Shell-and-tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures

Abstract

The invention discloses a shell-and-tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures, which relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and comprises a main shell, the left and right ends of the main shell are respectively provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the two sides of the upper end of the main shell are respectively provided with a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet; an outer pipe assembly and an inner pipe assembly are installed in the main shell, the outer pipe assembly comprises a plurality of outer pipe bodies and two outer pipe plates, the two ends of each outer pipe body are connected with outer pipe through holes in the outer pipe plates on the two sides respectively, and the inner pipe assembly comprises a plurality of inner pipe bundles and two inner pipe plates. The two ends of the inner tube bundles are connected with the tube bundle through holes in the inner tube plates on the two sides respectively, one inner tube bundle is arranged in each outer tube body in a penetrating mode, and each inner tube bundle comprises a plurality of inner tube bodies; the space among the fuel gas inlet, the inner pipe body and the fuel gas outlet is a first cavity, the space between the outer pipe body and the inner wall of the main shell is a second cavity, and the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet are both communicated with the second cavity. The composite material is of a double-layer structure and is high in structural strength.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures. Background Art

[0002] The gas supply system is a typical high-pressure difference and large-flow application scenario. The high pressure difference is caused by the internal pressure regulating system reducing the pressure of the high-pressure gas, resulting in a huge pressure difference before and after the system, and thus a huge gas temperature drop. The high-precision instruments, metering instruments, and back-end gas equipment in the gas supply system have strict requirements on the gas temperature, so a series of heating and temperature control are required for the gas after the pressure reduction.

[0003] The existing technology is usually to electrically heat or heat the gas source before the pressure regulating system reduces the pressure. Among them, the heat exchange often uses circulating hot water, hot oil, steam and other heat media to heat the gas in a heat exchanger using a shell and tube structure.

[0004] The existing heat exchanger usually adopts a shell and tube structure, that is, the outer shell is the shell, and the inner tube bundle is a multi-tube bundle arrangement structure. The shell can pass through the gas and the tube bundle can pass through the heat medium, or the shell can pass through the heat medium and the tube bundle can pass through the gas. Since the gas pressure is often much higher than the hot water medium, the shell overheating medium and the tube bundle overgas structure is mostly selected in high-pressure gas applications. In this way, the design pressure of the shell containing hot water is relatively lower, and the tube bundle containing gas has a small diameter of a single pipe, so even if the high-pressure design is required for the pipe specifications, it will not cause manufacturing difficulties or too much cost increase.

[0005] The shortcomings of existing shell and tube heat exchanger technology are mainly reflected in safety: In the prior art, multiple tube bundles are arranged in a certain layout and then welded and fixed on the tube sheets at both ends. The tubes are single-layer structures and the tube sheets are also single-layer structures. Although the tubes meet the pressure requirements, they are prone to stress concentration due to their large spans, and there are hidden dangers in structural strength. Once the tubes rupture or become desoldered, or the tube sheet material is defective and perforated after bearing pressure, or the welding has false welds and breaks after bearing pressure, etc., the high-pressure gas contained in both the tubes and the tube sheets will leak. First, it may leak into the shell with a lower design pressure, causing overpressure of the shell and the water system, or even causing an explosion. Second, it may leak directly into the weather and cause a safety accident.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It is provided with an inner tube assembly and an outer tube assembly, that is, a double assembly, which can effectively improve the structural strength and overall safety.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions: The present invention discloses a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures, comprising a main shell, wherein the left and right ends of the main shell are respectively provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the upper ends of the main shell are respectively provided with a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet; An outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly are installed inside the main shell, the outer tube assembly includes a plurality of outer tube bodies and two outer tube sheets, the two outer tube sheets are respectively located at the two ends inside the main shell, each of the outer tube sheets is provided with a plurality of outer tube through holes, the two ends of the outer tube body are respectively connected with the outer tube through holes on the outer tube sheets on both sides, the inner tube assembly includes a plurality of inner tube bundles and two inner tube sheets, each of the inner tube sheets is provided with a plurality of tube bundle through holes, the two ends of the inner tube bundle are respectively connected with the tube bundle through holes on the inner tube sheets on both sides, the inner tube sheet is located on the side of the outer tube sheet away from the outer tube body, each of the outer tube bodies is provided with an inner tube bundle, and each of the inner tube bundles includes a plurality of inner tube bodies; The space between the gas inlet, the inner tube body and the gas outlet is a first cavity, the space between the outer tube body and the inner wall of the main shell is a second cavity, and the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet are both connected to the second cavity.

