Rectangular hole excavation working device, excavation equipment and rectangular hole excavation method

Abstract

The invention provides a rectangular hole excavation working device, excavation equipment and a rectangular hole excavation method, and relates to the technical field of engineering machinery. The rectangular hole excavation working device comprises a mounting frame, an adjusting mechanism and a milling wheel assembly; the mounting frame is used for being connected with a main machine of the excavating equipment, first jacking and pressing mechanisms are arranged on the mounting frame in multiple directions in the circumferential direction, and the first jacking and pressing mechanisms are used for moving in the inside-outside direction of the mounting frame; the adjusting mechanism is connected with the mounting frame and the milling wheel assembly and used for adjusting the excavation coverage range of the milling wheel assembly by adjusting the posture of the milling wheel assembly. The rectangular hole digging device can be used for digging rectangular holes of various sizes, is high in applicability, can also be used for digging rectangular holes with supporting requirements, can obtain relatively high pose stability during digging operation, and is beneficial to improving the hole forming quality and the hole forming efficiency of the rectangular holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, and in particular to a rectangular hole excavation working device, an excavation equipment and a rectangular hole excavation method. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of highway, railway, reservoir bank improvement and geological disaster control, rectangular piles are widely used to enhance the bearing capacity of lateral loads. In the process of rectangular pile construction, rectangular pile holes need to be excavated. At present, rectangular holes are generally excavated manually or circular holes are excavated by rotary drilling rigs and then repaired.

[0003] However, this excavation method has low excavation efficiency and poor hole quality. In particular, even if rectangular piles of the same target size are constructed, the size of the rectangular hole actually required to be excavated may be different depending on the geological conditions. For example, in a soft geological condition, it is necessary to excavate and support at the same time. At this time, it is necessary to expand the excavation below the side wall of the rectangular hole that has been supported. The size of the rectangular hole actually excavated will be larger than the target size, and excavation is more inconvenient, making it difficult to ensure the quality and efficiency of the rectangular hole. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one aspect of the above problems to some extent.

[0005] In order to solve at least one aspect of the above problems to a certain extent, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a rectangular hole excavation working device, comprising a mounting frame, an adjustment mechanism and a milling wheel assembly; the mounting frame is used to be connected to a main machine of the excavation equipment, and the mounting frame is provided with a first pressing mechanism in multiple directions along the circumferential direction, and the first pressing mechanism is used to move in the inner and outer directions of the mounting frame;

[0006] The adjustment mechanism is connected to the mounting frame and the milling wheel assembly respectively, and is used to adjust the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly by adjusting the position of the milling wheel assembly.

[0007] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism includes at least one rotating structure and / or at least one translating structure, the milling wheel assembly has a calibration state relative to the mounting frame, in which the axial direction of the milling wheel of the milling wheel assembly is perpendicular to a calibration direction, and the calibration direction is a feed direction of the milling wheel assembly;

[0008] The fixed end of the rotating structure is used to be connected to the mounting frame, and the rotating end of the rotating structure is used to be connected to the milling wheel assembly; in the calibration state, the rotating axis of at least one of the rotating structures is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel, and / or the rotating axis of at least one of the rotating structures is perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel and the calibration direction;

[0009] The fixed end of the translation structure is used to be connected to the mounting frame, and the translation end of the translation structure is used to be connected to the milling wheel assembly; in the calibration state, the translation direction of at least one of the translation structures is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel, and / or, the translation direction of at least one of the translation structures is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel and the calibration direction.

[0010] Optionally, the adjustment mechanism also includes a first frame, a second frame and a driving assembly, the first frame is rotationally connected with the mounting frame around a first axis to form one of the rotating structures; the second frame is rotationally connected with the first frame around a second axis to form another of the rotating structures, and the milling wheel assembly is arranged on the second frame; in the calibration state, the first axis is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel, and the second axis is perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel and the calibration direction; the adjustment mechanism also includes a driving assembly, and the driving assembly is used to be drivingly connected to the first frame and the second frame.

[0011] Optionally, the driving assembly includes two telescopic cylinders, which are axially distributed along the first axis and respectively located on both sides of the second axis. The telescopic direction of the telescopic cylinder is perpendicular to the second axis, and both ends of the telescopic cylinder are respectively hinged to the mounting frame and the second frame.

[0012] Optionally, the rectangular hole excavation working device further comprises a positioning mechanism, the mounting frame comprises a frame body and an extension frame, the first pressing mechanism is arranged on the frame body, the extension frame is connected to the frame body, the milling wheel assembly is at least partially located below the frame body and to the side of the extension frame, the fixed end of the adjustment mechanism is connected to the frame body and / or the extension frame, and the free end is connected to the milling wheel assembly;

[0013] The positioning mechanism is connected to the extension frame, and at least part of the positioning mechanism is arranged below the central axis of the milling wheel of the milling wheel assembly. The positioning mechanism is used to extend into a pre-excavated guide hole and abut against a side wall of the guide hole.

[0014] Optionally, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning cylinder, and the positioning mechanism is located below the milling wheel;

[0015] And / or, the positioning mechanism includes a second pressing mechanism arranged in one or more directions, the second pressing mechanism being used to abut against a side wall of the lead hole;

[0016] And / or, the milling wheel assembly is provided with one or more milling wheels, and when the number of the milling wheels is multiple, the multiple milling wheels are coaxially arranged.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an excavation device, comprising a main machine and at least one working device, wherein an output end of the main machine is detachably connected to the working device; wherein at least one of the working devices comprises a rectangular hole excavation working device as described in the first aspect above.

[0018] Optionally, the main machine is a main machine of a rotary drilling rig or a double-wheel milling machine; and / or, the number of the working devices is at least two, one of which is a rotary working device of the rotary drilling rig.

