Bridge supporting padstone construction tool and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a bridge supporting padstone construction tool and a construction method thereof.The bridge supporting padstone construction tool comprises an outer formwork arranged in a square shape in a surrounding mode, a fixing support is installed above the outer formwork and is of a double-layer structure, the lower layer of the fixing support is two positioning beams, the two ends of each positioning beam are fixed to the upper ends of the two opposite sides of the outer formwork respectively, and the upper layer of the fixing support is two adjusting beams; strip-shaped mounting holes are formed in the adjusting beams, the two ends of each adjusting beam are fixed to the two positioning beams, two sliding beams are further installed above the fixing support, the two ends of each sliding beam are slidably installed in the strip-shaped mounting holes of the two adjusting beams respectively, strip-shaped mounting holes are further formed in the sliding beams, and the embedded hole steel cylinders are arranged below the sliding beams. The lower end of the bolt rod is fixed with the upper end of the embedded hole steel cylinder, and the upper end is fixed on the strip-shaped mounting hole of the sliding beam. The problems that in a traditional supporting padstone formwork and reserved anchor bolt hole reinforcing mode, the size of an outer formwork is fixed and not easy to control, and an anchor bolt hole is prone to deviation in the concrete pouring process are solved. Belongs to the field of bridge construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a bridge support cushion stone construction tool and a construction method thereof, belonging to the field of bridge construction. Background Art

[0002] As one of the important structures of the bridge, the supporting stone plays an important role in connecting the upper and lower parts of the bridge structure. At present, the commonly used construction method for the supporting stone of railway bridges mainly adopts the reinforcement system of "bamboo plywood (plastic steel formwork) + tension screw + PVC cross-shaped steel bar fixation" or "steel formwork + PVC cross-shaped steel bar fixation". The PVC pipe is used as an embedded part of the bolt hole. The use of this method to construct the supporting stone will result in a large waste of materials such as formwork and PVC pipe, and the positioning accuracy of the bolt holes is difficult to control. To this end, the researchers conducted research on the supporting stone process based on the construction of Harbin Railway Bridge, and innovatively proposed a fast and accurate construction tooling and construction method for the supporting stone. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a bridge support pad stone construction tool and a construction method thereof, so as to solve the problems existing in the traditional support pad stone template and the reinforcement method of reserved anchor bolt holes, such as the difficulty in controlling the fixing of the outer template size and the easy deviation of the anchor bolt holes during the concrete pouring process.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, it is proposed to adopt a bridge support cushion stone construction tooling, including an outer formwork arranged along a square enclosure, a fixed bracket is installed above the outer formwork, the fixed bracket is a double-layer structure, the lower layer is two parallel positioning beams, the two ends of the positioning beams are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the opposite sides of the outer formwork, the upper layer is two adjusting beams, strip mounting holes are opened on the adjusting beams along the length direction, the adjusting beams are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the positioning beams and the two ends are fixed on the two positioning beams, two sliding beams are also installed above the fixed bracket, the two ends of the two sliding beams are respectively slidably installed on the strip mounting holes of the two adjusting beams, and strip mounting holes are also opened on the sliding beams along the length direction, the embedded hole steel cylinder is vertically placed below the sliding beam, the embedded hole steel cylinder is an upper end closed structure, the bolt rod is vertically arranged and the lower end is fixed to the upper end of the embedded hole steel cylinder, and the upper end of the bolt rod is fixed to the strip mounting hole of the sliding beam through a pad and a nut.

[0005] In the above-mentioned construction tooling, the outer formwork is formed by connecting two sets of main forms and two sets of side forms in parallel and opposite to each other end to end. The corners of the formwork are connected and fixed by connecting angles and connecting bolts. Both the main formwork and the side formwork are shaped steel formworks. The panel is made of 4mm thick steel plate, and the rib plate and frame are made of 8mm thick steel plate.

[0006] In the aforementioned construction tooling, two groups of fixed brackets are installed above the outer formwork, and the two sliding beams on each group of fixed brackets are respectively positioned and connected to two pre-buried hole steel cylinders, and the pre-buried hole steel cylinders are positioned at the designed position by adjusting the fixed position of the bolt rod on the sliding beam and the fixed position of the sliding beam on the adjusting beam;

[0007] In the above-mentioned construction tooling, the two adjustment beams are parallel to each other and arranged along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the two sliding beams are also parallel to each other and arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bridge;