[0009] Preferably, the outer tube assembly further comprises a plurality of baffles, each of which is provided with a plurality of the outer tube bodies, and the baffles are staggeredly distributed up and down.

[0010] Preferably, the gas inlet and the gas outlet are both conical cylindrical structures.

[0011] Preferably, the inner tube bundle is also connected to a plurality of tube bundle limiting plates, each of which is provided with a plurality of inner tube limiting holes, and the number of the inner tube limiting holes on each tube bundle limiting plate is the same as the number of the inner tube bodies in each inner tube bundle.

[0012] Preferably, the space between the inner tube bundle and the outer tube body and the space between the outer tube sheet and the inner tube sheet located on the same side are the third cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the third cavity is filled with a heat-conducting medium, and the heat-conducting medium is heat-conducting oil.

[0014] Preferably, a third cavity pressure monitoring component is provided on the main housing, and an air inlet of the third cavity pressure monitoring component is connected to the third cavity; The third cavity pressure monitoring component includes a third cavity safety valve and a third cavity pressure sensor.

[0015] Preferably, a liquid level monitoring component is also installed on the inner tube plate, and the liquid level monitoring component is connected to the third cavity. The liquid level monitoring component includes a liquid level meter, a liquid level sensor and a liquid replenishing valve.

[0016] Preferably, a sub-shell is fixed to each of the outer walls on both sides of the main shell, one end of the sub-shell is welded to the outer wall of the main shell, and the other end of the sub-shell is welded to the inner tube plate, and the space between the sub-shell and the main shell is a fourth cavity.

[0017] Preferably, a fourth cavity pressure monitoring component is installed on the auxiliary housing, and an air inlet of the fourth cavity pressure monitoring component is connected to the fourth cavity; The fourth cavity pressure monitoring component includes a fourth cavity safety valve and a fourth cavity pressure sensor.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects: The present invention is provided with an inner tube assembly and an outer tube assembly, and the double structure can effectively improve the overall strength of the structure, thereby improving the overall safety of the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to Example 1; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of an outer tube assembly in a shell-and-tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of a baffle in a shell-and-tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to Example 1; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner tube assembly in the shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to the first embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inner tube bundle in the shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to Example 1; Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of a tube bundle limiting plate in a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to Example 1; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the positions of the first cavity and the second cavity in the shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to the first embodiment; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the third cavity and the fourth cavity in the shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to the first embodiment; In the figure: 1-main shell; 2-outer tube sheet; 3-inner tube sheet; 4-auxiliary shell; 5-outer tube body; 6-inner tube body; 7-baffle; 8-third cavity pressure monitoring assembly; 9-fourth cavity pressure monitoring assembly; 10-liquid level gauge; 11-liquid level sensor; 12-liquid replenishing valve; 13-gas inlet; 14-gas outlet; 15-heat source inlet; 16-heat source outlet; 17-tube bundle limit plate; 18-first cavity; 19-second cavity; 20-third cavity; 21-fourth cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. It is provided with an inner tube assembly and an outer tube assembly, that is, a double assembly, which can effectively improve the structural strength and overall safety.

[0023] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Embodiment 1 like Figure 1-Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures, including a main shell 1, which is a cylindrical structure. A gas inlet 13 and a gas outlet 14 are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the main shell 1, and a heat source inlet 15 and a heat source outlet 16 are respectively provided at both sides of the upper end of the main shell 1.