[0019] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a rectangular hole excavation method, which is used for the excavation equipment as described in the second aspect above, and the rectangular hole excavation method comprises:

[0020] The excavation step is calibrated, and the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly of the rectangular hole excavation working device is adjusted according to the target size information of the rectangular hole and the adjustment mechanism of the rectangular hole excavation working device of the excavation equipment to perform the excavation operation of the rectangular hole.

[0021] Optionally, when the rectangular hole has at least one calibrated side wall that cannot be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism and is covered by the excavation coverage range, the calibrated excavation step includes: the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the milling wheel assembly, and performs excavation and shaping of at least one side wall other than the calibrated side wall within the calibrated depth section of the rectangular hole; the main machine of the excavation equipment adjusts the position of the mounting frame of the rectangular hole excavation working device in the circumferential direction of the rectangular hole, and the adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the milling wheel assembly, and performs excavation and shaping of at least one calibrated side wall, until the excavation and shaping of all side walls in the calibrated depth section are completed;

[0022] And / or, before the calibration excavation step, the rectangular hole excavation method also includes: a guide hole excavation step, performing the guide hole excavation operation of the rectangular hole and discharging the debris in the guide hole; wherein, when the rectangular hole excavation work device is provided with a positioning mechanism, the calibration excavation step also includes: when the milling wheel assembly is excavating, the positioning mechanism is pressed against the side wall of the guide hole.

[0023] Compared with the related prior art, in the rectangular hole excavation working device, excavation equipment and rectangular hole excavation method of the present invention, the overall lifting and lowering of the rectangular hole excavation working device can be realized by the main machine of the excavation equipment, and the abutment of multiple first pressing mechanisms on the formed side walls of the rectangular hole can balance the force transmitted from the excavated layer by the milling wheel assembly to a certain extent, thereby improving the posture stability of the milling wheel assembly during the excavation process; the posture of the milling wheel assembly can be adjusted as a whole by the adjustment mechanism, thereby adjusting the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly. Specifically, in a plane perpendicular to the overall feed direction of the milling wheel assembly (for example, when the feed direction is the up and down direction), the position of the milling wheel assembly can be adjusted as a whole. , the plane is a horizontal plane), the excavable range of the milling wheel assembly in one or more directions is adjusted, so that the rectangular hole excavation working device can be used to excavate rectangular holes of different sizes, or, when excavating rectangular holes that require side wall support operations, the formed side walls of the rectangular holes can be supported first, and then the excavation of the rectangular holes at a deeper depth can be carried out. In particular, the excavation coverage of the rectangular hole excavation working device can be expanded by the adjustment mechanism, thereby realizing outward expansion operations, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the rectangular hole in the depth section after expansion can be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the rectangular hole after support, which can improve the excavation efficiency of rectangular holes under conditions requiring support. The rectangular hole excavation working device of the present invention can be used to excavate rectangular holes of various sizes, has high applicability, and can also be used to excavate rectangular holes with support requirements. Moreover, during excavation operations, it can also achieve relatively high posture stability, which is beneficial to improving the hole-forming quality and hole-forming efficiency of the rectangular holes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a rectangular hole excavation working device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Another structural schematic diagram of the rectangular hole excavation working device shown;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the area within the cross section of the rectangular hole excavation in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rectangular hole after a lead hole is formed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular hole excavation working device in the embodiment of the present invention performing excavation;

[0030] Figure 7It is a structural schematic diagram of a rectangular hole excavation working device in an embodiment of the present invention performing hole expansion and excavation on a side wall of a rectangular hole;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rectangular hole excavation working device in the embodiment of the present invention after completing the hole expansion excavation and forming at one side wall and changing the direction;

[0032] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rectangular hole excavation working device in an embodiment of the present invention performing hole enlargement and excavation forming at the other side wall;

[0033] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a rectangular hole excavation working device completing a support operation of a calibrated depth section in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1-mounting frame; 11-frame body; 12-extension frame; 2-adjustment mechanism; 21-first frame; 22-second frame; 23-first axis; 24-second axis; 25-driving assembly; 251-telescopic cylinder; 3-milling wheel assembly; 31-milling wheel; 32-support frame; 4-positioning mechanism; 41-cylinder body; 42-second pressing mechanism; 43-sealing plate; 5-first pressing mechanism; 51-pressing member; 6-main machine; 61-output end; 7-rectangular hole; 71-lead hole; 8-wall protection structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0038] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "embodiment", "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplarily" and "one embodiment" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or embodiment are included in at least one embodiment or embodiment of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or embodiment. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or embodiments in a suitable manner.

[0039] The terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0040] It should be noted that a coordinate system XYZ is established in this specification, wherein the Z axis, Y axis and X axis. In the accompanying drawings, the Z axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up and down position, which can be specifically understood as the direction in which the main machine 6 drives the rectangular hole excavation working device to rise and fall as a whole, and the positive direction of the Z axis (that is, the direction in which the arrow of the Z axis points) represents the top, and the negative direction of the Z axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z axis) represents the bottom; in the accompanying drawings, the X axis represents the horizontal direction and is designated as the left and right positions, and the positive direction of the X axis (that is, the direction in which the arrow of the X axis points) represents the right side, and the negative direction of the X axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X axis) represents the left side; in the accompanying drawings, the Y axis represents the front and rear positions, and the positive direction of the Y axis (that is, the direction in which the arrow of the Y axis points) represents the front side, and the negative direction of the Y axis (that is, the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Y axis) represents the rear side; at the same time, it should be noted that the aforementioned Z axis, Y axis and X axis are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention. During the excavation process, the position of the aforementioned rectangular hole excavation working device in the circumferential direction of the rectangular hole 7 may change. Unless otherwise specified, the descriptions of the orientation in this specification are based on the situation that the position of the rectangular hole excavation working device in the circumferential direction of the rectangular hole 7 remains unchanged.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a rectangular hole excavation working device, including a mounting frame 1, an adjustment mechanism 2 and a milling wheel assembly 3; the mounting frame 1 is used to be connected to a main machine 6 of the excavation equipment, and the mounting frame 1 is provided with a first pressing mechanism 5 in multiple directions along the circumferential direction, and the first pressing mechanism 5 is used to move in the inner and outer directions of the mounting frame 1;

[0042] The adjustment mechanism 2 is connected to the mounting frame 1 and the milling wheel assembly 3 respectively, and is used to adjust the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 by adjusting the position of the milling wheel assembly 3.

