a plurality of discharge strips with the same curvature as the arc-shaped channel are provided in the arc-shaped channel, the discharge strips correspond to the granulation holes of the granulation plate 7, and the discharge strips include a discharge pipe 9 and a discharge slide 10. A partition 11 is coaxially fixedly arranged inside the shell 8, and the discharge pipe 9 is penetrated through the partition 11 and fixed to the partition 11; a preheating device is arranged on the shell 8; when in use, the slurry in the cylinder 6 is squeezed out from the granulation hole of the granulation plate 7, and is cut by the cutting device to form granular aggregate, and the formed granular aggregate immediately enters the corresponding discharge pipe 9, and is pushed into the discharge slide 10 to slide downward in turn, and at the same time, the preheating device preheats the aggregate in the shell 8 to initially form the aggregate to prevent adhesion.

[0025] In this embodiment, the granulation device 3 also includes an auger 12 coaxially arranged inside the cylinder 6, and a second motor 13 for driving the auger 12 to rotate. A transmission shaft 14 is coaxially arranged inside the granulation plate 7, and the transmission shaft 14 is rotatably connected to the granulation plate 7. The left end of the transmission shaft 14 is connected to the right end of the rotating shaft of the auger 12. The cutting device includes a blade 15 whose right end protrudes from the right side of the granulation plate 7 and is fixedly arranged radially. The left side of the blade 15 is in contact with the right side of the granulation plate 7, and the distance between the left end face of the discharge pipe 9 and the right side of the granulation plate 7 is adapted to the thickness of the blade 15. When in use, the slurry in the cylinder 6 is squeezed out of the granulation plate 7 from the granulation hole of the granulation plate 7 by the auger 12 and enters the corresponding discharge pipe 9. The transmission shaft 14 rotates under the drive of the auger 12 and drives the blade 15 to rotate, so that the blade 15 cuts the slurry extruded from the right side of the granulation plate 7 to form granular aggregate, and the granular aggregate enters the primary forming device 4 for preliminary preforming.

[0026] During normal use, when fly ash, water and a set amount of Na2CO3 are put into the reactor 1 for reaction, since the fly ash is easy to float, it is easy to escape from the feeding device of the reactor 1, thereby polluting the working environment. In order to solve this problem, in the present embodiment, a plurality of ash hoppers 16 are fixedly arranged along the circumference of the upper end surface of the reactor 1, and a suction device is also arranged between the reactor 1 and the cylinder 6. The suction end of the suction device is connected to the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, and the discharge end of the suction device is connected to the arc-shaped channel inside the shell 8. A heating device 17 is also arranged on the pipeline of the suction device; the suction device is used to extract the air containing suspended fly ash particles in the reaction chamber of the reactor 1 and discharge it into the arc-shaped channel inside the shell 8 through the discharge end after being heated by the heating device 17, and the hot air containing suspended fly ash particles passes through the hot air The aggregates on the discharge pipe 9 and the discharge slide 10 are heated and preformed, and at the same time, the fly ash particles contained in the hot air adhere to the outer surface of the granular aggregate, further preventing the adhesion of the granular aggregate; while a set vacuum degree is formed in the reaction chamber of the reactor 1 through the suction device, the air containing suspended fly ash particles in the reactor 1 is heated by the heating device 17 to become hot air to heat and preform the aggregate, achieving the purpose of fly ash particles adhering to the outer surface of the granular aggregate, further preventing the adhesion of the granular aggregate, and improving the yield of the aggregate; since the reactor 1 has a set vacuum degree, when fly ash is added to the reactor 1 through the ash hopper 16, the fly ash is sucked into the reactor 1, preventing the fly ash from escaping to the outside from the open mouth of the ash hopper 16, effectively improving the quality of the working environment.

[0027] In this embodiment, the suction device includes a fan 18, a suction pipe 19 of the fan 18 is connected to the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, and a discharge pipe 20 of the fan 18 is connected to the arc-shaped channel inside the shell 8; when the fan 18 is started, the air containing fly ash particles in the reactor 1 enters the fan 18 through the suction pipe 19, and is discharged from the discharge pipe 20 of the fan 18 into the arc-shaped channel of the shell 8 to heat the granular aggregate.

[0028] In this embodiment, a plurality of branch pipes 21 are fixedly arranged along the circumference of the outer surface of the reactor 1 , and the outer end of each branch pipe 21 is connected to the annular pipe 22 , and the suction pipe 19 of the fan 18 is connected to the annular pipe 22 .