[0025] like Figure 1 As shown, an outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly are installed inside the main housing 1. The specific structure of the outer tube assembly is as follows: Figure 2As shown, the outer tube assembly includes a plurality of outer tube bodies 5 and two outer tube sheets 2. The two outer tube sheets 2 are respectively located at the two ends of the main shell 1. Each outer tube sheet 2 is provided with a plurality of outer tube through holes. The number and position of the outer tube through holes correspond to each outer tube body 5. The two ends of the outer tube body 5 are respectively connected to the outer tube through holes on the outer tube sheets 2 on both sides, that is, the outer tube body 5 is connected to the outer tube through holes. Similarly, the specific structure of the inner tube assembly is as shown in FIG. Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown, the inner tube assembly includes a plurality of inner tube bundles and two inner tube sheets 3. Each inner tube sheet 3 is provided with a plurality of tube bundle through holes. The number and distribution positions of the tube bundle through holes correspond to each inner tube bundle. The two ends of the inner tube bundle are respectively connected to the tube bundle through holes on the inner tube sheets 3 on both sides, that is, the ends of the inner tube bundle are connected to the tube bundle through holes. The inner tube sheet 3 is located on the side of the outer tube sheet 2 away from the outer tube body 5. It can be seen from the figure that the two inner tube sheets 3 are located on the outside of the two outer tube sheets 2. Each outer tube body 5 is provided with an inner tube bundle, and each inner tube bundle includes a plurality of inner tube bodies 6. The specific number of the inner tube bodies 6 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, each inner tube bundle includes seven inner tube bodies 6, one of which is located in the center and is distributed with six inner tube bodies in a regular hexagonal manner. Correspondingly, the tube bundle through holes also include seven holes and are distributed in a regular hexagonal manner. Of course, those skilled in the art can also adjust the specific number and distribution of the inner tube bodies 6 according to actual needs, and are not limited to this one.

[0026] The space between the gas inlet 13, the inner tube body 6 and the gas outlet 14 is a first cavity 18, which is a gas flow path. The space between the outer tube body 5 and the inner wall of the main shell 1 is a second cavity 19, and the heat source inlet 15 and the heat source outlet 16 are both connected to the second cavity 19, which is a heat source flow path. The heat source includes but is not limited to hot water or hot steam.

[0027] In actual use, the gas with a lower temperature can enter through the gas inlet 13, pass through each inner tube body 6 and flow out from the gas outlet 14. At the same time, the heat source with a higher temperature enters from the heat source inlet 15, passes through the second cavity 19, and finally flows out from the heat source outlet 16.

[0028] In this embodiment, the outer tube assembly further includes a plurality of baffles 7. For the specific shape of the baffles 7, refer to Figure 3As shown, the baffle 7 is formed by graphic cutting (specifically, a circular shape with a portion cut off, so that only part of the outer tube body 5 can pass through it), and each baffle 7 is provided with a number of outer tube bodies 5, so the entity part of the baffle 7 needs to be opened according to the arrangement position of each outer tube body 5 for tube insertion and positioning. When the entity part of the baffle 7 and the outer tube body 5 after being put on the outer tube body 5 will form a barrier to the heat source medium, then the heat medium can only be turned to flow through the blank part of the baffle 7. The shape of the blank part can be designed differently according to the design flow rate of the heat medium. By controlling the area of ​​the blank part, the flow rate and the amount of the heat medium after the deflection can be accurately controlled, so that the utilization rate of the heat medium is higher and the heat exchange is more sufficient. In addition, each baffle 7 is staggered up and down, so that the flow path of the heat medium can be increased, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0029] In this embodiment, the gas inlet 13 and the gas outlet 14 are both conical cylindrical structures, and the ends with larger diameters of the gas inlet 13 and the gas outlet 14 are fixed to the left and right ends of the main shell 1 by welding.

[0030] In this embodiment, since the structural strength of a single inner tube body 6 is reduced when it is arranged over a long distance, the method of directly arranging, positioning and welding a plurality of single inner tube bodies 6 according to the prior art cannot guarantee the position and strength of each inner tube body 6 under the long span. Therefore, a plurality of tube bundle limiting plates 17 are connected to the inner tube bundle in this embodiment, and each tube bundle limiting plate 17 is provided with a plurality of inner tube limiting holes, and the number of inner tube limiting holes on each tube bundle limiting plate 17 is the same as the number of inner tube bodies 6 in each inner tube bundle. By using a plurality of tube bundle limiting plates 17 to arrange and position a plurality of inner tube bodies 6 first, and fixing the inner tube bundle to the tube bundle limiting plates 17 by welding, the obtained inner tube bundle can obtain a higher structural strength than a single slender inner tube body 6, and can effectively guarantee the position and structural strength of the inner tube bundle during installation or welding.