[0043] Specifically, the main machine 6 is used to provide lifting support for the entire rectangular hole excavation working device, and can also provide hydraulic support as needed, such as hydraulic support for improving the operation of the milling wheel assembly 3. The entire rectangular hole excavation working device can be raised or lowered through the operation of the main machine 6. The main machine 6 can be a main machine 6 of other existing related equipment, or a specially made main machine, which is not a limitation.

[0044] The specific structure of the adjustment mechanism 2 is not a limitation, and it can make the milling wheel assembly 3 move, and the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 changes before and after the milling wheel assembly 3 moves. Specifically, when the feeding direction of the milling wheel assembly 3 is consistent with the up-down direction, that is, consistent with the Z-axis direction, the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 can be understood as the projection coverage area of ​​the milling wheel 31 of the milling wheel assembly 3 in the horizontal plane. To adjust the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3, specifically, to adjust the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 in at least one direction perpendicular to the feeding direction (hereinafter defined as the calibration direction).

[0045] This specification will use this situation as an example to illustrate the contents of the present invention, but it should be understood that during actual operation, the feed direction of the milling wheel assembly 3 may have a certain angle with the up and down direction based on the ground coordinate system. In this case, the subsequent limitations on the rotation axis and translation direction are based on the actual feed direction of the milling wheel assembly 3 and will not be explained in detail later.

[0046] The specific structural form of the mounting frame 1 is not limited. In this embodiment, the mounting frame 1 includes a frame body 11, and the first pressing mechanism 5 is installed on the frame body 11. To facilitate the installation of the first pressing mechanism 5, the cross-sectional shape of the mounting frame 1 in the horizontal section (parallel to the XY plane) can be set to a rectangle. This specification uses this as an example for explanation, but it should be understood that the cross-sectional shape of the mounting frame 1 in the horizontal section can be other shapes, such as a circle. In some cases, there is no need to move the rectangular hole excavation working device out of the rectangular hole 7 as a whole, but the rectangular hole excavation working device can be rotated as a whole in the rectangular hole 7 to adjust the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 of the rectangular hole excavation working device.

[0047] The specific structure of the first pressing mechanism 5 is not limited. For example, the free end of the first pressing mechanism 5 is provided with a pressing member 51, which can realize the movement of the pressing member 51 in the inner and outer directions of the mounting frame 1. When the milling wheel assembly 3 performs excavation, the first pressing mechanism 5 can press on the excavated side wall of the rectangular hole 7 through the pressing member 51, thereby balancing the force from the excavated layer transmitted by the milling wheel assembly 3 to a certain extent. The number of the first pressing mechanisms 5 and the position and coverage of the pressing member 51 on the side of the mounting frame 1 can be determined according to actual needs.

[0048] Exemplarily, both ends of the mounting frame 1 in the front-to-back direction and in the left-to-right direction are provided with first pressing mechanisms 5. Taking the first pressing mechanism 5 located on the right side as an example, when its pressing member 51 abuts against the excavated side wall of the rectangular hole 7 and continues to move to the right, the mounting frame 1 can be pushed to move toward the left side.

[0049] In this way, the main machine 6 of the excavating equipment can be used to realize the overall lifting and lowering of the rectangular hole excavating working device. By abutting the formed side walls of the rectangular hole 7 with multiple first pressing mechanisms 5 (for example, pressing members 51), the force transmitted from the excavated layer by the milling wheel assembly 3 can be balanced to a certain extent, thereby improving the posture stability of the milling wheel assembly 3 during the excavation process; the posture of the milling wheel assembly 3 can be adjusted as a whole through the adjustment mechanism 2, thereby adjusting the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3. Specifically, in a plane perpendicular to the overall feeding direction of the milling wheel assembly 3 (for example, when the feeding direction is in the up and down direction, the plane is a horizontal plane), the milling wheel assembly 3 The excavation range in one or more directions is adjusted, so that the rectangular hole excavation device can be used to excavate rectangular holes 7 of different sizes, or, when the rectangular hole 7 needs to be excavated with sidewall support, the formed sidewall of the rectangular hole 7 can be supported first, and then the excavation of the rectangular hole 7 at a deeper depth can be carried out. In particular, the excavation coverage of the rectangular hole excavation device can be expanded by adjusting the mechanism 2, so as to achieve outward expansion, that is, the cross-sectional area of ​​the rectangular hole 7 at the depth section after the expansion can be larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the rectangular hole 7 after the support, which can improve the excavation efficiency of the rectangular hole 7 under the working condition requiring support. The rectangular hole excavation device of the present invention can be used to excavate rectangular holes 7 of various sizes, has high applicability, and can also be used to excavate rectangular holes 7 with support requirements. Moreover, during the excavation operation, it can also achieve relatively high posture stability, which is conducive to improving the hole-forming quality and hole-forming efficiency of the rectangular hole 7.

[0050] The milling wheel assembly 3 has a calibration state relative to the mounting frame 1 . In the calibration state, the axial direction of the milling wheel 31 of the milling wheel assembly 3 is perpendicular to the calibration direction, and the calibration direction is the feed direction of the milling wheel assembly 3 .

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, for the convenience of explanation, the calibration state is the initial state of the milling wheel assembly 3 when the adjustment mechanism 2 is not adjusted. Specifically, at this time, the calibration direction is consistent with the direction in which the main machine 6 drives the milling wheel assembly 3 to rise and fall, and the axial direction of the milling wheel 31 is consistent with the front-back direction. This description will take this situation as an example to illustrate the content of the present invention.