[0029] In this embodiment, the shell 8 is a double-layer structure, and a plurality of right-inclined air outlet holes 23 are provided on the inner side wall of the upper part of the shell 8. The top end of each air outlet hole 23 is connected to the interlayer space of the double-layer structure of the shell 8, and the exhaust pipe 20 of the fan 18 is connected to the interlayer space of the double-layer structure of the shell 8. When in use, the hot air containing suspended fly ash particles discharged from the exhaust pipe 20 of the fan 18 first enters the interlayer space of the double-layer structure of the shell 8 and then enters the arc-shaped channel of the shell 8 from each air outlet hole 23 to preheat and initially shape the granular aggregate. At the same time, the fly ash particles are attached to the outer surface of the aggregate, which further prevents the adhesion of the aggregate and improves the yield of the aggregate.

[0030] In order to achieve the purpose of discharging the initially formed aggregate, in this embodiment, a receiving plate 24 is fixedly provided on the lower end surface of the shell 8, and the upper end surface of the receiving plate 24 is a slope inclined to the right. The upper end surface of the receiving plate 24 is provided with a plurality of chutes 25 corresponding to the discharging slide 10 along the left and right directions. The arrangement of the discharging holes of the granulating plate 7 is aligned in the vertical direction, such as Fig.18 As shown, each chute 25 is arranged corresponding to the corresponding vertical row of particle outlet holes, and a notch 26 adapted to the chute 25 is opened at the bottom of the shell 8 at a position corresponding to the chute 25, ensuring that the granular aggregate in the chute 25 can smoothly roll out of the shell 8; when the granular aggregate slides from the discharge slide 10 to the chute 25 corresponding to the receiving plate 24, the aggregate continues to slide downward along the chute 25 until it rolls out from the notch 26 of the shell 8. When the aggregate in the shell 8 slides, the hot air in the shell 8 will help the aggregate to slide to the right as a whole, making the aggregate discharge smoother; most of the fly ash particles in the shell 8 are absorbed by the granular aggregate, and the fly ash particles in the hot air circulate in the shell 8 and are decelerated by the multiple obstacles and impacts of the discharge slide 10. Most of the fly ash particles settle in the chute 25 under the action of gravity, and the aggregate particles roll in the chute 25 to entrain the fly ash again.

[0031] In normal use, although most of the fly ash particles in the air in the shell 8 settle in the chute 25 or are entrained on the outer surface of the aggregate particles, there will still be air carrying fly ash particles discharged from the notch 26 of the shell 8. In order to further reduce the content of fly ash particles in the air discharged into the environment; in this embodiment, a dust cover 55 is fixedly provided on the receiving plate 24 located on the left side of the shell 8, the left side of the dust cover 55 is fixedly provided with the outer surface of the shell 8, and the right side of the dust cover 55 is fixedly provided with the upper surface of the receiving plate 24. The end faces are in contact and provided with a discharge port 56 that is compatible with the slide groove 25. A plurality of dust shields 57 are fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the dust cover 55 in the left and right directions. The air discharged from the notch 26 of the shell body 8 enters the dust cover 55. The air speed is reduced by the blocking of the dust shield 57. At this time, the fly ash particles in the air fall into the slide groove 25 under the action of gravity. The plurality of dust shields 57 block the air in turn, thereby increasing the effect of separating the fly ash particles from the air, and then the air is discharged from the discharge port 56 of the dust cover 55.

[0032] In this embodiment, the upper end surface of the reactor 1 is provided with a planetary gear assembly and a first motor 37 that drives the planetary carrier 35 of the planetary gear assembly to rotate. The planetary gear assembly includes a central shaft 31, a vertical shaft 33 rotatably connected to the planetary carrier 35 at the top and a fixedly arranged ring gear 28, as well as a central gear 32 fixed at the top of the central shaft 31 and a planetary gear 34 fixed on the vertical shaft 33. Each planetary gear 34 is meshed with the central gear 32, and each planetary gear is meshed with the ring gear 28. The first motor 37 is started to drive the planetary carrier 35 to rotate, and the planetary carrier 35 drives the planetary carrier 35 to rotate. The movable vertical shaft 33 rotates around the central shaft 31, and the vertical shaft 33 drives the planetary gear 34 to rotate around the central shaft 31. While the planetary gear 34 rotates around the central shaft 31, it meshes with the gear ring 28, so that the planetary gear 34 rotates around the central shaft 31 and rotates on its own. In turn, the vertical shaft 33 rotates around the central shaft 31 and rotates on its own. The rotation of the planetary gear 34 drives the central gear 32 to rotate, and the central gear 32 drives the central shaft 31 to rotate, thereby achieving the purpose of starting the first motor 37 to drive the vertical shaft 33 to revolve while rotating on its own and driving the central gear 32 to rotate.