[0031] In this embodiment, the space between the inner tube bundle and the corresponding outer tube body 5 and the space between the outer tube sheet 2 and the inner tube sheet 3 on the same side are interconnected and are collectively referred to as the third cavity 20 .

[0032] In this embodiment, the third cavity 20 is filled with a heat-conducting medium, so as to improve the heat-conducting performance between the outer tube body 5 and the inner tube body 6. The heat-conducting medium is heat-conducting oil, and other heat-conducting media may also be used.

[0033] The complete heat exchange process is that the gas enters the first cavity 18 through the gas inlet 13 and finally flows out from the gas outlet 14. While the gas passes through the first cavity 18, the heat source medium enters the second cavity 19 through the heat source inlet 15. The heat source medium fills the second cavity 19 and conducts heat transfer with the outer tube body 5. The outer tube body 5 transfers the heat to the inner tube body 6 through the heat-conducting medium in the third cavity 20, and then the inner tube body 6 transfers the heat to the gas in the first cavity 18, thereby completing the heating of the gas.

[0034] After the high-temperature heat source medium enters the second cavity 19 from the heat source inlet 15 and completes the heat exchange, it will leave the second cavity 19 from the heat source outlet 16 under the action of the pump (a delivery pump is provided on the heat source circulation pipeline) and enter the loop, thereby forming a heat medium circulation supply. Of course, it is not a protection point in this embodiment, so it will not be further described here. The heat medium is in the second cavity 19 according to Figure 7 When flowing from left to right as shown, it will flow in the direction of the curve shown in the figure under the influence of the baffle 7, thereby increasing the length of the heat medium fluid path, extending the heat exchange path and heat exchange time, and thus improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0035] In this embodiment, a third cavity pressure monitoring component 8 is provided on the main shell 1 , and an air inlet of the third cavity pressure monitoring component 8 is communicated with the third cavity 20 .

[0036] The third cavity pressure monitoring assembly 8 includes a third cavity safety valve and a third cavity pressure sensor, and the detection head of the third cavity pressure sensor is located at the air inlet of the third cavity safety valve. The third cavity pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure inside the third cavity 20 in real time. When any inner tube body 6 of the inner tube assembly is broken, the gas will enter the third cavity 20 through the rupture. Since the third cavity 20 is filled with heat-conducting medium, once gas infiltrates, the internal pressure of the third cavity 20 will immediately increase. The third cavity pressure sensor accurately measures the internal pressure value and alarms after reaching the warning value, so that the user can know the intact state of the inner tube body 6 at any time. Under the sealing effect of the outer tube sheet 2 and the outer tube body 5, the gas leaked from the inner layer will not overflow. At this time, the outer tube assembly will serve as a new pressure-bearing part to ensure the continued operation of the equipment. In special circumstances, when the internal pressure of the third cavity 20 is too high and needs to be relieved, the third cavity safety valve can be opened, and the fluid in the third cavity 20 can be discharged to other collection pipelines in time through the third cavity safety valve, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the third cavity 20.

[0037] In this embodiment, a liquid level monitoring component is also installed on the inner tube plate 3, and the liquid level monitoring component is connected to the third cavity 20. The liquid level monitoring component includes a liquid level meter 10, a liquid level sensor 11 and a liquid replenishing valve 12. Specifically, the liquid level meter 10 adopts an existing float liquid level meter 10 or a float liquid level meter 10, and its working principle is that it includes a liquid level measuring cylinder, the interior of which is connected to the third cavity 20, that is, there is also a heat-conducting medium inside it. As the liquid level changes, the float inside it also moves up and down, and the float liquid level meter 10 itself has two high and low liquid level detection points, and the staff can judge the liquid level in the third cavity 20 by the position of the float. On this basis, an existing liquid level sensor 11 is also provided, and the reason for setting the liquid level sensor 11 is that the liquid level meter 10 is used to remind the on-site staff, and the liquid level sensor 11 is used to monitor the liquid level height in the third cavity 20, and transmit the liquid level data to the PLC controller in real time, so as to facilitate remote monitoring by the staff. When it is detected that the heat-conducting medium in the third cavity 20 is less, the heat-conducting medium can be supplemented into the liquid level measuring cylinder through the liquid replenishing valve 12 , thereby realizing the liquid replenishing function of the third cavity 20 .