[0008] In the aforementioned construction tooling, the beam body of the fixed bracket is made of 80mm equilateral angle steel, the strip-shaped mounting holes on the adjustment beam are used to adjust the plane position of the embedded hole steel cylinder along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the sliding beam is made of 8# double channel steel, the channel steels are connected and fixed by steel plates, and the gaps between the channel steels are used as strip-shaped mounting holes to adjust the plane position of the embedded hole steel cylinder along the longitudinal direction of the bridge;

[0009] In the aforementioned construction tooling, the embedded hole steel tube is a 160 steel pipe, the bolt rod and nut are M30 screw rod and matching nut, and the pad is 12mm thick;

[0010] The present invention also provides a construction method using the above-mentioned bridge support pad stone construction tooling, which is as follows:

[0011] 1) Measurement and setting out

[0012] Use a total station to lay out and accurately lay out the center cross line of the pad stone. Each pad stone has 4 points. In order to facilitate the mold setting, each axis point is moved outward by 15cm. According to the measured vertical and horizontal cross axes of the pad stone, check whether the position and size of the pad stone reinforcement meet the design and specification requirements;

[0013] 2) Roughening of concrete on pier top

[0014] Roughen the concrete surface of the cap beam within the pad stone range and remove loose concrete and debris on the pad stone construction work surface;

[0015] 3) Steel bar binding

[0016] The steel bars are tied according to the design drawings. At the intersections of the steel bars, iron wires are used to tie them in a staggered manner by changing the direction of the wires point by point, or in a double diagonal manner.

[0017] 4) Installation of standard steel formwork

[0018] After the stone reinforcement is installed, the outer formwork is located according to the measured outline, and the outer formwork is fixed by bolt connection;

[0019] 5) Bracket and steel cylinder installation

[0020] Installation of fixed bracket: The fixed bracket and the outer formwork are connected with bolts using the reserved holes;

[0021] Sliding beam installation: The sliding beam and the fixed bracket are initially positioned and temporarily fixed with bolts;

[0022] Bolt hole plane positioning: adjust the longitudinal and transverse plane positions of the bolt holes of the supporting pad stone and the bolt hole spacing by adjusting the beam and sliding beam;

[0023] Bolt hole depth positioning: The top of the embedded hole steel cylinder is fixed by adding a pad, bolt nut and sliding beam, and the depth of the embedded bolt hole is controlled by adjusting the length of the bolt rod;

[0024] 6) Concrete pouring and maintenance

[0025] After pouring and initial setting, the embedded hole steel cylinder should be removed in time to avoid being wrapped by concrete for a long time and being difficult to pull out;

[0026] 7) Tooling removal

[0027] The tooling is dismantled manually with the help of lifting equipment. After dismantling, the mortar and dirt on the surface of the formwork are cleaned, and it is repaired and tidied. An isolation agent is applied on the formwork and it is ready for the next use.

[0028] In the above-mentioned construction method, the embedded hole steel cylinder adopts a conical design scheme that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top, and a release agent is applied to the embedded hole steel cylinder before concrete pouring.

[0029] In the above construction method, concrete pouring adopts a crane to put the material into the mold using a hopper and vibrate with a vibrator. During the pouring process, the concrete vibration process is strictly controlled to prevent vibration leakage and over-vibration, and the deviation of the anchor hole is checked in time. If there is a tilt, it should be adjusted immediately;

[0030] During the pouring process, use a level to track and measure to ensure that the top surface elevation of the pad stone is controlled within 10mm, and the top surface of the pad stone is finished several times;

[0031] After the concrete is poured, the surface is smoothed and the slurry is collected to control surface shrinkage cracks and reduce water evaporation. After the concrete is finally set, the heat preservation and moisture maintenance begins.

[0032] After the concrete strength reaches the conditions for demolding, the formwork should be removed in time and continued to be cured to the design requirements.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts an overall combination design of "standardized steel mold + adjustable steel bracket + adjustable steel cylinder", which is easy to install and disassemble, and the tooling can be recycled; the standard steel mold adopts a tie rod-free design, which is easy to position and install, especially for the severely cold areas in Northeast China, and effectively solves the problem of frost heave damage caused by inadequate sealing of the reserved tie rod holes; the anchor holes are reserved by adopting an "adjustable steel bracket + adjustable steel cylinder" combination design attached to the standard steel mold, which can quickly and accurately position the reserved anchor holes, effectively solving the problems of inaccurate positioning and loose fixation that are common in fixing PVC pipes with reinforced steel bars; the template and reserved anchor holes can be quickly and accurately positioned and reinforced, effectively solving the problems of difficult control of the reinforcement size of the template in the prior art and the displacement caused by loose fixation of the anchor holes, with excellent results and suitable for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a top view of the present invention when in use;

[0035] Figure 2 It is the front view when the present invention is used;