[0052] In an optional embodiment of the adjustment structure, the adjustment mechanism 2 includes at least one translation structure. The fixed end of the translation structure is used to be connected to the mounting frame 1 , and the translation end of the translation structure is used to be connected to the milling wheel assembly 3 .

[0053] Further, in the calibration state, the translation direction of at least one translation structure is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel 31, and / or the translation direction of at least one translation structure is perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel 31 and the calibration direction.

[0054] It should be understood that the translation direction of the translation structure refers to the movement direction of the translation end of the translation structure, and it does not limit the translation implementation method of the translation end. For example, the translation structure may include a guide rail slider unit, and its slider forms the translation end.

[0055] Exemplarily, two translation structures are provided, wherein the translation direction of one translation structure is consistent with the X-axis direction, and the translation direction of the other translation structure is consistent with the Y-axis direction. The translation structure can adjust the milling position of the milling wheel assembly 3 in its translation direction by translation.

[0056] In an optional embodiment of the adjustment structure, the adjustment mechanism 2 includes at least one rotating structure, a fixed end of the rotating structure is used to be connected to the mounting frame 1 , and a rotating end of the rotating structure is used to be connected to the milling wheel assembly 3 .

[0057] The posture of the milling wheel assembly 3 can be adjusted by rotating the rotating end of the rotating structure. For example, when the rotating axis of the rotating structure is consistent with the Z-axis direction, the axial extension direction of the milling wheel assembly 3 in the XY plane can be adjusted.

[0058] In an optional embodiment of the adjustment structure, in a calibration state, the translation direction of at least one translation structure is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel 31 (for example, parallel to the Y-axis direction, in this case, the rotation of the rotating end of the rotating structure can cause the axis of the milling wheel 31 to translate as a whole), and / or, the translation direction of at least one translation structure is arranged perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel 31 and the calibration direction, in this case, the rotation of the rotating end of the rotating structure can cause the axis of the milling wheel 31 to rotate in the YZ plane.

[0059] It should be understood that, in an optional solution of the adjustment mechanism 2, the adjustment mechanism 2 may include at least one of the above-mentioned rotation structures and at least one of the above-mentioned translation structures.

[0060] Further, when the adjustment mechanism 2 includes a translation structure and a rotation structure, in the calibration state, the rotation axis of at least one rotation structure is consistent with the translation direction of at least one translation structure.

[0061] For example, a rotation axis of a rotating structure extends along the Y-axis direction, and a translation direction of a translation structure is consistent with the Y-axis direction.

[0062] In this way, the adjustment mechanism 2 can realize the overall translation of the milling wheel assembly 3 through the translation structure, so that the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 can be adjusted in the translation direction of the translation structure, and / or the adjustment mechanism 2 can realize the rotation of the milling wheel assembly 3 through the rotation structure, and can realize the adjustment of the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 in the direction perpendicular to the calibration direction and perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotation structure. It should be understood that when the adjustment structure includes any two structures selected from the above-mentioned rotation structure and / or the above-mentioned translation structure, generally only the fixed end of one structure (which can be a rotation structure or a translation structure) is connected to the frame body 11 of the mounting frame 1, and the fixed ends of other structures should be indirectly connected to the frame body 11 of the mounting frame 1.

[0063] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, exemplarily, the adjustment mechanism 2 also includes a first frame 21, which is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 1 around a first axis 23 to form one of the rotating structures; for example, in the calibration state, the first axis 23 is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel 31.

[0064] The adjustment mechanism 2 also includes a second frame 22, which is rotatably connected to the first frame 21 around a second axis 24 to form another rotating structure, and the milling wheel assembly 3 is arranged on the second frame 22; for example, in the calibration state, the second axis 24 and the axial direction and calibration direction of the milling wheel 31 are arranged perpendicular to each other.

[0065] The adjustment mechanism 2 further includes a driving assembly 25 , which is used for driving connection with the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 .

[0066] The driving assembly 25 uses the same driving structure to drive the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 to move, and may also use different driving structures to respectively drive the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 to move. For example, the driving assembly 25 may include multiple rotating driving structures, the number of rotating driving structures is consistent with the number of rotating structures, and the rotating ends of the corresponding rotating structures are driven to rotate by the rotating driving structures.

[0067] In this embodiment, in the calibration state, the second axis 24 extends along the X-axis direction, the first axis 23 extends along the Y-axis direction, and the second frame 22 rotates around the second axis 24 to realize the up and down rotation of the two ends of the milling wheel assembly 3 in the front and rear directions, so that the milling coverage position of the milling wheel assembly 3 in the front and rear directions will change. The first frame 21 rotates around the first axis 23 to realize the rotation of the front and rear ends of the milling wheel assembly 3 with a constant height difference, and the milling coverage position of the milling wheel assembly 3 in the left and right directions will change.

[0068] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, in an optional scheme of the driving assembly 25, the driving assembly 25 includes two telescopic cylinders 251, which are axially distributed along the first axis 23 and are respectively located on both sides of the second axis 24, the telescopic direction of the telescopic cylinder 251 is perpendicular to the second axis 24, and the two ends of the telescopic cylinder 251 are respectively hinged to the mounting frame 1 and the second frame 22.

[0069] Exemplarily, the telescopic cylinder 251 is an oil cylinder or other telescopic structure with variable length. In the calibration state, the two telescopic cylinders 251 are distributed along the front-to-back direction, and the two telescopic cylinders 251 are symmetrically arranged about the calibration plane, which is the axis passing through the second axis 24 and is perpendicular to the first axis 23. In other words, the axis of the second axis 24 is located on the calibration plane, and the calibration plane is perpendicular to the first axis 23. Specifically, at this time, the calibration plane is parallel to the XZ plane.