[0038] In this embodiment, a sub-shell 4 is fixed on the outer walls of both sides of the main shell 1 respectively. The sub-shell 4 is a conical cylindrical structure. The end of the sub-shell 4 with a smaller diameter is welded to the outer wall of the main shell 1, and the end of the sub-shell 4 with a larger diameter is welded to the inner tube plate 3. The space between the sub-shell 4 and the main shell 1 is the fourth cavity 21.

[0039] In this embodiment, a fourth cavity pressure monitoring component 9 is installed on the auxiliary housing 4 , and an air inlet of the fourth cavity pressure monitoring component 9 is connected to the fourth cavity 21 .

[0040] The fourth cavity pressure monitoring assembly 9 includes a fourth cavity safety valve and a fourth cavity pressure sensor, and its working principle is the same as that of the third cavity safety valve and the third cavity pressure sensor. The detection head of the fourth cavity pressure sensor is also arranged at the air inlet of the fourth cavity safety valve. The fourth cavity pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure value in the fourth cavity 21. When any weld or material between the main shell 1 and the outer tube sheet 2 and the inner tube sheet 3 is defective and causes leakage, the leaked gas will enter the fourth cavity 21. The fourth cavity 21 is small in volume and is more sensitive to the pressure of the gas. The fourth cavity pressure sensor can quickly detect whether there is gas infiltration, and an alarm will be issued after reaching the warning value, and the auxiliary shell 4 will be used as a new pressure-bearing part to ensure the continued operation of the equipment. Of course, the third cavity pressure sensor, the third cavity safety valve, the fourth cavity safety valve and the fourth cavity pressure sensor can also be electrically connected to the PLC controller to realize remote monitoring of the staff. When the pressure in the fourth cavity 21 is too high, the pressure can be relieved through the fourth cavity safety valve.

[0041] Embodiment 2 This embodiment provides an assembly method of a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures, comprising the following steps: When manufacturing the outer tube assembly, first complete the installation and welding of each outer tube body 5 and the outer tube sheet 2 on one side, then put the main shell 1 on the outside of the outer tube assembly, and weld one side port of the main shell 1 to the installed outer tube sheet 2, then weld and fix another outer tube sheet 2 on the side of the outer tube body 5 without the outer tube sheet 2, and finally weld the other side of the main shell 1 to the second outer tube sheet 2. Therefore, a hollow cavity is formed between the main shell 1 and the outer tube sheet 2, which is the second cavity 19.

[0042] During the manufacturing process of the inner tube assembly, one end of several inner tube bundles can be inserted into the tube bundle through hole on the inner tube sheet 3 on one side, and after all the inner tube bodies 6 are welded to the inner tube sheet 3, the other side of several inner tube bundles that are not installed with the inner tube sheet 3 is inserted into each outer tube body 5, and after positioning through the contact surface between the outer tube sheet 2 and the inner tube sheet 3, the second inner tube sheet 3 is installed and welded to the other side of the inner tube bundle. In this manufacturing process, the modular outer tube assembly has higher structural strength, provides better structural support for the inner tube bundle, and provides strength and matching accuracy for the installation of the other side of the outer tube assembly.

[0043] After the inner tube assembly and the outer tube assembly are installed, the outer tube sheet 2 and the inner tube sheet 3 are welded together to form a whole. At this time, a hollow interlayer is formed between the inner tube assembly and the outer tube assembly, that is, a part of the space of the third cavity 20.

[0044] The auxiliary shell 4 is pre-inserted into the outer circle of the main shell 1 welded on the outer tube sheet 2. After the welding of the outer tube sheet 2 and the inner tube sheet 3 is completed, the large diameter end of the auxiliary shell 4 is welded to the inner end face of the inner tube sheet 3, and the small diameter end of the auxiliary shell 4 is welded to the outer wall of the main shell 1, so that a fourth cavity 21 is formed between the auxiliary shell 4 and the main shell 1.

[0045] Finally, the gas inlet 13 and the gas outlet 14 are welded on both sides of the main shell 1 respectively, and the main shell 1 is completed.