[0033] In this embodiment, an annular plate 27 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the reactor 1, a gear ring 28 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the annular plate 27, an inner side wall of the annular plate 27 is rotatably connected to a first annular rail 29, an inner side wall of the first annular rail 29 is rotatably connected to a first inner plate 30, a central axis 31 is coaxially fixedly provided in the first inner plate 30 along a vertical direction, a plurality of vertical axes 33 are provided on the first annular rail 29 along a vertical direction, each vertical axis 33 is rotatably connected to the first annular rail 29, a planetary gear 34 is located above the first annular rail 29 and is fixedly provided with a corresponding vertical axis 33, each planetary gear 34 is meshed with a central gear 32, and each planetary gear 34 is meshed with a gear ring 28; the top end of each vertical axis 33 is rotatably connected to a planet carrier 35 The upper end surface of the annular plate 27 is fixedly provided with a cover body 36, and the first motor 37 is fixedly provided on the upper end surface of the cover body 36. The output end of the first motor 37 passes downward through the cover body 36 and is fixedly provided at the geometric center of the planetary frame 35. The central axis 31 and the vertical axis 33 both extend downward into the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, and are fixedly provided with a first spiral sheet 38. The pitch rotation direction of the first spiral sheet 38 is inconsistent. A heating water jacket 39 is provided along the circumference of the outer surface of the reactor 1. A water inlet pipe 40 and a water outlet pipe 41 are provided on the heating water jacket 39. Hot water enters the heating water jacket 39 through the water inlet pipe 40 and is discharged from the water outlet pipe 41 to adjust the reaction temperature of the material in the reaction chamber of the reactor 1 and speed up the reaction time. When in use, the ash hopper is used to add water. 16 adds fly ash, water and Na2CO3 into the reactor 1, and starts the fan 18 to evacuate the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, so that the fly ash can easily enter the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, and prevents the fly ash in the reaction chamber from escaping to the outside through the open mouth of the ash hopper 16 to pollute the working environment. The first motor 37 is started to drive the planetary frame 35 to rotate, and the planetary frame 35 drives the vertical shaft 33 and the first annular rail 29 to rotate around the central axis 31. The vertical shaft 33 drives the planetary gear 34 to rotate around the central axis 31. The planetary gear 34 rotates around the central axis 31 and meshes with the gear ring 28, so that the planetary gear 34 rotates around the central axis 31 and generates self-rotation, thereby causing the vertical shaft 33 to rotate around the central axis 31 and generate self-rotation. The wheel 34 rotates to drive the central gear 32 to rotate, the central gear 32 drives the central axis 31 to rotate, and the vertical axis 33 drives the first spiral blade 38 to rotate and rotate around the central axis 31 in the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, so that the first spiral blade 38 stirs the fly ash, water and Na2CO3 in the reactor 1, so that the Na2CO3 and CaCl2 are fully mixed to accelerate the reaction. When the first spiral blade 38 stirs, due to the inconsistent pitch rotation direction of the first spiral blade 38, the first spiral blade 38 stirs the mixture of fly ash, water and Na2CO3 up and down, so that the first spiral blade 38 forms an internal circulation of the mixture of fly ash, water and Na2CO3, further accelerating the reaction time and improving efficiency.