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Left view of

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The structural diagram when the embedded hole steel cylinder and bolt rod are not installed;

[0038] Figure 5 It is the front view of the fixed bracket;

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A top view of

[0040] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 Left view of . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0042] Example

[0043] See attached Figures 1 to 7The present embodiment makes improvements on the construction of bridge support cushion stones. Specifically, a bridge support cushion stone construction tool is proposed, including an outer template 1 arranged along a square enclosure. The outer template 1 is formed by two sets of main templates 11 arranged in parallel and opposite to each other and two sets of side templates 12 arranged in parallel and opposite to each other, which are connected end to end. The template corners are connected and fixed by connecting angles 13 and connecting bolts 14. Both the main template 11 and the side template 12 are shaped steel templates. The panel is made of 4mm thick steel plate, and the rib plate and frame are made of 8mm thick steel plate.

[0044] Two sets of fixed brackets 2 are installed above the outer template 1. The fixed brackets 2 are double-layer structures. The lower layer is two mutually parallel positioning beams 21. The two ends of the positioning beams 21 are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the opposite sides of the outer template 1. The upper layer is two mutually parallel adjustment beams 22. The adjustment beams 22 are arranged along the transverse bridge direction. Strip-shaped mounting holes 3 are opened along the length direction of the adjustment beams 22. The adjustment beams 22 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the positioning beams 21 and the two ends are fixed to the two positioning beams 21. The upper part of the fixed bracket 2 is also provided with a plurality of fixed brackets 21. Two sliding beams 4 are installed which are parallel to each other. The sliding beams 3 are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. The two ends of the two sliding beams 4 are respectively slidably installed on the strip-shaped mounting holes 3 of the two adjusting beams 22, and strip-shaped mounting holes 3 are also opened on the sliding beams 4 along the length direction. The two sliding beams 4 on each set of fixed brackets 2 are respectively positioned and connected with two pre-embedded hole steel cylinders 5. The pre-embedded hole steel cylinders 5 are positioned at the designed position by adjusting the fixed position of the bolt rod 6 on the sliding beam 4 and the fixed position of the sliding beam 4 on the adjusting beam 22.

[0045] The beam body of the fixed bracket 2 is made of 80mm equilateral angle steel. The strip mounting holes 3 on the adjusting beam 22 are used to adjust the planar position of the embedded hole steel cylinder 5 along the transverse direction of the bridge. The sliding beam 4 is made of 8# double channel steel. The channel steels are connected and fixed by steel plates. The gaps between the channel steels serve as strip mounting holes 3 for adjusting the planar position of the embedded hole steel cylinder 5 along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

[0046] The embedded hole steel cylinder 5 is placed vertically below the sliding beam 4. The embedded hole steel cylinder 5 is a closed structure at the upper end. The bolt rod 6 is arranged vertically and the lower end is fixed to the upper end of the embedded hole steel cylinder 5. The upper end of the bolt rod 6 is fixed to the strip mounting hole 3 of the sliding beam 4 through a pad 7 and a nut 8. The embedded hole steel cylinder 5 is a 160 steel pipe, the bolt rod 6 and the nut 8 are M30 screws and matching nuts, and the pad 7 is 12 mm thick.

[0047] The specific use of the bridge support pad stone construction tooling is as follows:

[0048] 1) Use BIM technology to optimize the design of construction tools, and model and perform simulation analysis to ensure that the force of the tools meets the design requirements;

[0049] 2) Measurement and layout

[0050] Use a total station to lay out and accurately lay out the center cross line of the pad stone. Each pad stone has 4 points. In order to facilitate the mold setting, each axis point is moved outward by 15cm.

[0051] According to the measured vertical and horizontal cross axes of the pad stone, check whether the position and size of the pad stone reinforcement meet the design and specification requirements;

[0052] 3) Roughening of concrete on pier top

[0053] The concrete surface of the cap beam within the pad stone range shall be roughened to expose the coarse aggregate and present a solid irregular surface without loose particles;

[0054] Manual water flushing is used to remove loose concrete and debris from the pad stone construction work surface;

[0055] 4) Steel bar binding

[0056] The steel bars should be tied according to the design drawings. The types, specifications, quantity, shape, position, spacing, joints, etc. of the steel bars should all meet the requirements of the design drawings, and the raw material sampling and joint tests should be strictly carried out;

[0057] The steel skeleton should be tied firmly and have sufficient rigidity, and no loosening or large deformation should occur during the concrete pouring process;

[0058] The reinforcement protection layer adopts concrete pads, and its strength should not be less than the design strength of concrete. The pads of the protection layer should be staggered, and the position and quantity should meet the design requirements;