[0046] Embodiment 3 This embodiment provides a production method for assembling a shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures, comprising the following steps: S1. Drawing: Determine the size and fit of each part, determine the shape, position and tolerance of the processing, and produce drawings for processing; S2. Process: Determine the parts processing technology and the assembly process of the heat exchanger; S3, Processing: Process parts according to drawings; S4, Assembly: Assemble the trial-produced parts; S5. Testing: Test the trial product according to the relevant standards; S6. Confirmation: Continuously improve performance through testing and improvement, and finally confirm; S7. Inspection: After the product performance is confirmed, the sample will be sent to an authoritative organization for type inspection, and a report will be obtained after passing the inspection.

[0047] After production is completed, there are trial production and trial sales: after obtaining the type inspection report from an authoritative organization, small-batch trial production is carried out, and pilot projects are found to test-sell the products. The products are tried and monitored under the users' actual working conditions, and the products are further improved based on the actual operating conditions.

[0048] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures, characterized in that: It comprises a main shell, wherein the left and right ends of the main shell are respectively provided with a gas inlet and a gas outlet, and the upper ends of the main shell are respectively provided with a heat source inlet and a heat source outlet; An outer tube assembly and an inner tube assembly are installed inside the main shell, the outer tube assembly includes a plurality of outer tube bodies and two outer tube sheets, the two outer tube sheets are respectively located at the two ends inside the main shell, each of the outer tube sheets is provided with a plurality of outer tube through holes, the two ends of the outer tube body are respectively connected with the outer tube through holes on the outer tube sheets on both sides, the inner tube assembly includes a plurality of inner tube bundles and two inner tube sheets, each of the inner tube sheets is provided with a plurality of tube bundle through holes, the two ends of the inner tube bundle are respectively connected with the tube bundle through holes on the inner tube sheets on both sides, the inner tube sheet is located on the side of the outer tube sheet away from the outer tube body, each of the outer tube bodies is provided with an inner tube bundle, and each of the inner tube bundles includes a plurality of inner tube bodies; The space between the gas inlet, the inner tube body and the gas outlet is a first cavity, the space between the outer tube body and the inner wall of the main shell is a second cavity, and the heat source inlet and the heat source outlet are both connected to the second cavity.

2. The shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer tube assembly also includes a plurality of baffles, each of which is provided with a plurality of outer tube bodies, and the baffles are staggeredly distributed up and down.

3. The shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The gas inlet and the gas outlet are both conical cylindrical structures.

4. The shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inner tube bundle is also connected to a plurality of tube bundle limiting plates, each of which is provided with a plurality of inner tube limiting holes, and the number of the inner tube limiting holes on each tube bundle limiting plate is the same as the number of the inner tube bodies in each inner tube bundle.

5. The shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The space between the inner tube bundle and the outer tube body and the space between the outer tube sheet and the inner tube sheet located on the same side are the third cavity.

6. The shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The third cavity is filled with a heat-conducting medium, and the heat-conducting medium is heat-conducting oil.

7. The shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A third cavity pressure monitoring component is disposed on the main housing, and an air inlet of the third cavity pressure monitoring component is communicated with the third cavity; The third cavity pressure monitoring component includes a third cavity safety valve and a third cavity pressure sensor.

8. The shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 5, characterized in that: A liquid level monitoring component is also installed on the inner tube plate. The liquid level monitoring component is connected to the third cavity. The liquid level monitoring component includes a liquid level meter, a liquid level sensor and a liquid replenishing valve.

9. The shell and tube gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sub-shell is fixed to the outer walls of both sides of the main shell respectively, one end of the sub-shell is welded to the outer wall of the main shell, and the other end of the sub-shell is welded to the inner tube plate, and the space between the sub-shell and the main shell is the fourth cavity.

10. The shell and tube type gas heat exchanger with multiple safety structures according to claim 9, characterized in that: A fourth cavity pressure monitoring component is installed on the auxiliary housing, and an air inlet of the fourth cavity pressure monitoring component is connected to the fourth cavity; The fourth cavity pressure monitoring component includes a fourth cavity safety valve and a fourth cavity pressure sensor.

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