[0034] In this embodiment, the mixing and stirring device 2 includes a body 42 fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the heating water jacket 39, a vertical chamber is formed in the body 42, the central axis 31 and the vertical axis 33 both extend downward into the chamber of the body 42 and are fixedly provided with a second spiral sheet 43, the pitch rotation direction of the second spiral sheet 43 is inconsistent, the body 42 is provided with a plurality of feeding hoppers 44 along the circumferential direction, the bottom end of each feeding hopper 44 is connected to the chamber of the body 42, the inner bottom wall of the reactor 1 is rotatably connected with a second annular rail 45, the inner side wall of the second annular rail 45 is rotatably connected with a second inner plate 46, each vertical axis 33 is rotatably connected with the second annular rail 45, the central axis 31 is fixedly provided with the second inner plate 46; the bottom end of the vertical axis 33 is in sliding contact with the inner bottom wall of the chamber of the body 42; when in use, the material in the reactor 1 that has completely reacted is discharged by opening the reaction The valve assembly 5 between the reactor 1 and the main body 42 enters the chamber of the main body 42, and then silicate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, fly ash, slag powder and water are added respectively through the feeding hopper 44, and the mixed material in the main body 42 is stirred by the vertical shaft 33 and the second spiral blade 43, so that the fly ash, silicate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, fly ash, slag powder and water are fully mixed to form slurry. After mixing, the valve assembly 5 between the main body 42 and the cylinder 6 is opened to allow the slurry to enter the cylinder 6, and the auger 12 is driven to rotate by the second motor 13, so that the slurry in the cylinder 6 moves to the right and is extruded from the granulation hole of the granulation plate 7. The rotating shaft of the auger 12 simultaneously drives the transmission shaft 14 to rotate, so that the transmission shaft 14 drives the blade 15 to rotate, so that the blade 15 cuts the slurry extruded from the right side of the granulation plate 7 to form granular aggregate.

[0035] In this embodiment, in order to accelerate the speed at which the slurry in the main body 42 enters the cylinder 6, in this embodiment, an inverted conical cavity 47 and an elbow 48 are fixedly arranged between the main body 42 and the cylinder 6, and the bottom end of the central axis 31 extends downward into the conical cavity 47 and is fixedly provided with a scraper mechanism, the scraper mechanism includes a support column 49 fixedly arranged with the central axis 31 and a scraper 50 fixedly arranged with the support column 49, the outer surface of the scraper 50 is in contact with the inner wall of the conical cavity 47, after the slurry in the main body 42 is mixed, the valve assembly 5 between the main body 42 and the cylinder 6 is opened, the slurry first enters the conical cavity 47, and as the central axis 31 rotates, the scraper 50 is driven to rotate through the support column 49, so that the scraper 50 stirs the slurry in the conical cavity 47, so that the slurry can more easily enter the elbow 48 below and be driven to move to the right by the auger 12.

[0036] In this embodiment, the valve assembly 5 includes a collection cover 51 and a baffle 52 slidably arranged at the lower end of the collection cover 51. The baffle 52 moves outward to open the opening at the lower end of the collection cover 51, and the baffle 52 moves inward to close the opening of the lower end surface of the collection cover 51. A hydraulic telescopic rod 53 is arranged below the baffle 52. The output end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 53 is fixed to the baffle 52 through a connecting plate 54. The hydraulic telescopic rod 53 drives the baffle 52 to move inward or outward through the connecting plate 54 to close or open the collection cover. The purpose of the lower end opening of 51; the collecting cover 51 located between the reactor 1 and the body 42 is fixed to the reactor 1 and the body 42, and the upper end opening of the collecting cover 51 is connected to the reaction chamber in the reactor 1, and the lower end opening of the collecting cover 51 is connected to the vertical chamber in the body 42. The fixed end of the hydraulic telescopic rod 53 located between the reactor 1 and the body 42 is fixed to the outer surface of the body 42; when the reaction of Na2CO3 and CaCl2 in the reactor 1 is completed, the hydraulic telescopic rod 53 is pushed The movable connecting plate 54 causes the baffle 52 to move outward, so that the baffle 52 opens the opening at the lower end of the collecting cover 51 between the reactor 1 and the body 42, so that the mixed material in the reactor 1 enters the chamber of the body 42 through the collecting cover 51; the collecting cover 51 located between the body 42 and the truncated cone cavity 47 is fixedly arranged with the inner bottom wall of the body 42, and the opening at the upper end of the collecting cover 51 is located in the chamber of the body 42, and the opening at the lower end of the collecting cover 51 is communicated with the interior of the truncated cone cavity 47 ... The fixed ends of the hydraulic telescopic rods 53 between the truncated cone cavities 47 are fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the truncated cone cavity 47; when the fly ash, silicate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, fly ash, slag powder and water in the main body 42 are fully mixed to form a slurry, after the mixing is completed, the hydraulic telescopic rods 53 push the connecting plate 54 to drive the baffle 52 to move outward, so that the opening at the lower end of the collecting cover 51 located between the main body 42 and the truncated cone cavity 47 is opened, so that the slurry in the main body 42 enters the truncated cone cavity 47 below.