[0070] In this case, when the two telescopic cylinders 251 are of equal length and are synchronously telescoped with the same stroke, the first frame 21 drives the second frame 22 to rotate around the first axis 23 .

[0071] like Figure 3 As shown, the case where the telescopic cylinder 251 is located above the second frame 22 is taken as an example. The initial lengths of the two telescopic cylinders 251 are both the first length. During the synchronous shortening of the two telescopic cylinders 251, the second frame 22 does not rotate relative to the second axis 24. The first frame 21 drives the second frame 22 and the milling wheel assembly 3 to rotate around the first axis 23 as a whole. The position of the milling wheel assembly 3 before the first frame 21 rotates can be referred to Figure 6 The position of the first frame 21 after rotation can be referred to Figure 7 The situation where the two telescopic cylinders 251 extend synchronously is the opposite, which will not be described in detail here.

[0072] When the two telescopic cylinders 251 are extended and shortened respectively, and the lengthening and shortening strokes are consistent, the second frame 22 rotates around the second axis 24 .

[0073] For example, the initial lengths of the two telescopic cylinders 251 are both the first length, the telescopic cylinder 251 at the front side is extended and the telescopic cylinder 251 at the rear side is shortened synchronously, at this time, the second frame 22 drives the milling wheel assembly 3 to rotate counterclockwise around the first axis 23. When the two telescopic cylinders 251 exchange the telescopic modes, the second frame 22 drives the milling wheel assembly 3 to rotate clockwise around the first axis 23.

[0074] Of course, it should be understood that the two telescopic cylinders 251 may not be symmetrically arranged with respect to the calibration plane. In this case, the two telescopic cylinders 251 may be respectively extended and shortened in proportion, thereby driving the second frame 22 to rotate around the first axis 23, which will not be described in detail here.

[0075] It should be understood that the configuration of the drive assembly 25 is not limited thereto and will not be described in detail herein.

[0076] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the rectangular hole excavation working device also includes a positioning mechanism 4, the mounting frame 1 includes a frame body 11 and an extension frame 12, the first pressing mechanism 5 is arranged on the frame body 11, the extension frame 12 is connected to the frame body 11, the milling wheel assembly 3 is at least partially located below the frame body 11 and located on the side of the extension frame 12, the fixed end of the adjustment mechanism 2 is connected to the frame body 11 and / or the extension frame 12, and the free end is connected to the milling wheel assembly 3;

[0077] The positioning mechanism 4 is connected to the extension frame 12 , and is used to extend into the pre-excavated lead hole 71 and abut against the side wall of the lead hole 71 .

[0078] The specific structure of the extension frame 12 is not limited. It is used to form a force support for the positioning mechanism 4 and can also be selectively used to form a force support for some components of the adjustment mechanism 2.

[0079] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, exemplarily, the extension frame 12 is located below the frame body 11 and is arranged near the right end, the milling wheel assembly 3 is located below the frame body 11 and on the left side of the extension frame 12, the milling wheel assembly 3 includes a milling wheel 31 and a support frame 32 for mounting the milling wheel 31, the top end of the support frame 32 is connected to the second frame 22, for example, it is detachably connected, the second frame 22 is located below the first frame 21, the upper end of the second frame 22 is rotatably connected to the first frame 21 around the second axis 24, the left end of the second frame 22 is hinged to, for example, two telescopic cylinders 251, and the upper right side of the first frame 21 is hinged to the extension frame 12 through the first axis 23. At this time, the first frame 21 should not form an obstruction to the telescopic cylinder 251, for example, the telescopic cylinder 251 is located outside the first frame 21, or the telescopic cylinder 251 is penetrated in the first frame 21, and the first frame 21 is formed with a avoidance hole for avoiding the telescopic cylinder 251, which will not be described in detail here.

[0080] The guide hole 71 is generally formed by digging with a rotary drilling rig or other equipment, and the guide hole 71 is formed by digging and discharging the slag inside.

[0081] The specific structure of the positioning mechanism 4 is not limited, and it can extend into the guide hole 71 and abut against the side wall of the guide hole 71 during the overall descent of the rectangular hole excavation working device. Generally speaking, the positioning mechanism 4 is at least partially arranged below the central axis of the milling wheel 31. For example, the positioning mechanism 4 is arranged on a side of the extension frame 12 away from the milling wheel 31, or the positioning mechanism 4 is located below the milling wheel 31, which will be exemplified later.

[0082] In this way, by extending the positioning mechanism 4 into the guide hole 71 and setting the positioning mechanism 4 to abut against the side wall of the guide hole 71, when the milling wheel assembly 3 performs excavation operations, the abutment between the positioning mechanism 4 and the side wall of the guide hole 71 can also apply force to a certain extent from the lower end or lower position of the milling wheel assembly 3 to balance the reaction force transmitted by the excavated layer, so that the position and posture of the milling wheel assembly 3 is highly controllable, and the forming quality of the rectangular hole 7 can be improved to a certain extent.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, optionally, the positioning mechanism 4 includes a second pressing mechanism 42 arranged in one or more directions, and the second pressing mechanism 42 is used to abut against the side wall of the lead hole 71. The setting position and number of the second pressing mechanism 42 are based on actual needs.

[0084] Optionally, the positioning mechanism 4 is located below the milling wheel 31 .

[0085] Exemplarily, the positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning cylinder, which is located below the milling wheel 31. The positioning cylinder includes a cylinder body 41 connected to the extension frame 12, and the cylinder body 41 is used to abut against the side wall of the guide hole 71. Alternatively, a circumferential side of the cylinder body 41 is provided with an accommodating portion in at least one direction, and a second pressing mechanism 42 is provided at the accommodating portion, and the second pressing mechanism 42 is used to abut against the side wall of the guide hole 71.