[0059] At the intersection of the steel bars, use iron wire to tie them in a staggered manner by changing the direction of the wires point by point (in an 8-shape), or tie them in a double diagonal (cross) manner;

[0060] 5) Installation of standard steel formwork

[0061] After the installation of the pad stone reinforcement is completed, the position of the outer formwork 1 is located according to the measured and set-out contour line, and the outer formwork 1 is installed and fixed by bolt connection;

[0062] After the installation of the outer formwork 1 is completed, the template installation position and bolt connection should be fully checked to ensure that the position is correct and the connection is firm;

[0063] 6) Installation of steel bracket and steel cylinder

[0064] Installation of fixed bracket 2: The fixed bracket 2 is connected to the outer template 1 by bolts using the reserved holes.

[0065] Installation of the lateral sliding support (sliding beam 4): The sliding beam 4 and the fixed support 2 are initially positioned and temporarily fixed by bolts;

[0066] Plane positioning of bolt holes (anchor holes): adjust the longitudinal and transverse plane positions of the bolt holes of the supporting pad stone and the bolt hole spacing by adjusting the beam 22 and the sliding beam 4;

[0067] Bolt hole depth positioning: The top of the embedded hole steel cylinder 5 is fixed by adding a pad, bolt nut and sliding beam 4, and the depth of the embedded bolt hole is controlled by adjusting the length of the bolt rod 6;

[0068] Note: To facilitate the demoulding of the bolt holes, the embedded hole steel cylinder 5 adopts a tapered design that is narrow at the bottom and wide at the top. Before pouring concrete, a release agent is applied to the embedded hole steel cylinder 5.

[0069] 7) Concrete pouring and maintenance

[0070] Concrete pouring adopts crane to put materials into the mold through hopper and vibrate with vibrator. During pouring, the concrete vibration process is strictly controlled to prevent vibration leakage and over-vibration. The deviation of anchor bolt holes is checked in time. If there is any tilt, it should be adjusted immediately.

[0071] During the pouring process, use a level to track and measure to ensure that the top surface elevation of the cushion stone is controlled within 10mm, and the top surface of the cushion stone is polished several times. After the pouring is completed and the initial setting is completed, the embedded hole steel cylinder 5 is taken out in time;

[0072] After the concrete is poured, the surface is smoothed and the slurry is collected to control surface shrinkage cracks and reduce water evaporation. After the concrete is finally set, the heat preservation and moisture maintenance begins.

[0073] 8) Tooling removal

[0074] The tooling is dismantled manually with lifting equipment. After dismantling, the mortar and dirt on the surface of the formwork should be cleaned, and repaired and tidied. The isolation agent should be applied on the formwork and wait for the next use;

[0075] The demolition is mainly divided into two stages: the first stage is to pull out the steel cylinder in time after the initial setting of the concrete to avoid being wrapped by the concrete for a long time and difficult to pull out; the second stage is to remove the formwork in time after the concrete strength reaches the demolding conditions and continue to maintain it to the design requirements.

[0076] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge support stone construction tool, characterized in that: The invention comprises an outer template (1) arranged along a square enclosure, a fixed bracket (2) is installed above the outer template (1), the fixed bracket (2) is a double-layer structure, the lower layer is two mutually parallel positioning beams (21), the two ends of the positioning beams (21) are respectively fixed to the upper ends of the opposite sides of the outer template (1), the upper layer is two adjustment beams (22), strip-shaped installation holes (3) are opened on the adjustment beams (22) along the length direction, the adjustment beams (22) are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the positioning beams (21) and the two ends are fixed to the two positioning beams (21), the upper part of the fixed bracket (2) is provided with a plurality of adjustment beams (22) and a plurality of adjustment beams (22) are ... Two sliding beams (4) are also installed. The two ends of the two sliding beams (4) are respectively slidably installed on the strip-shaped installation holes (3) of the two adjustment beams (22). The sliding beams (4) are also provided with strip-shaped installation holes (3) along the length direction. The embedded hole steel cylinder (5) is vertically arranged below the sliding beam (4). The embedded hole steel cylinder (5) is a closed structure at the upper end. The bolt rod (6) is vertically arranged and the lower end is fixed to the upper end of the embedded hole steel cylinder (5). The upper end of the bolt rod (6) is fixed to the strip-shaped installation hole (3) of the sliding beam (4) through a pad (7) and a nut (8).