[0037] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: when in use, fly ash, water and Na2CO3 are added to the reactor 1 from the ash hopper 16, and at the same time, the fan 18 is started to evacuate the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, so that the fly ash can easily enter the reaction chamber of the reactor 1 from the ash hopper 16, and the fly ash in the reaction chamber is prevented from escaping to the outside from the open opening of the ash hopper 16 to pollute the working environment. The first motor 37 is started to drive the planetary frame 35 to rotate, and the vertical shaft 33 is driven to rotate around the central axis 31 while generating self-rotation. The vertical shaft 33 drives the first spiral piece 38 to rotate around the central axis 31 and self-rotate in the reaction chamber of the reactor 1, so that the first spiral piece 38 can rotate around the central axis 31 and self-rotate. 8. The fly ash, water and Na2CO3 in the reactor 1 are stirred so that the Na2CO3 and CaCl2 are fully mixed to accelerate the reaction; the materials in the reactor 1 that have reacted completely enter the chamber of the body 42 by opening the valve assembly 5 between the reactor 1 and the body 42, and then silicate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, fly ash, slag powder and water are added respectively through the feeding hopper 44, and the mixed materials in the body 42 are stirred through the vertical shaft 33 and the second spiral blade 43 so that the fly ash, silicate cement, sulphoaluminate cement, fly ash, slag powder and water are fully mixed to form a slurry. After the mixing is completed, the body is opened. The valve assembly 5 between 42 and the cylinder 6 allows the slurry to enter the cylinder 6, and the second motor 13 drives the auger 12 to rotate, so that the slurry in the cylinder 6 moves to the right and is extruded from the granulation hole of the granulation plate 7. The rotating shaft of the auger 12 simultaneously drives the transmission shaft 14 to rotate, so that the transmission shaft 14 drives the blade 15 to rotate, so that the blade 15 cuts the slurry extruded from the right side of the granulation plate 7 to form granular aggregates, and the formed granular aggregates immediately enter the corresponding discharge pipe 9, and are pushed into the discharge slide 10 to slide downward in turn; the fan 18 evacuates the reaction chamber of the reactor 1 through the suction pipe 19, and at the same time, the contents of the reactor 1 are The air containing fly ash particles is discharged into the interlayer space of the double-layer structure of the shell 8 through the discharge pipe 20, and then enters the arc-shaped channel of the shell 8 from each air outlet 23 to preheat the granular aggregate and initially form it. At the same time, the fly ash particles adhere to the outer surface of the aggregate, which further prevents the adhesion of the aggregate and improves the yield of the aggregate. When the granular aggregate slides from the discharging slide 10 to the chute 25 corresponding to the receiving plate 24, the aggregate continues to slide downward along the chute 25 until it rolls out of the notch 26 of the shell 8. When the aggregate in the shell 8 slides, the hot air in the shell 8 will help the aggregate to slide to the right as a whole, so that the aggregate discharge is smooth.

Claims

1. A building aggregate based on fly ash particles from garbage incineration, comprising 50-60% by weight of fly ash from garbage incineration, 5%-13% by weight of ordinary Portland cement, and 1.0%-4.5% by weight of sulphoaluminate cement; after granulation, a corresponding aggregate embryo is formed.

2. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a reactor (1) for realizing the reaction of Na2CO3 and fly ash to produce CaCO3, a mixing and stirring device (2) for mixing and stirring granulating materials, fly ash and CaCO3 particles to generate slurry, a granulating device (3) for cutting the slurry into particles and a primary forming device (4) for preliminarily forming the particles, wherein the mixing and stirring device (2) is arranged between the reactor (1) and the granulating device (3), the primary forming device (4) is arranged at the output end of the granulating device (3), and valve components (5) are arranged between the reactor (1) and the mixing and stirring device (2) and between the mixing and stirring device (2) and the granulating device (3).

3. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The granulating device (3) comprises a horizontally arranged cylinder (6) and a granulating plate (7) arranged at the right end of the cylinder (6), the granulating plate (7) being provided with a plurality of granulating holes, and a cutting device being provided on the right side of the granulating plate (7). The primary forming device (4) comprises a shell (8) fixedly arranged on the right side of the granulating plate (7), an arc-shaped channel being provided inside the shell (8), and a plurality of discharge bars having the same arc as the arc-shaped channel being provided in the arc-shaped channel, the discharge bars corresponding to the granulating holes of the granulating plate (7), the discharge bars comprising a discharge pipe (9) and a discharge slide (10), a partition (11) being coaxially fixedly arranged inside the shell (8), and the discharge pipes (9) are all provided in the partition (11) and fixedly arranged with the partition (11); and a preheating device is provided on the shell (8).

4. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The granulating device (3) further comprises an auger (12) coaxially arranged inside the barrel (6), and a second motor (13) for driving the auger (12) to rotate. A transmission shaft (14) is coaxially arranged inside the granulating plate (7), the transmission shaft (14) is rotatably connected to the granulating plate (7), the left end of the transmission shaft (14) is connected to the right end of the rotating shaft of the auger (12), the cutting device comprises a blade (15) protruding from the right side surface of the granulating plate (7) at the right end of the transmission shaft (14) and fixedly arranged in the radial direction, the left side surface of the blade (15) is in contact with the right side surface of the granulating plate (7), and the distance between the left end surface of the discharge pipe (9) and the right side surface of the granulating plate (7) is adapted to the thickness of the blade (15).

5. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the reactor (1) is fixedly provided with a plurality of ash hoppers (16) along the circumference. A suction device is provided between the reactor (1) and the cylinder (6). The suction end of the suction device is connected to the reaction chamber of the reactor (1), and the discharge end of the suction device is connected to the arc-shaped channel inside the shell (8). A heating device (17) is also provided on the pipeline of the suction device.

6. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The suction device comprises a fan (18), a suction pipe (19) of the fan (18) being connected to the reaction chamber of the reaction kettle (1), and a discharge pipe (20) of the fan (18) being connected to the arc-shaped channel inside the shell (8).

7. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lower end surface of the shell (8) is fixedly provided with a receiving plate (24), the upper end surface of the receiving plate (24) is a slope inclined to the right, and the upper end surface of the receiving plate (24) is provided with a plurality of chutes (25) corresponding to the discharge slide (10) in the left-right direction. The arrangement of the particle discharge holes of the granulating plate (7) is aligned in the vertical direction, and each chute (25) is arranged corresponding to the particle discharge holes in the corresponding vertical row. A notch (26) adapted to the chute (25) is provided at a position corresponding to the bottom end of the shell (8) and the chute (25).

8. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end surface of the reactor (1) is provided with a planetary gear assembly and a first motor (37) for driving a planetary carrier (35) of the planetary gear assembly to rotate. The planetary gear assembly comprises a central shaft (31), a vertical shaft (33) whose top end is rotatably connected to the planetary carrier (35), and a fixedly arranged ring gear (28), as well as a central gear (32) fixed at the top end of the central shaft (31) and a planetary gear (34) fixed on the vertical shaft (33). Each planetary gear (34) is meshed with the central gear (32), and each planetary gear is meshed with the ring gear (28). The central shaft (31) and the vertical shaft (33) both extend downward into the reaction chamber of the reactor (1) and are fixedly provided with a first spiral plate (38). The pitch rotation direction of the first spiral plate (38) is inconsistent.

9. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The mixing and stirring device (2) comprises a body (42) arranged on the lower end surface of the reaction kettle (1), a vertical chamber is formed in the body (42), the central axis (31) and the vertical axis (33) both extend downward into the chamber of the body (42) and are fixedly provided with a second spiral sheet (43), the pitch rotation direction of the second spiral sheet (43) is inconsistent, the body (42) is provided with a plurality of feeding hoppers (44) along the circumferential direction, the bottom end of each feeding hopper (44) is communicated with the chamber of the body (42), the inner bottom wall of the reaction kettle (1) is rotatably connected to a second annular rail (45), the inner side wall of the second annular rail (45) is rotatably connected to a second inner plate (46), each vertical axis (33) is rotatably connected to the second annular rail (45), the central axis (31) and the second inner plate (46) are fixedly provided; the bottom end of the vertical axis (33) is in sliding contact with the inner bottom wall of the chamber of the body (42).

10. The granulation device for building aggregate based on waste incineration fly ash particles according to claim 8, characterized in that: An inverted conical cavity (47) and an elbow (48) are fixedly arranged between the main body (42) and the cylinder (6); the bottom end of the central axis (31) extends downward into the conical cavity (47) and is fixedly arranged with a scraper mechanism, the scraper mechanism comprising a support column (49) fixedly arranged with the central axis (31) and a scraper (50) fixedly arranged with the support column (49); the outer surface of the scraper (50) is in contact with the inner wall of the conical cavity (47).

Images