[0086] Compared with setting the positioning mechanism 4 on the side of the extension frame 12, when the positioning mechanism 4 is set to include a positioning cylinder, the positioning mechanism 4 is always located in the unexcavated lead hole 71 below the milling wheel 31, which can ensure the stability of the reaction force transmitted by the lead hole 71 to a certain extent and reduce the requirement for the pressing stroke of the second pressing mechanism 42. For example, when the positioning mechanism 4 is set on the side of the extension frame 12, when the milling wheel 31 completes the excavation and forming of the front side wall of the rectangular hole 7 and changes direction to excavate and form the rear side wall, the positioning mechanism 4 needs to abut or press against the front side wall of the lead hole 71 that has been excavated and formed (that is, the front side wall of the rectangular hole 7), and the positioning mechanism 4 needs to be equipped with a detachable accessory or a second pressing mechanism 42 with a larger stroke to achieve this.

[0087] Here, the pressing force of the second pressing mechanism 42 can be set to be adjustable as needed, so as to facilitate the adjustment of the pressing pressure on the side wall of the guide hole 71 according to the working conditions, so as to balance the reaction force (eccentric load force) received by the milling wheel 31 and ensure that the milling wheel 31 will not be stuck when feeding downward. When the second pressing mechanism 42 is driven by a hydraulic drive cylinder, this can be achieved by controlling the pressure difference between the two chambers of the hydraulic drive cylinder, which will not be described in detail here.

[0088] Optionally, the positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning cylinder, which is located below the milling wheel 31. The positioning cylinder includes a cylinder body 41 connected to the extension frame 12 and a sealing plate 43 for bottom packaging. An opening and closing structure is provided between the sealing plate 43 and the cylinder body 41, and the opening and closing structure is used to open or close the sealing plate 43.

[0089] Here, when the sealing plate 43 is in a closed state, it can be used to receive the debris dropped by the milling wheel 31 during excavation. When the rectangular hole excavation working device is moved out of the rectangular hole 7 as a whole, the sealing plate 43 is opened to discharge the debris received by the positioning cylinder, thereby reducing the workload of the subsequent debris discharge process and speeding up the rectangular excavation process.

[0090] Optionally, in the above embodiment, the milling wheel assembly 3 is provided with one or more milling wheels 31 . When there are multiple milling wheels 31 , the multiple milling wheels 31 are coaxially arranged.

[0091] In the case where the diameter of the milling wheel 31 is the same, the rectangular hole excavation working device can be used to excavate a rectangular hole 7 with a smaller target size. Figure 4 As shown, at this time, relatively small holes in the front-to-back direction can be excavated, and relatively small numbers of milling wheels 31 can be provided, so that relatively small holes in the left-to-right direction can be excavated.

[0092] In the above embodiments, a posture sensor such as a six-axis gyroscope can be set on one or more of the frame body 11 of the mounting frame 1, the support frame 32 of the milling wheel assembly 3, the first frame 21 and the second frame 22 to detect the spatial posture of the corresponding components, which will not be described in detail here.

[0093] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an excavation device, which includes a main machine 6 and at least one working device, wherein an output end 61 of the main machine 6 is detachably connected to the working device; wherein at least one working device includes a rectangular hole excavation working device as in the above embodiment.

[0094] Specifically, the output end 61 of the main machine 6 is provided with a movable part that can be fed up and down, and the working device is detachably connected to the movable part. The above-mentioned main machine 6 can provide lift and hydraulic and electrical support. Of course, it should be understood that the main machine 6 can also be equipped with other components such as a hydraulic hose follower system, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0095] Furthermore, the host machine 6 is a host machine of a rotary drilling rig or a double-wheel milling rig.

[0096] In this case, there is no need to specially design the main machine 6, which can save costs to a certain extent and improve the scope of application. For example, a user with a rotary drilling rig can equip the rectangular hole excavation working device of the present invention to realize the excavation of a rectangular hole 7. Alternatively, a user with a double-wheel milling machine can equip the rectangular hole excavation working device of the present invention to realize the excavation of a rectangular hole 7 of a smaller size or a larger size range.

[0097] Furthermore, the number of working devices is at least two, and one of the working devices is a rotary drilling working device of a rotary drilling rig.

[0098] In this way, the excavation equipment can not only complete the above-mentioned hole drawing 71 operation, but also complete the rectangular hole 7 hole forming operation of the rectangular hole 7 milling working device. At this time, the working device is quickly connected to the output end 61 of the host 6, and the host 6 can selectively set an area for temporarily storing the working device, which will not be described in detail here.

[0099] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a rectangular hole digging method, which is used for the digging equipment in the above embodiment. The rectangular hole digging method includes:

[0100] The excavation step is calibrated, and the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 of the rectangular hole excavation working device is adjusted according to the target size information of the rectangular hole 7 and the adjustment mechanism 2 of the rectangular hole excavation working device of the excavation equipment to perform the excavation operation of the rectangular hole 7.

[0101] Specifically, when the excavating equipment excavates the rectangular hole 7, the size of the depth section of each excavation is determined according to specific circumstances.

[0102] The excavation coverage range is the operating range that the milling wheel assembly 3 can cover when the position of the milling wheel assembly 3 is adjusted only by the adjustment mechanism 2.

[0103] When the rectangular hole 7 has at least one calibrated side wall which cannot be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 2 and covered by the excavation coverage range, the calibrated excavation step includes:

[0104] The adjustment mechanism 2 adjusts the position of the milling wheel assembly 3 and performs excavation and forming of at least one side wall other than the calibrated side wall within the calibrated depth section of the rectangular hole 7 .

[0105] The main machine 6 of the excavation equipment adjusts the circumferential position of the mounting frame 1 of the rectangular hole excavation working device in the rectangular hole 7, and the adjustment mechanism 2 adjusts the posture of the milling wheel assembly 3 to perform excavation and forming of at least one calibrated side wall until the excavation and forming of all side walls in the calibrated depth section are completed.