2. According to claim 1, a bridge support stone construction tool is characterized by: The outer template (1) is formed by connecting two sets of main templates (11) and two sets of side templates (12) in parallel and opposite to each other end to end. The template corners are connected and fixed by connecting corners (13) and connecting bolts (14). The main template (11) and the side template (12) are both shaped steel templates. The panel is made of 4mm thick steel plate, and the rib plate and frame are made of 8mm thick steel plate.

3. The bridge support stone construction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of fixed brackets (2) are installed above the outer formwork (1), and two sliding beams (4) on each group of fixed brackets (2) are respectively positioned and connected to two pre-buried hole steel cylinders (5) correspondingly, and the pre-buried hole steel cylinders (5) are positioned at the designed position by adjusting the fixed position of the bolt rod (6) on the sliding beam (4) and the fixed position of the sliding beam (4) on the adjustment beam (22).

4. The bridge support stone construction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two adjusting beams (22) are parallel to each other, and the adjusting beams (22) are arranged along the transverse direction of the bridge. The two sliding beams (3) are also parallel to each other, and the sliding beams (3) are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

5. The bridge support stone construction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam body of the fixed bracket (2) is made of 80 mm equilateral angle steel, the strip-shaped mounting holes (3) on the adjusting beam (22) are used to adjust the plane position of the embedded hole steel cylinder (5) along the transverse direction of the bridge, and the sliding beam (4) is made of 8# double channel steel, the channel steels are connected and fixed by steel plates, and the gaps between the channel steels are used as strip-shaped mounting holes (3) to adjust the plane position of the embedded hole steel cylinder (5) along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

6. The bridge support stone construction tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The embedded hole steel tube (5) is a 160 steel pipe, the bolt rod (6) and the nut (8) are an M30 screw rod and a matching nut, and the backing plate (7) is 12 mm thick.

7. The construction method of the bridge support stone construction tooling according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The specific method is as follows: 1) Measurement and setting out Use a total station to lay out and accurately lay out the center cross line of the pad stone. Each pad stone has 4 points, and each axis point is moved outward by 15 cm. According to the measured vertical and horizontal cross axes of the pad stone, check whether the position and size of the pad stone reinforcement meet the design and specification requirements; 2) Roughening of concrete on pier top Roughen the concrete surface of the cap beam within the pad stone range and remove loose concrete and debris on the pad stone construction work surface; 3) Steel bar binding The steel bars are tied according to the design drawings. At the intersections of the steel bars, iron wires are used to tie them in a staggered manner by changing the direction of the wires point by point, or in a double diagonal manner. 4) Installation of standard steel formwork After the installation of the stone reinforcement is completed, the position of the outer formwork (1) is located according to the measured and set-out contour line, and the outer formwork (1) is installed and fixed by bolt connection; 5) Bracket and steel cylinder installation Installation of the fixed bracket (2): The fixed bracket (2) and the outer template (1) are connected by bolts using the reserved holes; Installation of the sliding beam (4): The sliding beam (4) and the fixed bracket (2) are initially positioned and temporarily fixed by bolts; Bolt hole plane positioning: adjusting the longitudinal and transverse plane positions of the bolt holes of the supporting cushion stone and the bolt hole spacing by adjusting the beam (22) and the sliding beam (4); Bolt hole depth positioning: the top of the embedded hole steel cylinder (5) is fixed with a pad, bolt nuts and a sliding beam (4), and the depth of the embedded bolt hole is controlled by adjusting the length of the bolt rod (6); 6) Concrete pouring and maintenance After the pouring is completed and the initial setting has occurred, the embedded hole steel cylinder (5) is promptly removed; 7) Tooling removal The tooling is dismantled manually with the help of lifting equipment. After dismantling, the mortar and dirt on the surface of the formwork are cleaned, and it is repaired and tidied. An isolation agent is applied on the formwork and it is ready for the next use.

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The embedded hole steel cylinder (5) adopts a conical design scheme with a narrow bottom and a wide top. Before pouring concrete, a release agent is applied to the embedded hole steel cylinder (5).

9. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: Concrete pouring adopts crane to put materials into the mold through hopper and vibrate with vibrator. During pouring, the concrete vibration process is strictly controlled to prevent vibration leakage and over-vibration. The deviation of anchor bolt holes is checked in time. If there is any tilt, it should be adjusted immediately. During the pouring process, use a level to track and measure to ensure that the top surface elevation of the pad stone is controlled within 10mm, and the top surface of the pad stone is finished several times; After the concrete is poured, the surface is smoothed and the slurry is collected to control surface shrinkage cracks and reduce water evaporation. After the concrete is finally set, the heat preservation and moisture maintenance begins. After the concrete strength reaches the conditions for demolding, the formwork should be removed in time and continued to be cured to the design requirements.

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