[0106] Taking the expansion scheme that needs support as an example, when the adjustment mechanism 2 includes the first frame 21 and the second frame 22, when the circumferential position of the mounting frame 1 relative to the rectangular hole 7 remains unchanged, Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 6 As shown, when the mounting bracket 1 is Figure 6 When the mounting frame 1 is placed in the rectangular hole 7 in the posture shown, the adjustment mechanism 2 adjusts the position of the milling wheel assembly 3 without changing the circumferential posture of the mounting frame 1 relative to the rectangular hole 7, and the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly 3 can cover Figure 4 The side walls B1, C1 and D1 shown in the figure cannot cover the side walls B2, C2 and D2. That is to say, at this time, the marked side walls include the side walls B2, C2 and D2. At this time, as shown in the figure Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, by rotating the moving part of the main machine 6 by, for example, 180°, the circumferential position of the mounting frame 1 relative to the rectangular hole 7 can be adjusted. At this time, the excavation and forming of the side walls B2, C2 and D2 can be completed. When support is required, support operations can be carried out at the calibrated depth section of the excavation and forming. The rectangular hole 7 after support can refer to Fig.10 .

[0107] It should be understood that, at this time, the rectangular hole excavation working device may be provided with the above-mentioned positioning mechanism 4, or may not be provided with the above-mentioned positioning mechanism 4. In some cases, the positioning mechanism 4 may also be provided as a detachable structure.

[0108] Further, in order to improve the digging efficiency of the rectangular hole 7, optionally, before the calibration digging step, the rectangular hole digging method further includes:

[0109] The digging step of the guide hole 71 is to dig the guide hole 71 of the rectangular hole 7 and discharge the debris in the guide hole 71.

[0110] Exemplarily, a rotary drilling device such as a rotary drilling rig is used to excavate the guide hole 71, and simultaneously discharge the debris in the guide hole 71. This rotary drilling device is relatively mature, has the characteristics of wide application and high excavation efficiency.

[0111] When the positioning mechanism 4 is not provided, the position of the guide hole 71 in the rectangular hole 7 is not limited. When the positioning mechanism 4 is provided and the positioning mechanism 4 includes a positioning cylinder, the guide hole 71 is generally provided at the center of the rectangular hole 7 .

[0112] At this time, in a further optional solution, when the rectangular hole excavation working device is provided with a positioning mechanism 4, the calibration excavation step further includes: when the milling wheel assembly 3 is excavating, the positioning mechanism 4 is pressed against the side wall of the guide hole 71.

[0113] Therefore, the positioning mechanism 4 and the first jacking mechanism 5 can balance the reaction force transmitted by the excavated layer to a certain extent, thereby improving the position stability of the milling wheel assembly 3 during excavation, thereby improving the hole quality of the rectangular hole 7 to a certain extent and reducing the workload of hole repair, for example.

[0114] At this time, in a further optional scheme, when the rectangular hole excavation working device includes a cylinder body 41 and a sealing plate 43, the calibration excavation step also includes: closing the sealing plate 43 before the rectangular hole excavation working device extends into the guide hole 71; after the rectangular hole excavation working device moves out of the guide hole 71 and is located at a preset position outside the rectangular hole 7, opening the sealing plate 43.

[0115] Specifically, when excavating the rectangular hole 7 of the calibrated depth section, the excavated debris can be received by the cylinder in the guide hole 71 and lifted to a preset position for discharge, which can reduce the workload of subsequent debris discharge through other devices such as a rotary drilling device.

[0116] Next, combine Figure 1 , Figures 4 to 10 The following are examples of support situations:

[0117] like Figure 5 As shown, first, a shallow rectangular hole 7 is excavated and supported by a retaining wall structure 8. The retaining wall structure 8 can be formed by casting on site or by connecting the side wall of the rectangular hole 7 with a prefabricated plate, which can adopt relevant technologies, and the shallow rectangular hole 7 can be excavated by the rectangular hole excavation working device of the present invention or by other devices.

[0118] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a circular guide hole 71 is dug in the middle of the rectangular hole 7 using a rotary drilling rig; the digging depth of the guide hole 71 is deeper than the calibrated depth section, and at least the portion deeper than the calibrated depth section can be used to accommodate debris and the positioning mechanism 4.

[0119] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the pressing mechanism presses on the wall protection structure 8 and the positioning mechanism 4 presses on the side wall of the guide hole 71 to correct the deviation of the milling wheel assembly 3, and excavate and form the area A1, side wall B1, side wall C1 and side wall D1 of the calibrated depth section of the rectangular hole 7. At this time, the position of the milling wheel assembly 3 can be adjusted by adjusting the mechanism 2 to carry out excavation and forming of the side wall B1, side wall C1 and side wall D1.

[0120] like Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9As shown, the rectangular hole excavation working device is rotated 180° as a whole by, for example, the main machine 6, the first pressing mechanism 5 presses on the wall protection structure 8, and the positioning mechanism 4 presses on the side wall of the guide hole 71 to correct the deviation of the milling wheel assembly 3, and excavate and form the area A2, side wall B2, side wall C2 and side wall D2 of the calibrated depth section of the rectangular hole 7. At this time, the position of the milling wheel assembly 3 can be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism 2 to carry out excavation and forming of the side wall B2, side wall C2 and side wall D2.

[0121] like Fig.10 As shown, the support operation of the calibrated depth section formed by excavation is carried out, and the excavation step of the lead hole 71 and the above-mentioned calibrated excavation step are repeated until the excavation operation of the entire rectangular hole 7 is completed.

[0122] In the above embodiments, it should be understood that the feeding of the rectangular hole excavation working device can be achieved through the main machine 6. In some cases, a lifting mechanism can be provided between the rectangular hole excavation working device and the adjustment mechanism 2, and the lifting mechanism performs feeding at the same time, which will not be described in detail here.

[0123] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rectangular hole excavation working device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a mounting frame (1), an adjustment mechanism (2) and a milling wheel assembly (3); the mounting frame (1) is used to be connected to a main machine (6) of an excavating device, the mounting frame (1) is provided with a first pressing mechanism (5) in multiple directions along the circumference, and the first pressing mechanism (5) is used to move in the inner and outer directions of the mounting frame (1); The adjustment mechanism (2) is respectively connected to the mounting frame (1) and the milling wheel assembly (3), and is used to adjust the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly (3) by adjusting the position and posture of the milling wheel assembly (3).

2. The rectangular hole excavation working device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (2) comprises at least one rotating structure and / or at least one translating structure, the milling wheel assembly (3) has a calibration state relative to the mounting frame (1), in which the axial direction of the milling wheel (31) of the milling wheel assembly (3) is perpendicular to a calibration direction, and the calibration direction is a feed direction of the milling wheel assembly (3); The fixed end of the rotating structure is used to be connected to the mounting frame (1), and the rotating end of the rotating structure is used to be connected to the milling wheel assembly (3); in the calibration state, the rotating axis of at least one of the rotating structures is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel (31), and / or the rotating axis of at least one of the rotating structures is perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel (31) and the calibration direction; The fixed end of the translation structure is used to be connected to the mounting frame (1), and the translation end of the translation structure is used to be connected to the milling wheel assembly (3); in the calibration state, the translation direction of at least one of the translation structures is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel (31), and / or the translation direction of at least one of the translation structures is perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel (31) and the calibration direction.

3. The rectangular hole excavation working device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjustment mechanism (2) further comprises a first frame (21), a second frame (22) and a driving assembly (25); the first frame (21) is connected to the mounting frame (1) in rotation around a first axis (23) to form one of the rotating structures; the second frame (22) is connected to the first frame (21) in rotation around a second axis (24) to form another of the rotating structures; the milling wheel assembly (3) is arranged on the second frame (22); in the calibration state, the first axis (23) is parallel to the axial direction of the milling wheel (31), and the second axis (24) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the milling wheel (31) and the calibration direction; the adjustment mechanism (2) further comprises a driving assembly (25), and the driving assembly (25) is used to be connected to the first frame (21) and the second frame (22) in driving manner.

4. The rectangular hole excavation working device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving assembly (25) comprises two telescopic cylinders (251), the two telescopic cylinders (251) are distributed axially along the first axis (23) and are respectively located on both sides of the second axis (24), the telescopic direction of the telescopic cylinders (251) is perpendicular to the second axis (24), and the two ends of the telescopic cylinders (251) are respectively hinged to the mounting frame (1) and the second frame (22).

5. The rectangular hole excavation working device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangular hole excavation working device also includes a positioning mechanism (4), the mounting frame (1) includes a frame body (11) and an extension frame (12), the first pressing mechanism (5) is arranged on the frame body (11), the extension frame (12) is connected to the frame body (11), the milling wheel assembly (3) is at least partially located below the frame body (11) and on the side of the extension frame (12), the fixed end of the adjustment mechanism (2) is connected to the frame body (11) and / or the extension frame (12), and the free end is connected to the milling wheel assembly (3); The positioning mechanism (4) is connected to the extension frame (12), and the positioning mechanism (4) is at least partially arranged below the central axis of the milling wheel (31) of the milling wheel assembly (3). The positioning mechanism (4) is used to extend into a pre-excavated guide hole (71) and abut against a side wall of the guide hole (71).

6. The rectangular hole excavation working device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism (4) is located below the milling wheel (31); And / or, the positioning mechanism (4) comprises a second pressing mechanism (42) arranged in one or more directions, and the second pressing mechanism (42) is used to abut against the side wall of the guide hole (71); And / or, the milling wheel assembly (3) is provided with one or more milling wheels (31); when there are multiple milling wheels (31), the multiple milling wheels (31) are coaxially arranged.

7. An excavation device, characterized in that: It comprises a main machine (6) and at least one working device, wherein an output end (61) of the main machine (6) is detachably connected to the working device; wherein at least one of the working devices comprises a rectangular hole excavation working device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The excavation equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that The main machine (6) is a main machine of a rotary drilling rig or a double-wheel milling machine; and / or the number of the working devices is at least two, one of which is a rotary working device of the rotary drilling rig.

9. A rectangular hole digging method, characterized in that: For use with the excavation equipment as claimed in claim 7 or 8, the rectangular hole excavation method comprises: The excavation step is calibrated, and according to the target size information of the rectangular hole (7), the adjustment mechanism (2) of the rectangular hole excavation working device of the excavation equipment adjusts the excavation coverage of the milling wheel assembly (3) of the rectangular hole excavation working device to perform the excavation operation of the rectangular hole (7).

10. The rectangular hole digging method according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the rectangular hole (7) has at least one calibrated side wall that cannot be adjusted by the adjustment mechanism (2) and is covered by the excavation coverage range, the calibrated excavation step includes: the adjustment mechanism (2) adjusts the position of the milling wheel assembly (3) and performs excavation and shaping of at least one side wall other than the calibrated side wall within the calibrated depth section of the rectangular hole (7); the main machine (6) of the excavation equipment adjusts the position of the mounting frame (1) of the rectangular hole excavation working device in the circumferential direction of the rectangular hole (7), and the adjustment mechanism (2) adjusts the position of the milling wheel assembly (3) to perform excavation and shaping of at least one calibrated side wall until the excavation and shaping of all side walls in the calibrated depth section are completed; And / or, before the calibration excavation step, the rectangular hole excavation method further includes: a guide hole (71) excavation step, performing the guide hole (71) excavation operation of the rectangular hole (7), and discharging the debris in the guide hole (71); wherein, when the rectangular hole excavation work device is provided with a positioning mechanism (4), the calibration excavation step further includes: when the milling wheel assembly (3) is excavating, the positioning mechanism (4) is pressed against the side wall of the guide hole (71).

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